CN114223443A - 一种菠萝蜜黄翅绢野螟的绿色防控方法 - Google Patents
一种菠萝蜜黄翅绢野螟的绿色防控方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/10—Catching insects by using Traps
- A01M1/106—Catching insects by using Traps for flying insects
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/22—Bacillus
- A01N63/23—B. thuringiensis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M2200/00—Kind of animal
- A01M2200/01—Insects
- A01M2200/012—Flying insects
Abstract
本发明涉及一种菠萝蜜黄翅绢野螟的绿色防控方法,采用食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫,食物源引诱剂由菠萝蜜香精、红糖、白醋、75%酒精和水按照质量比为0.4~0.6:10:20:10:80的比例配制而成。使用食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫的方法为:(1)按各组成比例配制食物源引诱剂;(2)悬挂诱杀成虫:在菠萝蜜树主干1.2‑1.5m高度悬挂诱捕器,1个诱捕器装100‑150ml食物源引诱剂;(3)及时更换食物源引诱剂。本发明能有效控制菠萝蜜园内黄翅绢野螟的发生,减少化学农药的使用,保护菠萝蜜园生态环境,提高菠萝蜜果实品质。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及植物病虫害综合防治方法,尤其涉及一种菠萝蜜黄翅绢野螟的绿色防控方法。
背景技术
菠萝蜜(学名:Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam)属桑科菠萝蜜属果树,是世界著名的热带水果,广泛种植于热带地区,在我国海南、广东、广西和福建、云南东南部、四川南部的热带亚热带地区有栽培,近10年来,我国菠萝蜜种植面积以每年15%的速度增加,产业发展迅速。随着菠萝蜜发展规模化程度提高,品种良种化进程加快,病虫害成为制约菠萝蜜产业健康可持续发展的重要因素。黄翅绢野螟是菠萝蜜的主要害虫,在菠萝蜜主产区,黄翅绢野螟严重影响菠萝蜜的产量和品质,为害地区损失率约30%-40%,严重时达到50%以上。由于黄翅绢野螟的为害方式是雌成虫产卵于寄主嫩梢、果柄或花芽表面,幼虫孵出后就近在组织表面取食,约2龄后蛀入嫩枝、花苞及果实取食,该虫在为害初期不易发现,为其爆发成灾奠定了有利基础;若在成虫期或1龄幼虫期没有做好防治,后期蛀入果实或花序后很难开展防治或防治效果不佳,容易造成该虫爆发。目前,黄翅绢野螟的防治主要采用化学农药及传统的绿色防控,如食物源糖醋液引诱剂等,存在化学农药使用量增加,严重破坏果园生态环境,果实农残超标,防控效果不理想且生产成本增加的问题,因此寻求一种防治效果好的绿色防控方法尤为重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是根据黄翅绢野螟发生规律,提供一种菠萝蜜黄翅绢野螟的绿色防控方法,该方法能有效控制菠萝蜜园内黄翅绢野螟的发生,减少化学农药的使用,保护菠萝蜜园生态环境,提高菠萝蜜果实品质。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现:一种菠萝蜜黄翅绢野螟的绿色防控方法,采用食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫,食物源引诱剂由菠萝蜜香精、红糖、白醋、75%酒精和水按照质量比为0.4~0.6:10:20:10:80的比例配制而成。
进一步优选,食物源引诱剂由菠萝蜜香精、红糖、白醋、75%酒精和水按照质量比为0.5:10:20:10:80的比例配制而成。
使用食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫的方法为:
(1)按照各组成成分比例配制食物源引诱剂;
(2)悬挂诱杀成虫:在菠萝蜜树主干1.2-1.5m高度悬挂诱捕器,每个诱捕器装100-150ml食物源引诱剂;
(3)食物源引诱剂的更换:诱捕器中若虫少情况下,可以20天左右更换一次食物源引诱剂,若引诱到的虫较多,则及时更换食物源引诱剂及清理虫体。
进一步优选,在黄翅绢野螟初孵化幼虫期,用苏云金杆菌微生物杀虫剂400-600倍液喷雾叶片、嫩枝、嫩芽及花序,每5-7天喷施一次,连续喷2-3次,减少虫口密度。
进一步优选,食物源引诱剂诱捕器颜色为黄色。
本发明的有益效果:
1.食物源引诱剂在糖醋液基础上改良而成,材料方便易得,比糖醋液更加吸引黄翅绢野螟,同时对雌雄虫均有诱集作用,该方法能有效控制菠萝蜜园内黄翅绢野螟的发生,减少化学农药的使用,保护菠萝蜜园生态环境,提高菠萝蜜果实品质。
2.利用鳞翅目昆虫对黄色的趋向性,提高诱虫机率。
具体实施方式
选择菠萝蜜3年树龄以上,黄翅绢野螟危害情况近似的结果园试验,试验时间5月份至9月份。
实施例1:
在黄翅绢野螟初孵化幼虫期,用苏云金杆菌微生物杀虫剂500倍液喷雾叶片、嫩枝、嫩芽及花序,每5天喷施一次,连续喷2次,减少虫口密度。
食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫,食物源引诱剂由菠萝蜜香精、红糖、白醋、75%酒精和水按照质量比为0.4:10:20:10:80的比例配制而成;
使用食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫的方法为:
(1)按照各组成成分比例配制食物源引诱剂;
(2)悬挂诱杀成虫:在菠萝蜜树主干1.2-1.5m高度悬挂黄色诱捕器,1个诱捕器装100ml食物源引诱剂;
(3)食物源引诱剂的更换:诱捕器中若虫少情况下,可以20天更换一次食物源引诱剂,若引诱到的虫较多,则及时更换食物源引诱剂及清理虫体。
实施例2
在黄翅绢野螟初孵化幼虫期,用苏云金杆菌微生物杀虫剂500倍液喷雾叶片、嫩枝、嫩芽及花序,每5天喷施一次,连续喷2次,减少虫口密度。
食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫,食物源引诱剂由菠萝蜜香精、红糖、白醋、75%酒精和水按照质量比为0.5:10:20:10:80的比例配制而成;
使用食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫的方法为:
(1)按照各组成成分比例配制食物源引诱剂;
(2)悬挂诱杀成虫:在菠萝蜜树主干1.2-1.5m高度悬挂黄色诱捕器,1个诱捕器装150ml食物源引诱剂;
(3)食物源引诱剂的更换:诱捕器中若虫少情况下,可以20天更换一次食物源引诱剂,若引诱到的虫较多,则及时更换食物源引诱剂及清理虫体。
实施例3
在黄翅绢野螟初孵化幼虫期,用苏云金杆菌微生物杀虫剂500倍液喷雾叶片、嫩枝、嫩芽及花序,每5天喷施一次,连续喷2次,减少虫口密度。
食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫,食物源引诱剂由菠萝蜜香精、红糖、白醋、75%酒精和水按照质量比为0.6:10:20:10:80的比例配制而成;
使用食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫的方法为:
(1)按照各组成成分比例配制食物源引诱剂;
(2)悬挂诱杀成虫:在菠萝蜜树主干1.2-1.5m高度悬挂黄色诱捕器,1个诱捕器装150ml食物源引诱剂;
(3)食物源引诱剂的更换:诱捕器中若虫少情况下,可以20天更换一次食物源引诱剂,若引诱到的虫较多,则及时更换食物源引诱剂及清理虫体。
实施例4
在黄翅绢野螟初孵化幼虫期,用苏云金杆菌微生物杀虫剂500倍液喷雾叶片、嫩枝、嫩芽及花序,每5天喷施一次,连续喷2次,减少虫口密度。
食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫,食物源引诱剂由菠萝蜜香精、红糖、白醋、75%酒精和水按照质量比为0.8:10:20:10:80的比例配制而成;
使用食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫的方法为:
(1)按照各组成成分比例配制食物源引诱剂;
(2)悬挂诱杀成虫:在菠萝蜜树主干1.2-1.5m高度悬挂黄色诱捕器,1个诱捕器装150ml食物源引诱剂;
(3)食物源引诱剂的更换:诱捕器中若虫少情况下,可以20天更换一次食物源引诱剂,若引诱到的虫较多,则及时更换食物源引诱剂及清理虫体。
实施例5
在黄翅绢野螟初孵化幼虫期,用苏云金杆菌微生物杀虫剂500倍液喷雾叶片、嫩枝、嫩芽及花序,每5天喷施一次,连续喷2次,减少虫口密度。
食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫,食物源引诱剂由红糖、白醋、75%酒精和水按照质量比为10:20:10:80的比例配制而成;
使用食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫的方法为:
(1)按照各组成成分比例配制食物源引诱剂;
(2)悬挂诱杀成虫:在菠萝蜜树主干1.2-1.5m高度悬挂黄色诱捕器,1个诱捕器装150ml食物源引诱剂;
(3)食物源引诱剂的更换:诱捕器中若虫少情况下,可以20天更换一次食物源引诱剂,若引诱到的虫较多,则及时更换食物源引诱剂及清理虫体。
实施例6
在黄翅绢野螟初孵化幼虫期,用苏云金杆菌微生物杀虫剂500倍液喷雾叶片、嫩枝、嫩芽及花序,每5天喷施一次,连续喷2次,减少虫口密度。成虫期不采用任何黄翅绢野螟防治措施。
实施例7
没有使用任何黄翅绢野螟防治措施。
各实施例对黄翅绢野螟的防治效果如下表所示:
实施例组 | 防治率 |
实施例1 | 81% |
实施例2 | 90% |
实施例3 | 85% |
实施例4 | 72% |
实施例5 | 67% |
实施例6 | 58% |
实施例7 | 0 |
根据上表的试验结果可知,一种菠萝蜜黄翅绢野螟的绿色防控方法,添加了菠萝蜜香精的食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫防治效果较好;食物源引诱剂由菠萝蜜香精、红糖、白醋、75%酒精和水按照质量比为0.4~0.6:10:20:10:80的比例配制防治效果好,其中按照质量比为0.5:10:20:10:80的比例配制防治效果最好。
Claims (5)
1.一种菠萝蜜黄翅绢野螟的绿色防控方法,其特征在于,采用食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫,食物源引诱剂由菠萝蜜香精、红糖、白醋、75%酒精和水按照质量比为0.4~0.6:10:20:10:80的比例配制而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的菠萝蜜黄翅绢野螟的绿色防控方法,其特征在于,使用食物源引诱剂诱杀成虫的方法为:
(1)按照各组成成分比例配制食物源引诱剂;
(2)悬挂诱杀成虫:在菠萝蜜树主干1.2-1.5m高度悬挂诱捕器,1个诱捕器装100-150ml食物源引诱剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的菠萝蜜黄翅绢野螟的绿色防控方法,其特征在于,在黄翅绢野螟初孵化幼虫期,用苏云金杆菌微生物杀虫剂400-600倍液喷雾叶片、嫩枝、嫩芽及花序,每5-7天喷施一次,连续喷2-3次,减少虫口密度。
4.根据权利要求1所述的菠萝蜜黄翅绢野螟的绿色防控方法,其特征在于,所述食物源引诱剂由菠萝蜜香精、红糖、白醋、75%酒精和水按照质量比为0.5:10:20:10:80的比例配制而成。
5.根据权利要求2所述的菠萝蜜黄翅绢野螟的绿色防控方法,其特征在于,所述诱捕器颜色为黄色。
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