CN114229937A - High salinity mine water desalination device based on interface photothermal evaporation - Google Patents
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- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-salinity mine water desalting device based on interface photothermal evaporation, which comprises a condenser and a desalting component, wherein the desalting component comprises a seawater cavity, a steam generation cavity, a water purification chamber, a porous photothermal membrane, a condensation sleeve and a water injection pump; the water injection pump is connected with the top of the seawater cavity, and the water purification chamber is connected with the bottom of the steam generation cavity; the desalination assembly is positioned in the illumination gathering direction of the condenser; by adopting the high-salinity mine water desalting device based on interface photothermal evaporation provided by the invention, the technical problem of low fresh water production efficiency in the solar interface photothermal evaporation process is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-salinity mine water desalting device, in particular to a high-salinity mine water desalting device based on interface photothermal evaporation.
Background
The northwest mine area has dry climate and large surface evaporation capacity, but underground deep mine water resources are quite abundant, and generally about two tons of mine water are extracted every one ton of coal is mined. Valuable mine water resources are particularly important for local resident life, industrial and agricultural development and ecological protection. However, most mine water has very high salinity, even more than 5%, and cannot be directly used at all. The direct discharge into rivers or shallow groundwater leads to salinization, and the direct discharge to the ground quickly forms salt lakes or salt lands due to large evaporation capacity, thus seriously damaging the originally fragile ecological environment of the local area. Therefore, the deep well has to be drilled again to reinject the underground. Not only a large amount of energy is wasted, but also valuable water and mineral resources are wasted wastefully. Therefore, the method is of great importance for desalting the mine water with high salinity, removing salt and obtaining precious fresh water and mineral resources.
At present, the high-salt mine water desalination technology mainly comprises methods such as a chemical precipitation method, an ion exchange method, electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, membrane distillation and the like. However, these methods all have certain limitations, such as low desalination efficiency, great difficulty in subsequent pollution treatment, high cost and the like. The solar interface photothermal evaporation desalination technology relies on improving the photothermal absorption capacity of a light absorber, so as to improve the evaporation efficiency, and is considered to be one of the most economical and sustainable technologies for seawater desalination and sewage discharge reduction.
Patent No. 201910350121.1 describes a vacuum tube type interfacial evaporation device that uses a solar vacuum tube to absorb heat and heat the vapor, thereby generating high temperature vapor. However, the vacuum coating pipes such as solar three-high pipes are adopted in the device, so that the coating layers on the surfaces of the vacuum coating pipes absorb solar heat, water in the heating pipes further generate water vapor, but the coating pipes have strong barrier to sunlight penetration, so the device does not belong to the interface evaporation principle in a strict sense. Patent No. 201911405981.7 discloses a transparent cover type solar evaporation water purifier, which uses black sponge as light absorbing material, and places it in a sewage chamber, and then covers the chamber with a transparent cover, under the illumination condition, the light absorbing material evaporates water to form water vapor, and through natural condensation, the purified water is formed. The invention patent No. 202010392617.8 discloses a cylindrical photothermal evaporation seawater desalination device, which is characterized in that a glass arc cover is connected with an arc fresh water collecting tank to form a cylindrical evaporator, a seawater flowing tank is arranged in the cylindrical evaporator, a heat insulator attached with a photothermal material is arranged on seawater, the photothermal material absorbs heat to evaporate the seawater to form vapor through the glass arc cover, the vapor is subjected to heat exchange with the environment and condensed into fresh water, and the fresh water is collected from a gap between the evaporator and the seawater flowing tank. Patent No. 202010455744.8 describes a concentric double container with an inverted conical top cover to float the photothermal conversion film on the sea water in the outer chamber and the conical tip is aligned with the inner dilute water chamber, which utilizes the inverted conical top cover to optimize the moving path of the water vapor and accelerate the water vapor to gather and condense on the conical tip. The invention discloses a stepped, longitudinal multistage and multistage inclined plane type evaporation device with three patent numbers of 202010393248.4, 202010392652.X and 202011356950.X, and the device utilizes condensation latent heat to further heat seawater while interfacial photo-thermal evaporation, thereby enhancing solar seawater desalination efficiency. The invention patent with the patent number 202011335069.1 introduces a seawater desalination device with interface evaporation and membrane distillation, which preheats seawater by absorbing heat with a metal container, reduces the time for obtaining steam by interface photothermal evaporation, and improves the production efficiency of fresh water.
As can be seen from the above prior art, the efficiency of condensing and collecting water vapor is the key to evaluating the performance of a seawater desalination plant and the efficiency of fresh water production. However, most of the existing interface photothermal evaporation devices are made of photothermal materials, sunlight is absorbed through the top light-transmitting cover plate, the generated water vapor is full of the whole cavity, and is condensed into water drops on the top light-transmitting cover plate, and then the water drops flow back to the fresh water collector, so that the following problems can be caused: the liquid condensed by the water vapor is usually or attached to the light-transmitting cover plate, so that the light transmittance is influenced, and the fresh water production efficiency is seriously influenced; secondly, under ordinary sunlight, the illumination intensity is low, the temperature of interface evaporation is low, the steam generation speed is too slow, and the fresh water production efficiency is also influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a high salinity mine water desalination device based on interface photothermal evaporation, and solves the technical problem of low fresh water production efficiency in the solar interface photothermal evaporation process.
The invention provides a high-salinity mine water desalination device based on interface photothermal evaporation, which comprises a condenser and a desalination assembly, wherein the desalination assembly comprises a seawater cavity, a steam generation cavity, a water purification chamber, a porous photothermal membrane, a condensation sleeve and a water injection pump, the porous photothermal membrane is arranged between the steam generation cavity and the seawater cavity, the steam generation cavity is positioned at the bottom of the seawater cavity, the condensation sleeve is sleeved on the outer surface of the steam generation cavity, and the porous photothermal membrane is arranged between the steam generation cavity and the seawater cavity; the water injection pump is connected with the top of the seawater cavity, and the water purification chamber is connected with the bottom of the steam generation cavity; the desalination assembly is positioned in the illumination gathering direction of the condenser.
Further, the desalination assembly is located at a focal point of the optical concentrator.
Furthermore, a seawater inlet is formed in the top of the seawater cavity, and the water injection pump is connected with the seawater inlet; the bottom of the steam generation cavity is provided with a purified water outlet, and the purified water chamber is connected with the purified water outlet.
Further, still include the level gauge, the level gauge set up in on the sea water cavity.
Further, the steam generating cavity is of an open cylinder structure.
Further, the shell material of the steam generating cavity is stainless steel, aluminum alloy, organic glass or high-strength glass.
Further, the porous photo-thermal membrane has amphipathy, and one hydrophilic surface of the porous photo-thermal membrane is arranged on one side of the seawater cavity; the hydrophobic side of which is mounted on the side of the vapor generation chamber.
Further, the surface of the porous photothermal film with hydrophobicity is coated with a light absorbing material.
Further, the light absorption material is metal nano-ions, a carbon material or a semiconductor material.
Further, the loading of the light absorbing material is 0.1-10g/m 2.
The invention provides a high-salinity mine water desalination device based on interface photothermal evaporation, which mainly comprises a condenser and a desalination assembly, wherein the desalination assembly comprises a seawater cavity, a steam generation cavity, a water purification chamber, a porous photothermal membrane, a condensation sleeve and a water injection pump; the condenser provides illumination for the desalination assembly, the seawater is added into the seawater cavity by the water injection pump, the high-temperature steam is formed by the steam generation cavity through the strong illumination of the condenser, the seawater in the seawater cavity is heated, and the seawater enters the water purification chamber for storage after being evaporated and condensed; the invention utilizes the condenser to enhance the illumination intensity and improve the evaporation efficiency of the photo-thermal material; secondly, the bottom illumination technology is adopted, the high-temperature effect generated by condensation is utilized, the vapor is kept to exist in a gas state, the vapor is cooled by a condensing sleeve filled with circulating cold seawater, the risk that the vapor is condensed at the bottom of the light transmission part is reduced, and the fresh water production efficiency is greatly improved.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, a high salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the high salinity mine water desalination device includes a light collector 1 and a desalination assembly, where the desalination assembly includes a seawater cavity 2, a steam generation cavity 3, a clean water chamber 4, a porous photothermal film, a condensation sleeve 5 and a water injection pump 6, the porous photothermal film is disposed between the steam generation cavity 3 and the seawater cavity 2, the steam generation cavity 3 is located at the bottom of the seawater cavity 2, the condensation sleeve 5 is sleeved on the outer surface of the steam generation cavity 3, and the porous photothermal film is disposed between the steam generation cavity 3 and the seawater cavity 2; the water injection pump 6 is connected with the top of the seawater cavity 2, and the water purification chamber 4 is connected with the bottom of the steam generation cavity 3; the desalination assembly is located in the direction of light collection by the condenser 1. Wherein the desalination assembly is located at the focus of the concentrator 1.
The high-salinity mine water desalination device based on interface photothermal evaporation mainly comprises a condenser 1 and a desalination assembly, wherein the desalination assembly comprises a seawater cavity 2, a steam generation cavity 3, a water purification chamber 4, a porous photothermal film, a condensation sleeve 5 and a water injection pump 6; the condenser 1 provides illumination for the desalination assembly, the seawater is added into the seawater cavity 2 by the water injection pump 6, the high-temperature steam is formed by the steam generation cavity 3 through the intense illumination of the condenser 1, the seawater in the seawater cavity 2 is heated, and the seawater is condensed after being evaporated and enters the purified water chamber for storage; the invention utilizes the condenser to enhance the illumination intensity and improve the evaporation efficiency of the photo-thermal material; secondly, the bottom illumination technology is adopted, the high-temperature effect generated by condensation is utilized, the vapor is kept to exist in a gas state, the condensing sleeve 5 filled with circulating cold seawater is adopted to cool the vapor, the risk that the vapor is condensed at the bottom of the light transmission part is reduced, and the fresh water production efficiency is greatly improved.
Example two:
referring to fig. 1, a high salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the present embodiment further makes the following improved technical solutions on the basis of the above embodiment: the top of the seawater cavity 2 is provided with a seawater inlet 21, and the water injection pump 6 is connected with the seawater inlet 21; the bottom of the steam generating cavity 3 is provided with a purified water outlet 31, and the purified water chamber 4 is connected with the purified water outlet 31.
Through the above further improvement, the present embodiment has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the water injection pump 6 injects seawater from the seawater inlet 21 into the seawater chamber 2, and the condensed water in the steam generation chamber 3 enters the clean water chamber 4 through the clean water outlet 31 to be stored, thereby forming an integrated water purification system.
Example three:
referring to fig. 1, a high salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to a third embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the present embodiment further makes the following improved technical solutions on the basis of the above embodiment: the high-salinity mine water desalting device further comprises a liquid level meter 7, and the liquid level meter 7 is arranged on the seawater cavity 2.
Through the above further improvement, the present embodiment has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the liquid level meter 7 is matched with the water injection pump 6 for use and is used for automatic water supplement of seawater.
Example four:
referring to fig. 1, a high salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the present embodiment further makes the following technical solutions as improvements on the basis of the above embodiment: the steam generating cavity 3 is an open cylinder structure, and the opening is connected to the bottom of the seawater cavity 2; the shell material of the steam generating cavity 3 is stainless steel, aluminum alloy, organic glass or high-strength glass.
Through the above further improvement, the present embodiment has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the bottom has high light transmittance, and the illumination effect and the evaporation effect can be improved, so that the seawater desalination efficiency is improved.
Example five:
referring to fig. 1, a high salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention is shown in the drawing, and on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the present embodiment further provides the following technical solutions as improvements: the porous photo-thermal film has amphipathy, and one hydrophilic surface of the porous photo-thermal film is arranged on one side of the seawater cavity 2; the hydrophobic surface is arranged at one side of the steam generating cavity 3; the porous photothermal film has a hydrophobic surface coated with a light absorbing material.
Through the above further improvement, the present embodiment has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the hydrophilic surface is arranged on one side of the seawater cavity 2 and can convey seawater to the light absorption material; the hydrophobic surface is arranged on one side of the steam generation cavity 3, which can prevent the seawater from completely permeating and improve the quality of seawater desalination.
Example six:
referring to fig. 1, a high salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the present embodiment further makes the following improved technical solutions on the basis of the above embodiment: the light absorption material is metal nano-ions, a carbon material or a semiconductor material; the loading of the light absorbing material is 0.1-10g/m 2.
Through the above further improvement, the present embodiment has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the light absorption effect can be further improved, thereby improving the evaporation efficiency and the fresh water efficiency.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. The high-salinity mine water desalting device based on interface photothermal evaporation is characterized by comprising a condenser (1) and a desalting component, wherein the desalting component comprises a seawater cavity (2), a steam generation cavity (3), a water purification chamber (4), a porous photothermal film, a condensation sleeve (5) and a water injection pump (6), the porous photothermal film is arranged between the steam generation cavity (3) and the seawater cavity (2), the steam generation cavity (3) is positioned at the bottom of the seawater cavity (2), the condensation sleeve (5) is sleeved on the outer surface of the steam generation cavity (3), and the porous photothermal film is arranged between the steam generation cavity (3) and the seawater cavity (2); the water injection pump (6) is connected with the top of the seawater cavity (2), and the water purification chamber (4) is connected with the bottom of the steam generation cavity (3); the desalination assembly is positioned in the light gathering direction of the condenser (1).
2. The high-salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to claim 1, wherein the desalination assembly is located at the focus of the optical collector (1).
3. The high-salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to claim 2, wherein a seawater inlet (21) is arranged at the top of the seawater cavity (2), and the water injection pump (6) is connected with the seawater inlet (21); the bottom of the steam generation cavity (3) is provided with a purified water outlet (31), and the purified water chamber (4) is connected with the purified water outlet (31).
4. The high-salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to claim 3, characterized by further comprising a liquid level meter (7), wherein the liquid level meter (7) is arranged on the seawater cavity (2).
5. The high-salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to claim 4, wherein the steam generation chamber (3) is an open cylindrical structure.
6. The high-salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to claim 5, wherein the shell material of the steam generation cavity (3) is stainless steel, aluminum alloy, organic glass or high-strength glass.
7. The high-salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to claim 6, wherein the porous photothermal membrane has amphiphilicity, and the hydrophilic surface of the porous photothermal membrane is arranged on one side of the seawater cavity (2); the hydrophobic surface is arranged at one side of the steam generating cavity (3).
8. The high-salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to claim 7, wherein the porous photothermal film has a hydrophobic surface coated with a light absorbing material.
9. The high-salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to claim 8, wherein the light absorbing material is a metal nano-ion, a carbon material or a semiconductor material.
10. The high-salinity mine water desalination device based on interfacial photothermal evaporation according to claim 9, wherein the loading amount of the light absorption material is 0.1-10g/m2。
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| CN112340799A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-09 | 北京理工大学 | Double-sided heating type solar photovoltaic/thermal seawater desalination device |
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2021
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Application publication date: 20220325 |