CN112894197A - Manual arc welding electrode for ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel - Google Patents
Manual arc welding electrode for ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3073—Fe as the principal constituent with Mn as next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention relates to a manual electric arc welding electrode for ultralow-temperature high manganese steel. The technical scheme is as follows: the manual electric arc welding electrode consists of an electrode core and a coating; the chemical components of the welding rod core are as follows: c is 0.75-0.95 wt%; mn accounts for 26-30 wt%; ni is 4.5-6.5 wt%; 1.5-3.5 wt% of Cr; 3.5-5.5 wt% of Al; p is less than or equal to 0.002 wt%; s is less than or equal to 0.002 wt%; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. The chemical components of the coating are as follows: 40-45 wt% of fluorite; 15-20 wt% of marble; 4-10 wt% of rutile; 3-6 wt% of zircon sand; 1-2 wt% of soda ash; the balance being Fe powder. The preparation method of the manual electric arc welding electrode comprises the following steps: the welding rod for the manual arc welding of the ultralow-temperature high manganese steel is prepared by mixing the chemical components of the coating, adding the binder, uniformly stirring and press-coating the mixture on the surface of the welding rod core. The invention has low cost and simple alloy system; the formed weld metal has the characteristics of ultralow temperature and high toughness, and the strength of the weld metal is matched with that of ultralow temperature high manganese steel.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention belongs to the field of manual welding electrode technology. In particular to a manual electric arc welding electrode for ultralow-temperature high manganese steel.
Background
Steel for storage and transportation containers such as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is generally stored at a low temperature of-196 ℃, and the steel for commercial LNG storage tanks at present is 9Ni steel, and since 9% nickel content steel plates are expensive. The method has the advantages that high safety is required for the steel for LNG storage and transportation key materials, meanwhile, the construction cost is reduced, the development of the Ni-reduced steel plate is realized to become an important development direction of low-temperature steel, and the nickel-saving type low-temperature steel is developed at home and abroad successively. In recent years, high manganese steels (having a Mn content of 24 to 26 wt%) have been drawing attention because of their low cost and excellent ductility and toughness in order to reduce the production cost of steels for LNG tanks and the dependence on high-priced nickel elements. Compared with the existing common nickel alloy and ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel, the welding performance is better, the cost price is only 70-80% of that of nickel alloy steel, and the ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel becomes a preferred material for replacing 9Ni steel, so that the nickel alloy and ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel has a larger market prospect.
When the ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel is used for manufacturing LNG (liquefied natural gas) and other storage and transportation containers, the manual arc welding is a main domestic connection method and accounts for more than 80-90% of the total connection process. The patent technology of 'a low-hydrogen type electrode for ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel manual electric arc welding' (201910008172.6) provides an electric welding rod technology, and the component system of a welding rod core is as follows: 0.30 to 0.75 wt% of C, 20 to 26 wt% of Mn, 6.5 to 8.5 wt% of Ni, 3.0 to 5.5 wt% of Cr, 2.5 to 4.0 wt% of W, not more than 0.002 wt% of P, not more than 0.001 wt% of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. When the manual welding electrode adopting the technology is used for welding, because the resistance of the welding electrode core is higher, serious tail red occurs when the welding electrode is used to half. The red tail of the welding rod causes the coating to expand and crack, the protection and the chemical metallurgy effect of the coating cannot be achieved, the welding cannot be continued, the operation manufacturability of the welding rod is deteriorated, and the welding seam forming and the related mechanical property are finally influenced. The patent technology of 'ultra-low temperature high manganese steel arc welding electrode and preparation method' (202010456712.X) provides an electric welding electrode technology, and the component system of an electrode core is as follows: 0.30-0.75 wt% of C, 19-25 wt% of Mn, 3.5-5.5 wt% of Ni, 3.0-5.5 wt% of Cr, 3.5-5.5 wt% of Mo, 2.5-4.0 wt% of W, less than or equal to 0.010 wt% of P, less than or equal to 0.006 wt% of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. Although the components are adjusted and Mo element is added, the tail red phenomenon is still serious, the operation manufacturability is deteriorated due to the tail red, and the problems of finally influencing the welding seam forming and the mechanical property still exist. At present, no related technology without welding tail red matched with ultralow-temperature high manganese steel and no public report of welding rod products exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and aims to provide the manual electric arc welding electrode for the ultralow-temperature high manganese steel, which has low cost and simple alloy component system, has no welding tail red, and can form weld metal with excellent low-temperature toughness, the strength of the weld metal is matched with that of the ultralow-temperature high manganese steel, and the technical requirements on the strength and the ultralow-temperature toughness of the welded ultralow-temperature high manganese steel can be met.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the manual electric arc welding electrode consists of 70-80 wt% of an electrode core and 20-30 wt% of a coating.
The welding rod core comprises the following chemical components: c is 0.75-0.95 wt%; mn accounts for 26-30 wt%; ni is 4.5-6.5 wt%; 1.5-3.5 wt% of Cr; 3.5-5.5 wt% of Al; p is less than or equal to 0.002 wt%; s is less than or equal to 0.002 wt%; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The chemical components of the coating are as follows: 40-45 wt% of fluorite; 15-20 wt% of marble; 4-10 wt% of rutile; 3-6 wt% of zircon sand; 1-2 wt% of soda ash; the balance being Fe powder.
The preparation method of the manual arc welding electrode for the ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel comprises the following steps of: the method comprises the steps of firstly mixing the chemical components of the coating, then adding a binder accounting for 10-13 wt% of the chemical components of the coating, uniformly stirring, and then coating the binder on the surface of a welding rod core in a pressing manner to obtain the manual arc welding rod for the ultralow-temperature high manganese steel.
The purity of the fluorite is more than or equal to 99 percent; the particle size of fluorite is less than or equal to 0.3 mm.
The purity of the marble is more than or equal to 99 percent; the granularity of the marble is less than or equal to 0.3 mm.
The purity of the rutile is more than or equal to 99 percent; the particle size of the rutile is less than or equal to 0.3 mm.
The purity of the zircon sand is more than or equal to 99 percent; the granularity of the zircon sand is less than or equal to 0.3 mm.
The purity of the sodium carbonate is more than or equal to 99 percent; the particle size of the sodium carbonate is less than or equal to 0.3 mm.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
compared with the prior art, the alloy elements adopted by the invention have lower Ni content and Cr content, do not contain Mo element and W element, only increase Al element with low price, and simultaneously reduce the components of the coating. Therefore, the alloy has low content price, simple alloy component system and low preparation cost.
The invention adds aluminum element in the core wire alloy system, the aluminum element is a light element, the relative density is 2.70, and the invention has good electric and heat conductivity and low price. The aluminum element is added into the welding rod core, so that the conductivity of the whole welding rod core can be greatly improved, and the resistance heat is reduced, thereby eliminating the red tail of the welding rod. When the aluminum content is too low, the conductivity is insufficient; when the aluminum content is too high, low-temperature toughness deteriorates. Therefore, the aluminum content in the welding rod core is 3.5-5.5 wt%, the problems of red welding rod tail and coating spalling caused by the red welding rod tail due to the high-manganese welding core are thoroughly solved, and the operation manufacturability of the manual electric arc welding rod for ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel is ensured. Meanwhile, the addition of aluminum does not obviously increase the cost of alloy raw materials.
The content of Mn, which is a main alloy element, is 26-30 wt%, and the content of the formed weld metal is equivalent to that of the ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel, so that a component system basically identical to that of the base metal is ensured, and the distribution gradient of the Mn element is not generated when a welding joint is formed, so that the microstructure and the mechanical property near a fusion line are ensured to be equivalent to those of the weld metal and the base metal.
In the invention, the manganese element and the carbon element are austenite forming elements, and under the combined action of the manganese element and the carbon element, the weld metal molten pool takes an austenite phase as a solidification initial phase and is kept to room temperature to form weld metal with a full austenite structure. When the content of carbon in the welding seam is too low, the yield strength of the welding seam metal is not enough, and when the content of carbon is too high, coarse carbides are generated in the welding seam to influence the toughness. When the manganese content is too low, a single austenite structure is not formed sufficiently; if the manganese content is too high, the tensile strength is lowered. Meanwhile, the high-manganese low-nickel alloy system is formed by replacing expensive nickel with manganese, so that the core of the welding rod contains 0.75-0.95 wt% of C and 26-30 wt% of Mn, an austenite structure is ensured, good ultralow-temperature toughness is obtained, and the cost is reduced.
Nickel is also an austenite forming element, but too high a content increases cost, and too low a content affects weld austenite stability. Therefore, the Ni content in the welding rod core is 4.5-6.5 wt%, so that the full austenite structure is ensured, the good ultralow-temperature toughness is obtained, and meanwhile, the lower element cost is also ensured.
The Cr element plays a role in solid solution strengthening in the high manganese austenite welding seam metal. When the Cr element is too high, the low-temperature toughness is reduced while the strength is improved; when the amount is too low, the solid solution strengthening effect is not obtained. Therefore, the Cr content in the welding rod core is 1.5-3.5 wt%, and the metal strength of the welding line can be improved on the premise of ensuring certain low-temperature toughness.
In the invention, the existence of impurity elements of sulfur and phosphorus enables weld metal to generate liquefaction cracks and reheating cracks, so the content of the sulfur and phosphorus elements is strictly controlled as follows: p is less than or equal to 0.002 wt% and S is less than or equal to 0.002 wt%. By purifying the molten steel, the P and S contents of the welding wire are reduced to the minimum, and the welding seam is ensured to have lower hot crack sensitivity.
The fluorite and the marble are added to form the combined protection effect of the slag gas. The hydrogen hole removing effect of fluorite is very obvious, and the hydrogen content in the weld metal is reduced along with the increase of the fluorite content. The marble can be used for gas making and slag making. The decomposed gas can improve the spraying force on molten drops, reduce splashing, generate CaO, stabilize electric arc and have good desulfurization capability. In addition, when the ratio of fluorite to marble is between 1 and 2, the welding operation manufacturability is best, the electric arc is stable, the splashing is small, and the welding seam is well formed. Therefore, the content of fluorite and the content of marble in the coating are 40-45 wt% and 15-20 wt%, so that good welding operation manufacturability and weld forming are ensured, and all-position weldability is ensured.
In addition, the coating contains rutile and zircon sand in a component system, and is used for adjusting the melting point and viscosity of the slag and improving the all-position operability. Therefore, the content of rutile in the coating is 4-10 wt%, the content of zircon sand is 3-6 wt%, and the all-position weldability is improved. The addition of the soda ash mainly ensures the press coating property of the welding rod, so that the content of the soda ash in the coating is 1-2 wt%, the better press coating property is ensured, and the surface quality of the manual electric arc welding rod for the ultralow-temperature high manganese steel is improved.
The chemical component system adopted by the invention enables the weld metal structure to be fully austenitic, and ensures that the weld metal has excellent ultralow-temperature toughness and sufficient strength. Meanwhile, the chemical component system of the invention ensures that the welding core has better conductivity, thoroughly solves the problem of red tail of the welding rod caused by using the high-manganese welding core and ensures the operation manufacturability of the welding rod. The chemical component system of the coating adopted by the invention has the advantages of stable electric arc, small splashing, strong desulfurization capability, small hydrogen content, good surface forming and excellent welding process performance.
The manual electric arc welding electrode for the ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel is used for welding the ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel, and weld metal forms a full austenite structure, so that excellent ultralow-temperature toughness is ensured, and the impact energy at-196 ℃ is 80-115J; sufficient strength is also ensured: the yield strength is 420-460 MPa, the tensile strength is 610-725 MPa, the elongation A is 37-42%, and the mechanical property requirement and the ultra-low temperature toughness requirement of the ultra-low temperature high manganese steel are met.
Therefore, the invention has low preparation cost and simple alloy component system; the welding has no tail red, and the operation manufacturability of the welding rod is excellent; the formed weld metal has the characteristics of ultralow temperature and high toughness, the strength is matched with that of the ultralow temperature high manganese steel, and the welded joint has the mechanical properties of high strength and excellent ultralow temperature toughness and can meet the technical requirements on the strength and the ultralow temperature toughness of the welded ultralow temperature high manganese steel.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments, without limiting its scope.
A manual arc welding electrode for ultralow temperature high manganese steel. The manual electric arc welding electrode of the embodiment comprises 70-80 wt% of an electrode core and 20-30 wt% of a coating.
The welding rod core comprises the following chemical components: c is 0.75-0.95 wt%; mn accounts for 26-30 wt%; ni is 4.5-6.5 wt%; 1.5-3.5 wt% of Cr; 3.5-5.5 wt% of Al; p is less than or equal to 0.002 wt%; s is less than or equal to 0.002 wt%; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The chemical components of the coating are as follows: 40-45 wt% of fluorite; 15-20 wt% of marble; 4-10 wt% of rutile; 3-6 wt% of zircon sand; 1-2 wt% of soda ash; the balance being Fe powder.
The preparation method of the manual arc welding electrode for the ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel comprises the following steps of: the method comprises the steps of firstly mixing the chemical components of the coating, then adding a binder accounting for 10-13 wt% of the chemical components of the coating, uniformly stirring, and then coating the binder on the surface of a welding rod core in a pressing manner to obtain the manual arc welding rod for the ultralow-temperature high manganese steel.
The purity of the fluorite is more than or equal to 99 percent.
The purity of the marble is more than or equal to 99 percent.
The purity of the rutile is more than or equal to 99 percent.
The purity of the zircon sand is more than or equal to 99 percent.
The purity of the sodium carbonate is more than or equal to 99 percent.
The ultralow-temperature high manganese steel comprises the following chemical components: c is 0.40-0.50 wt%; 0.10-0.20 wt% of Si; mn is 20-28 wt%; n is 0.01-0.08 wt%; p is less than or equal to 0.005 wt%; s is less than or equal to 0.003 wt%. The mechanical properties of the 25Mn ultralow-temperature steel are as follows: the yield strength is more than or equal to 400 MPa; the tensile strength is more than or equal to 660 MPa; the elongation A is more than or equal to 35 percent; impact energy A at-196 DEG Ckv≥54J。
In this embodiment:
the granularity of fluorite is less than or equal to 0.3 mm;
the granularity of the marble is less than or equal to 0.3 mm;
the particle size of the rutile is less than or equal to 0.3 mm;
the granularity of the zircon sand is less than or equal to 0.3 mm;
the particle size of the sodium carbonate is less than or equal to 0.3 mm;
the manual arc welding electrode of the embodiment has the diameter of phi 3.2mm, and adopts a manual arc welding method to weld ultra-low temperature high manganese steel with the thickness of 16 mm; the groove type of the test plate of the ultra-low temperature high manganese steel is X-shaped, and the angle of a single-side groove is 30 degrees.
The detailed description is omitted in the embodiments.
Example 1
A manual arc welding electrode for ultralow temperature high manganese steel. The manual arc welding electrode of this example was comprised of 70 wt% core wire and 30 wt% coating.
The welding rod core comprises the following chemical components: c is 0.95 wt%; mn is 30 wt%; ni is 6.5 wt%; 2.5 wt% of Cr; 5.5 wt% of Al; p is 0.002 wt%; s is 0.001 wt%; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The chemical components of the coating are as follows: 45 wt% of fluorite; 20 wt% of marble; 10 wt% of rutile; 6 wt% of zircon sand; 2 wt% of soda ash; the balance being Fe powder.
The preparation method of the manual arc welding electrode for the ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel comprises the following steps of: firstly, preparing materials according to the chemical components of the coating, mixing, then adding a binder accounting for 10 wt% of the chemical components of the coating, uniformly stirring, and then coating the binder on the surface of the welding rod core in a pressing manner to obtain the manual arc welding electrode for the ultralow-temperature high manganese steel.
The purity of the fluorite is 99.5%.
The purity of the marble was 99.4%.
The rutile has a purity of 99.4%.
The purity of the zircon sand is 99.5 percent.
The purity of the soda ash is 99.5%.
The ultralow-temperature high manganese steel comprises the following chemical components: c is 0.40 wt%; si is 0.20 wt%; mn is 28 wt%; n is 0.04 wt%; p is 0.005 wt%; s is 0.003 wt%. The mechanical properties of the 25Mn ultralow-temperature steel are as follows: the yield strength is 408 MPa; the tensile strength is 660 MPa; the elongation A is 44%; impact energy A at-196 DEG CkvIs 62J.
The welded weld metal microstructure and mechanical properties of the embodiment are detected and analyzed: the weld metal is a full austenite structure, and the weld metal not only ensures excellent ultralow-temperature toughness, but also has 82J impact energy at-196 ℃; sufficient strength is also ensured: the yield strength is 460MPa, the tensile strength is 720MPa, the elongation A is 38%, and the mechanical property requirement and the ultra-low temperature toughness requirement of the ultra-low temperature high manganese steel are realized.
Example 2
A manual arc welding electrode for ultralow temperature high manganese steel. The manual arc welding electrode of this example was comprised of 75 wt% core wire and 25 wt% coating.
The welding rod core comprises the following chemical components: c is 0.85 wt%; mn is 28 wt%; ni is 5.5 wt%; 2.5 wt% of Cr; al is 4.5 wt%; p is 0.001 wt%; s is 0.002 wt%; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The chemical components of the coating are as follows: 43 wt% fluorite; 18 wt% of marble; rutile is 7 wt%; 4.5 wt% of zircon sand; soda ash is 1.5 wt%; the balance being Fe powder.
The preparation method of the manual arc welding electrode for the ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel comprises the following steps of: firstly, preparing materials according to the chemical components of the coating, mixing, then adding a binder accounting for 11.5 wt% of the chemical components of the coating, uniformly stirring, and then pressing and coating the binder on the surface of the electrode core to obtain the manual arc welding electrode for the ultralow-temperature high manganese steel.
The purity of the fluorite is 99.2%.
The purity of the marble was 99.1%.
The rutile has a purity of 99.3%.
The purity of the zircon sand is 99.2%.
The purity of the sodium carbonate is 99 percent.2.
The ultralow-temperature high manganese steel comprises the following chemical components: c is 0.50 wt%; si is 0.15 wt%; mn is 24 wt%; n is 0.08 wt%; p is 0.004 wt%; s is 0.002 wt%. The mechanical properties of the 25Mn ultralow-temperature steel are as follows: the yield strength is 420 MPa; the tensile strength is 680 MPa; the elongation A is 42 percent; impact energy A at-196 DEG CkvIs 58J.
The welded weld metal microstructure and mechanical properties of the embodiment are detected and analyzed: the weld metal is a full austenite structure, so that excellent ultralow-temperature toughness is ensured, and the impact energy at-196 ℃ is 95J; sufficient strength is also ensured: the yield strength is 440MPa, the tensile strength is 655MPa, the elongation A is 40 percent, and the mechanical property requirement and the ultra-low temperature toughness requirement of the ultra-low temperature high manganese steel are realized.
Example 3
A manual arc welding electrode for ultralow temperature high manganese steel. The manual arc welding electrode of this example was comprised of 80 wt% core wire and 20 wt% coating.
The welding rod core comprises the following chemical components: c is 0.75 wt%; mn is 26 wt%; ni is 4.5 wt%; cr is 1.5 wt%; al is 3.5 wt%; p is 0.001 wt%; s is 0.001 wt%; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The chemical components of the coating are as follows: 40 wt% of fluorite; 15 wt% of marble; 5 wt% of rutile; zircon sand 3.5 wt%; 1 wt% of soda ash; the balance being Fe powder.
The preparation method of the manual arc welding electrode for the ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel comprises the following steps of: firstly, preparing materials according to the chemical components of the coating, mixing, then adding a binder accounting for 13 wt% of the chemical components of the coating, uniformly stirring, and then pressing and coating the binder on the surface of the welding rod core to obtain the manual arc welding electrode for the ultralow-temperature high manganese steel.
The purity of the fluorite is 99%.
The purity of the marble was 99%.
The rutile has a purity of 99%.
The purity of the zircon sand is 99%.
The purity of the soda ash is 99%.
The ultralow-temperature high manganese steel comprises the following chemical components: c is 0.45 wt%; si is 0.10 wt%; mn is 20 wt%; n is 0.015 wt%; p is 0.003 wt%; s is 0.002 wt%. The mechanical properties of the 25Mn ultralow-temperature steel are as follows: the yield strength is 435 MPa; the tensile strength is 620 MPa; the elongation A is 40 percent; impact energy A at-196 DEG CkvIs 54J.
The welded weld metal microstructure and mechanical properties of the embodiment are detected and analyzed: the weld metal is in an austenite structure, so that excellent ultralow-temperature toughness is ensured, and the impact energy at-196 ℃ is 113J; sufficient strength is also ensured: the yield strength is 420MPa, the tensile strength is 620MPa, the elongation A is 42 percent, and the mechanical property requirement and the ultra-low temperature toughness requirement of the ultra-low temperature high manganese steel are realized.
Compared with the prior art, the specific implementation mode has the following positive effects:
in the alloy elements adopted by the embodiment, compared with the prior art, the alloy has lower Ni content and Cr content, does not contain Mo element and W element, only adds Al element with low price, and simultaneously reduces the components of the coating. Therefore, the alloy has low content price, simple alloy component system and low preparation cost.
The embodiment adds aluminum element in the core wire alloy system, the aluminum element is a light element, the relative density is 2.70, and the core wire alloy system has good electric conduction and heat conduction performance and low price. The aluminum element is added into the welding rod core, so that the conductivity of the whole welding rod core can be greatly improved, and the resistance heat is reduced, thereby eliminating the red tail of the welding rod. When the aluminum content is too low, the conductivity is insufficient; when the aluminum content is too high, low-temperature toughness deteriorates. Therefore, the aluminum content in the welding rod core is 3.5-5.5 wt%, the problems of red welding rod tail and coating spalling caused by the red welding rod tail due to the high-manganese welding core are thoroughly solved, and the operation manufacturability of the manual electric arc welding rod for ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel is ensured. Meanwhile, the addition of aluminum does not obviously increase the cost of alloy raw materials.
The content of Mn, which is a main alloy element, adopted by the embodiment is 26-30 wt%, and the content of the formed weld metal is equivalent to that of the manganese of the ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel, so that a component system basically identical to that of the base metal is ensured, and the distribution gradient of the manganese element is not generated when a welding joint is formed, so that the microstructure and the mechanical property near a fusion line are equivalent to those of the weld metal and the base metal.
In the embodiment, the manganese element and the carbon element are austenite forming elements, and under the combined action of the manganese element and the carbon element, the weld metal molten pool takes an austenite phase as a solidification initial phase and is kept to room temperature, so that the weld metal with a full austenite structure is formed. When the content of carbon in the welding seam is too low, the yield strength of the welding seam metal is not enough, and when the content of carbon is too high, coarse carbides are generated in the welding seam to influence the toughness. When the manganese content is too low, a single austenite structure is not formed sufficiently; if the manganese content is too high, the tensile strength is lowered. Meanwhile, the embodiment replaces expensive nickel with manganese to form a high-manganese low-nickel alloy system, so that the core of the welding rod contains 0.75-0.95 wt% of C and 26-30 wt% of Mn, an austenite structure is ensured, good ultralow-temperature toughness is obtained, and the cost is reduced.
Nickel is also an austenite forming element, but too high a content increases cost, and too low a content affects weld austenite stability. Therefore, the Ni content in the welding rod core of the embodiment is 4.5-6.5 wt%, so that the full austenite structure is ensured, the good ultralow-temperature toughness is obtained, and meanwhile, the lower element cost is also ensured.
The Cr element plays a role in solid solution strengthening in the high manganese austenite welding seam metal. When the Cr element is too high, the low-temperature toughness is reduced while the strength is improved; when the amount is too low, the solid solution strengthening effect is not obtained. Therefore, the Cr content in the welding rod core of the embodiment is 1.5-3.5 wt%, and the metal strength of the welding line can be improved on the premise of ensuring certain low-temperature toughness.
In the embodiment, the existence of the impurity elements of sulfur and phosphorus enables the weld metal to generate a liquefaction crack and a reheating crack, so the embodiment strictly controls the contents of the sulfur and phosphorus elements: p is less than or equal to 0.002 wt% and S is less than or equal to 0.002 wt%. By purifying the molten steel, the P and S contents of the welding wire are reduced to the minimum, and the welding seam is ensured to have lower hot crack sensitivity.
Fluorite and marble are added in the concrete embodiment, and the effect of slag gas combined protection is achieved. The hydrogen hole removing effect of fluorite is very obvious, and the hydrogen content in the weld metal is reduced along with the increase of the fluorite content. The marble can be used for gas making and slag making. The decomposed gas can improve the spraying force on molten drops, reduce splashing, generate CaO, stabilize electric arc and have good desulfurization capability. In addition, when the ratio of fluorite to marble is between 1 and 2, the welding operation manufacturability is best, the electric arc is stable, the splashing is small, and the welding seam is well formed. Therefore, the content of fluorite and the content of marble in the coating of the embodiment are 40-45 wt% and 15-20 wt%, so that better welding operation manufacturability and weld forming are ensured, and all-position weldability is ensured.
In addition, the coating of the present embodiment contains rutile and zircon sand in the component system, and is used to adjust the melting point and viscosity of the slag, thereby improving the all-position operability. Therefore, the content of rutile in the coating of the embodiment is 4-10 wt%, and the content of zircon sand is 3-6 wt%, so that the all-position weldability is improved. The addition of the soda ash mainly ensures the press coating property of the welding rod, so that the content of the soda ash in the coating of the specific embodiment is 1-2 wt%, better press coating property is ensured, and the surface quality of the welding rod is improved.
The chemical component system adopted by the embodiment enables the weld metal structure to be fully austenitic, and not only ensures that the weld metal has excellent ultralow-temperature toughness and sufficient strength. Meanwhile, the chemical composition system of the embodiment enables the welding core to have better conductivity, thoroughly solves the problem of red tail of the welding rod caused by using the high-manganese welding core, and ensures the operation manufacturability of the welding rod. The coating chemical component system adopted by the specific embodiment has the advantages of stable electric arc, small splashing, strong desulfurization capability, small hydrogen content, good surface forming and excellent welding process performance.
The manual electric arc welding electrode for the ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel prepared by the embodiment is used for welding the ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel, and weld metal forms a full austenite structure, so that excellent ultralow-temperature toughness is ensured, and the impact energy at-196 ℃ is 80-115J; sufficient strength is also ensured: the yield strength is 420-460 MPa, the tensile strength is 610-725 MPa, the elongation A is 37-42%, and the mechanical property requirement and the ultra-low temperature toughness requirement of the ultra-low temperature high manganese steel are met.
Therefore, the preparation cost of the embodiment is low, and the alloy component system is simple; the welding has no tail red, and the operation manufacturability of the welding rod is excellent; the formed weld metal has the characteristics of ultralow temperature and high toughness, the strength is matched with that of the ultralow temperature high manganese steel, and the welded joint has the mechanical properties of high strength and excellent ultralow temperature toughness and can meet the technical requirements on the strength and the ultralow temperature toughness of the welded ultralow temperature high manganese steel.
Claims (6)
1. A manual electric arc welding electrode for ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel is characterized by comprising 70-80 wt% of an electrode core and 20-30 wt% of a coating;
the welding rod core comprises the following chemical components: 0.75-0.95 wt% of C, 26-30 wt% of Mn, 4.5-6.5 wt% of Ni, 1.5-3.5 wt% of Cr, 3.5-5.5 wt% of Al, less than or equal to 0.002 wt% of P, less than or equal to 0.002 wt% of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities;
the chemical components of the coating are as follows: 40-45 wt% of fluorite, 15-20 wt% of marble, 4-10 wt% of rutile, 3-6 wt% of zircon sand, 1-2 wt% of soda and the balance of Fe powder;
the preparation method of the manual arc welding electrode for the ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel comprises the following steps of: the method comprises the steps of firstly mixing the chemical components of the coating, then adding a binder accounting for 10-13 wt% of the chemical components of the coating, uniformly stirring, and then coating the binder on the surface of a welding rod core in a pressing manner to obtain the manual arc welding rod for the ultralow-temperature high manganese steel.
2. A manual arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel according to claim 1, characterized in that the purity of said fluorite is not less than 99%, and the particle size of the fluorite is not more than 0.3 mm.
3. A manual arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel according to claim 1, characterized in that the purity of the marble is not less than 99%, and the grain size of the marble is not more than 0.3 mm.
4. A manual arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel according to claim 1, characterized in that the purity of the rutile is greater than or equal to 99%, and the particle size of the rutile is less than or equal to 0.3 mm.
5. A manual arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel according to claim 1, wherein the purity of said zircon sand is not less than 99%, and the grain size of said zircon sand is not more than 0.3 mm.
6. A manual arc welding electrode for ultra-low temperature high manganese steel according to claim 1, characterized in that the purity of soda ash is not less than 99%, and the particle size of soda ash is not more than 0.3 mm.
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| CN113458654A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-01 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel welding wire, welding rod and preparation method thereof |
| CN113547254A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-26 | 武汉铁锚焊接材料股份有限公司 | Arc welding electrode for ultralow-temperature high-manganese steel |
| CN114193025A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-18 | 武汉科技大学 | High-manganese welding rod special for 25% Mn steel overhead welding |
| CN114227062A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-25 | 锦州公略焊接技术有限公司 | Welding rod deposited metal, welding rod, preparation method and application of welding rod, welding joint and welding method |
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| CN114193025A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-18 | 武汉科技大学 | High-manganese welding rod special for 25% Mn steel overhead welding |
| CN115121992A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-09-30 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | AC/DC efficient welding rod for welding high-manganese austenite low-temperature steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN115121992B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2024-01-19 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | AC/DC efficient welding rod for welding high-manganese austenitic low-temperature steel and preparation method thereof |
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