CN114216110A - Heat pump assisted heating step waste heat recovery steam generation system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Heat pump assisted heating step waste heat recovery steam generation system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 191
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 231
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007907 direct compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/16—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being hot liquid or hot vapour, e.g. waste liquid, waste vapour
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses supplementary intensification step waste heat recovery steam generation system of heat pump, it includes step waste heat recovery system, hot compression system and mechanical compression system. The application also relates to a working method of the heat pump auxiliary heating step waste heat recovery steam generation system. In this application, at first carry out recovery for the first time through direct heat transfer and low temperature evaporation to high temperature waste heat, obtain low-grade waste heat, with the help of heat pump system afterwards, improved the temperature of low-grade waste heat, the rethread heat transfer forms high temperature high pressure water vapour, realizes retrieving once more and utilizing the high temperature waste heat that has retrieved, reaches the degree of depth recovery of high temperature waste heat.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conservation and heat pumps, in particular to a heat pump auxiliary heating step waste heat recovery steam generation system and a working method thereof.
Background
The steam boiler can provide high-temperature and high-pressure steam and is widely applied to various process flows of industrial production and daily life. The conventional steam boilers mainly include fuel boilers and electric boilers. The fuel boilers generally include coal boilers and gas boilers. However, both fuel boilers and electric boilers have their own disadvantages that are difficult to overcome. In the fuel combustion process of the fuel boiler, due to the existence of impurities in the fuel, pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide can be generated, and the environment is greatly polluted and damaged. The electric heat conversion efficiency of the electric boiler is lower than 1, namely one part of electric energy can only be converted into less than one part of heat energy. Therefore, the electric boiler has the disadvantages of huge electric energy consumption, high use cost and large load impact on the power grid.
As an innovative energy-saving and emission-reducing technology, the steam generation system based on the heat pump can reduce carbon emission without consuming fossil fuel, and is increasingly favored by the industrial industry. However, the existing heat pump-based steam generation system has certain requirements on a heat source, and further popularization and application of the heat pump-based steam generation system are limited. In addition, in the existing production processes, the high-temperature waste heat with the temperature of about 90 ℃ cannot be effectively recovered. After the high-temperature waste heat is generally recovered for the first time, the residual waste heat becomes useless as a low-grade heat source, and is only wasted.
For this reason, those skilled in the art need to develop a steam generation system capable of deeply recovering waste heat.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a heat pump auxiliary heating cascade waste heat recovery steam generation system capable of deeply recovering waste heat. Particularly, this application is at first through direct heat transfer and low temperature evaporation carry out the first recovery to high temperature waste heat, obtain low-grade waste heat, with the help of heat pump system afterwards, has improved the temperature of low-grade waste heat, and the rethread heat transfer forms high temperature high pressure water vapour, realizes retrieving once more and utilizing the high temperature waste heat that has retrieved once, reaches the degree of depth of high temperature waste heat and retrieves.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a heat pump assisted warming step waste heat recovery steam generation system, which is characterized in that the heat pump assisted warming step waste heat recovery steam generation system comprises a step waste heat recovery system, a thermal compression system and a mechanical compression system;
the cascade waste heat recovery system comprises a waste heat water inlet pipe, a low-temperature evaporation tank, a heat pump evaporator, a heat pump compressor, a water supplementing pipe, a high-temperature evaporation tank, a pressure reduction regulating valve and a waste heat water outlet pipe, wherein a high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe is arranged in the high-temperature evaporation tank, a low-temperature evaporation spiral pipe is arranged in the low-temperature evaporation tank, the water supplementing pipe is used for supplying water to the high-temperature evaporation tank, the waste heat water inlet pipe, the low-temperature evaporation spiral pipe, the heat pump evaporator and the waste heat water outlet pipe form a fluid flow passage, and the high-temperature evaporation tank, the pressure reduction regulating valve and the low-temperature evaporation tank form a fluid flow passage; the heat pump evaporator, the heat pump compressor and the high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe form a fluid flow loop;
the hot compression system comprises a high-temperature evaporation tank, a low-temperature evaporation tank, an ejector pump and a gas storage cooling water tank, wherein the high-temperature evaporation tank provides high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor for the ejector pump, the low-temperature evaporation tank provides low-temperature and low-pressure water vapor for the ejector pump, and the gas storage cooling water tank is used for storing the water vapor formed after the ejection by the ejector pump;
the mechanical compression system comprises a high-temperature evaporation tank, a gas storage cooling water tank, a compressor water replenishing pump and a water vapor compressor, wherein the high-temperature evaporation tank, the compressor water replenishing pump and the water vapor compressor form a fluid flow passage for replenishing water to the water vapor compressor, and the gas storage cooling water tank is used for providing water vapor to be compressed to the water vapor compressor.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, the cascade waste heat recovery system further comprises a waste heat inlet bypass pipe for supplementing waste heat water to the heat pump evaporator.
In one embodiment of the first aspect, the cascade waste heat recovery system further comprises a waste heat return bypass pipe for discharging excess waste heat water from the high temperature evaporation coil.
In one embodiment of the first aspect, the high temperature evaporation tank comprises a high temperature evaporation tank drain pipe.
In one embodiment of the first aspect, the cryogenic vaporizer comprises a cryogenic vaporizer drain.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, the thermal compression system further includes a water tank circulation pump, and the high-temperature evaporation tank, the water tank circulation pump and the gas storage cooling water tank form a fluid flow loop.
In an embodiment of the first aspect, in the step waste heat recovery system, the waste heat inlet pipe is in fluid communication with a first end of the low-temperature evaporation spiral pipe, a second end of the low-temperature evaporation spiral pipe is in fluid communication with a first end of the waste heat return pipe, a second end of the waste heat return pipe is in fluid communication with the heat pump evaporator, the heat pump evaporator is in fluid communication with the waste heat outlet pipe, the waste heat inlet bypass pipe is in fluid communication with the waste heat return pipe, the waste heat inlet pipe is provided with a fourth stop valve, the waste heat outlet bypass pipe is in fluid communication with a second end of the low-temperature evaporation spiral pipe, and the waste heat outlet bypass pipe is provided with a sixth stop valve. In this embodiment, the heat pump evaporator is in fluid communication with the heat pump compressor through a heat pump inlet duct, the heat pump compressor is in fluid communication with the first end of the high temperature evaporation spiral duct through a heat pump outlet duct, the second end of the high temperature evaporation spiral duct is in fluid communication with the heat pump expansion valve through a heat pump return duct, and the heat pump expansion valve is in fluid communication with the heat pump evaporator through a heat pump inlet duct. In this embodiment, the water replenishing pipe is in fluid communication with the high temperature evaporator and the water replenishing pipe is provided with a first stop valve, the high temperature evaporator is in fluid communication with the low temperature evaporator through a pressure reducing pipe, and the pressure reducing pipe is provided with a pressure reducing regulating valve.
In an implementation manner of the first aspect, in the thermal compression system, the high-temperature evaporation tank is in fluid communication with the ejector pump through a power air inlet pipe, the low-temperature evaporation tank is in fluid communication with the ejector pump through an ejector air inlet pipe, and the ejector pump is in fluid communication with the air storage cooling water tank through an ejector pump exhaust pipe. In this embodiment, the low temperature evaporator tank is in fluid communication with a water tank circulation pump, the water tank circulation pump is in fluid communication with the gas storage cooling water tank through a water tank circulation pipe and a second regulating valve is disposed on the water tank circulation pipe, the gas storage cooling water tank is in fluid communication with the low temperature evaporator tank through a water tank return pipe, and a first regulating valve is disposed on the water tank return pipe.
In one embodiment of the first aspect, the ejector pump is in fluid communication with the gas storage cooling water tank through the ejector pump exhaust pipe, and the gas outlet is disposed below the liquid level of the gas storage cooling water tank.
In one embodiment of the first aspect, in the mechanical compression system, the high temperature evaporation tank, the compressor make-up water pump and the water vapor compressor are in fluid communication through a compressor make-up water pipe, and a third regulating valve is provided on the compressor make-up water pipe. In this embodiment, the air storage cooling water tank is in fluid communication with the steam compressor through the compressor air intake pipe, and the steam compressor delivers high temperature and high pressure steam to the outside through the compressor exhaust pipe.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method of operating a heat pump assisted warming cascade waste heat recovery steam generation system according to the first aspect, the method comprising the steps of:
firstly, the cascade waste heat recovery system starts to work, water working medium is added into a high-temperature evaporation tank through a water supplementing pipe, the high-temperature waste heat working medium enters a low-temperature evaporation spiral pipe of a low-temperature evaporation tank through a waste heat inlet pipe, the water working medium in the low-temperature evaporation tank is evaporated, low-temperature and low-pressure steam is obtained, and the first recovery utilization of high-temperature waste heat is realized; the high-temperature waste heat working medium after heat release flows into a heat pump evaporator to evaporate the working medium of the heat pump to obtain heat pump steam, and then the heat pump steam flows out of the system through a waste heat water outlet pipe; the high-pressure heat pump steam flows into the high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe, is condensed and released to circulate back to the heat pump evaporator, and heats the water working medium in the high-temperature evaporation tank by releasing heat in the high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe to obtain high-temperature high-pressure water vapor;
secondly, the hot compression system starts to work, high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor in the high-temperature evaporating pot is injected into low-temperature and low-pressure water vapor in the low-temperature evaporating pot through an injection pump to obtain medium-pressure water vapor, and the medium-pressure water vapor enters the gas storage cooling water tank;
and finally, the medium-pressure water vapor is compressed by a water vapor compressor to form water vapor with higher temperature and pressure, and meanwhile, the high-temperature water in the high-temperature evaporation tank is replenished to the water vapor compressor through a compressor water replenishing pump to reduce the superheat degree of the water vapor in the compression process.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:
1. the first utilization of high-temperature waste heat is realized by using the cascade waste heat recovery system, the heat of the cascade waste heat recovery system at a high-temperature stage is effectively utilized, and water vapor with corresponding temperature and pressure is generated;
2. by using the cascade waste heat recovery system, the secondary utilization of high-temperature waste heat is realized, the heat of the high-temperature waste heat at the low-temperature stage is effectively utilized, the temperature is raised through heat pump circulation, and water vapor with higher temperature and pressure than the water vapor generated by the first utilization of the heat at the high-temperature stage is generated in the high-temperature evaporation tank 10, so that the higher-temperature utilization of the heat at the high-temperature waste heat and the low-temperature stage is realized;
3. meanwhile, the cascade waste heat recovery system can utilize waste heat of various grades and sources, so that the use range of the waste heat is further expanded, and the practical value of the system is improved;
4. the low-grade heat source is used for generating steam with lower temperature and pressure, the low-grade heat source is an energy source which is wide in source (the low-grade heat source can be an air source, waste heat water, a geothermal source, a water source and the like), but is often ignored and wasted, and the use of the low-grade heat source is beneficial to reducing the consumption of primary energy, so that the energy conservation and emission reduction are assisted, and the early realization of carbon neutralization is promoted;
5. the high-temperature high-pressure steam generated by the heat in the low-temperature stage of the high-temperature waste heat is recycled by using the heat pump in a circulating manner, the low-temperature low-pressure steam is generated by recycling the heat in the high-temperature waste heat high-temperature stage, the temperature and the pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure steam and the low-temperature low-pressure steam generated by the waste heat can be integrally increased, the high-temperature high-pressure steam generated by recycling the heat in the high-temperature waste heat low-temperature stage by using the ejector pump is used for thermally compressing the steam with lower temperature and pressure generated by the high-temperature waste heat high-temperature stage to generate medium-pressure steam, the pressure increase of the lower temperature and pressure steam can be realized, the suction pressure of the steam compressor 61 can be favorably increased by using the high-temperature high-pressure steam and the high-pressure steam, the high-efficiency recycling of the low-grade waste heat is realized, the energy efficiency of the whole system is improved, and the power consumption of the system is reduced;
6. finally, the water vapor compressor 61 further compresses, boosts and heats the medium-pressure water vapor by mechanical compression to generate water vapor with higher temperature and pressure, so as to meet the use requirement of users, the mechanical compression efficiency is high, the stability is strong, the water vapor pressure and temperature can be effectively boosted to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the system;
7. the combination of the cascade waste heat recovery system, the thermal compression and the mechanical compression realizes the high-temperature and high-pressure steam which meets the requirements of users from various low-grade heat sources, and the low-grade heat sources are fully utilized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a heat pump assisted warm-up step waste heat recovery steam generation system according to one embodiment of the present application.
The reference numerals and names in the figures are as follows:
10 high-temperature evaporation tank, 11 first stop valve, 12 water replenishing pipe, 13 high-temperature evaporation tank water discharging pipe, 14 second stop valve, 15 high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe, 16 heat pump water returning pipe, 17 heat pump expansion valve, 18 heat pump water inlet pipe, 19 waste heat water returning pipe, 20 heat pump evaporator, 21 waste heat water discharging pipe, 22 heat pump air inlet pipe, 23 heat pump compressor, 24 heat pump air outlet pipe, 25 pressure reducing regulating valve, 26 pressure reducing pipe, 27 low-temperature evaporation tank, 28 waste heat water inlet pipe, 29 low-temperature evaporation spiral pipe, 30 third stop valve, 31 low-temperature evaporation tank water discharging pipe, 32 waste heat water inlet by-pass pipe, 33 fourth stop valve, 34 fifth stop valve, 35 sixth stop valve, 36 waste heat water return by-pass pipe, 50 power air inlet pipe, 51 ejector pump, 52 ejector air inlet pipe, 53 ejector pump air outlet pipe, 54 air storage cooling water tank, 55 first regulating valve, 56 water tank water returning pipe, 57 water tank circulating pump, 58 water tank circulating pipe, 59 second regulating valve, 60 compressor suction pipe, 61 vapor compressor, 62 compressor exhaust pipe, 63 third regulating valve, 64 compressor water replenishing pipe, 65 compressor water replenishing pump.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a heat pump assisted warming cascade waste heat recovery steam generation system, which mainly includes a cascade waste heat recovery system, a thermal compression system and a mechanical compression system. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the cascade waste heat recovery system and the thermal compression system are connected through the high-temperature evaporator 10 and the low-temperature evaporator 27. There is a high temperature evaporator coil 15 in the high temperature evaporator 10 and a low temperature evaporator coil 29 in the low temperature evaporator 27. The low-grade waste heat can be recycled and utilized in a gradient way through the high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe 15 and the low-temperature evaporation spiral pipe 29. High-temperature and high-pressure water vapor is generated in the high-temperature evaporator 10, and low-temperature and low-pressure water vapor is generated in the low-temperature evaporator 27. The thermal compression system and the mechanical compression system are connected with the gas storage and cooling water tank 54 through the high-temperature evaporation tank 10, and the step waste heat recovery system and the mechanical compression system are connected through the high-temperature evaporation tank 10.
In one embodiment, the step waste heat recovery system may include a high temperature evaporation tank 10, a first stop valve 11, a water replenishing pipe 12, a high temperature evaporation tank water discharging pipe 13, a second stop valve 14, a high temperature evaporation spiral pipe 15, a heat pump water returning pipe 16, a heat pump expansion valve 17, a heat pump water inlet pipe 18, a waste heat water returning pipe 19, a heat pump evaporator 20, a waste heat water discharging pipe 21, a heat pump air inlet pipe 22, a heat pump compressor 23, a heat pump air outlet pipe 24, a pressure reducing regulating valve 25, a pressure reducing pipe 26, a low temperature evaporation tank 27, a waste heat water inlet pipe 28, a low temperature evaporation spiral pipe 29, a third stop valve 30, a low temperature evaporation tank water discharging pipe 31, a waste heat water inlet bypass pipe 32, a fourth stop valve 33, a fifth stop valve 34, a sixth stop valve 35, and a waste heat water return bypass pipe 36.
In one embodiment, the thermal compression system includes a high temperature evaporation tank 10, a low temperature evaporation tank 27, a power intake pipe 50, a jet pump 51, a jet intake pipe 52, a jet pump exhaust pipe 53, a gas storage cooling water tank 54, a first regulating valve 55, a water tank return pipe 56, a water tank circulating pump 57, a water tank circulating pipe 58, and a second regulating valve 59.
In one embodiment, the mechanical compression system comprises a high temperature evaporator 10, a gas storage cooling water tank 54, a compressor suction pipe 60, a water vapor compressor 61, a compressor discharge pipe 62, a third regulating valve 63, a compressor water replenishing pipe 64 and a compressor water replenishing pump 65.
Next, the working method of the heat pump assisted warming step waste heat recovery steam generation system described herein will be described.
During normal operation, the cascade waste heat recovery system firstly operates, the high-temperature waste heat working medium enters the low-temperature evaporation spiral pipe 29 in the low-temperature evaporation tank 27 through the waste heat inlet pipe 28, and releases heat in the low-temperature evaporation spiral pipe 29 and heats the water working medium in the low-temperature evaporation tank 27 to absorb heat for evaporation. The water working medium in the low-temperature evaporating pot 27 absorbs heat and evaporates to generate low-temperature and low-pressure steam, and the high-temperature waste heat working medium realizes the first waste heat utilization in the low-temperature evaporating spiral pipe 29, thereby effectively utilizing the heat of the high-temperature waste heat working medium in the high-temperature stage. The high-temperature waste heat working medium releases heat and then flows into the heat pump evaporator 20 through the waste heat return pipe 19, further releases heat in the heat pump evaporator 20, and heats the heat pump working medium in the heat pump evaporator 20 to evaporate the heat pump working medium. The heat in the high-temperature waste heat working medium is further recycled, and the cascade recycling is realized. The high-temperature waste heat after heat release flows out of the system through the waste heat outlet pipe 21. The heated heat pump working medium in the heat pump evaporator 20 generates low-pressure heat pump steam, and the low-pressure heat pump steam enters the heat pump compressor 23 through the heat pump air inlet pipe 22 and is compressed, boosted and heated to form high-pressure heat pump steam. The high-pressure heat pump steam flows into the high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe 15 in the high-temperature evaporation tank 10 through the heat pump air outlet pipe 24. The high-pressure heat pump steam is condensed in the high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe 15 to release heat, heat pump working medium condensate is formed and water working medium in the high-temperature evaporation tank 10 is heated to generate high-temperature high-pressure steam, the condensed heat pump working medium condensate flows into the heat pump expansion valve 17 through the heat pump water return pipe 16, and the condensed heat pump working medium condensate is expanded, cooled and depressurized in the heat pump expansion valve 17 to form low-temperature low-pressure wet steam and flows into the heat pump evaporator 20 through the heat pump water inlet pipe 18 to form a complete heat pump cycle. The heat pump circulation realizes the secondary utilization of the high-temperature waste heat, effectively recovers the heat of the high-temperature waste heat in the low-temperature stage, further improves the temperature of the high-temperature waste heat and then makes full use of the heat, the high-temperature evaporation tank 10 is also provided with a water replenishing pipe 12, and the water replenishing pipe 12 is provided with a first stop valve 11. Softened make-up water can flow through the first stop valve 11 through the make-up water pipe 12 and enter the high temperature evaporation tank 10, and make up the water working medium lost due to the generation of high temperature and high pressure steam in the high temperature evaporation tank 10. The high-temperature evaporation tank 10 is also provided with a high-temperature evaporation tank drain pipe 13, and the high-temperature evaporation tank drain pipe 13 is provided with a second stop valve 14. The waste water working medium and the redundant water working medium in the high-temperature evaporation tank 10 can flow through the second stop valve 14 through the high-temperature evaporation tank drain pipe 13 and then are discharged out of the high-temperature evaporation tank 10. A pressure reducing pipe 26 is arranged between the high-temperature evaporating pot 10 and the low-temperature evaporating pot 27, a pressure reducing adjusting valve 25 is arranged on the pressure reducing pipe 26, and high-temperature water working medium in the high-temperature evaporating pot 10 can flow through the pressure reducing adjusting valve 25 through the pressure reducing pipe 26 and enter the low-temperature evaporating pot 27. When flowing through the pressure reduction regulating valve 25, the high-temperature water medium can be flashed to reduce the temperature and reduce the pressure, so that the water medium lost due to the generation of low-temperature low-pressure water vapor in the low-temperature evaporation tank 27 can be compensated, and part of the low-temperature low-pressure water vapor can be generated. The low-temperature evaporation tank 27 is also provided with a low-temperature evaporation tank drain pipe 31, the low-temperature evaporation tank drain pipe 31 is provided with a third stop valve 30, and the waste water working medium and the redundant water working medium in the low-temperature evaporation tank 27 can flow through the third stop valve 30 through the low-temperature evaporation tank drain pipe 31 and then are discharged out of the low-temperature evaporation tank 27.
In addition to the above working method, a waste heat water inlet bypass pipe 32 and a waste heat water return bypass pipe 36 are connected to the waste heat water return pipe 19, the waste heat water inlet bypass pipe 32 is connected between the heat pump evaporator 20 and the fifth stop valve 34, the waste heat water return bypass pipe 36 is connected between the low temperature evaporation spiral pipe 29 and the fifth stop valve 34, the waste heat water inlet bypass pipe 32 is provided with the fourth stop valve 33, and the waste heat water return bypass pipe 36 is provided with the sixth stop valve 35. Except step waste heat recovery, also can match the use when having the waste heat of multiple different temperatures, fifth stop valve 34 closes this moment, waste heat of the same kind gets into low temperature evaporation spiral pipe 29 through waste heat inlet tube 28 and releases heat after directly flowing out the system through waste heat return water pipe 19 and waste heat return water bypass pipe 36, produce low temperature low pressure vapor in low temperature evaporator 27, another way waste heat flows into heat pump evaporator 20 through waste heat inlet bypass pipe 32 and waste heat return water pipe 19 and releases heat after flowing out the system, its heat produces high temperature high pressure vapor in high temperature evaporator 10 after the heat rises temperature through the heat pump circulation, the range of application of system and the waste heat quality that can retrieve have further been expanded to this kind of use, the practical value of system has been improved.
Then the thermal compression system works, the high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor generated in the high-temperature evaporation tank 10 flows into the ejector pump 51 through the power air inlet pipe 50 to eject the water vapor with lower temperature and pressure generated in the low-temperature evaporation tank 27. The water vapor with lower temperature and pressure in the low-temperature evaporation tank 27 flows into the ejector pump 51 through the ejector air inlet pipe 52 and is thermally compressed by the high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor in the high-temperature evaporation tank 10, and the compressed water vapor are mixed into intermediate-pressure water vapor which possibly has a certain superheat degree. The intermediate pressure steam flows below the liquid level of the gas storage cooling water tank 54 through the ejector pump exhaust pipe 53, the medium temperature liquid water in the gas storage cooling water tank 54 absorbs the superheat of the intermediate pressure steam and evaporates to increase the generated steam amount, and the superheat degree of the intermediate pressure steam is reduced. The medium temperature liquid water in the gas storage cooling water tank 54 can flow through the first regulating valve 55 through the water tank return pipe 56 and flow back into the low temperature evaporation tank 27, so that the consumption of the low temperature water working medium in the low temperature evaporation tank 27 due to evaporation can be compensated, and meanwhile, the low temperature water working medium in the low temperature evaporation tank 27 can also flow through the second regulating valve 59 through the water tank circulating pump 57 and the water tank circulating pipe 58 and enter the gas storage cooling water tank 54, so that the loss of the water working medium in the gas storage cooling water tank 54 due to the superheated evaporation of absorbing the intermediate pressure water vapor is compensated.
Finally, the mechanical compression system works, the intermediate pressure water vapor in the gas storage cooling water tank 54 is sucked and compressed by the water vapor compressor 61 through the compressor suction pipe 60, and the water vapor with higher temperature and pressure is generated and then supplied to the user through the compressor exhaust pipe 62. In the process that the water vapor compressor 61 compresses the intermediate-pressure water vapor, the high-temperature water in the high-temperature evaporation tank 10 is delivered into the compression cavity of the water vapor compressor 61 by the compressor water replenishing pump 65 through the compressor water replenishing pipe 64 and the third regulating valve 63, and the overheating generated by the compression of the intermediate-pressure water vapor by the water vapor compressor 61 is absorbed in the compression cavity, so that the final exhaust temperature is reduced, and the safe and stable operation of the unit is ensured.
In the above system, the high temperature evaporation tank 10, the low temperature evaporation tank 27 and the gas storage and temperature reduction water tank 54 not only have the function of generating water vapor, but also are storage bodies of water working medium and water vapor.
In a preferred embodiment, when the temperature of the waste heat working medium inlet through the waste heat water inlet pipe 28 is 90 ℃, the waste heat working medium exchanges heat with the water working medium in the low-temperature evaporation tank 27 in the low-temperature evaporation spiral pipe 29, the temperature of the waste heat working medium leaving from the low-temperature evaporation spiral pipe 29 is 80 ℃, water vapor at 75 ℃ can be generated, and the water vapor pressure is 0.39bar, so that the recovery and utilization of 90 ℃ to 80 ℃ waste heat of the waste heat working medium in the high-temperature stage are realized. The waste heat working medium with the temperature of 80 ℃ flows into the heat pump evaporator 20 through the waste heat return pipe 19, the working medium in the heat pump circulation is heated by heat release in the heat pump evaporator 20, the temperature of the waste heat working medium leaving the heat pump evaporator 20 is 70 ℃, and heat pump working medium steam with the temperature of 65 ℃ can be generated. The working medium of the heat pump is evaporated at 65 ℃, then the working medium is compressed by a heat pump compressor to realize temperature rise of 40 ℃, the working medium is condensed at 105 ℃ in the high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe 15 and exchanges heat with the water working medium in the high-temperature evaporation tank 10, the water working medium in the high-temperature evaporation tank 10 is evaporated at 100 ℃, and the evaporation pressure is 1 bar. The recycling and utilization of the waste heat from 80 ℃ to 70 ℃ in the low-temperature stage of the waste heat working medium are realized through the circulation of the heat pump, and finally, the recycling and utilization of the waste heat from 90 ℃ to 70 ℃ are realized through the combination of the waste heat working medium and the waste heat. The steam of 1bar and 100 ℃ is injected by the injection pump 51 at 0.39bar and the steam of 75 ℃ to finally form the steam of which the pressure exceeds 0.39bar in the gas storage cooling water tank 54, and according to the difference of the performances of the injection pump and the difference of the flow ratio of the 1bar steam to the 0.39bar steam, the pressure of the steam generated in the gas storage cooling water tank 54 can reach 0.39-1bar, and the steam is finally sucked and compressed by the steam compressor 61 to supply the steam of more than 1.2 bar. Since the suction pressure of the water vapor compressor 61 exceeds 0.39bar, the performance of the water vapor compressor 61 is greatly improved with the increase of the suction pressure compared with the direct compression of the water vapor in the low-temperature evaporation tank 27 under the pressure of 0.39 bar. Compared with the method for directly recycling the waste heat of 90-80 ℃, the method only can recycle the waste heat within 10 ℃, not only greatly improves the recycling temperature range of the waste heat by one time to 20 ℃, but also enlarges the waste heat recycling amount and the recycling temperature range, and the performance of the water vapor compressor 61 is greatly improved due to the increase of the suction pressure of the water vapor compressor, thereby improving the overall performance of the unit.
In the heat pump assisted warming step waste heat recovery steam generation system described herein, the first use of high temperature waste heat is achieved by using the low temperature evaporator tank 27 and the low temperature evaporation coil 29, effectively utilizing its heat in the high temperature stage, and generating water vapor at a corresponding temperature and pressure. By using the high-temperature evaporation tank 10, the heat pump evaporator 20, the heat pump compressor 23, the high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe 15 and the heat pump expansion valve 17, the secondary utilization of the high-temperature waste heat is realized, and the heat of the high-temperature waste heat at the low-temperature stage is effectively utilized. And the temperature is raised through the circulation of the heat pump, and the steam with higher temperature and pressure than the steam generated by the first utilization of the heat in the high-temperature stage is generated in the high-temperature evaporation tank 10, so that the higher-temperature utilization of the heat in the high-temperature waste heat and low-temperature stage is realized. Meanwhile, the waste heat of various different grades and sources can be utilized by using the waste heat water inlet bypass pipe 32 and the waste heat water return bypass pipe 36, the use range of the waste heat is further expanded, and the practical value of the system is improved. The low-grade heat source is used for generating water vapor with lower temperature and pressure, the low-grade heat source is an energy source which is wide in source (the low-grade heat source can be an air source, waste heat water, a geothermal source, a water source and the like), but is often ignored and wasted, and the use of the low-grade heat source is beneficial to reducing the consumption of primary energy, so that the energy conservation and emission reduction are assisted, and the early implementation of carbon neutralization is promoted. The high-temperature high-pressure steam generated by recycling the heat in the high-temperature waste heat low-temperature stage by using the heat pump in a circulating manner can be used for integrally increasing the temperature and the pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure steam and the low-temperature low-pressure steam generated by the waste heat in the high-temperature waste heat high-temperature stage by using the ejector pump in a circulating manner to thermally compress the steam with lower temperature and pressure generated in the high-temperature waste heat high-temperature stage by using the high-temperature high-pressure steam generated by recycling the heat in the high-temperature waste heat low-temperature stage so as to generate medium-pressure steam, so that the pressure increase of the lower temperature and the pressure steam can be realized, the suction pressure of the steam compressor 61 can be favorably increased by using the high-temperature high-pressure steam and the low-temperature high-pressure steam, the high-efficiency of the low-grade waste heat can be realized, the energy efficiency of the whole system can be improved, and the power consumption of the system can be reduced. Finally, the water vapor compressor 61 further compresses the medium-pressure water vapor by mechanical compression, the pressure is increased, the temperature is raised, and the water vapor with higher temperature and pressure is generated, so that the use of a user is met, the mechanical compression efficiency is high, the stability is strong, the water vapor pressure and temperature can be effectively increased, and the efficient and stable operation of the system is ensured. The combination of the cascade waste heat recovery system, the thermal compression and the mechanical compression realizes the purpose of fully utilizing low-grade heat sources from various low-grade heat sources to high-temperature and high-pressure steam meeting the requirements of users.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present application may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (10)
1. A heat pump assisted heating step waste heat recovery steam generation system is characterized by comprising a step waste heat recovery system, a thermal compression system and a mechanical compression system;
the cascade waste heat recovery system comprises a waste heat water inlet pipe, a low-temperature evaporation tank, a heat pump evaporator, a heat pump compressor, a water supplementing pipe, a high-temperature evaporation tank, a pressure reduction regulating valve and a waste heat water outlet pipe, wherein a high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe is arranged in the high-temperature evaporation tank, a low-temperature evaporation spiral pipe is arranged in the low-temperature evaporation tank, the water supplementing pipe is used for supplying water to the high-temperature evaporation tank, the waste heat water inlet pipe, the low-temperature evaporation spiral pipe, the heat pump evaporator and the waste heat water outlet pipe form a fluid flow passage, and the high-temperature evaporation tank, the pressure reduction regulating valve and the low-temperature evaporation tank form a fluid flow passage; the heat pump evaporator, the heat pump compressor and the high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe form a fluid flow loop;
the hot compression system comprises a high-temperature evaporation tank, a low-temperature evaporation tank, an ejector pump and a gas storage cooling water tank, wherein the high-temperature evaporation tank provides high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor for the ejector pump, the low-temperature evaporation tank provides low-temperature and low-pressure water vapor for the ejector pump, and the gas storage cooling water tank is used for storing the water vapor formed after the ejection by the ejector pump;
the mechanical compression system comprises a high-temperature evaporation tank, a gas storage cooling water tank, a compressor water replenishing pump and a water vapor compressor, wherein the high-temperature evaporation tank, the compressor water replenishing pump and the water vapor compressor form a fluid flow passage for replenishing water to the water vapor compressor, and the gas storage cooling water tank is used for providing water vapor to be compressed to the water vapor compressor.
2. The heat pump assisted warming step waste heat recovery steam generating system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a waste heat inlet bypass pipe for supplementing waste heat water to the heat pump evaporator.
3. The heat pump assisted warming step waste heat recovery steam generating system as recited in claim 1 further comprising a waste heat return bypass pipe for discharging excess waste heat water from said high temperature evaporating coil.
4. The heat pump assisted warming step waste heat recovery steam generating system of claim 1, wherein the high temperature evaporator tank comprises a high temperature evaporator tank drain; and/or the low-temperature evaporation tank comprises a low-temperature evaporation tank drain pipe.
5. The heat pump assisted warming step waste heat recovery steam generating system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the thermal compression system further comprises a water tank circulating pump, and the high temperature evaporation tank, the water tank circulating pump and the gas storage cooling water tank form a fluid flow loop.
6. The heat pump assisted warming stepped waste heat recovery steam generating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the stepped waste heat recovery system, a waste heat inlet pipe is in fluid communication with a first end of a low temperature evaporation spiral pipe, a second end of the low temperature evaporation spiral pipe is in fluid communication with a first end of a waste heat return pipe, a second end of the waste heat return pipe is in fluid communication with a heat pump evaporator, the heat pump evaporator is in fluid communication with a waste heat outlet pipe, a waste heat inlet bypass pipe is in fluid communication with the waste heat return pipe and a fourth stop valve is disposed on the waste heat inlet pipe, the waste heat outlet bypass pipe is in fluid communication with the second end of the low temperature evaporation spiral pipe and a sixth stop valve is disposed on the waste heat outlet bypass pipe;
the heat pump evaporator is in fluid communication with the heat pump compressor through a heat pump air inlet pipe, the heat pump compressor is in fluid communication with a first end of the high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe through a heat pump air outlet pipe, a second end of the high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe is in fluid communication with the heat pump expansion valve through a heat pump water return pipe, and the heat pump expansion valve is in fluid communication with the heat pump evaporator through a heat pump water inlet pipe;
the water replenishing pipe is communicated with the high-temperature evaporating pot through fluid, a first stop valve is arranged on the water replenishing pipe, the high-temperature evaporating pot is sequentially communicated with the low-temperature evaporating pot through a pressure reducing pipe, and a pressure reducing adjusting valve is arranged on the pressure reducing pipe.
7. The heat pump assisted warming step waste heat recovery steam generation system according to claim 1, wherein in the thermal compression system, the high temperature evaporation tank is in fluid communication with the ejector pump through a power intake pipe, the low temperature evaporation tank is in fluid communication with the ejector pump through an ejector intake pipe, and the ejector pump is in fluid communication with the gas storage cooling water tank through an ejector exhaust pipe;
the low-temperature evaporation tank is communicated with a water tank circulating pump in a fluid mode, the water tank circulating pump is communicated with the gas storage cooling water tank in a fluid mode through a water tank circulating pipe, a second adjusting valve is arranged on the water tank circulating pipe, the gas storage cooling water tank is communicated with the low-temperature evaporation tank in a fluid mode through a water tank return pipe, and a first adjusting valve is arranged on the water tank return pipe.
8. The heat pump assisted warming step waste heat recovery steam generating system according to claim 7, wherein the ejector pump is in fluid communication with the gas storage and temperature reduction water tank through an ejector pump exhaust pipe, and the gas outlet is disposed below the liquid level of the gas storage and temperature reduction water tank.
9. The heat pump assisted warming step waste heat recovery steam generating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the mechanical compression system, the high temperature evaporating pot, the compressor make-up water pump and the steam compressor are in fluid communication through a compressor make-up water pipe, and a third regulating valve is arranged on the compressor make-up water pipe;
the gas storage cooling water tank is communicated with the water vapor compressor through a compressor air suction pipe, and the water vapor compressor conveys high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor outwards through a compressor exhaust pipe.
10. The method of operating a heat pump assisted temperature step waste heat recovery steam generation system of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
firstly, the cascade waste heat recovery system starts to work, water working medium is added into a high-temperature evaporation tank through a water supplementing pipe, the high-temperature waste heat working medium enters a low-temperature evaporation spiral pipe of a low-temperature evaporation tank through a waste heat inlet pipe, the water working medium in the low-temperature evaporation tank is evaporated, low-temperature and low-pressure steam is obtained, and the first recovery utilization of high-temperature waste heat is realized; the high-temperature waste heat working medium after heat release flows into a heat pump evaporator to evaporate the working medium of the heat pump to obtain heat pump steam, and then the heat pump steam flows out of the system through a waste heat water outlet pipe; the high-pressure heat pump steam flows into the high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe, is condensed and released to circulate back to the heat pump evaporator, and heats the water working medium in the high-temperature evaporation tank by releasing heat in the high-temperature evaporation spiral pipe to obtain high-temperature high-pressure water vapor;
secondly, the hot compression system starts to work, high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor in the high-temperature evaporating pot is injected into low-temperature and low-pressure water vapor in the low-temperature evaporating pot through an injection pump to obtain medium-pressure water vapor, and the medium-pressure water vapor enters the gas storage cooling water tank;
and finally, the medium-pressure water vapor is compressed by a water vapor compressor to form water vapor with higher temperature and pressure, and meanwhile, the high-temperature water in the high-temperature evaporation tank is replenished to the water vapor compressor through a compressor water replenishing pump to reduce the superheat degree of the water vapor in the compression process.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115681951A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-02-03 | 浙江镕达永能压缩机有限公司 | Esterification steam waste heat recovery method and system |
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