CN114227062A - Welding rod deposited metal, welding rod, preparation method and application of welding rod, welding joint and welding method - Google Patents
Welding rod deposited metal, welding rod, preparation method and application of welding rod, welding joint and welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114227062A CN114227062A CN202111590791.4A CN202111590791A CN114227062A CN 114227062 A CN114227062 A CN 114227062A CN 202111590791 A CN202111590791 A CN 202111590791A CN 114227062 A CN114227062 A CN 114227062A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 10 to 13% Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004021 metal welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3026—Mn as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a welding rod deposited metal, a welding rod, a preparation method and application of the welding rod, a welding joint and a welding method. Depositing metal by using an electrode: 0.35-0.55% of C; mn22.0-26.0%; 3.0-5.0% of Nis; 0.20-0.50% of Si; p is less than or equal to 0.006 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.006 percent; and Fe and 67.938-74.45% of inevitable impurities. The welding rod comprises a coating and a core wire, wherein the coating comprises: 10-15% of marble, 10-15% of fluorite, 35-45% of rutile, 10-15% of feldspar, 5-10% of dolomite, 5-10% of manganese ore, 0.2-1.2% of ferrosilicon and 0.5-2.0% of ferromanganese. The preparation method of the welding rod comprises the following steps: mixing the components of the coating with a binder, coating the core wire with the coating, and baking. The welding rod is suitable for welding high manganese steel (more than 20 wt%) at the ultralow temperature of-166 ℃ and below.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding rods, in particular to a welding rod deposited metal, a welding rod, a preparation method and application thereof, a welding joint and a welding method, and is suitable for an ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) storage and transportation device.
Background
The natural gas is used as an important green energy source and is more and more widely applied in production and life, most of domestic natural gas sources depend on import or mining from deep sea, the transportation and storage of the natural gas are realized by liquefaction under the condition of ultralow temperature (-166 ℃ and below), and strict and special technical requirements are provided for the performance of main materials of storage and transportation devices and the quality of manufacturing processes in order to ensure the long-time safe and stable ultralow-temperature working condition operation.
The greatest safety hazard or risk during operation of the pressure vessel is brittle failure, especially in cold conditions, since in general this form of failure is largely without any forewarning and the consequences can be catastrophic. The fundamental reason for brittle failure is that the material undergoes ductile-brittle transition at low temperature, the toughness of the material is continuously reduced along with the reduction of temperature, when the temperature is reduced below a certain value, the material completely loses toughness, and the material is integrally fractured at a load far lower than the rated design load, and conventional ferrite-type materials (carbon steel, low alloy steel and the like) belong to the category. The austenite type material has relatively low-temperature embrittlement sensitivity, so that similar to LNG and other ultralow-temperature storage and transportation devices, the main material should be an austenite structure series material in principle, but from the viewpoint of material strength design and construction cost, ferrite type 9% nickel steel is always adopted as the main material in engineering, and the matched welding material is an austenite structure series nickel-based alloy.
The whole Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) storage and transportation device is a large-scale welding structure, and a welding joint is the weakest link of the whole device in terms of performance and quality, and the selection of welding materials and the formulation of a welding process in the manufacturing process become the determining factors for whether the whole performance of the storage and transportation device can meet the design and use requirements. The main materials adopted by the construction of the prior domestic and foreign LNG storage and transportation devices are all 9% nickel steel, and in order to meet the technical requirements under the ultralow temperature condition, all matched welding materials are nickel-based alloys, and although the most basic design requirements on engineering can be met in terms of performance, the defects are very obvious: firstly, welding materials and steel materials are heterogeneous, and the difference between chemical components and tissue composition is very large, so that the physical properties of the welding materials and the steel materials are obviously different; secondly, welding materials are expensive, and the manufacturing cost is greatly increased; the mechanical property of the welding seam metal, especially the strength index can only just reach or approach the lower limit of the technical requirement, and basically no margin exists. In recent years, some exploratory work is done abroad on the innovation of main materials for building LNG storage and transportation devices, and certain progress is made, wherein brand-new high manganese steel (the manganese content is more than 20%) for ultralow temperature has good application prospect and practical value on the LNG storage and transportation devices in the aspects of performance and cost, and small-batch trial production of the steel plate is carried out in individual domestic steel mills, and at present, no corresponding matched welding material exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-described drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an electrode deposited metal, an electrode, a method of manufacturing and using the same, a welded joint, and a welding method, which are particularly suitable for welding high manganese steel (manganese content of 20 wt% or more) for ultra-low temperatures of-166 ℃ and below.
In order to achieve the above and other related objects, a first aspect of the present invention provides an electrode deposited metal, comprising the following chemical compositions by mass:
c: 0.35-0.55%, such as 0.35-0.4%, 0.4-0.49%, 0.49-0.52% or 0.52-0.55%;
mn: 22.0-26.0%, such as 22-23%, 23-24.2%, 24.2-25.8% or 25.8-26%;
ni: 3.0-5.0%, such as 3-4%, 4-4.4%, 4.4-4.9% or 4.9-5%;
si: 0.20-0.50%, such as 0.2-0.25%, 0.25-0.34%, 0.34-0.42% or 0.42-0.5%;
p is less than or equal to 0.006 percent, such as 0-0.005 percent or 0.005-0.006 percent;
s is less than or equal to 0.006%, such as 0-0.003%, 0.003-0.004%, 0.004-0.005% or 0.005-0.006%;
fe and inevitable impurities: 67.938-74.45%, such as 67.938-67.942%, 67.942-68.352%, 68.352-70.56%, 70.56-73.39%, 73.39-73.392% or 73.392-74.45%.
The main component of the deposited metal of the welding rod is basically similar to that of a high manganese steel main body material, the aim of homogenizing the welding seam metal and the base metal is fulfilled, and other alloy components are added to adjust the structural stability and the mechanical property of the welding seam metal. The welding rod has the following main components:
carbon (C) is a strong austenitizing element and has obvious solid solution strengthening capacity, and the purpose of adding the carbon (C) is to improve the low-temperature deformation stability of a weld structure and the strength of weld metal. Meanwhile, the range of the solidification temperature of the weld metal is expanded along with the increase of the carbon content, and the weld tends to have crystal cracks, if the carbon content exceeds a certain amount, carbide can be precipitated along a grain boundary, so that the ductility and toughness are greatly reduced. Therefore, the carbon content must be controlled to a certain range
Manganese (Mn) is an austenitizing element, and its strength is weaker than C, Ni, but when the manganese content reaches a certain amount, it can be stably maintained at room temperature or below by the addition of other alloying elements such as C, Ni, and manganese also has a solid solution strengthening effect. However, too high manganese content can cause grain boundary segregation, and grain boundary brittle fracture is likely to occur at low temperature, and toughness is reduced.
The addition of nickel (Ni) which is an important austenitizing element can further increase the stability of a low-temperature austenite structure and can also integrally improve the low-temperature toughness level of the weld metal.
The invention provides a welding rod, which comprises a coating and a core wire, wherein the coating comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10 to 15% of marble such as 10 to 12%, 12 to 14% or 14 to 15%, 10 to 15% of fluorite such as 10 to 13%, 13 to 14% or 14 to 15%, 35 to 45% of rutile such as 35 to 42% or 42 to 45%, 10 to 15% of feldspar such as 10 to 14.6% or 14.6 to 15%, 5 to 10% of dolomite such as 5 to 6.8%, 6.8 to 7.6%, 7.6 to 8% or 8 to 9%, 5 to 10% of manganese ore such as 5 to 6%, 6 to 9.3% or 9.3 to 10%, 0.2 to 1.2% of ferrosilicon such as 0.2 to 0.4%, 0.4 to 0.8% or 0.8 to 1.2%, 0.5 to 2.0% of ferromanganese such as 0.5 to 0.6%, 0.6 to 1%, 1 to 1.6% or 1.6 to 2%.
Preferably, the core wire comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c is 0.30-0.65%; mn is 24.0-26.0%; ni is 4.0-5.0%; 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Si; p is less than or equal to 0.006 percent, such as 0 to 0.003 percent or 0.003 to 0.006 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.006 percent, such as 0-0.002 percent or 0.002-0.006 percent; the Fe content is 68.1-71.55%.
The third aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the welding rod, which comprises the following steps:
a1) mixing the components of the coating with a binder to obtain a mixture;
a2) and coating the mixture on a core wire, and then baking to obtain the welding rod.
Preferably, at least one of the following technical features is also included:
a11) in feature a1), the binder is sodium water glass;
a12) in the characteristic a1), the binder accounts for 20-30% of the total mass of the preparation raw materials;
a21) the characteristic a2) is that the baking temperature is 300-400 ℃, such as 300-350 ℃ or 350-400 ℃.
The fourth aspect of the invention provides the use of the electrode in the welding field.
Preferably, the welding rod is used for welding a steel sheet containing 20 wt% or more of Mn.
The fifth aspect of the invention provides a welding joint obtained by welding with the welding rod.
Preferably, at least one of the following technical features is also included:
b1) using a steel sheet containing 20 wt% or more of Mn as a base material;
b2) the slag system after welding of the welding rod comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by mass:
Al2O3: 5-10%, such as 5-7%, 7-8% or 8-10%;
CaO: 5-15%, such as 5-7%, 7-12% or 12-15%;
CaF2: 5-10%, such as 5-7%, 7-9% or 9-10%;
TiO2: 25 to 35%, such as 25 to 30% or 30 to 35％；
SiO2: 15-25%, such as 15-18%, 18-19%, 19-21% or 21-25%;
K2o: 3-8%, such as 3-4%, 4-5%, 5-6% or 6-8%;
Na2o: 1-5%, such as 1-2% or 2-5%;
MgO: 5-10%, such as 5-6%, 6-9% or 9-10%;
MnO: 5-10%, such as 5-8% or 8-10%.
The slag system (welding rod slag system) after welding of the welding rod mainly comprises minerals, alloys and the like, the technological performance of the welding process is guaranteed, for example, a compact (or few, small to design allowable degree) welding seam is obtained, electric arc is stably burnt, a welding bead is excellent in forming, slag is easy to remove, and the like, and all-position welding is achieved. The welding rod slag system has the following main components:
Al2O3: the main slag former is neutral oxide and is prepared by Al2O3The content of the flux adjusts the melting point and the viscosity of the flux, so that the surface of a welding bead is smooth and the slag removing performance of a slag shell is improved.
CaO: the introduction of marble, main slag former, alkaline oxide and CaO can improve the alkalinity of the welding flux, help to purify weld metal, and simultaneously can adjust the solidification characteristic of slag, so that the slag becomes short slag, further improve the slag removal performance and the forming performance of the welding flux, and the marble is decomposed in the welding process to generate a certain amount of CO2The gas plays a certain role in protecting a molten pool, and simultaneously increases the arc blowing force and improves the all-position welding performance of the welding rod.
CaF2: the slag former reduces the viscosity point of the welding rod slag and increases the fluidity of the welding slag.
MgO: the slag former is added through magnesite or dolomite. MgO can adjust the melting point and viscosity of the welding rod, and magnesite or dolomite decomposes during welding and has the same function as marble.
MnO: the viscosity of the welding slag is reduced, the surface tension of the welding slag is reduced, and the metal forming of a welding seam and the smooth transition of a welding bead and a base metal are improved.
SiO2: the main slagging agent is used for adjusting the viscosity and alkalinity of the welding slag and improving the slag removing performance.
Ferrosilicon and ferromanganese: deoxidizer, purifying weld metal and reducing oxygen content.
The sixth aspect of the invention provides a welding method using the welding rod for welding.
Preferably, a steel sheet containing 20 wt% or more of Mn is used as the base material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1) the welding rod is particularly suitable for high manganese steel (the manganese content is more than 20 wt%) used at the ultralow temperature of-166 ℃;
2) the welding rod has excellent welding process performance, stable welding arc, no air hole, good welding bead forming and easy slag removal, and can realize all-position welding;
3) the deposited metal welding by the welding rod has the following mechanical properties: the tensile strength is more than 800MPa, the yield strength is more than 400MPa, and the elongation is more than 37 percent; the impact absorption work Akv at-196 ℃ is on average greater than 27J.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. It should be understood that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods and reagents of the formulations not specified in the following examples were carried out or configured according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturers.
The test methods for the properties in the following examples are as follows:
method for testing yield strength: part 1 of the GB/T228.1-2010 metallic Material tensile test: room temperature test method.
The test method of tensile strength comprises the following steps: part 1 of the GB/T228.1-2010 metallic Material tensile test: room temperature test method.
Method for testing elongation: part 1 of the GB/T228.1-2010 metallic Material tensile test: room temperature test method.
-196 ℃ average impact absorption work test method: GB/T229-.
Example 1
Base material: HM400 steel sheet (Mn 24.5 wt%) and a sheet thickness of 20 mm.
Welding rods: the welding wire comprises a coating and a welding core, wherein the coating comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 14% of marble, 14% of fluorite, 42% of rutile, 14.6% of feldspar, 8% of dolomite, 6% of manganese ore, 0.4% of ferrosilicon and 1.0% of ferromanganese, wherein the core wire is 0.30% of C; mn is 24.0%; ni is 5.0%; si is 0.15%; p is 0.003%; s is 0.002%; the Fe content is 70.545%; the diameter phi is 4.0 mm.
The preparation method of the welding rod comprises the following steps: mixing the components of the coating with a binder to obtain a mixture; coating the mixture on a core wire, and then baking; wherein the binder is sodium silicate, the dosage of the binder is 25% of the total mass of the components of the coating, and the baking temperature is 350 ℃.
The welding rod deposited metal comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by mass: c is 0.35%; mn is 22.0%; ni is 4.0%; si is 0.25%; p is 0.006%; s is 0.004%; fe and inevitable impurities: 73.39 percent.
The test conditions are as follows: the welding electrode is adopted for welding, the welding device is a manual arc welding machine, and the welding current is 150A.
Welding a joint: obtained by welding with the electrode. The slag system after welding of the welding rod comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3：8％；CaO：12％；CaF2：5％；TiO2：35％；SiO2：18％；K2O：5％；Na2O：2％；MgO：10％；MnO：5％。
Actual measurement results of deposited metal: yield strength 415 MPa; the tensile strength is 805 MPa; elongation 37%; average impact absorption work of 88J at 196 ℃ below zero.
Example 2
Base material: HM400 steel sheet (Mn 24.5 wt%) and a sheet thickness of 20 mm.
Welding rods: the welding wire comprises a coating and a welding core, wherein the coating comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of marble, 10% of fluorite, 45% of rutile, 15% of feldspar, 9% of dolomite, 10% of manganese ore, 0.4% of silicon iron and 0.6% of ferromanganese, wherein the core wire is 0.30% of C; mn is 24.0%; ni is 5.0%; si is 0.15%; p is 0.003%; s is 0.002%; the Fe content is 70.545%; the diameter phi is 4.0 mm.
The preparation method of the welding rod comprises the following steps: mixing the components of the coating with a binder to obtain a mixture; coating the mixture on a core wire, and then baking; wherein the binder is sodium silicate, the dosage of the binder is 25% of the total mass of the components of the coating, and the baking temperature is 350 ℃.
The welding rod deposited metal comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by mass: c is 0.49%; mn is 24.2%; ni is 4.4%; si 0.34%, P0.005%, S0.005%; fe and inevitable impurities: 70.56 percent.
The test conditions were the same as in example 1.
Welding a joint: obtained by welding with the electrode. The slag system after welding of the welding rod comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3：5％；CaO：15％；CaF2：9％；TiO2：35％；SiO2：21％；K2O：3％；Na2O：1％；MgO：6％；MnO：5％。
Actual measurement results of deposited metal: the yield strength is 420 MPa; tensile strength 820 MPa; elongation 36%; average impact absorption work at-196 ℃ of 84J.
Example 3
Base material: HM400 steel sheet (Mn 24.5 wt%) and a sheet thickness of 20 mm.
Welding rods: the welding wire comprises a coating and a welding core, wherein the coating comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15% of marble, 15% of fluorite, 35% of rutile, 15% of feldspar, 7.6% of dolomite, 10% of manganese ore, 0.8% of ferrosilicon and 1.6% of ferromanganese, wherein the core wire is 0.30% of C; mn is 24.0%; ni is 5.0%; si is 0.15%; p is 0.003%; s is 0.002%; the Fe content is 70.545%; the diameter phi is 4.0 mm.
The preparation method of the welding rod comprises the following steps: mixing the components of the coating with a binder to obtain a mixture; coating the mixture on a core wire, and then baking; wherein the binder is sodium silicate, the dosage of the binder is 25% of the total mass of the components of the coating, and the baking temperature is 350 ℃.
The welding rod deposited metal comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by mass: c is 0.52%; mn is 25.8%; ni is 4.9%; si is 0.42%; p is 0.005%; s is 0.003%; fe and inevitable impurities: 68.352 percent.
The test conditions were the same as in example 1.
Welding a joint: obtained by welding with the electrode. The slag system after welding of the welding rod comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3：10％；CaO：5％；CaF2：10％；TiO2：35％；SiO2：15％；K2O：6％；Na2O：2％；MgO：9％；MnO：8％。
Actual measurement results of deposited metal: the yield strength is 420 MPa; tensile strength 840 MPa; elongation 36%; average impact absorption work at-196 ℃ of 97J.
Example 4
Base material: HM400 steel sheet (Mn 24.5 wt%) and a sheet thickness of 20 mm.
Welding rods: the welding wire comprises a coating and a welding core, wherein the coating comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 12% of marble, 13% of fluorite, 45% of rutile, 15% of feldspar, 5% of dolomite, 9.3% of manganese ore, 0.2% of ferrosilicon and 0.5% of ferromanganese, wherein the core wire is 0.30% of C; mn is 24.0%; ni is 5.0%; si is 0.15%; p is 0.003%; s is 0.002%; the Fe content is 70.545%; the diameter phi is 4.0 mm.
The preparation method of the welding rod comprises the following steps: mixing the components of the coating with a binder to obtain a mixture; coating the mixture on a core wire, and then baking; wherein the binder is sodium silicate, the dosage of the binder is 25% of the total mass of the components of the coating, and the baking temperature is 350 ℃.
The welding rod deposited metal comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by mass: c is 0.40%; mn is 23.0%; ni is 3.0%; si is 0.20%; p is 0.005%; s is 0.003%; fe and inevitable impurities: 73.392 percent.
The test conditions were the same as in example 1.
Welding a joint: obtained by welding with the electrode. The welding rodThe welded slag system comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3：5％；CaO：15％；CaF2：7％；TiO2：25％；SiO2：25％；K2O：4％；Na2O：5％；MgO：6％；MnO：8％。
Actual measurement results of deposited metal: yield strength 405 MPa; tensile strength 810 MPa; elongation 41%; average impact absorption work at-196 ℃ of 95J.
Example 5
Base material: HM400 steel sheet (Mn 24.5 wt%) and a sheet thickness of 20 mm.
Welding rods: the welding wire comprises a coating and a welding core, wherein the coating comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15% of marble, 15% of fluorite, 45.0% of rutile, 10% of feldspar, 6.8% of dolomite, 5% of manganese ore, 1.2% of ferrosilicon and 2.0% of ferromanganese, wherein the core wire is 0.30% of C; mn is 24.0%; ni is 5.0%; si is 0.15%; p is 0.003%; s is 0.002%; the Fe content is 70.545%; the diameter phi is 4.0 mm.
The preparation method of the welding rod comprises the following steps: mixing the components of the coating with a binder to obtain a mixture; coating the mixture on a core wire, and then baking; wherein the binder is sodium silicate, the dosage of the binder is 25% of the total mass of the components of the coating, and the baking temperature is 350 ℃.
The welding rod deposited metal comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by mass: c is 0.55%; mn is 26.0%; ni is 5.0%; si is 0.50%; p is 0.005%; s is 0.003%; fe and inevitable impurities: 67.942 percent.
The test conditions were the same as in example 1.
Welding a joint: obtained by welding with the electrode. The slag system after welding of the welding rod comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by mass: al (Al)2O3：7％；CaO：7％；CaF2：7％；TiO2：30％；SiO2：19％；K2O：8％；Na2O：2％；MgO：10％；MnO：10％。
Actual measurement results of deposited metal: the yield strength is 430 MPa; the tensile strength is 850 MPa; elongation 38%; average impact absorption work at-196 ℃ of 110J.
The above examples are intended to illustrate the disclosed embodiments of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, various modifications of the methods and compositions set forth herein, as well as variations of the methods and compositions of the present invention, will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. While the invention has been specifically described in connection with various specific preferred embodiments thereof, it should be understood that the invention should not be unduly limited to such specific embodiments. Indeed, various modifications of the above-described embodiments which are obvious to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. The welding rod deposited metal is characterized by comprising the following chemical compositions in percentage by mass:
C：0.35～0.55％；
Mn：22.0～26.0％；
Ni：3.0～5.0％；
Si：0.20～0.50％；
P≤0.006％；
S≤0.006％；
fe and inevitable impurities: 67.938-74.45%.
2. The welding rod is characterized by comprising a coating and a core wire, wherein the coating comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-15% of marble, 10-15% of fluorite, 35-45% of rutile, 10-15% of feldspar, 5-10% of dolomite, 5-10% of manganese ore, 0.2-1.2% of ferrosilicon and 0.5-2.0% of ferromanganese.
3. The welding electrode as defined in claim 2, wherein said core wire comprises the following components in mass percent: c is 0.30-0.65%; mn is 24.0-26.0%; ni is 4.0-5.0%; 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Si; p is less than or equal to 0.006 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.006%; the Fe content is 68.1-71.55%.
4. The method for preparing an electrode as defined in claim 2 or 3, comprising the steps of:
a1) mixing the components of the coating with a binder to obtain a mixture;
a2) and coating the mixture on a core wire, and then baking to obtain the welding rod.
5. The method for preparing an electrode as defined in claim 4, further comprising at least one of the following technical features: a11) in feature a1), the binder is sodium water glass;
a12) in the characteristic a1), the binder accounts for 20-30% of the total mass of the preparation raw materials;
a21) the characteristic a2) is that the baking temperature is 300-400 ℃.
6. Use of the electrode according to claim 2 or 3 in the field of welding.
7. Use of the welding electrode as defined in claim 6, wherein said welding electrode is used for welding steel sheets containing 20 wt% or more of Mn.
8. A weld joint obtained by welding using the welding electrode as defined in claim 2 or 3.
9. The weld joint of claim 8, further comprising at least one of the following technical features:
b1) using a steel sheet containing 20 wt% or more of Mn as a base material;
b2) the slag system after welding of the welding rod comprises the following chemical compositions in percentage by mass:
Al2O3：5～10％；
CaO：5～15％；
CaF2：5～10％；
TiO2：25～35％；
SiO2：15～25％；
K2O：3～8％；
Na2O：1～5％；
MgO：5～10％；
MnO：5～10％。
10. a welding method characterized in that the welding method uses the welding electrode described in claim 2 or 3 for welding.
11. The welding method according to claim 10, wherein a steel sheet containing 20 wt% or more of Mn is used as the base material.
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