CN114219674A - Method and system for determining maximum allowable breeding scale of livestock and poultry in drainage basin - Google Patents

Method and system for determining maximum allowable breeding scale of livestock and poultry in drainage basin Download PDF

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CN114219674A
CN114219674A CN202111538185.8A CN202111538185A CN114219674A CN 114219674 A CN114219674 A CN 114219674A CN 202111538185 A CN202111538185 A CN 202111538185A CN 114219674 A CN114219674 A CN 114219674A
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刘宏斌
李文超
段娜
雷秋良
翟丽梅
周脚根
胡万里
王洪媛
张亮
李旭东
夏颖
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Heibei Agricultural University
Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of CAAS
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Abstract

The invention provides a method and a system for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of livestock and poultry in a drainage basin, wherein the allowable load of phosphorus in a drainage basin farmland is determined according to the allowable load of phosphorus in surface water of the drainage basin, the current loads of life sources of the drainage basin and point source phosphorus; determining the minimum load of phosphorus of the drainage farmland according to the crop planting area, the target yield, the phosphorus loss coefficient of the lowest unit yield and the phosphorus attenuation coefficient of the drainage river network; judging whether the minimum load of the phosphorus of the drainage basin farmland is less than or equal to the allowable load of the phosphorus of the drainage basin farmland; if yes, determining the phosphorus demand of the crops based on the target yield, the planting area and the phosphorus content in the harvested products; determining the equivalent weight of the livestock and poultry breeding pigs according to the phosphorus demand of various crops, the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield, the optimal organic-inorganic ratio, the current-season utilization rate of organic fertilizer application and the phosphorus emission coefficient of unit pig equivalent weight; if not, adjusting the planting area of the crops with high phosphorus emission until the conditions are met. The invention gives consideration to the growth requirements of crops and water environment protection.

Description

Method and system for determining maximum allowable breeding scale of livestock and poultry in drainage basin
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a method and a system for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of livestock and poultry in a drainage basin.
Background
The first and second national pollution sources general survey results show that the livestock and poultry cultivation is an important source of water pollution, and effective prevention and control of the pollution of the livestock and poultry cultivation is one of the main problems in the field of ecological environment, wherein the determination of reasonable cultivation scale is one of effective means for standardizing cultivation production and preventing and controlling cultivation pollution. At present, a method for determining the bearing capacity of livestock and poultry manure in farmland soil from the perspective of the safe digestion capacity of the farmland soil exists, but a method for determining the breeding scale of the livestock and poultry in the watershed, which gives consideration to agricultural production and water environment protection, does not exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of the livestock and poultry in the drainage basin, which not only meet the growth requirements of crops, but also realize water environment protection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a method for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of livestock and poultry in a drainage basin, which comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the phosphorus allowable load of the target basin farmland according to the phosphorus allowable load of the surface water of the target basin, the current state load of the phosphorus of the life source of the target basin and the current state load of the point source of the phosphorus of the target basin;
s2, determining the minimum phosphorus load of the farmland in the target drainage basin according to the planting area of various crops in the target drainage basin, the target yield of various crops in the target drainage basin, the minimum phosphorus loss coefficient per unit yield of various crops in the target drainage basin and the phosphorus attenuation coefficient of the river network in the target drainage basin; the target yield of each crop is the average yield of each crop in nearly three years;
s3, judging whether the minimum phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland is less than or equal to the allowable phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland;
s31, if yes, determining the phosphorus demand of each crop in the target watershed based on the target yield of each crop in the target watershed, the phosphorus content of each crop harvest in the target watershed and the planting area of each crop in the target watershed;
s32, determining the equivalent weight of the livestock and poultry breeding pigs in the target watershed according to the phosphorus demand of various crops in the target watershed, the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield, the optimal organic-inorganic ratio, the in-season utilization rate of organic fertilizer application and the phosphorus emission coefficient of unit pig equivalent weight; the optimal organic-inorganic ratio is the ratio of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer with minimum phosphorus loss in unit yield of crops; the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield is the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield; the current season utilization rate of the organic fertilizer application is the proportion of the amount of phosphorus absorbed by crops in the current season applied organic fertilizer to the amount of phosphorus in the applied organic fertilizer;
and S33, if not, adjusting the planting area of the crop with higher phosphorus load in the farmland in the S2 until the lowest phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland is less than or equal to the allowable phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland, and returning to execute S31-S32.
Optionally, the following formula is adopted to calculate the phosphorus allowable load of the surface water of the target basin:
Ft＝(QCt-QC0)/1000000；
wherein, FtAllowing the phosphorus to be loaded for surface water of the drainage basin, wherein Q is the perennial average flow of the surface water of the drainage basin, CtIs the phosphorus concentration of the target surface water quality of the drainage basin C0The concentration of phosphorus in the background water quality in the basin; the concentration of the phosphorus in the background water quality is the concentration of the phosphorus in the river water quality in an area which is less affected by artificial activities;
calculating the current state load of the phosphorus of the target basin living source by adopting the following formula:
Fh＝Nh×Eh×(1-R)/1000；
wherein, FhIs the current status load of the river basin living source phosphorus, NhFor the current population of the drainage basin, EhThe phosphorus emission coefficient is the river basin living source, and R is the attenuation coefficient of river basin network phosphorus;
calculating the current load of the point source phosphorus element in the target drainage basin by adopting the following formula:
Fp＝Wp×Cp×(1-R)/1000000；
wherein, FpIs the current load of phosphorus element in a drainage basin point source, WpIs the drainage of sewage from drainage basin point source CpThe concentration of phosphorus in sewage discharged by a drainage basin point source is shown, and R is the attenuation coefficient of the drainage basin river network phosphorus;
determining the phosphorus allowable load of the target watershed farmland by adopting the following formula:
Fc＝Ft-Fh-Fp。
optionally, the minimum phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland is determined by adopting the following formula:
Fc0＝∑(Ai×Yi×Li)×(1-R)；
wherein, Fc0Is the minimum load of phosphorus in the farmland in the drainage basin, AiIs the planting area of the i-th class crop in the drainage basin, YiTarget yield for class i crops in the watershed, LiThe phosphorus loss coefficient of the i-th class of crops in the watershed is the lowest unit yield, and R is the attenuation coefficient of the phosphorus in the river network in the watershed.
Optionally, the phosphorus requirement of each type of crop in the target watershed is determined using the following formula:
Di＝Yi×Ci×Ai；
wherein D isiPhosphorus requirement for class i crops in the watershed, YiTarget yield for class i crops in the watershed, CiThe content of phosphorus in the harvest of class i crops in the watershed, AiThe planting area of the ith crop in the drainage basin.
Optionally, the target basin livestock breeding pig equivalent is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0003413179760000031
wherein N islPig equivalent for livestock and poultry breeding in target drainage basin, DiPhosphorus requirement for watershed i-th crops, PiThe ratio of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield for the class i crop of the drainage basin, OiThe optimal proportion of organic and inorganic substances for the ith class of crops in the drainage basin, UiIn-season utilization of organic fertilizer applications for class i crops in watersheds, EhThe phosphorus emission coefficient of river basin unit pig equivalent is shown, and R is the attenuation coefficient of river basin network phosphorus.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention also provides the following scheme:
a system for determining maximum allowable breeding scale of livestock and poultry in a drainage basin, the system comprising:
the farmland phosphorus allowable load determining module is used for determining the phosphorus allowable load of the target basin farmland according to the phosphorus allowable load of the surface water of the target basin, the current state load of the phosphorus of the life source of the target basin and the current state load of the phosphorus of the point source of the target basin;
the farmland phosphorus minimum load determining module is used for determining the minimum load of phosphorus of a target basin according to the planting area of various crops in the target basin, the target yield of various crops in the target basin, the phosphorus loss coefficient of minimum unit yield of various crops in the target basin and the phosphorus attenuation coefficient of a target basin network; the target yield of each crop is the average yield of each crop in nearly three years;
the livestock breeding pig equivalent determining module is used for determining the livestock breeding pig equivalent of a target watershed, and specifically comprises the following steps: judging whether the minimum phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland is less than or equal to the allowable phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland, if so, determining the phosphorus demand of various crops in the target watershed based on the target yield of various crops in the target watershed, the phosphorus content in various crop harvests in the target watershed and the planting area of various crops in the target watershed;
determining the equivalent weight of the livestock and poultry breeding pigs in the target watershed according to the phosphorus demand of various crops in the target watershed, the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield, the optimal organic-inorganic ratio, the in-season utilization rate of organic fertilizer application and the phosphorus emission coefficient of unit pig equivalent weight; the optimal organic-inorganic ratio is the ratio of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer with minimum phosphorus loss in unit yield of crops; the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield is the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield; the current season utilization rate of the organic fertilizer application is the proportion of the amount of phosphorus absorbed by crops in the current season applied organic fertilizer to the amount of phosphorus in the applied organic fertilizer;
if not, adjusting the planting area of the crops with higher phosphorus load in the farmland until the lowest phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland is less than or equal to the allowable phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland, and calculating the equivalent of the target watershed livestock and poultry breeding pigs.
Optionally, the farmland phosphorus allowable load determination module comprises:
the watershed surface water phosphorus allowable load determining unit calculates the target watershed surface water phosphorus allowable load by adopting the following formula:
Ft＝(QCt-QC0)/1000000；
wherein，FtAllowing the phosphorus to be loaded for surface water of the drainage basin, wherein Q is the perennial average flow of the surface water of the drainage basin, CtIs the phosphorus concentration of the target surface water quality of the drainage basin C0The concentration of phosphorus in the background water quality in the basin; the concentration of the phosphorus in the background water quality is the concentration of the phosphorus in the river water quality in an area which is less affected by artificial activities;
the current state load determining unit of the river basin living source phosphorus calculates the current state load of the target river basin living source phosphorus by adopting the following formula:
Fh＝Nh×Eh×(1-R)/1000；
wherein, FhIs the current status load of the river basin living source phosphorus, NhFor the current population of the drainage basin, EhThe phosphorus emission coefficient is the river basin living source, and R is the attenuation coefficient of river basin network phosphorus;
the current load determining unit of the phosphorus element of the basin point source adopts the following formula to calculate the current load of the phosphorus element of the target basin point source:
Fp＝Wp×Cp×(1-R)/1000000；
wherein, FpIs the current load of phosphorus element in a drainage basin point source, WpIs the drainage of sewage from drainage basin point source CpThe concentration of phosphorus in sewage discharged by a drainage basin point source is shown, and R is the attenuation coefficient of the drainage basin river network phosphorus;
the watershed farmland phosphorus allowable load determining unit determines the target watershed farmland phosphorus allowable load by adopting the following formula:
Fc＝Ft-Fh-Fp。
optionally, the farmland minimum phosphorus load determining module determines the target watershed farmland minimum phosphorus load by using the following formula:
Fc0＝∑(Ai×Yi×Li)×(1-R)；
wherein, Fc0Is the minimum load of phosphorus in the farmland in the drainage basin, AiIs the planting area of the i-th class crop in the drainage basin, YiTarget yield for class i crops in the watershed, LiThe minimum unit yield phosphorus loss coefficient of the i-th crop in the drainage basin, R is the drainageThe attenuation coefficient of the river network phosphorus.
Optionally, the phosphorus requirement determining module of the crops calculates the phosphorus requirements of various crops in the target watershed by using the following formula:
Di＝Yi×Ci×Ai；
wherein D isiPhosphorus requirement for class i crops in the watershed, YiTarget yield for class i crops in the watershed, CiThe content of phosphorus in the harvest of class i crops in the watershed, AiThe planting area of the ith crop in the drainage basin.
Optionally, the equivalent weight determining module calculates the equivalent weight of the livestock-poultry-breeding pigs in the target drainage basin by using the following formula:
Figure BDA0003413179760000051
wherein N islPig equivalent for livestock and poultry breeding in target drainage basin, DiPhosphorus requirement for watershed i-th crops, PiThe ratio of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield for the class i crop of the drainage basin, OiThe optimal proportion of organic and inorganic substances for the ith class of crops in the drainage basin, UiIn-season utilization of organic fertilizer applications for class i crops in watersheds, EhThe phosphorus emission coefficient of river basin unit pig equivalent is shown, and R is the attenuation coefficient of river basin network phosphorus.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides a method and a system for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of livestock and poultry in a drainage basin, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the phosphorus allowable load of the target watershed farmland according to the phosphorus allowable load of the surface water of the target watershed, the current-state load of the phosphorus of the life source of the target watershed and the current-state load of the phosphorus of the point source of the target watershed; determining the minimum phosphorus load of a target watershed farmland according to the planting area of various crops of the target watershed, the target yield of various crops of the target watershed, the minimum unit yield phosphorus loss coefficient of various crops of the target watershed and the target watershed river network phosphorus attenuation coefficient; judging whether the minimum phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland is less than or equal to the allowable phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland; if so, determining the phosphorus demand of various crops in the target watershed based on the target yield of various crops in the target watershed, the phosphorus content in the harvested products of various crops in the target watershed and the planting area of various crops in the target watershed; determining the equivalent weight of the livestock and poultry breeding pigs in the target drainage basin according to the phosphorus demand of various crops in the target drainage basin, the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield, the optimal organic-inorganic ratio, the in-season utilization rate of organic fertilizer application and the phosphorus emission coefficient of unit pig equivalent weight; if not, adjusting the planting area of the crops with higher phosphorus load in the farmland until the minimum phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland is less than or equal to the allowable phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland, and returning to calculate the equivalent of the livestock and poultry breeding pigs. The invention not only meets the growth requirement of crops, but also realizes the water environment protection.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of the livestock and poultry in the drainage basin of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block structure diagram of the system for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of the livestock and poultry in the drainage basin of the invention.
Description of the symbols:
a farmland phosphorus allowable load determining module-1, a farmland phosphorus minimum load determining module-2 and a livestock breeding pig equivalent determining module-3.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of the livestock and poultry in the drainage basin, which not only meet the growth requirements of crops, but also realize water environment protection.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in figure 1, the method for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of the livestock and poultry in the drainage basin comprises the following steps:
and S1, determining the phosphorus allowable load of the farmland in the target drainage basin according to the phosphorus allowable load of the surface water of the target drainage basin, the current state load of the phosphorus of the life source of the target drainage basin and the current state load of the phosphorus of the point source of the target drainage basin.
S2, determining the minimum phosphorus load of the farmland in the target drainage basin according to the planting area of various crops in the target drainage basin, the target yield of various crops in the target drainage basin, the minimum phosphorus loss coefficient per unit yield of various crops in the target drainage basin and the phosphorus attenuation coefficient of the river network in the target drainage basin; the target yield of each crop is the average yield of each crop in nearly three years.
And S3, judging whether the minimum load of the phosphorus of the target basin is less than or equal to the allowable load of the phosphorus of the target basin.
And S31, if yes, determining the phosphorus demand of the crops in the target watershed based on the target yield of the crops in the target watershed, the phosphorus content of the crops in the target watershed and the planting area of the crops in the target watershed.
S32, determining the equivalent weight of the livestock and poultry breeding pigs in the target watershed according to the phosphorus demand of various crops in the target watershed, the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield, the optimal organic-inorganic ratio, the in-season utilization rate of organic fertilizer application and the phosphorus emission coefficient of unit pig equivalent weight; the optimal organic-inorganic ratio is the ratio of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer with minimum phosphorus loss in unit yield of crops; the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield is the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield; the current season utilization rate of the organic fertilizer is the proportion of the amount of phosphorus absorbed by crops in the organic fertilizer applied in the current season to the amount of phosphorus in the organic fertilizer applied.
And S33, if not, adjusting the planting area of the crop with higher phosphorus load in the farmland in the S2 until the lowest phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland is less than or equal to the allowable phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland, and returning to execute S31-S32.
Specifically, the allowable load of watershed water pollutants is determined based on the water environment protection target.
Further, the allowable load of the phosphorus element in the surface water of the target basin is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Ft＝(QCt-QC0)/1000000；
wherein, FtThe allowable load (t/a) of phosphorus for surface water of the drainage basin, and Q is the annual average flow (m) of the surface water of the drainage basin3/a)，CtThe concentration (mg/L) of phosphorus in the surface water of the drainage basin is the target water quality C0The concentration (mg/L) of phosphorus in the background water quality in the river basin is the concentration of phosphorus in the river water quality in an area which is less affected by artificial activities.
And calculating the current state load of the phosphorus of the target basin living source by adopting the following formula.
Fh＝Nh×Eh×(1-R)/1000；
Wherein, FhThe current state load (t/a), N, of the phosphorus source for river basin lifehNumber of population in the current river basin (p), EhThe phosphorus emission coefficient (kg/p/a) of the watershed living source is obtained through a first/second pollution source general survey coefficient, and R is the attenuation coefficient (dimensionless) of the watershed river network phosphorus and is obtained from a literature result.
Calculating the current load of the point source phosphorus element in the target drainage basin by adopting the following formula:
Fp＝Wp×Cp×(1-R)/1000000；
wherein, FpIs the current load (t/a) of the phosphorus element of a drainage basin point source, WpIs the drainage (m) of point source sewage in drainage basin3/a)，CpThe concentration (mg/L) of phosphorus in sewage discharged from a drainage basin point source is shown, and R is the attenuation coefficient (dimensionless) of river network phosphorus in a drainage basin, and is obtained from the literature results.
Determining the phosphorus allowable load of the target watershed farmland by adopting the following formula:
Fc＝Ft-Fh-Fp。
further, the minimum phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland is determined by the following formula:
Fc0＝∑(Ai×Yi×Li)×(1-R)；
wherein, Fc0The minimum load (t/a) of phosphorus in the farmland in the drainage basin AiIs the area (ha), Y of the class i crop in the drainage basiniTarget yield (t/ha/a), L for class i crops in the watershediThe phosphorus loss coefficient (kg/kg) is the lowest unit yield of the i-th crop in the river basin, and R is the attenuation coefficient (dimensionless) of river network phosphorus in the river basin, and is obtained from the literature results.
Further, the phosphorus demand of various crops in the target watershed is determined by the following formula:
Di＝Yi×Ci×Ai；
wherein D isiThe phosphorus requirement (t/a), Y of the i-th crop in the drainage basiniTarget yield (t/ha/a), C for class i crops in the watershediThe content (kg/kg) of phosphorus in the harvest of the i-th class crop in the watershed, AiIs the area (h) of the class i crop in the drainage basina)。
Further, the equivalent weight of the target basin livestock and poultry breeding pig is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0003413179760000091
wherein N islEquivalent (h) and D) of pigs for livestock and poultry breeding in target drainage basiniPhosphorus requirement (t/a), P for class i crops in the watershediIs a streamThe proportion (%) of the yield contributed by the fertilization to the target yield for the i-th crop, obtained from the literature meta-study, OiThe optimal organic-inorganic ratio O is determined for the i-th class crop in the drainage basin, specifically, on the premise of meeting the phosphorus demand of the crop, by the meta-extraction of the literature and the organic-inorganic ratio with the minimum phosphorus loss in the unit yield of the cropiSpecifically, the percentage of organic fertilizer nutrients in the phosphorus demand of crops is expressed by (%); u shapeiThe current season utilization rate (%) for the application of the organic fertilizer of the ith crop in the watershed is obtained through the literature meta-research result; ehObtaining a phosphorus emission coefficient (kg/h/a) of a drainage basin unit pig equivalent from a first/second pollution source general survey coefficient; and R is the attenuation coefficient (dimensionless) of river network phosphorus in the river basin, and is obtained from the literature result.
In order to achieve the above object, as shown in fig. 2, the present invention further provides a system for determining a maximum allowable breeding scale of livestock and poultry in a drainage basin, the system comprising: the system comprises a farmland phosphorus allowable load determining module 1, a farmland phosphorus minimum load determining module 2 and a livestock breeding pig equivalent determining module 3.
The farmland phosphorus allowable load determining module 1 is used for determining the phosphorus allowable load of the target watershed farmland according to the phosphorus allowable load of the surface water of the target watershed, the current state load of the target watershed life source phosphorus and the current state load of the target watershed point source phosphorus.
The farmland phosphorus minimum load determining module 2 is used for determining the minimum load of phosphorus of a farmland in a target drainage basin according to the planting area of various crops in the target drainage basin, the target yield of various crops in the target drainage basin, the phosphorus loss coefficient of minimum unit yield of various crops in the target drainage basin and the phosphorus attenuation coefficient of river network in the target drainage basin; the target yield of each crop is the average yield of each crop in nearly three years.
The livestock breeding pig equivalent determining module 3 is used for determining the equivalent of the livestock breeding pigs in the target drainage basin, and specifically comprises the following steps: and judging whether the minimum phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland is less than or equal to the allowable phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland, if so, determining the phosphorus demand of various crops in the target watershed based on the target yield of various crops in the target watershed, the phosphorus content in various crop harvests in the target watershed and the planting area of various crops in the target watershed.
Determining the equivalent weight of the livestock and poultry breeding pigs in the target watershed according to the phosphorus demand of various crops in the target watershed, the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield, the optimal organic-inorganic ratio, the in-season utilization rate of organic fertilizer application and the phosphorus emission coefficient of unit pig equivalent weight; the optimal organic-inorganic ratio is the ratio of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer with minimum phosphorus loss in unit yield of crops. The proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield is the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield; the current season utilization rate of the organic fertilizer is the proportion of the amount of phosphorus absorbed by crops in the organic fertilizer applied in the current season to the amount of phosphorus in the organic fertilizer applied.
If not, adjusting the planting area of the crops with higher phosphorus load in the farmland until the lowest phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland is less than or equal to the allowable phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland, and calculating the equivalent of the target watershed livestock and poultry breeding pigs.
Further, the farmland phosphorus allowable load determination module comprises:
the watershed surface water phosphorus allowable load determining unit calculates the target watershed surface water phosphorus allowable load by adopting the following formula:
Ft＝(QCt-QC0)/1000000；
Ftallowing the phosphorus to be loaded for surface water of the drainage basin, wherein Q is the perennial average flow of the surface water of the drainage basin, CtIs the phosphorus concentration of the target surface water quality of the drainage basin C0The concentration of phosphorus in the background water quality in the basin; the concentration of the phosphorus in the background water is the concentration of the phosphorus in the river water in an area which is less affected by artificial activities.
The current state load determining unit of the river basin living source phosphorus calculates the current state load of the target river basin living source phosphorus by adopting the following formula:
Fh＝Nh×Eh×(1-R)/1000；
wherein, FhThe current state load of the phosphorus source for watershed life，NhFor the current population of the drainage basin, EhThe phosphorus emission coefficient of the watershed living source is shown, and R is the attenuation coefficient of the watershed river network phosphorus.
The current load determining unit of the phosphorus element of the basin point source adopts the following formula to calculate the current load of the phosphorus element of the target basin point source:
Fp＝Wp×Cp×(1-R)/1000000；
wherein, FpIs the current load of phosphorus element in a drainage basin point source, WpIs the drainage of sewage from drainage basin point source CpThe concentration of phosphorus in sewage discharged by a drainage basin point source is shown, and R is the attenuation coefficient of the drainage basin river network phosphorus.
The watershed farmland phosphorus allowable load determining unit determines the target watershed farmland phosphorus allowable load by adopting the following formula:
Fc＝Ft-Fh-Fp；
wherein, FcAllowable load of phosphorus for target basin farmland, FtFor watershed surface water phosphorus tolerance, FhLoad of the current status of the river basin biogenic phosphorus, FpThe load is the current load of the point source phosphorus in the drainage basin.
Further, the farmland phosphorus minimum load determining module determines the target basin farmland phosphorus minimum load by adopting the following formula:
Fc0＝∑(Ai×Yi×Li)×(1-R)；
wherein, Fc0Is the minimum load of phosphorus in the farmland in the drainage basin, AiIs the planting area of the i-th class crop in the drainage basin, YiTarget yield for class i crops in the watershed, LiThe phosphorus loss coefficient of the i-th class of crops in the watershed is the lowest unit yield, and R is the attenuation coefficient of the phosphorus in the river network in the watershed.
Further, the phosphorus demand determination module of the crops adopts the following formula to calculate the phosphorus demand of various crops in the target watershed:
Di＝Yi×Ci×Ai；
wherein D isiFor i-th crops in the watershedPhosphorus requirement, YiTarget yield for class i crops in the watershed, CiThe content of phosphorus in the harvest of class i crops in the watershed, AiThe planting area of the ith crop in the drainage basin.
Further, the equivalent weight determining module for the livestock and poultry breeding pigs calculates the equivalent weight of the livestock and poultry breeding pigs in the target drainage basin by adopting the following formula:
Figure BDA0003413179760000111
wherein N islPig equivalent for livestock and poultry breeding in target drainage basin, DiPhosphorus requirement for watershed i-th crops, PiThe ratio of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield for the class i crop of the drainage basin, OiThe optimal proportion of organic and inorganic substances for the ith class of crops in the drainage basin, UiIn-season utilization of organic fertilizer applications for class i crops in watersheds, EhThe phosphorus emission coefficient of river basin unit pig equivalent is shown, and R is the attenuation coefficient of river basin network phosphorus.
Compared with the traditional method for determining the livestock and poultry breeding scale only from the perspective of agricultural production, the method for determining the livestock and poultry breeding scale in the drainage basin in the planting and breeding complete combination mode is provided in the aspect of agricultural production and drainage basin water environment comprehensively, and the method is a technology for realizing agricultural sustainable development considering both agricultural production and environmental protection.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of livestock and poultry in a drainage basin is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining the phosphorus allowable load of the target basin farmland according to the phosphorus allowable load of the surface water of the target basin, the current state load of the phosphorus of the life source of the target basin and the current state load of the point source of the phosphorus of the target basin;
s2, determining the minimum phosphorus load of the farmland in the target drainage basin according to the planting area of various crops in the target drainage basin, the target yield of various crops in the target drainage basin, the minimum phosphorus loss coefficient per unit yield of various crops in the target drainage basin and the phosphorus attenuation coefficient of the river network in the target drainage basin; the target yield of each crop is the average yield of each crop in nearly three years;
s3, judging whether the minimum phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland is less than or equal to the allowable phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland;
s31, if yes, determining the phosphorus demand of each crop in the target watershed based on the target yield of each crop in the target watershed, the phosphorus content of each crop harvest in the target watershed and the planting area of each crop in the target watershed;
s32, determining the equivalent weight of the livestock and poultry breeding pigs in the target watershed according to the phosphorus demand of various crops in the target watershed, the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield, the optimal organic-inorganic ratio, the in-season utilization rate of organic fertilizer application and the phosphorus emission coefficient of unit pig equivalent weight; the optimal organic-inorganic ratio is the ratio of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer with minimum phosphorus loss in unit yield of crops; the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield is the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield; the current season utilization rate of the organic fertilizer application is the proportion of the amount of phosphorus absorbed by crops in the current season applied organic fertilizer to the amount of phosphorus in the applied organic fertilizer;
and S33, if not, adjusting the planting area of the crop with higher phosphorus load in the farmland in the S2 until the lowest phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland is less than or equal to the allowable phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland, and returning to execute S31-S32.
2. The method for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of the river basin livestock and poultry according to claim 1, characterized in that the phosphorus allowable load of the surface water of the target river basin is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Ft＝(QCt-QC0)/1000000；
wherein, FtAllowing the phosphorus to be loaded for surface water of the drainage basin, wherein Q is the perennial average flow of the surface water of the drainage basin, CtIs the phosphorus concentration of the target surface water quality of the drainage basin C0The concentration of phosphorus in the background water quality in the basin; the concentration of the phosphorus in the background water quality is the concentration of the phosphorus in the river water quality in an area which is less affected by artificial activities;
calculating the current state load of the phosphorus of the target basin living source by adopting the following formula:
Fh＝Nh×Eh×(1-R)/1000；
wherein, FhIs the current status load of the river basin living source phosphorus, NhFor the current population of the drainage basin, EhThe phosphorus emission coefficient is the river basin living source, and R is the attenuation coefficient of river basin network phosphorus;
calculating the current load of the point source phosphorus element in the target drainage basin by adopting the following formula:
Fp＝Wp×Cp×(1-R)/1000000；
wherein, FpIs the current load of phosphorus element in a drainage basin point source, WpIs the drainage of sewage from drainage basin point source CpThe concentration of phosphorus in sewage discharged by a drainage basin point source is shown, and R is the attenuation coefficient of the drainage basin river network phosphorus;
determining the phosphorus allowable load of the target watershed farmland by adopting the following formula:
Fc＝Ft-Fh-Fp。
3. the method for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of the river basin livestock and poultry according to claim 1, characterized in that the minimum phosphorus load of the target river basin farmland is determined by adopting the following formula:
Fc0＝∑(Ai×Yi×Li)×(1-R)；
wherein, Fc0Is the minimum load of phosphorus in the farmland in the drainage basin, AiIs the planting area of the i-th class crop in the drainage basin, YiTarget yield for class i crops in the watershed, LiThe phosphorus loss coefficient of the i-th class of crops in the watershed is the lowest unit yield, and R is the attenuation coefficient of the phosphorus in the river network in the watershed.
4. The method for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of the livestock and the poultry in the watershed according to claim 1, wherein the phosphorus demand of various crops in the target watershed is determined by adopting the following formula:
Di＝Yi×Ci×Ai；
wherein D isiPhosphorus requirement for class i crops in the watershed, YiTarget yield for class i crops in the watershed, CiThe content of phosphorus in the harvest of class i crops in the watershed, AiThe planting area of the ith crop in the drainage basin.
5. The method for determining the breeding scale of the livestock and poultry in the drainage basin considering both the yield and the water environment safety as claimed in claim 4, wherein the target equivalent of the breeding pigs of the livestock and poultry in the drainage basin is calculated by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0003413179750000031
wherein N islPig equivalent for livestock and poultry breeding in target drainage basin, DiPhosphorus requirement for watershed i-th crops, PiThe ratio of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield for the class i crop of the drainage basin, OiThe optimal proportion of organic and inorganic substances for the ith class of crops in the drainage basin, UiIn-season utilization of organic fertilizer applications for class i crops in watersheds, EhThe phosphorus emission coefficient of river basin unit pig equivalent, R is the attenuation of river basin network phosphorusAnd (4) the coefficient.
6. A system for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of livestock and poultry in a drainage basin is characterized by comprising:
the farmland phosphorus allowable load determining module is used for determining the phosphorus allowable load of the target basin farmland according to the phosphorus allowable load of the surface water of the target basin, the current state load of the phosphorus of the life source of the target basin and the current state load of the phosphorus of the point source of the target basin;
the farmland phosphorus minimum load determining module is used for determining the minimum load of phosphorus of a target basin according to the planting area of various crops in the target basin, the target yield of various crops in the target basin, the phosphorus loss coefficient of minimum unit yield of various crops in the target basin and the phosphorus attenuation coefficient of a target basin network; the target yield of each crop is the average yield of each crop in nearly three years;
the livestock and poultry breeding pig equivalent determining module is used for determining the target basin livestock and poultry breeding pig equivalent, and specifically comprises the following steps: judging whether the minimum phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland is less than or equal to the allowable phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland, if so, determining the phosphorus demand of various crops in the target watershed based on the target yield of various crops in the target watershed, the phosphorus content in various crop harvests in the target watershed and the planting area of various crops in the target watershed;
determining the equivalent weight of the livestock and poultry breeding pigs in the target watershed according to the phosphorus demand of various crops in the target watershed, the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield, the optimal organic-inorganic ratio, the in-season utilization rate of organic fertilizer application and the phosphorus emission coefficient of unit pig equivalent weight; the optimal organic-inorganic ratio is the ratio of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer with minimum phosphorus loss in unit yield of crops; the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield is the proportion of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield; the current season utilization rate of the organic fertilizer application is the proportion of the amount of phosphorus absorbed by crops in the current season applied organic fertilizer to the amount of phosphorus in the applied organic fertilizer;
if not, adjusting the planting area of the crops with higher phosphorus load in the farmland until the lowest phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland is less than or equal to the allowable phosphorus load of the target watershed farmland, and calculating the equivalent of the target watershed livestock and poultry breeding pigs.
7. The system for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of the livestock and poultry in the drainage basin according to claim 6, wherein the farmland phosphorus allowable load determining module comprises:
the watershed surface water phosphorus allowable load determining unit calculates the target watershed surface water phosphorus allowable load by adopting the following formula:
Ft＝(QCt-QC0)/1000000；
wherein, FtAllowing the phosphorus to be loaded for surface water of the drainage basin, wherein Q is the perennial average flow of the surface water of the drainage basin, CtIs the phosphorus concentration of the target surface water quality of the drainage basin C0The concentration of phosphorus in the background water quality in the basin; the concentration of the phosphorus in the background water quality is the concentration of the phosphorus in the river water quality in an area which is less affected by artificial activities;
the current state load determining unit of the river basin living source phosphorus calculates the current state load of the target river basin living source phosphorus by adopting the following formula:
Fh＝Nh×Eh×(1-R)/1000；
wherein, FhIs the current status load of the river basin living source phosphorus, NhFor the current population of the drainage basin, EhThe phosphorus emission coefficient is the river basin living source, and R is the attenuation coefficient of river basin network phosphorus;
the current load determining unit of the phosphorus element of the basin point source adopts the following formula to calculate the current load of the phosphorus element of the target basin point source:
Fp＝Wp×Cp×(1-R)/1000000；
wherein, FpIs the current load of phosphorus element in a drainage basin point source, WpIs the drainage of sewage from drainage basin point source CpThe concentration of phosphorus in sewage discharged by a drainage basin point source is shown, and R is the attenuation coefficient of the drainage basin river network phosphorus;
the watershed farmland phosphorus allowable load determining unit determines the target watershed farmland phosphorus allowable load by adopting the following formula:
Fc＝Ft-Fh-Fp。
8. the system for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of the river basin livestock and poultry according to claim 6, wherein the farmland phosphorus minimum load determining module is used for determining the target river basin farmland phosphorus minimum load by adopting the following formula:
Fc0＝∑(Ai×Yi×Li)×(1-R)；
wherein, Fc0Is the minimum load of phosphorus in the farmland in the drainage basin, AiIs the planting area of the i-th class crop in the drainage basin, YiTarget yield for class i crops in the watershed, LiThe phosphorus loss coefficient of the i-th class of crops in the watershed is the lowest unit yield, and R is the attenuation coefficient of the phosphorus in the river network in the watershed.
9. The system for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of the livestock and the poultry in the drainage basin according to claim 6, wherein the phosphorus demand determination module of the crops is used for calculating the phosphorus demand of various crops in the target drainage basin by adopting the following formula:
Di＝Yi×Ci×Ai；
wherein D isiPhosphorus requirement for class i crops in the watershed, YiTarget yield for class i crops in the watershed, CiThe content of phosphorus in the harvest of class i crops in the watershed, AiThe planting area of the ith crop in the drainage basin.
10. The system for determining the maximum allowable breeding scale of the livestock and poultry in the drainage basin according to claim 8, wherein the equivalent weight determining module calculates the equivalent weight of the livestock and poultry in the target drainage basin by adopting the following formula:
Figure FDA0003413179750000051
wherein N islPig equivalent for livestock and poultry breeding in target drainage basin, DiPhosphorus requirement for watershed i-th crops, PiThe ratio of the yield contributed by fertilization to the target yield for the class i crop of the drainage basin, OiThe optimal proportion of organic and inorganic substances for the ith class of crops in the drainage basin, UiIn-season utilization of organic fertilizer applications for class i crops in watersheds, EhThe phosphorus emission coefficient of river basin unit pig equivalent is shown, and R is the attenuation coefficient of river basin network phosphorus.
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