CN114217090A - Sensor control device, ultrasonic velocimeter and ultrasonic velocimetry system - Google Patents
Sensor control device, ultrasonic velocimeter and ultrasonic velocimetry system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114217090A CN114217090A CN202111516948.9A CN202111516948A CN114217090A CN 114217090 A CN114217090 A CN 114217090A CN 202111516948 A CN202111516948 A CN 202111516948A CN 114217090 A CN114217090 A CN 114217090A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/24—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
- G01P5/241—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by using reflection of acoustical waves, i.e. Doppler-effect
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/24—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
- G01P5/241—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by using reflection of acoustical waves, i.e. Doppler-effect
- G01P5/244—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by using reflection of acoustical waves, i.e. Doppler-effect involving pulsed waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/181—Low frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio preamplifiers
- H03F3/183—Low frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio preamplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/187—Low frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio preamplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers without distortion of the input signal
- H03G3/20—Automatic control
- H03G3/30—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
- H03G3/3005—Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices in amplifiers suitable for low-frequencies, e.g. audio amplifiers
Abstract
The application provides a sensor control device, supersound tachymeter, supersound speed measuring system belongs to the speed and measures technical field. The sensor control device comprises a transmitting control unit, N transmitting receivers and a receiving control unit. The emission control unit is used for simultaneously outputting the ultrasonic pulse signals through at least one output interface corresponding to the first selection signal according to the first selection signal, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; the N transmitting and receiving devices are connected with the N output interfaces in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each transmitting and receiving device is used for transmitting the ultrasonic pulse signals transmitted to the transmitting and receiving device to a corresponding sensor and receiving ultrasonic echo signals returned by the sensor; and the receiving control unit is used for outputting the ultrasonic echo signal of the input interface corresponding to the input second selection signal through the output interface. The problem of prior art be difficult to according to actual need input ultrasonic pulse signal to arbitrary passageway simultaneously is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of speed measurement, in particular to a sensor control device, an ultrasonic velocimeter and an ultrasonic velocimetry system.
Background
In order to realize multichannel work, the conventional multichannel ultrasonic velocimeter uses a multiplexing device to enable a function generator to send ultrasonic pulse signals to different channels, although the scheme realizes the purpose of expanding the multiple channels, the parameters of the ultrasonic pulse signals received by each channel in the scheme cannot be independently set, and the ultrasonic pulse signals cannot be simultaneously input to any channel according to actual needs.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a sensor control device, supersound tachymeter, supersound velocimetry system to solve prior art and be difficult to simultaneously to arbitrary passageway input ultrasonic pulse signal's problem according to actual need.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a sensor control apparatus, including a transmission control unit, N transmission receivers, and a reception control unit; the transmission control unit is used for simultaneously outputting the ultrasonic pulse signals through at least one output interface corresponding to the first selection signal according to the first selection signal, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; the N transmitting and receiving devices are connected with the N output interfaces in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each transmitting and receiving device is used for transmitting the ultrasonic pulse signals transmitted to the transmitting and receiving device to a corresponding sensor and receiving ultrasonic echo signals returned by the sensor; and the receiving control unit comprises N input interfaces in one-to-one correspondence with the N transmitting receivers, a selection interface for receiving a second selection signal and an output interface, and is used for outputting the ultrasonic echo signal input to the input interface corresponding to the second selection signal through the output interface.
In the embodiment of the application, because the transmission control unit can output the ultrasonic pulse signals through at least one output interface corresponding to the first selection signal at the same time, the transmission control unit can be controlled to transmit the ultrasonic pulse signals to any channel at the same time by adjusting the first selection signal, parameters of the ultrasonic pulse signals of any channel can be adjusted at the same time, the problem that the ultrasonic pulse signals cannot be input to any channel at the same time according to actual needs is solved, the application range of the scheme is improved, meanwhile, the ultrasonic echo signals of the input interface corresponding to the second selection signal are input through the receiving control unit, the ultrasonic echo signals are output through the output interface, the ultrasonic echo signals of any channel can be output by adjusting the second selection signal, and the application range of the scheme is further improved.
In some possible embodiments, the sensor control device further includes an amplifier, each of the transmitting and receiving units is connected to the receiving control unit through one of the amplifiers, and the amplifier is configured to amplify the ultrasonic echo signal input thereto.
In the embodiment of the application, the ultrasonic echo signal is amplified by the amplifier, so that the attenuation generated by the flight of the ultrasonic echo signal in the fluid to be detected can be compensated, the accuracy of the ultrasonic echo signal is further improved, and the subsequently calculated speed of the fluid to be detected is more accurate.
With reference to the technical solution provided by the first aspect, in some possible implementations, the amplifier is a variable gain amplifier, and the variable gain amplifier is configured to receive a control signal and adjust its gain according to the control signal.
In the embodiment of the application, the gain of the variable gain amplifier can be controlled through the control signal, so that when the scheme is applied to different scenes, different gains can be set for the variable gain amplifier according to actual conditions, the accuracy of attenuation generated by flight of the compensation ultrasonic echo signal in the fluid to be detected is improved, and more accurate ultrasonic echo signals are obtained.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an ultrasonic velocimeter, including an ultrasonic excitation module, N sensors, a sensor control device, and a signal processing module, where the ultrasonic excitation module is configured to generate an ultrasonic pulse signal; the sensor control device is connected with the N sensors and is used for receiving the ultrasonic pulse signals, the first selection signals and the second selection signals, transmitting the ultrasonic pulse signals to at least one sensor corresponding to the first selection signals in the N sensors and outputting ultrasonic echo signals returned by at least one sensor corresponding to the second selection signals in the N sensors; and the signal processing module is used for processing the ultrasonic echo signal sent by the sensor control device to obtain the speed and the movement direction of the fluid to be measured in the one-dimensional coordinate system.
In some possible embodiments, the sensor control apparatus includes a transmission control unit, N transmission receivers, and a reception control unit, where the transmission control unit includes an input interface for receiving an ultrasonic pulse signal, a selection interface for receiving a first selection signal, and N output interfaces, and the transmission control unit is configured to output the ultrasonic pulse signal via at least one output interface corresponding to the first selection signal according to the first selection signal, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; the N transmitting and receiving devices are connected with the N output interfaces in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each transmitting and receiving device is used for transmitting the ultrasonic pulse signals transmitted to the transmitting and receiving device to a corresponding sensor and receiving ultrasonic echo signals returned by the sensor; and the receiving control unit comprises N input interfaces in one-to-one correspondence with the N transmitting receivers, a selection interface for receiving a second selection signal and an output interface, and is used for outputting the ultrasonic echo signal input to the input interface corresponding to the second selection signal through the output interface.
In combination with the technical solution provided by the second aspect, in some possible embodiments, the sensor control device further includes an amplifier, the transceiver is connected to the receiving control unit through the amplifier, and the amplifier is configured to amplify the ultrasonic echo signal.
In combination with the technical solution provided by the second aspect, in some possible embodiments, the amplifier is a variable gain amplifier, and the variable gain amplifier is configured to receive a control signal and adjust its gain according to the control signal.
In combination with the technical solution provided by the second aspect, in some possible embodiments, the ultrasonic excitation module includes a function generator and a power amplifier, wherein the function generator is configured to generate an initial ultrasonic pulse signal; the power amplifier is used for amplifying the initial ultrasonic pulse signal to obtain the ultrasonic pulse signal and transmitting the ultrasonic pulse signal to the sensor control device.
In the embodiment of the application, the power amplifier amplifies the initial ultrasonic pulse signal of the parameter of the function generator, so that the ultrasonic echo signal obtained by the subsequent sensor based on the ultrasonic pulse signal is more accurate, and the requirement on the power of the function generator can be reduced.
In combination with the technical solution provided by the second aspect, in some possible implementations, the signal processing module includes an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a processing circuit, where the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is configured to convert the ultrasonic echo signal into a digital signal; the processing circuit is used for obtaining the speed and the moving direction of the fluid to be measured under the one-dimensional coordinate system according to the ultrasonic echo signal converted into the digital signal.
With reference to the technical solution provided by the second aspect, in some possible implementations, the processing circuit is specifically configured to filter the ultrasonic echo signal converted into the digital signal, and perform quadrature demodulation on the filtered ultrasonic echo signal to obtain an in-phase signal and a quadrature signal; low-pass filtering the in-phase signal and the orthogonal signal, and integrating the in-phase signal and the orthogonal signal after the low-pass filtering to obtain an integrated signal; obtaining an autocorrelation function signal comprising a real part and an imaginary part based on a preset autocorrelation function and the plurality of groups of the integrated signals; and obtaining angular frequency based on the real part and the imaginary part, and obtaining the speed and the motion direction of the fluid to be measured under a one-dimensional coordinate system based on the angular frequency.
In the embodiment of the application, the in-phase signal and the orthogonal signal obtained by filtering the ultrasonic echo signal and performing orthogonal demodulation on the filtered ultrasonic echo signal are subjected to low-pass filtering, so that the finally obtained in-phase signal and orthogonal signal are more accurate, and a more accurate integrated signal is obtained; meanwhile, the real part and the imaginary part of the autocorrelation function are obtained by utilizing a preset rule and a plurality of groups of integrated signals, the angular frequency is further obtained on the basis of the real part and the imaginary part, the speed and the moving direction of the fluid to be measured under the one-dimensional coordinate system are obtained on the basis of the angular frequency, and the speed and the moving direction of the fluid to be measured under the one-dimensional coordinate system can be accurately obtained.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an ultrasonic velocimetry system, including a processor, two ultrasonic velocimeters as described in the second aspect embodiment above and/or any possible implementation manner in combination with the second aspect embodiment above, which are respectively used to measure a first speed and a first speed of a fluid to be measured in a one-dimensional coordinate system and a second speed of the fluid to be measured in the one-dimensional coordinate system, where the first speed and the second speed are perpendicular to each other; and the processor is used for obtaining the speed and the moving direction of the fluid to be detected under the two-dimensional coordinate system according to the moving directions of the first speed and the moving directions of the second speed and the second speed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an ultrasonic speed measurement system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of an ultrasonic velocimeter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sensor control device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission control unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another emission control unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving control unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart illustrating that a processor obtains a speed and a moving direction of a fluid to be measured in a one-dimensional coordinate system based on an ultrasonic echo signal according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and not for purposes of indicating or implying relative importance, and do not denote any order or order.
In the description of the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements.
The technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic speed measurement system according to an embodiment of the present application, including two ultrasonic speed meters and a processor.
The two ultrasonic velocimeters are respectively used for measuring the first speed and the first speed of the fluid to be measured in the one-dimensional coordinate system and the second speed of the fluid to be measured in the one-dimensional coordinate system, and the first speed and the second speed are perpendicular to each other in the moving direction.
And the processor is used for obtaining the speed and the moving direction of the fluid to be measured under the two-dimensional coordinate system according to the first speed, the moving direction of the first speed and the moving direction of the second speed.
The magnitude and the direction of the first speed and the second speed are known, so that the first speed and the second speed can be synthesized by a vector synthesis method, and further the speed and the moving direction of the fluid to be measured in a two-dimensional coordinate system can be obtained.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic velocimeter according to an embodiment of the present application, where the ultrasonic velocimeter includes an ultrasonic excitation module, N sensors, a sensor control device, and a signal processing module. The ultrasonic excitation module is used for generating an ultrasonic pulse signal and transmitting the ultrasonic pulse signal to the sensor control device, the sensor control device transmits the ultrasonic pulse signal to the sensor, receives an ultrasonic echo signal returned by the sensor and transmits the ultrasonic echo signal to the signal processing module, so that the signal processing module obtains the speed and the direction of the fluid to be measured in the one-dimensional coordinate system based on the ultrasonic echo signal.
The ultrasonic excitation module is used for generating an ultrasonic pulse signal, and in one embodiment, the ultrasonic excitation module includes a function generator, and the function generator is used for generating the ultrasonic pulse signal, wherein the function generator may be any type of function generator as long as the ultrasonic pulse signal meeting the actual use requirement can be generated, and the ultrasonic excitation module is not limited herein.
Optionally, the ultrasonic excitation module further includes a power amplification module, and after the function generator generates the initial ultrasonic pulse signal, the power amplifier is configured to amplify the initial ultrasonic pulse signal, obtain an ultrasonic pulse signal, and output the ultrasonic pulse signal. The amplification factor of the power amplifier can be set according to actual requirements, and the specific model and the amplification factor of the power amplifier are not limited here.
Each of the N sensors is configured to receive an ultrasonic pulse signal, emit an ultrasonic wave according to the received ultrasonic pulse signal, and receive an ultrasonic wave reflected by the ultrasonic wave to generate an ultrasonic echo signal. The sensor is an ultrasonic sensor, and an ultrasonic sensor array is formed by a plurality of ultrasonic sensors.
And the sensor control device is connected with the N sensors and is used for receiving the ultrasonic pulse signals, the first selection signals and the second selection signals, transmitting the ultrasonic pulse signals to at least one sensor corresponding to the first selection signals in the N sensors and outputting ultrasonic echo signals returned by at least one sensor corresponding to the second selection signals in the N sensors.
In one embodiment, the sensor control device may include a transmitting control unit, N transmitting receivers, and a receiving control unit, and for facilitating understanding of the structure of the sensor control device, please refer to fig. 3.
The transmitting control unit is used for transmitting the ultrasonic pulse signals to at least one transmitting receiver corresponding to the selection signals in the N transmitting receivers, the transmitting receivers are used for transmitting the ultrasonic pulse signals to the sensors correspondingly connected with the transmitting receivers, receiving the ultrasonic echo signals returned by the sensors and outputting the ultrasonic echo signals through the receiving control unit.
The transmitting control unit comprises an input interface for receiving ultrasonic pulse signals, a selection interface for receiving first selection signals and N output interfaces, the transmitting control unit is used for outputting the ultrasonic pulse signals through at least one output interface corresponding to the first selection signals according to the first selection signals, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The ultrasonic pulse signal can be selected from any one or more output interfaces in the transmission control unit to output the ultrasonic pulse signal by controlling the selection signal, and the output interface can be specifically controlled to output the ultrasonic pulse signal, and the ultrasonic pulse signal can be selected by the control signal according to the actual requirement, which is not limited here.
Optionally, when N is 3, the structure of the transmission control unit is as shown in fig. 4, that is, the transmission control unit includes an input interface a11, a selection interface S11, an output interface B11, an output interface B12, and an output interface B13, where the first selection signal may control any one or more output interfaces to output the ultrasonic pulse signal, for example, may control all output interfaces not to output the ultrasonic pulse signal; alternatively, an output interface can be controlled to output ultrasonic pulse signals, for example, any one of B11, B12 and B13 outputs ultrasonic pulse signals; alternatively, two output interfaces may be controlled to output ultrasonic pulse signals, for example, B11 and B12 may be controlled to output ultrasonic pulse signals, B12 and B13 may be controlled to output ultrasonic pulse signals, or B11 and B13 may be controlled to output ultrasonic pulse signals; or, the 3 output interfaces of B11, B12 and B13 can be controlled to output ultrasonic pulse signals. The foregoing examples are provided merely for the purpose of explanation and are in no way to be construed as limiting of the present application.
In an embodiment, the number of bits of the binary code of the first selection signal is the same as the number of the output interfaces, that is, the first selection signal is an N-bit binary code, and each bit of the binary code of the first selection signal controls whether one output interface outputs the ultrasonic pulse signal, for example, when the 1 st bit of the binary code is 1, the output interface corresponding to the 1 st bit of the binary code is controlled to output the ultrasonic pulse signal, or, when the 1 st bit of the binary code is 0, the output interface corresponding to the 1 st bit of the binary code is controlled to output the ultrasonic pulse signal. The selection interface of each bit binary code control is preset, taking the number of bits of binary codes as 3 as an example, when the output interfaces are B11, B12 and B13, the first bit binary code control B11, the second bit binary code control B12 and the third bit binary code control B13 are set.
In another embodiment, the first selection signal includes a plurality of selection signals, each selection signal controls a corresponding output interface, the coding of each output interface is different, when the selection signal and the coding of the output interface are the same, the output interface corresponding to the coding is controlled to output the ultrasonic pulse signal, for example, when the output interfaces are B11, B12, and B13, the coding of B11 is 001, the coding of B12 is 010, the coding of B13 is 011, and when the first selection signal includes the selection signal binary coded to 001, the B11 is controlled to output the ultrasonic pulse signal; when the first selection signal includes a selection signal binary-coded to 010, the control B12 outputs an ultrasonic pulse signal; when the first selection signal includes a selection signal binary-coded to 011, the control B13 outputs an ultrasonic pulse signal.
Optionally, the emission control unit may include a control module and N switches, for convenience of understanding, please refer to fig. 5, where one ends of the N switches are all connected to the input interface, the other end of each of the N switches is connected to one of the N output interfaces, and the control module is configured to control the switches to be disconnected or connected according to the first selection signal, so as to control the different output interfaces to output the ultrasonic pulse signal.
The N transmitting and receiving units are connected with the N output interfaces of the transmitting and controlling unit in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each transmitting and receiving unit is used for transmitting the ultrasonic pulse signals transmitted to the transmitting and receiving unit to the corresponding sensor and receiving the ultrasonic echo signals returned by the sensor. The specific operation principle and implementation of the transmitter and receiver are well known to those skilled in the art, and are not described herein again for the sake of brevity.
And the receiving control unit comprises N input interfaces in one-to-one correspondence with the N transmitting receivers, a selection interface for receiving a second selection signal and an output interface, and is used for outputting the ultrasonic echo signal input to the input interface corresponding to the second selection signal through the output interface. The receiving control unit may select any one or more input interfaces in the receiving control unit to input the ultrasonic echo signal by controlling the selection signal, specifically control the input interface to input the ultrasonic pulse signal, and may select the input interface by the control signal according to the actual requirement, which is not limited herein.
Optionally, when N is 3, the structure of the receiving control unit is as shown in fig. 6, that is, the receiving control unit includes an input interface a21, a22, a23, a selection interface, 21, and an output interface B21, where the selection signal may control any one or more input interfaces to input the ultrasonic echo signal, for example, may control all input interfaces not to input the ultrasonic pulse signal; alternatively, an input interface may be controlled to input the ultrasonic echo signal, for example, any one of a21, a22, a 23; alternatively, two input interfaces may be controlled to input ultrasonic echo signals, for example, a21 and a22 may be controlled to input ultrasonic echo signals, a22 and a23 may be controlled to input ultrasonic echo signals, or a21 and a23 may be controlled to input ultrasonic echo signals; or, the 3 output interfaces a21, a22 and a23 can be controlled to input ultrasonic echo signals. The foregoing examples are provided merely for the purpose of explanation and are in no way to be construed as limiting of the present application.
The specific implementation manner and the operation principle of the second selection signal are the same as those of the first selection signal described above, and are not described herein again for the sake of brevity.
Optionally, the receiving control unit may include a control module and N switches, one end of each of the N switches is connected to the output interface, the other end of each of the N switches is connected to one of the N input interfaces, and the control module is configured to control the switches to be disconnected or connected according to the second selection signal, so as to control the different input interfaces to input the ultrasonic echo signal.
In another embodiment, the sensor control device may further include an amplifier in addition to the transmitting control unit, the N transmitting receivers, and the receiving control unit, wherein the transmitting receiver is connected to the receiving control unit through the amplifier, and the amplifier is configured to amplify the ultrasonic echo signal to compensate for attenuation of the ultrasonic echo signal caused by flight in the fluid to be measured, so as to improve accuracy of the ultrasonic echo signal and make a subsequent calculation of the velocity of the fluid to be measured more accurate.
The amplifier can be any type of amplifier, and the amplifiers with different gains can be selected according to actual requirements, which is not limited herein. Optionally, the amplifier may be a variable gain amplifier, and the variable gain amplifier is configured to receive the control signal and adjust its gain according to the control signal.
The signal processing module is used for processing the ultrasonic echo signal sent by the sensor control device to obtain the speed and the moving direction of the fluid to be measured in the one-dimensional coordinate system. Optionally, the signal processing module includes an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a processing circuit.
The analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used for converting the ultrasonic echo signal into a digital signal; the processing circuit is used for obtaining the speed and the moving direction of the fluid to be measured under the one-dimensional coordinate system according to the ultrasonic echo signal converted into the digital signal.
In an optional implementation manner, the process of obtaining the speed and the motion direction of the fluid to be measured in the one-dimensional coordinate system by the processing circuit according to the ultrasonic echo signal converted into the digital signal may be that, first, the ultrasonic echo signal converted into the digital signal is subjected to band-pass filtering, and the ultrasonic echo signal subjected to the band-pass filtering is subjected to quadrature demodulation to obtain an in-phase signal and a quadrature signal; then, carrying out low-pass filtering on the in-phase signal and the orthogonal signal, and integrating the in-phase signal and the orthogonal signal after the low-pass filtering to obtain an integrated signal; then obtaining an autocorrelation function signal comprising a real part and an imaginary part based on a preset autocorrelation function and the plurality of groups of integrated signals; and finally, obtaining angular frequency based on the real part and the imaginary part of the autocorrelation function, and obtaining the speed and the motion direction of the fluid to be measured in a one-dimensional coordinate system based on the angular frequency.
To facilitate understanding of the process of the processing circuit obtaining the speed and the moving direction of the fluid to be measured in the one-dimensional coordinate system according to the ultrasonic echo signal converted into the digital signal, please refer to fig. 7, as shown in fig. 7, after receiving the ultrasonic echo signal, the processing circuit first performs band-pass filtering on the ultrasonic echo signal to obtain the frequency at the frequency f0Nearby ultrasonic echo signal, f0The frequency of the ultrasonic pulse signal is then compared with the frequency of cos (2 π f)0t) to obtain an in-phase signal I (t), and simultaneously, the ultrasonic echo signal after band-pass filtering is multiplied by sin (2 pi f)0t) obtaining an orthogonal signal Q (t) to finish orthogonal demodulation; then, low-pass filtering is respectively carried out on the in-phase signal I (t) and the quadrature signal Q (t) to remove the high-frequency partial wave after quadrature demodulation, and the in-phase signal I (t) and the quadrature signal Q (t) after low-pass filtering are obtained) ', then obtaining an integrated signal z (t) ═ i (t) ' + jq (t) ', based on the inphase signal i (t) ' and the quadrature signal q (t) '; then based on a preset rule and a plurality of groups of integrated signals Z (t), obtaining an autocorrelation function R (t) comprising a real part and an imaginary part,
wherein K is the number of integration signals Z (t), Z (i) and Z (i +1) are two adjacent integration signals obtained by the processor, Z (i +1)*Is complex conjugate of Z (i + 1). Finally based on real part R of autocorrelation function R (t)I(t) and imaginary part RO(t) obtaining angular frequency
And based on the angular frequency
And obtaining the speed and the moving direction of the fluid to be measured under the one-dimensional coordinate system.
In one embodiment, the above process of calculating the angular frequency may be:
first, the autocorrelation function may be:
wherein A (tau) is an even function of tau,
an odd function of τ, τ being an independent variable, the angular frequency
Comprises the following steps:
or, angular frequency
Comprises the following steps:
wherein R (T) is:
wherein Z (i) and Z (i +1) are two adjacent digital signals obtained by the processor, and represent complex conjugates, and writing Z (i) as a sum of orthogonal vectors:
Z(i)＝I(i)+jQ(i)
substituting Z (i) into the formula
The following can be obtained:
from this, the angular frequency can be calculated
And then the speed v is calculated and obtained,
in one embodiment, in order to reduce the processing pressure of the processor, the processing circuit may further include a first processor and a second processor, where the first processor and the second processor respectively execute a part of the process of obtaining the speed and the moving direction of the fluid to be measured in the one-dimensional coordinate system according to the ultrasonic echo signal converted into the digital signal by the processing circuit, for example, the first processor performs band-pass filtering on the ultrasonic echo signal converted into the digital signal, and performs quadrature demodulation on the ultrasonic echo signal after the band-pass filtering to obtain an in-phase signal and a quadrature signal; the in-phase signal and the quadrature signal are then low pass filtered and the low pass filtered in-phase signal and quadrature signal are transmitted to a second processor.
The second processor receives the in-phase signal and the orthogonal signal after the low-pass filtering and integrates the in-phase signal and the orthogonal signal to obtain an integrated signal; then based on a preset rule and a plurality of groups of integrated signals, obtaining an autocorrelation function comprising a real part and an imaginary part; and finally, obtaining angular frequency based on the real part and the imaginary part of the autocorrelation function, and obtaining the speed and the motion direction of the fluid to be measured in a one-dimensional coordinate system based on the angular frequency.
In an embodiment, the processor, the first processor, and the second processor may be an integrated circuit chip having a data processing capability. The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; but also Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete Gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A sensor control device, comprising:
the transmission control unit is used for simultaneously outputting the ultrasonic pulse signals through at least one output interface corresponding to the first selection signal according to the first selection signal, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
the N transmitting and receiving devices are connected with the N output interfaces in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each transmitting and receiving device is used for transmitting the ultrasonic pulse signals transmitted to the transmitting and receiving device to a corresponding sensor and receiving ultrasonic echo signals returned by the sensor;
and the receiving control unit comprises N input interfaces in one-to-one correspondence with the N transmitting receivers, a selection interface for receiving a second selection signal and an output interface, and is used for outputting the ultrasonic echo signal input to the input interface corresponding to the second selection signal through the output interface.
2. The sensor control apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
and each transmitting and receiving unit is connected with the receiving control unit through one amplifier, and the amplifier is used for amplifying the ultrasonic echo signal input by the amplifier.
3. The sensor control device of claim 2, wherein the amplifier is a variable gain amplifier configured to receive a control signal and adjust its gain according to the control signal.
4. An ultrasonic velocimeter, comprising:
the ultrasonic excitation module is used for generating an ultrasonic pulse signal;
n sensors;
the sensor control device is connected with the N sensors and is used for receiving the ultrasonic pulse signals, the first selection signals and the second selection signals, transmitting the ultrasonic pulse signals to at least one sensor corresponding to the first selection signals in the N sensors and outputting ultrasonic echo signals returned by at least one sensor corresponding to the second selection signals in the N sensors;
and the signal processing module is used for processing the ultrasonic echo signal sent by the sensor control device to obtain the speed and the movement direction of the fluid to be measured in the one-dimensional coordinate system.
5. The ultrasonic velocimeter of claim 4, wherein the sensor control means comprises:
the transmission control unit is used for simultaneously outputting the ultrasonic pulse signals through at least one output interface corresponding to the first selection signal according to the first selection signal, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
the N transmitting and receiving devices are connected with the N output interfaces in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and each transmitting and receiving device is used for transmitting the ultrasonic pulse signals transmitted to the transmitting and receiving device to a corresponding sensor and receiving ultrasonic echo signals returned by the sensor;
and the receiving control unit comprises N input interfaces in one-to-one correspondence with the N transmitting receivers, a selection interface for receiving a second selection signal and an output interface, and is used for outputting the ultrasonic echo signal input to the input interface corresponding to the second selection signal through the output interface.
6. The ultrasonic velocimeter of claim 5, wherein the sensor control means further comprises:
the transmitting receiver is connected with the receiving control unit through the variable gain amplifier, and the variable gain amplifier is used for receiving a control signal and adjusting the gain of the transmitting receiver according to the control signal.
7. The ultrasonic velocimeter of claim 4, wherein the ultrasonic excitation module comprises:
the function generator is used for generating an initial ultrasonic pulse signal;
and the power amplifier is used for amplifying the initial ultrasonic pulse signal to obtain the ultrasonic pulse signal and transmitting the ultrasonic pulse signal to the sensor control device.
8. The ultrasonic velocimeter of claim 4, wherein the signal processing module comprises:
the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used for converting the ultrasonic echo signal into a digital signal;
and the processing circuit is used for obtaining the speed and the movement direction of the fluid to be measured in the one-dimensional coordinate system according to the ultrasonic echo signal converted into the digital signal.
9. The ultrasonic velocimeter of claim 8, wherein the processing circuit is specifically configured to:
performing band-pass filtering on the ultrasonic echo signal converted into the digital signal, and performing quadrature demodulation on the ultrasonic echo signal subjected to the band-pass filtering to obtain an in-phase signal and a quadrature signal;
low-pass filtering the in-phase signal and the orthogonal signal, and integrating the in-phase signal and the orthogonal signal after the low-pass filtering to obtain an integrated signal;
obtaining an autocorrelation function signal comprising a real part and an imaginary part based on a preset autocorrelation function and the plurality of groups of the integrated signals;
and obtaining angular frequency based on the real part and the imaginary part, and obtaining the speed and the motion direction of the fluid to be measured under a one-dimensional coordinate system based on the angular frequency.
10. An ultrasonic speed measurement system, comprising:
two ultrasonic velocimeters according to any of claims 4 to 9 for measuring the direction of movement of a fluid to be measured at a first velocity and a first speed in a one-dimensional coordinate system and the direction of movement of said fluid to be measured at a second velocity and a second speed in a one-dimensional coordinate system, respectively, wherein the direction of movement of said first velocity is perpendicular to the direction of movement of said second velocity;
and the processor is used for obtaining the speed and the moving direction of the fluid to be detected under the two-dimensional coordinate system according to the moving directions of the first speed and the moving directions of the second speed and the second speed.
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