CN114226236B

CN114226236B - Building rubbish sorting device

Info

Publication number: CN114226236B
Application number: CN202111561520.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林春微
Original assignee: Taihe County Luyuan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Taihe County Luyuan Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-20
Filing date: 2021-12-20
Publication date: 2023-05-23
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-20
Also published as: CN114226236A

Abstract

The invention discloses a building rubbish sorting device, which relates to the technical field of building rubbish sorting treatment and comprises a sorting box, wherein the sorting box is provided with: the material distribution assembly comprises a material distribution column which is arranged in the middle of the sorting box in a rotating manner, an exhaust box which is fixedly connected with the sorting box is coaxially arranged in the material distribution column, the material distribution column is connected with a driving gear through a gear transmission mechanism, two sides of the material distribution column are respectively connected with a sieve plate with a plurality of sieve holes on the surface through telescopic mechanisms, when the material distribution column rotates, the two sieve plates are respectively far away from the material distribution column to form a temporary opening channel, and after the material distribution column rotates for half a circle, the sieve plates return to an initial position and are propped against the outer wall of the material distribution column. When the invention sorts the construction waste, the sundries such as plastic bags and the like can be collected in a concentrated way while the formation of dust is reduced, the continuity is high, and the sieving and refining effects are good.

Description

Building rubbish sorting device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building rubbish classification treatment, in particular to a building rubbish sorting device.

Background

The construction waste is mainly divided into five types: land excavation garbage, road excavation garbage, old building demolition garbage, building construction garbage and building material production garbage are advanced along with the urban process, and solid waste building garbage becomes a chronic disease of social development. In order to avoid pollution of the construction waste to the environment, the construction waste needs to be crushed and sorted in time.

The sorting device can screen and process the crushed construction waste to obtain new reusable resources, and the crushed waste can obtain various substances such as concrete blocks, bricks, fine sand, plastic bags, cement bags and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, plastic bags are separated from construction waste so as to be inconvenient to collect intensively and a large amount of dust can be raised to pollute the environment, and provides a construction waste sorting device.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a building rubbish sorting device, includes the letter sorting case, be equipped with on the letter sorting case:

the motor is fixedly connected with a driving gear at the output end of the motor;

the bin is provided with a bin door in a sliding manner at one side of the bin, which is close to the sorting bin, and the bin door is provided with an opening and closing mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the bin door;

the material distribution assembly comprises a material distribution column which is arranged in the middle of the sorting box in a rotating manner, an exhaust box which is fixedly connected with the sorting box is coaxially arranged in the material distribution column, the material distribution column is connected with a driving gear through a gear transmission mechanism, two sides of the material distribution column are respectively connected with a sieve plate with a plurality of sieve holes on the surface through telescopic mechanisms, when the material distribution column rotates, the two sieve plates are respectively far away from the material distribution column to form a temporary opening channel, and after the material distribution column rotates for half a circle, the sieve plates return to an initial position and are propped against the outer wall of the material distribution column.

Preferably, a plurality of partition plates are arranged at the bottom in the sorting box, the partition plates divide the interior of the sorting box into two first sorting chambers, two second sorting chambers and a third sorting chamber, the first sorting chambers are positioned at two ends of the sorting box, the second sorting chambers are positioned below the sieve plates, and the third sorting chambers are positioned below the material separating columns.

Preferably, the opening and closing mechanism comprises a rack fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the box door and meshed with the driving gear, and a reset spring is connected between the box door and the hopper.

Preferably, the cross section of the material distributing column is regular quadrangle, and a plurality of evenly distributed perforations are formed in the four outer side walls of the material distributing column.

Preferably, the air extraction end of the air extraction box is arranged upwards, and the air exhaust end of the air extraction box is arranged downwards.

Preferably, the gear transmission mechanism comprises a gear ring fixedly arranged at the end part of the material distribution column and meshed with the driving gear, the driving gear is an incomplete gear, and the number of effective teeth on the driving gear is half of that of the gear ring.

Preferably, the sieve plate is obliquely arranged, and one end of the sieve plate, which is close to the material separating column, is positioned at a high position.

Preferably, the telescopic mechanism comprises a connecting rod fixedly arranged at one end of the sieve plate close to the material distributing column, a pressing column is fixedly arranged on the connecting rod, an elliptical chute is formed in the end part of the material distributing column, and the pressing column is movably connected with the elliptical chute.

Preferably, the center of the elliptical chute coincides with the rotation axis of the material separating column, and the long axis of the elliptical chute coincides with the connecting lines of two diagonal vertexes of the section of the material separating column respectively.

Preferably, the inner wall of the sorting box is provided with two groups of symmetrically arranged grooves, the side wall of the sieve plate is fixedly provided with a supporting block which is in sliding connection with the grooves, the bottom of the supporting block is provided with arc-shaped protrusions, and wavy grooves are formed in the bottoms in the grooves.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. according to the invention, the material separating column and the sieve plate are arranged, after the hopper discharges, mixed garbage falls on the material separating column, broken stone and brick with larger mass fall on the sieve plate, the plastic bag is absorbed on the material separating column by the suction force of the suction box, the material separating column is driven to rotate by the motor, so that the sieve plate moves outwards at two sides, meanwhile, the plastic bag falls above the third sorting chamber along with the rotation of the material separating column, the plastic bag is collected in a concentrated manner by the blowing force of the suction box and the gravity of the plastic bag, and meanwhile, the broken stone and the brick are subjected to secondary screening on the inclined sieve plate, so that the broken stone passes through the sieve holes to enter the second sorting chamber, and the brick and the large stone enter the first sorting chamber, thereby completing screening, and solving the problem that the plastic bag separated from the construction garbage in the prior art is inconvenient to collect in a concentrated manner.

2. Through setting up the rack on drive gear and the chamber door, can realize opening the chamber door automatically after the branch material post divides the material to accomplish, the mixed rubbish in the messenger's hopper pours into the letter sorting incasement once more, closes the chamber door through reset spring after pouring certain rubbish into, realizes the purpose of automatic feeding, makes the continuity of sorting device work better.

3. Through setting up the exhaust-gas tank, can make the plastic bag adsorb on the branch bin through the suction on the one hand, on the other hand can adsorb the dust that produces when sorting, produce a large amount of dust to the pollution of environment when effectively reducing rubbish letter sorting, solved among the prior art and utilized the mode of raising to sort the different rubbish of quality and can raise a large amount of dust pollution to the environment's problem.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a construction waste sorting device according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a construction waste sorting device according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a material separating column in the construction waste sorting device according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a positional relationship between a material separating column and an air extracting box in the construction waste sorting device according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a feeding state of the construction waste sorting device according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a sorting state of the construction waste sorting device according to the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a screen plate in the construction waste sorting device according to the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a sorting bin in the construction waste sorting device according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. sorting boxes; 2. a motor; 3. a hopper; 4. a material distribution component; 5. a drive gear; 6. a door; 7. a material separating column; 8. an exhaust box; 9. a sieve plate; 10. a sieve pore; 11. a rack; 12. a return spring; 13. perforating; 14. a gear ring; 15. a connecting rod; 16. a pressing column; 17. an elliptical chute; 18. slotting; 19. a support block; 20. arc-shaped bulges; 21. a groove; 22. a partition board.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-2, a construction waste sorting apparatus includes a sorting bin 1, and the sorting bin 1 is provided with:

the motor 2 is a servo motor and is used as driving power of the device, and the output end of the motor 2 is fixedly connected with a driving gear 5;

the material distributing assembly 4, the material distributing assembly 4 comprises a material distributing column 7 which is arranged in the middle of the sorting box 1 in a rotating manner.

Referring to fig. 3-4, the cross section of the material separating column 7 is regular quadrangle, the initial state of the material separating column 7 is that the diagonal line of the cross section is in a vertical state, when mixed garbage is poured into the sorting box 1, broken stone bricks roll down along the upward two side edges of the material separating column 7, a plurality of evenly distributed perforations 13 are formed in the four outer side walls of the material separating column 7, an extraction box 8 fixedly connected with the sorting box 1 is coaxially arranged in the material separating column 7, sundries such as plastic bags in protection and garbage are adsorbed on the surface of the material separating column 7 through the perforations 13 by suction force generated by the extraction box 8, at the moment, the broken stone bricks and the plastic bags can be separated, dust in the sorting process can be adsorbed by suction force of the extraction box 8, and environmental pollution caused by dust scattered into the air is reduced.

Referring to fig. 4, the air extraction end of the air extraction box 8 is arranged upwards, and the air exhaust end is arranged downwards, so that when the plastic bags are poured into the sorting box 1, the plastic bags are adsorbed by the surface of the material separation column 7, and when the material separation column 7 is turned over, the plastic bags can be quickly blown down for collection.

Referring to fig. 5-6, the material separating column 7 is connected with the driving gear 5 through a gear transmission mechanism, the motor 2 drives the driving gear 5 to rotate, the material separating column 7 is overturned through the gear transmission mechanism to finish the operation of sorting and collecting plastics, the screen plates 9 with a plurality of screen holes 10 formed in the surfaces are connected to the two sides of the material separating column 7 through telescopic mechanisms, the screen holes 10 can carry out secondary sorting on broken stones and bricks rolled down by the material separating column 7, small broken stones and large stones needing to be crushed are screened, and through the telescopic mechanisms, the screen plates 9 can be far away from the material separating column 7 when the material separating column 7 overturns, and enough passing space is reserved for plastic bags adsorbed on the material separating column 7.

Referring to fig. 5-6, when the material separating column 7 rotates, two sieve plates 9 are far away from the material separating column 7 to form a temporary opening channel, at this time, plastic bag sundries are adsorbed on the material separating column 7 under the action of the air extracting box 8, rotate together with the material separating column 7 and come below the material separating column 7, after the material separating column 7 rotates for half a circle, the sieve plates 9 return to the initial position to abut against the outer wall of the material separating column 7, and the plastic bag below the material separating column 7 is not subjected to the suction force of the air extracting box 8 at this time, becomes the blowing force of the air outlet end of the air extracting box 8, and blows off and collects the plastic bag.

This building rubbish sorting device still is equipped with hopper 3, and the bottom surface of hopper 3 inclines to letter sorting case 1 one side, and the mixed rubbish of being convenient for falls into letter sorting case 1 under the action of gravity, and hopper 3 is close to letter sorting case 1 one side and slides and be provided with chamber door 6, is equipped with the mechanism that opens and shuts that is used for controlling chamber door 6 to open and shut on the chamber door 6, opens and shuts mechanism control chamber door 6 through opening and shutting, realizes that hopper 3 carries out automatic feed to letter sorting incasement 1, improves the continuity of device.

When the construction waste sorting device is used, the hopper 3 is controlled to feed through the opening and closing mechanism, then mixed waste rolls down onto the sieve plate 9 through the material separating column 7, and as sundries such as plastic bags are large in size and light in weight and are adsorbed on the surface of the material separating column 7, broken stone bricks roll down onto the sieve plate 9 to be separated secondarily, the plastic bags and raised dust are collected under the material separating column 7 in a concentrated mode through rotating the material separating column 7, broken stone is separated according to size through the sieve holes 10, the box door 6 is opened again to feed, sorting continuity is improved, and the construction waste sorting device is convenient to use.

Referring to fig. 5-6, the gear transmission mechanism comprises a gear ring 14 fixedly arranged at the end part of the material separating column 7 and meshed with the driving gear 5, the driving gear 5 is an incomplete gear, the number of effective teeth on the driving gear 5 is half of the number of the effective teeth of the gear ring 14, when the driving gear 5 rotates, the gear ring 14 can be driven to rotate only when the effective teeth act, and when the driving gear 5 rotates for one circle, the material separating column 7 completes 180-degree overturning along with the gear ring 14, the material separating column 7 completes overturning, and plastic bags are convenient to separate and collect.

Referring to fig. 5-6, the opening and closing mechanism includes a rack 11 fixedly disposed at the bottom end of the bin door 6 and engaged with the driving gear 5, the bin door 6 is located above the driving gear 5, when the driving gear 5 drives the gear ring 14 to rotate, the effective teeth of the driving gear 5 do not necessarily act with the rack 11, the bin door 6 cannot be opened, no mixed garbage supplementing material enters at this time due to a gap between the screen plate 9 and the distributing column 7, when the effective teeth of the driving gear 5 are disengaged from the gear ring 14 and rotate above, the distributing column 7 and the screen plate 9 reset and offset, at this time, the driving gear 5 drives the rack 11 to move laterally, so that the bin door 6 is opened, the mixed garbage in the hopper 3 enters the sorting bin 1, the supplementing material is completed, a reset spring 12 is connected between the bin door 6 and the hopper 3, and the bin door 6 is closed under the effect of the reset spring 12 after the effective teeth of the driving gear 5 are disengaged from the rack 11.

Referring to fig. 3, 5 and 6, the telescopic mechanism comprises a connecting rod 15 fixedly arranged at one end of the sieve plate 9 close to the material separating column 7, a pressing column 16 is fixedly arranged on the connecting rod 15, an elliptical sliding groove 17 is formed at the end part of the material separating column 7, the pressing column 16 is movably connected with the elliptical sliding groove 17, when the material separating column 7 rotates, the side wall of the elliptical sliding groove 17 presses the pressing column 16 to enable the sieve plate 9 to change positions, the center of the elliptical sliding groove 17 coincides with the rotation axis of the material separating column 7, the long axis of the elliptical sliding groove 17 coincides with the connecting line of two diagonal vertexes of the section of the material separating column 7 respectively, and due to the arrangement of the long and short axes of the elliptical sliding groove 17, when the material separating column 7 rotates, the long axis of the elliptical sliding groove 17 is changed from a vertical state to a horizontal state to enable the sieve plate 9 to be far away, and the elliptical sliding groove 17 is changed back to a vertical state to enable the sieve plate 9 to reset.

Referring to fig. 5-7, the screen plate 9 is obliquely arranged, one end of the screen plate 9 close to the material distributing column 7 is positioned at a high position, which is beneficial to the continuous rolling of materials to one side far away from the material distributing column 7 and the screening of large and small feeds.

Referring to fig. 7-8, two groups of symmetrically arranged grooves 18 are formed in the inner wall of the sorting box 1, supporting blocks 19 which are in sliding connection with the grooves 18 are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the screen plate 9, the opening and closing track of the screen plate 9 is limited by matching the supporting blocks 19 with the grooves 18, arc-shaped protrusions 20 are arranged at the bottoms of the supporting blocks 19, wavy grooves 21 are formed in the bottoms of the grooves 18, and when the supporting blocks 19 move in the grooves 18, the arc-shaped protrusions 20 at the bottoms of the supporting blocks 19 move in the grooves 21, so that the supporting blocks 19 drive the screen plate 9 to shake in the up-down direction, and the screening effect of the screen holes 10 is further improved.

Referring to fig. 8, a plurality of partition plates 22 are arranged at the bottom in the sorting box 1, the plurality of partition plates 22 divide the interior of the sorting box 1 into two first sorting chambers, two second sorting chambers and a third sorting chamber, the first sorting chambers are positioned at two ends of the sorting box 1, large stones which cannot be screened out by the sieve holes 10 and need to be crushed are collected, the second sorting chambers are positioned below the sieve plates 9, small stones which can be directly utilized and screened out by the sieve holes 10 are collected, the third sorting chamber is positioned below the material separating column 7, sundries such as plastic bags are collected, the first sorting chambers, the second sorting chambers and the third sorting chambers are all provided with discharge holes, and the bottoms of the first sorting chambers, the second sorting chambers and the third sorting chambers are all inclined downwards towards the corresponding discharge holes so as to facilitate material discharging after sorting.

Working principle: when the garbage sorting machine is used, mixed garbage is added into the hopper 3, the motor 2 is started, the driving gear 5 is driven to rotate by the motor 2, referring to fig. 5, effective teeth on the driving gear 5 act with racks 11 on the box door 6 at first, the box door 6 is driven to open, materials in the hopper 3 fall into the sorting box 1, then the effective teeth on the driving gear 5 are separated from the racks 11, the box door 6 is closed under the action of the reset spring 12, the screen plate 9 and the material distributing column 7 are in a propped state at the moment, the mixed garbage falls on the material distributing column 7, light garbage such as plastic bags and the like are adsorbed by the suction boxes 8 and are attached to the material distributing column 7, and stone and other heavy objects roll onto the screen plate 9 along the side walls of the material distributing column 7.

Referring to fig. 6, when the effective teeth on the driving gear 5 act on the gear ring 14, the gear ring 14 is driven to rotate, so that the material separating column 7 rotates, at this time, the elliptical chute 17 rotates along with the material separating column 7 and abuts against the pressing column 16, so that the screen plates 9 move to two sides to form a temporary channel, and after the garbage and sundries on the surface of the material separating column 7 can pass through and come under the material separating column 7, the two screen plates 9 return to the initial state again and abut against the material separating column 7, at this time, the garbage attached to the surface of the material separating column 7 is not sucked by the suction of the suction box 8, but is blown by the air outlet end of the suction box 8, so that the garbage such as plastic bags falls into the third sorting chamber for collection.

In the process of outward moving and resetting of the sieve plate 9, the supporting blocks 19 on the sieve plate 9 move in the grooves 18, and under the cooperation of the arc-shaped protrusions 20 and the grooves 21, the sieve plate 9 is enabled to shake up and down in the moving process, smaller stones fall into the second sorting chamber from the sieve holes 10, larger stones roll out of the sieve plate 9 and enter the first sorting chamber, and the sorting of mixed garbage is completed.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a building rubbish sorting device, its characterized in that, including letter sorting case (1), be equipped with on letter sorting case (1):

the motor (2), the output end of the motor (2) is fixedly connected with a driving gear (5);

the sorting machine comprises a hopper (3), wherein a box door (6) is slidably arranged on one side, close to a sorting box (1), of the hopper (3), and an opening and closing mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the box door (6) is arranged on the box door (6);

the material sorting device comprises a material sorting assembly (4), wherein the material sorting assembly (4) comprises a material sorting column (7) which is arranged in the middle of a sorting box (1) in a rotating mode, an extraction box (8) which is fixedly connected with the sorting box (1) is coaxially arranged in the material sorting column (7), the material sorting column (7) is connected with a driving gear (5) through a gear transmission mechanism, two sides of the material sorting column (7) are respectively connected with a sieve plate (9) with a plurality of sieve holes (10) on the surface through a telescopic mechanism, when the material sorting column (7) rotates, the two sieve plates (9) are far away from the material sorting column (7) to form a temporary opening channel, and after the material sorting column (7) rotates for half a circle, the sieve plates (9) return to an initial position to abut against the outer wall of the material sorting column (7);

the cross section of the material dividing column (7) is regular quadrangle, and a plurality of evenly distributed perforations (13) are formed in the four outer side walls of the material dividing column (7);

the air extraction end of the air extraction box (8) is arranged upwards, and the air exhaust end of the air extraction box is arranged downwards;

the gear transmission mechanism comprises a gear ring (14) fixedly arranged at the end part of the material separating column (7) and meshed with the driving gear (5), the driving gear (5) is an incomplete gear, and the number of effective teeth on the driving gear (5) is half of the number of the effective teeth of the gear ring (14).

2. A construction waste sorting device according to claim 1, characterised in that the inner bottom of the sorting bin (1) is provided with a plurality of partition plates (22), a plurality of partition plates (22) divide the sorting bin (1) into two first sorting chambers, two second sorting chambers and a third sorting chamber, the first sorting chambers being located at both ends of the sorting bin (1), the second sorting chambers being located below the screen plate (9), the third sorting chambers being located below the sorting column (7).

3. The construction waste sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the opening and closing mechanism comprises a rack (11) fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the box door (6) and meshed with the driving gear (5), and a return spring (12) is connected between the box door (6) and the hopper (3).

4. A construction waste sorting device according to claim 1, characterised in that the screening deck (9) is arranged obliquely, the screening deck (9) being located at a high level near one end of the separating column (7).

5. The building rubbish sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic mechanism comprises a connecting rod (15) fixedly arranged on one end of the sieve plate (9) close to the material separating column (7), a pressing column (16) is fixedly arranged on the connecting rod (15), an elliptical chute (17) is formed in the end portion of the material separating column (7), and the pressing column (16) is movably connected with the elliptical chute (17).

6. A construction waste sorting device according to claim 5, characterised in that the centre of the elliptical chute (17) coincides with the rotational axis of the separating column (7), the major axis of the elliptical chute (17) coincides with the two diagonal vertex lines of the cross section of the separating column (7), respectively.

7. The building rubbish sorting device according to claim 1, wherein two groups of symmetrically arranged grooves (18) are formed in the inner wall of the sorting box (1), supporting blocks (19) which are slidably connected with the grooves (18) are fixedly arranged on the side walls of the sieve plates (9), arc-shaped protrusions (20) are arranged at the bottoms of the supporting blocks (19), and wavy grooves (21) are formed in the bottoms of the grooves (18).