CN112222679B - Low-nickel high-strength high-toughness gas-shielded solid welding wire - Google Patents
Low-nickel high-strength high-toughness gas-shielded solid welding wire Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-nickel high-strength high-toughness gas-shielded solid welding wire which comprises, by mass, 0.04-0.09% of C, 0.30-0.60% of Si, 1.6-1.80% of Mn, 0.6-1.0% of Ni, 0.20-0.40% of Cr, 0.50-0.65% of Mo, 0.20-0.40% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, less than or equal to 0.010% of P, 0.04-0.10% of Ti, 0.03-0.07% of V, less than or equal to 0.020% of Al, less than or equal to 0.30% of unavoidable impurity content, and the balance of Fe, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of the components is 100%. The welding wire belongs to a Cr-Ni-Cu low alloy system, has high purity and relatively low production cost, ensures high strength and high toughness, and has excellent corrosion resistance and low-temperature impact toughness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding materials, and particularly relates to a low-nickel high-strength high-toughness gas-shielded solid welding wire.
Background
With the development of national economy and modern industry, the demand of China for developing ocean resources is increasingly enhanced. However, compared with countries in Europe, America, Japan and Korean, the development of marine engineering in China is late, D, E and F-grade steel plates with yield strength of 355-460MPa are mainly used, the strength of the steel is not high, the specification is incomplete, the corrosion resistance is poor, the matching process is incomplete, and the capability of independently developing marine resources in China is limited. With the development of marine resources to deep sea and polar regions, the marine engineering equipment has a remarkable trend of deep hydration and large scale, the service environment is worse, the structural form is more complex, and the development of marine steel towards high strength, high toughness, easy weldability, good corrosion resistance, large thickness and large specification is promoted. China is used as a main global maritime work equipment manufacturing large country, the maritime work equipment manufacturing industry is large and weak, products are low-end, varieties and specifications of matched materials are not complete, particularly the localization degree of large-thickness corrosion-resistant ultrahigh-strength maritime work steel matched welding materials is low, and nearly 70% of high-end maritime work welding materials still need to be imported. Therefore, the development of a marine steel welding material which is suitable for large thickness, high strength, high toughness, high purity, ultralow hydrogen and corrosion resistance is urgently needed.
In recent years, domestic steel enterprises (such as Bao steel, Wu steel, saddle steel and the like) have achieved great achievement in the aspect of Q690-grade high-strength marine steel development, and Bao steel has already tried to manufacture modulation rack steel with the maximum thickness of 178 mm. However, the development and development of domestic matched welding materials is far behind that of steel products, the development of domestic marine engineering equipment is limited, and particularly, the high-strength high-toughness high-corrosion-resistance domestic welding materials for welding large thick plates become the most independent short plates in the domestic chemical equipment manufacturing industry. At present, high-strength welding materials used by domestic maritime work equipment are provided by foreign well-known welding material enterprises, such as Olympic, Berle, Lincoln, Isa, Shen Steel, Xinri iron and the like, and 690 MPa-level maritime work series welding materials released by the high-strength welding materials are widely applied at home and abroad. The imported welding material has good welding operation process performance, attractive weld formation and easy operation for welders, and particularly has outstanding low-temperature impact toughness resistance and weld repair rate, but the price is high and the delivery cycle is long. The domestic high-strength and high-toughness welding materials of welding material enterprises and scientific research institutes have certain research results, such as domestic THJ807RH, GEL-118 welding rods and GFR-110K3 gas shielded flux-cored wires for welding Q690E-grade steel plates (the maximum thickness can reach 100mm), but the domestic high-strength marine welding materials have certain difference with imported welding materials in the welding process.
Because of the increasingly severe service environment, welding materials in marine equipment must have good corrosion resistance, and in addition, the welding seam metal has low cold crack sensitivity, thereby ensuring to meet the requirement of high strength, improving the toughness of the welding seam metal and a heat affected zone and having lower dilution rate. In addition, in order to reduce the dead weight and bear high pressure, low-alloy high-strength steel is generally adopted, so the design of welding materials also meets the requirements of low alloy high strength and high toughness. In addition, the welding member needs to be in service at low temperature, the content of diffused hydrogen of a welding bead is required to be lower so as to prevent hydrogen-induced cracks, and the welding material is required to have better low-temperature impact resistance.
How to provide a welding material meeting the requirements becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a low-nickel high-strength high-toughness gas shielded solid welding wire, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, has the advantages of high strength, high toughness, low nickel content, high purity, good corrosion resistance, and the like, is suitable for the fields of ocean engineering, bridge construction, petrochemical industry, and the like, and provides a corresponding welding method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a low-nickel high-strength high-toughness gas-shielded solid welding wire comprises, by mass, 0.04-0.09% of C, 0.30-0.60% of Si, 1.6-1.80% of Mn, 0.6-1.0% of Ni, 0.20-0.40% of Cr, 0.50-0.65% of Mo, 0.20-0.40% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, less than or equal to 0.010% of P, 0.04-0.10% of Ti, 0.03-0.07% of V, less than or equal to 0.020% of Al, less than or equal to 0.30% of unavoidable impurity elements, and the balance Fe, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of the components is 100%.
Preferably, the alloy comprises the following alloy components, by mass, 0.08% of C, 0.40% of Si, 1.70% of Mn, 0.95% of Ni, 0.38% of Cr, 0.60% of Mo, 0.35% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, less than or equal to 0.010% of P, 0.06% of Ti, 0.05% of V, less than or equal to 0.020% of Al, less than or equal to 0.30% of unavoidable impurity elements, and the balance of Fe, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of the components is 100%.
Preferably, the mass fraction of Ni is controlled to 0.8-1.0%.
Preferably, the mass fraction of Ti is controlled to 0.06-0.10%.
The invention also provides the application of the low-nickel high-strength high-toughness gas shielded solid welding wire in the welding of steel for ocean engineering, petrochemical engineering and bridge construction.
The invention also provides application of the low-nickel high-strength high-toughness gas-shielded solid welding wire in welding of Q690-grade high-strength marine steel.
Preferably, 80% of Ar and 80% of CO are adopted by volume percentage2The argon-rich gas mixture, which accounts for 20%, is used as a shielding gas for welding.
Preferably, the welding parameters are: the current is 260-300A, the voltage is 27-30V, the welding speed is 35-45cm/min, the welding bead temperature is 120-170 ℃, and the flow of the protective gas is 15-22L/min. Tests prove that when the welding is carried out under the condition, the electric arc is stable, the welding seam is formed excellently, the welding spatters less, and the toughness performance of the welding seam is good.
The welding wire adopts the solid solution strengthening and fine grain strengthening effects of C, Mn, Si and Mo to ensure the strength of the welding seam; the low-temperature impact toughness of the weld metal is improved by using Ni, the combined action of Mo and Ti promotes the formation of uniform fine-grained ferrite tissues in austenite crystals, and the low-temperature impact toughness of the weld metal can also be effectively improved; the atmospheric corrosion resistance of the welding seam is ensured through the interaction of Cr-Ni-Cu alloy elements, and on the basis, the combined action of Mo elements obviously reduces the welding seam corrosion rate and improves the atmospheric corrosion resistance.
Wherein, C: carbon is an essential element in alloy steel, and can ensure the metal strength of a welding seam; as the carbon content increases, the strength and hardness of the weld metal increases, but too high a C element increases the hardenability of the structure, and increases both the crystal cracking of the weld and the cold cracking tendency of the welded joint. Therefore, the content of C in the welding wire is controlled to be 0.04-0.09%.
Si: silicon is a common deoxidizing element, plays a role in solid solution strengthening and can improve the strength of weld metal; however, the increase of the silicon content can embrittle the weld metal and affect the low-temperature impact toughness of the weld. The content of Si in the welding wire is controlled to be 0.30-0.60%.
Mn: manganese is an austenite stabilizing element, shifting the austenite phase to lower temperatures. Mn can be used as a deoxidizer on one hand and plays a role in solid solution strengthening and grain refinement on the other hand. The increase of Mn content can not only improve the volume fraction of acicular ferrite in weld metal, reduce the metal amount of proeutectoid ferrite, but also refine pearlite grains in the weld and fibrous tissues consisting of coarse crystal areas and fine crystal areas of acicular ferrite, and improve the strength and hardenability of the weld. In the invention, the content of Mn is controlled to be 1.60-1.80%.
Cr: the chromium element can improve the content of acicular ferrite in the weld joint, reduce the content of proeutectoid ferrite and refine ferrite grains, thereby improving the strength and the toughness. The enrichment of Cr element is beneficial to refining the crystal grains of the rust layer, improving the corrosion potential of the rust layer, hindering the model machine dissolution reaction of the weathering steel and improving the atmospheric corrosion resistance, but the Cr content is too high, which can cause the embrittlement of weld metal. Therefore, the content of Cr in the present invention is controlled to be 0.20 to 0.40%.
Mo: molybdenum element can improve the strength of weld metal through solid solution strengthening on one hand, and promotes the formation of acicular ferrite through the transformation temperature of austenite on the other hand. The content of Mo in the invention is controlled to be 0.50-0.65%.
Ni: the nickel element can improve the strength of the steel and is beneficial to maintaining good plasticity and toughness. Ni is an element for delaying austenite formation, and the content of Ni is increased in a certain range, so that the low-temperature impact toughness of the weld metal can be enhanced. Ni can form a compact oxide film between the rust layer and the matrix to prevent oxygen and water in the atmosphere from permeating into the metal matrix, thereby improving the atmospheric corrosion resistance of the welding line. However, Ni is a relatively expensive alloy element, the proportion of the whole alloy element in the weld metal is fully considered, and the Ni in the deposited metal is less than 1 percent, so that the excellent comprehensive performance can be effectively realized, and the cost is greatly reduced.
Ti: titanium is a strong oxidizing element, has strong affinity with O, N, can effectively deoxidize and reduce free nitrogen in a welding line, and the generated nitrogen and oxide of Ti have higher melting points and can become the nucleation core of ferrite, thereby promoting the generation of acicular ferrite in crystal, refining crystal grains and effectively improving the low-temperature impact toughness. In the invention, the content of Ti is controlled to be 0.04-0.10%.
Cu: the copper element can reduce the speed of electrons flowing to the cathode region by delaying the anodic dissolution of Fe or reducing the conductivity of the rust layer, thereby obviously improving the corrosion resistance of the weld metal. Cu improves the strength of the welding seam in a solid solution strengthening mode, reduces the initial transformation temperature of the acicular ferrite, and improves the content of the acicular ferrite, thereby improving the strength and the toughness of the welding seam. A small amount of copper can be enriched in austenite, and the low-temperature stability of the copper can be improved.
P, S: sulfur and phosphorus are detrimental elements because sulfur/phosphide inclusions can both serve as a starting point for hydrogen-induced cracking and are also prone to stress corrosion cracking along the inclusion boundaries. However, due to the limitation of process conditions, S and P cannot be completely avoided, so the present invention is based on the pure weld material design idea, and is limited as follows: s is less than or equal to 0.005 percent and P is less than or equal to 0.010 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the low-nickel high-strength high-toughness gas-shielded solid welding wire has the following advantages:
the welding wire belongs to a Cr-Ni-Cu low alloy system, has high purity and relatively low production cost, ensures high strength and high toughness, and has excellent corrosion resistance and low-temperature impact toughness. Tests show that the welding wire is used for welding 690MPa strength weathering steel, the tensile strength of a welded seam is more than or equal to 770MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 690MPa, the impact energy reaches more than 90J at the temperature of minus 40 ℃, the impact absorption energy reaches more than 70J at the temperature of minus 60 ℃, and the corrosion rate of deposited metal of the welding wire after being periodically infiltrated for 100 hours is less than or equal to 1.2 multiplied by 10-6g/mm2H, has good low-temperature impact toughness and corrosion resistance.
The welding wire has high strength and high toughness because the deposited metal is a mixture of acicular ferrite and lower bainite through micro-alloying under the condition of low nickel. And the micro-alloying component design enables the production cost of the welding wire to be relatively reduced.
The welding wire is suitable for Q690E-grade steel products in ocean engineering, petrochemical engineering, bridge construction and the like.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, technical terms used in the following examples have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The test reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional biochemical reagents; the experimental methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The low-nickel high-strength high-toughness gas shielded solid welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.08 percent of C, 0.40 percent of Si, 1.70 percent of Mn, 0.95 percent of Ni, 0.38 percent of Cr, 0.60 percent of Mo, 0.35 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P, 0.06 percent of Ti, 0.05 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of Al, the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.30 percent.
The diameter of the welding wire is phi 1.2mm, the volume percentage of Ar accounts for 80 percent, and CO2And (3) welding by using 20% of argon-rich mixed gas as protective gas, wherein the welding current is 260A, the voltage is 27V, the welding speed is 36cm/min, the welding bead temperature is 150 ℃, and the flow of the protective gas is 15L/min.
The periodic infiltration corrosion test is implemented according to HB5194-1981 standard, the infiltration time is 100h, and the corrosion rate of deposited metal is tested.
The tensile strength of the welded weld metal is 799MPa, the yield strength is 722MPa, the impact toughness reaches 121J at minus 40 ℃, the impact absorption power reaches 75J at minus 60 ℃, and the corrosion rate of the deposited metal of the welding wire is 1.2 multiplied by 10 after the welding wire is periodically infiltrated for 100 hours-6g/mm2.h。
Example 2
The low-nickel high-strength high-toughness gas-shielded solid welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.08 percent of C, 0.40 percent of Si, 1.70 percent of Mn, 0.95 percent of Ni, 0.38 percent of Cr, 0.60 percent of Mo, 0.35 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P, 0.06 percent of Ti, 0.05 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of Al, the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.30 percent.
The diameter of the welding wire is phi 1.2mm, the volume percentage of Ar accounts for 80 percent, and CO2And (3) welding by using 20% of argon-rich mixed gas as protective gas, wherein the welding current is 280A, the voltage is 28V, the welding speed is 40cm/min, the welding bead temperature is 150 ℃, and the flow of the protective gas is 15L/min.
The periodic infiltration corrosion test is implemented according to HB5194-1981 standard, the infiltration time is 100h, and the corrosion rate of deposited metal is tested.
The tensile strength of the welded weld metal is 785MPa, the yield strength is 716MPa, the impact absorption power at-40 ℃ reaches 115J, the impact absorption power at-60 ℃ reaches 73J, and the corrosion rate of the welding wire deposited metal after 100h of periodic infiltration is 1.18 multiplied by 10-6g/mm2.h。
Example 3
The low-nickel high-strength high-toughness gas-shielded solid welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.08 percent of C, 0.40 percent of Si, 1.70 percent of Mn, 0.95 percent of Ni, 0.38 percent of Cr, 0.60 percent of Mo, 0.35 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P, 0.06 percent of Ti, 0.05 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of Al, the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the content of the inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.30 percent.
The diameter of the welding wire is phi 1.2mm, the volume percentage of Ar accounts for 80 percent, and CO2And (3) welding by using 20% of argon-rich mixed gas as protective gas, wherein the welding current is 300A, the voltage is 30V, the welding speed is 40cm/min, the welding bead temperature is 160 ℃, and the flow of the protective gas is 15L/min.
The periodic infiltration corrosion test is implemented according to HB5194-1981 standard, the infiltration time is 100h, and the corrosion rate of deposited metal is tested.
The tensile strength of the welded weld metal is 775MPa, the yield strength is 696MPa, the impact toughness reaches 90J at minus 40 ℃, the impact absorption power reaches 70J at minus 60 ℃, and the corrosion rate of the welding wire deposited metal after the periodic infiltration for 100h is 1.1 multiplied by 10-6g/mm2.h。
Example 4
The low-nickel high-strength high-toughness gas shielded solid welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.09% of C, 0.50% of Si, 1.65% of Mn, 1.0% of Ni, 0.35% of Cr, 0.58% of Mo, 0.40% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, less than or equal to 0.010% of P, 0.065% of Ti, 0.05% of V, less than or equal to 0.020% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of the inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.30%.
The diameter of the welding wire is phi 1.2mm, the volume percentage of Ar accounts for 80 percent, and CO2And (3) welding by using 20% of argon-rich mixed gas as protective gas, wherein the welding current is 260A, the voltage is 28V, the welding speed is 40cm/min, the welding bead temperature is 130 ℃, and the flow of the protective gas is 15L/min.
The periodic infiltration corrosion test is implemented according to HB5194-1981 standard, the infiltration time is 100h, and the corrosion rate of deposited metal is tested.
The tensile strength of the welded seam metal is 815MPa, the yield strength is 730MPa, the impact toughness at minus 40 ℃ reaches 112J, the impact absorption power at minus 60 ℃ reaches 72J, and the corrosion rate of the deposited metal of the welding wire is 1.13 multiplied by 10 after the welding wire is periodically infiltrated for 100h- 6g/mm2.h。
Example 5
The low-nickel high-strength high-toughness gas shielded solid welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.07% of C, 0.55% of Si, 1.80% of Mn, 0.95% of Ni, 0.40% of Cr, 0.61% of Mo, 0.30% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, less than or equal to 0.010% of P, 0.06% of Ti, 0.05% of V, less than or equal to 0.020% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the content of the inevitable impurities is less than or equal to 0.30%.
The diameter of the welding wire is phi 1.2mm, the volume percentage of Ar accounts for 80 percent, and CO2And (3) welding by using 20% of argon-rich mixed gas as protective gas, wherein the welding current is 280A, the voltage is 30V, the welding speed is 40cm/min, the welding bead temperature is 150 ℃, and the flow of the protective gas is 15L/min.
The periodic infiltration corrosion test is implemented according to HB5194-1981 standard, the infiltration time is 100h, and the corrosion rate of deposited metal is tested.
The tensile strength of the welded weld metal is 792MPa, the yield strength is 709MPa, the impact toughness reaches 115J at minus 40 ℃ and the impact absorption power reaches more than 72J at minus 60 ℃, and the corrosion rate of the welding wire deposited metal after the welding wire is periodically infiltrated for 100 hours is 1.15 multiplied by 10-6g/mm2.h。
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A low-nickel high-strength high-toughness gas shielded solid welding wire is characterized in that: the alloy comprises, by mass, 0.04-0.09% of C, 0.30-0.60% of Si, 1.6-1.80% of Mn, 0.6-1.0% of Ni, 0.20-0.40% of Cr, 0.50-0.65% of Mo, 0.20-0.40% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, less than or equal to 0.010% of P, 0.04-0.10% of Ti, 0.03-0.07% of V, less than or equal to 0.020% of Al, less than or equal to 0.30% of unavoidable impurities, and the balance Fe, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of the components is 100%.
2. The low-nickel, high-strength, high-toughness gas-shielded solid welding wire according to claim 1, wherein: the alloy comprises, by mass, 0.08% of C, 0.40% of Si, 1.70% of Mn, 0.95% of Ni, 0.38% of Cr, 0.60% of Mo, 0.35% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.005% of S, less than or equal to 0.010% of P, 0.06% of Ti, 0.05% of V, less than or equal to 0.020% of Al, less than or equal to 0.30% of unavoidable impurities, and the balance Fe, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of the components is 100%.
3. The low-nickel, high-strength, high-toughness gas-shielded solid welding wire according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: the mass fraction of Ni is controlled to be 0.8-1.0%.
4. The low-nickel, high-strength, high-toughness gas-shielded solid welding wire according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: the mass fraction of Ti is controlled between 0.06 percent and 0.10 percent.
5. The use of the low-nickel, high-strength, high-toughness gas-shielded solid welding wire according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for welding steel for use in ocean engineering, petrochemical engineering, and bridge construction.
6. The use of the low-nickel, high-strength, high-toughness, gas-shielded solid welding wire according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for welding Q690-grade high-strength marine steel.
7. Use according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: adopts the components of 80 percent of Ar and 80 percent of CO by volume percentage2The argon-rich gas mixture, which accounts for 20%, is used as a shielding gas for welding.
8. Use according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: welding parameters are as follows: the current is 260-300A, the voltage is 27-30V, the welding speed is 35-45cm/min, the welding bead temperature is 120-170 ℃, and the flow of the protective gas is 15-22L/min.
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| CN112958945A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-15 | 天津市金桥焊材集团股份有限公司 | 800 MPa-grade high-toughness submerged-arc welding material with low nickel content |
| CN112935624B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-12-02 | 天津市金桥焊材集团股份有限公司 | Aluminum-control low-slag gas-protection solid welding wire for automobile industry |
| CN114769804A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-07-22 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Gas shielded welding method for 890-grade ultrahigh-strength marine board |
| CN115302126A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2022-11-08 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Jepa-grade high-strength high-toughness argon tungsten-arc welding material for ocean engineering and application thereof |
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