CN114215674A - Self-adaptive stable-convection horizontal-axis tidal current energy water turbine - Google Patents
Self-adaptive stable-convection horizontal-axis tidal current energy water turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114215674A CN114215674A CN202210056576.4A CN202210056576A CN114215674A CN 114215674 A CN114215674 A CN 114215674A CN 202210056576 A CN202210056576 A CN 202210056576A CN 114215674 A CN114215674 A CN 114215674A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive stable convection horizontal shaft tidal current energy water turbine, which comprises: the self-adaptive convection stabilizing device comprises a power generation part, a self-adaptive convection stabilizing structure part and a support structure part; the power generation part is connected with the supporting structure through a self-adaptive stable convection structure; the self-adaptive stable convection structure part comprises a generator support, a steering shaft, a convection limiting device, a tail rod and a tail rudder. The generator bracket is fixedly connected with a generator; one end of the steering shaft is fixed with the generator bracket, and the other end of the steering shaft penetrates through the convection limiting device along the axis and is embedded with a bearing and fixedly connected with the upper end of the tail rod; the lower end of the tail rod is fixedly connected with the tail rudder; the supporting structure part comprises a U-shaped bracket, a vertical strut and a base; the U-shaped bracket is fixedly connected with the lower end of the convection limiting device; one end of the vertical strut is connected with the U-shaped bracket, and the other end of the vertical strut is connected with the base; the bidirectional tidal current energy capturing device can effectively solve the problem of overall reversing of the water turbine, has the characteristics of simple structural principle, stable convection, high reliability and the like, and can efficiently capture bidirectional tidal current energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tidal current power generation, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive stable-convection horizontal-axis tidal current energy water turbine.
Background
With the continuous exhaustion of the traditional fossil fuel, the energy supply and demand relationship is increasingly tense, about 71 percent of the area on the earth is covered by the ocean, and the wide ocean stores abundant mineral resources and huge ocean energy. Tidal current energy is one kind of ocean renewable energy, and has the characteristics of stability, regularity, no weather influence, easy acquisition, huge reserves and the like. The water turbine is used as a core component for capturing energy of the tidal current energy power generation device, and the energy obtaining efficiency and the reliability of the water turbine are hot spots for research in the field of tidal current energy power generation. The horizontal-axis water turbine has the characteristics of high energy conversion efficiency, good self-starting performance and the like, so that the horizontal-axis water turbine becomes one of the main forms of tidal current energy power generation devices in the world.
The problem in the design of a horizontal-axis tidal current energy water turbine is how to effectively utilize bidirectional tidal current energy while pursuing high energy-obtaining efficiency. In order to adapt to the change of the flow direction of bidirectional tide, a common horizontal shaft water turbine mostly adopts an electric or hydraulic variable-pitch mechanism or an integral yawing mechanism, but has the problems of complex structure, low reliability, large energy consumption and the like. The special turbine for the self-variable-pitch bidirectional-flow ocean current power station disclosed in a distinctive Chinese patent (CN 101798983A) adopts symmetrical wing-shaped blades to passively change the pitch under the action of water flow so as to adapt to the change of the bidirectional flow direction, and although the problem is avoided, the energy obtaining efficiency is low.
In order to take energy obtaining efficiency and bidirectional tide self-adaptation into consideration, Chinese patent (CN 102374104A) discloses an ocean tide energy horizontal shaft self-compensating bidirectional integral direction-adjusting power generation device, wherein a water turbine is enabled to follow the change of the flow direction of bidirectional tide through the torque generated by a symmetrical wing-shaped tail rudder under the action of water flow. However, the water turbine in the device cannot stabilize convection, the yaw of the water turbine directly influences the energy obtaining efficiency of the water turbine, and the up-and-down swinging of the water turbine and the tail vane can cause the vibration of the whole device to be intensified. In addition, the water turbine in the device can rotate around the rotating shaft 360 degrees, and the potential risk of cable winding exists.
Therefore, in order to further improve the energy obtaining efficiency of the horizontal-axis tidal current energy water turbine and the structural stability based on the adaptive convection of the tail vane, the structural design of the horizontal-axis tidal current energy water turbine needs to be optimized and improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a horizontal shaft tidal current energy water turbine with self-adaptive stable convection;
an adaptive stabilized convection horizontal axis tidal current energy water turbine, comprising: the self-adaptive convection stabilizing device comprises a power generation part, a self-adaptive convection stabilizing structure part and a support structure part; the power generation part is connected with the support structure part through the self-adaptive stable convection structure part; the power generation part comprises: a water turbine 1 and a generator 2; the water turbine 1 is directly connected with a main shaft of the generator 2.
The adaptive stable convection structure part comprises: the device comprises a steering shaft 3, a convection limiting device 4, a generator bracket 5, a tail rod 6 and a tail rudder 8; the generator 2 is fixed on the generator bracket 5; a bearing 17 is embedded in the convection limiting device 4, and the steering shaft 3 is connected with the convection limiting device 4 through the embedded bearing 17; one end of the steering shaft 3 is fixed on the generator bracket 5, and the other end of the steering shaft 3 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the tail rod 6; the tail rudder 8 is arranged at the lower end of the tail rod 6.
The convection current limiting device 4 comprises: the device comprises a bearing 17, a bearing seat 14, an electromagnetic adsorption device 11, a limiting plate 18 and a trigger magnet 16; the inner ring of the bearing 17 is sleeved on the steering shaft 3, and the outer ring of the bearing 17 is nested in the bearing seat 14; the upper end of the bearing seat 14 is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic adsorption device 11; the limiting plate 18 is fixedly connected to the steering shaft 3; the trigger magnets 16 are fixed to both sides of the steering shaft 3.
The electromagnetic adsorption device 11 comprises: a substrate 12, an electromagnet 15, and a controller 13; one side of the lower surface of the base plate 12 is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the bearing seat 14, and the other side is fixed with two electromagnets 15; the controller 13 is positioned between the two electromagnets 15 and fixed on the lower surface of the substrate 12; the controller 13 controls the on-off of the electromagnet 15 through the magnetic force of the trigger magnet 16 and the electric signal output by the generator 2, and then the water turbine 1 is enabled to conduct stable convection through the limiting plate 18.
The support structure portion includes: a U-shaped bracket 7, a vertical pillar 9 and a base 10; the U-shaped bracket 7 is fixed at the lower end of the convection limiting device 4; one end of the vertical strut 9 is connected with the U-shaped bracket 7, and the other end is connected with the base 10.
The invention provides a self-adaptive stable convection horizontal shaft tidal current energy water turbine, which comprises: the self-adaptive convection stabilizing device comprises a power generation part, a self-adaptive convection stabilizing structure part and a support structure part; the power generation part is connected with the supporting structure through a self-adaptive stable convection structure; the self-adaptive stable convection structure part comprises a generator support, a steering shaft, a convection limiting device, a tail rod and a tail rudder. The generator bracket is fixedly connected with a generator; one end of the steering shaft is fixed with the generator bracket, and the other end of the steering shaft penetrates through the convection limiting device along the axis and is embedded with a bearing and fixedly connected with the upper end of the tail rod; the lower end of the tail rod is fixedly connected with the tail rudder; the supporting structure part comprises a U-shaped bracket, a vertical strut and a base; the U-shaped bracket is fixedly connected with the lower end of the convection limiting device; one end of the vertical strut is connected with the U-shaped bracket, and the other end of the vertical strut is connected with the base; the bidirectional tidal current energy capturing device can effectively solve the problem of overall reversing of the water turbine, has the characteristics of simple structural principle, stable convection, high reliability and the like, and can efficiently capture bidirectional tidal current energy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a convection current limiting device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the convection process of the present invention;
(in the figure: 1: water turbine, 2: generator, 3: steering shaft, 4: convection limiting device, 5: generator support, 6: tail rod, 7: U-shaped support, 8: tail rudder, 9: vertical support, 10: base, 11: electromagnetic adsorption device, 12: base plate, 13: controller, 14: bearing seat, 15: electromagnet, 16: trigger magnet, 17: bearing, 18: limiting plate).
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Embodiment 1 a self-adaptive stable convection horizontal shaft tidal current energy water turbine
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an adaptive stabilized convection horizontal-axis tidal current energy water turbine includes: the self-adaptive convection stabilizing device comprises a power generation part, a self-adaptive convection stabilizing structure part and a support structure part; the power generation part is connected with the support structure part through the self-adaptive stable convection structure part;
the power generation part comprises: a water turbine 1 and a generator 2; the water turbine 1 is directly connected with a main shaft of the generator 2;
the water turbine 1 is connected with a main shaft of the generator 2, namely the generator 2 is directly driven by the water turbine 1; a speed-increasing structure is omitted, maintenance work is reduced, and the reliability of a transmission system of the generator is improved;
the adaptive stable convection structure part comprises: the device comprises a steering shaft 3, a convection limiting device 4, a generator bracket 5, a tail rod 6 and a tail rudder 8;
the convection current limiting device 4 comprises: the device comprises a bearing 17, a bearing seat 14, an electromagnetic adsorption device 11, a limiting plate 18 and a trigger magnet 16;
the inner ring of the bearing 17 is sleeved on the steering shaft 3, and the outer ring of the bearing 17 is nested in the bearing seat 14; the upper end of the bearing seat 14 is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic adsorption device 11; the limiting plate 18 is fixedly connected to the steering shaft 3; the trigger magnets 16 are fixed on both sides of the steering shaft 3;
the electromagnetic adsorption device 11 comprises: a substrate 12, an electromagnet 15, and a controller 13; one side of the lower surface of the base plate 12 is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the bearing seat 14, and the other side is fixed with two electromagnets 15; the controller 13 is positioned between the two electromagnets 15 and is fixed on the lower surface of the substrate 12;
the controller 13 controls the on-off of the electromagnet 15 through the magnetic force of the trigger magnet 16 and the electric signal output by the generator 2, and further enables the water turbine 1 to perform stable convection through the limiting plate 18;
the generator 2 is fixed on the generator bracket 5; the flow limiting device 4 is embedded with a bearing 17, and the steering shaft 3 is connected with the flow limiting device 4 through the embedded bearing 17; one end of the steering shaft 3 is fixed on the generator bracket 5, and the other end of the steering shaft 3 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the tail rod 6; the tail rudder 8 is arranged at the lower end of the tail rod 6;
the tail vane 8 generates moment relative to the axis of the steering shaft 3 under the action of water flow, so that the water turbine 1 rotates and convects around the axis of the steering shaft 3 in a reciprocating manner within a horizontal 180 degree range; when a current flows from one side, the power generation part is kept in stable forward flow through the convection limiting device, and tidal current energy can be efficiently captured;
the support structure portion includes: a U-shaped bracket 7, a vertical pillar 9 and a base 10;
the U-shaped bracket 7 is fixed at the lower end of the convection limiting device 4; one end of the vertical strut 9 is connected with the U-shaped bracket 7, and the other end is connected with the base 10;
the span of the U-shaped bracket 7 is slightly larger than the diameter of the generator 2; the vertical strut 9 is a single upright post, and the vertical strut 9 supports the U-shaped bracket 7;
after the U-shaped support 7 is supported by the single upright post, the problem that self-adaptive convection damping is obviously increased due to poor concentricity and deformation of the bearing 17 caused by unstable base 10 does not exist.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
referring to fig. 3, when a forward incoming flow is generated, as the flow velocity increases, the state of the water turbine 1 starts to change from fig. 3 (b) to fig. 3 (a), in the process, the tail vane 8 generates a lift force under the action of the water flow, the lift force generates a moment relative to the axis of the steering shaft 3, so that the power generation part rotates counterclockwise around the axis of the steering shaft 3, and the rotation plane of the water turbine 1 is gradually adjusted from a downstream direction to an incident flow; at the moment, the triggering magnet 16 triggers a magnetic control switch in the controller 13 to be connected with the electromagnet 15 to generate magnetic force to adsorb the limit plate 18, so that the rotating plane of the water turbine 1 is subjected to stable convection;
when the flow rate is higher than the starting flow rate of the water turbine 1, the water turbine 1 starts to rotate to generate electricity, and the water turbine 1 is in a forward stable convection electricity generation state at the moment; when the flow velocity is reduced to be lower than the working flow velocity of the water turbine 1, the water turbine 1 stops rotating, the controller 13 does not detect the electric signal output by the generator 2 at the moment, the electromagnet 15 is powered off, and the limiting plate 18 is separated from the electromagnet 15; with the continuous reduction of the flow velocity, the lifting moment generated by the tail vane 8 is gradually reduced, and under the action of the gravity moment generated by the shaft axis of the tail vane relative to the steering shaft 3, the state of the water turbine 1 starts to change from fig. 3 (a) to fig. 3 (b), and the rotating plane of the water turbine 1 is gradually restored to the downstream state when no flow exists; the reverse flow is the reverse process of the forward flow, when the flow speed is increased, the state of the water turbine 1 is changed from the graph in fig. 3 (b) to the graph in fig. 3 (c), when the flow speed is reduced, the state of the water turbine 1 is changed from the graph in fig. 3 (c) to the graph in fig. 3 (b), so that the whole device can adaptively adjust the incident flow of the water turbine along with the change of the direction of the tidal current in the reciprocating flow, and therefore the bidirectional tidal current energy is captured efficiently.
Claims (5)
1. An adaptive stabilized convection horizontal axis tidal current energy water turbine, comprising: the self-adaptive convection stabilizing device comprises a power generation part, a self-adaptive convection stabilizing structure part and a support structure part; the power generation part is connected with the support structure part through the self-adaptive stable convection structure part;
the power generation part comprises: a water turbine (1) and a generator (2); the water turbine (1) is directly connected with a main shaft of the generator (2).
2. The adaptive stabilized convection horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the adaptive stable convection structure part comprises: the device comprises a steering shaft (3), a convection limiting device (4), a generator bracket (5), a tail rod (6) and a tail rudder (8); the generator (2) is fixed on the generator bracket (5); a bearing (17) is embedded in the convection limiting device (4), and the steering shaft (3) is connected with the convection limiting device (4) through the embedded bearing (17); one end of the steering shaft (3) is fixed on the generator bracket (5), and the other end of the steering shaft (3) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the tail rod (6); the tail rudder (8) is arranged at the lower end of the tail rod (6).
3. The adaptive stabilized convection horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the convection current limiting device (4) comprises: the device comprises a bearing (17), a bearing seat (14), an electromagnetic adsorption device (11), a limiting plate (18) and a trigger magnet (16); the inner ring of the bearing (17) is sleeved on the steering shaft (3), and the outer ring of the bearing (17) is nested in the bearing seat (14); the upper end of the bearing seat (14) is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic adsorption device (11); the limiting plate (18) is fixedly connected to the steering shaft (3); the trigger magnets (16) are fixed on both sides of the steering shaft (3).
4. The adaptive stabilized convection horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the electromagnetic adsorption device (11) comprises: a substrate (12), an electromagnet (15), and a controller (13); one side of the lower surface of the base plate (12) is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the bearing seat (14), and the other side is fixed with two electromagnets (15); the controller (13) is positioned between the two electromagnets (15) and is fixed on the lower surface of the substrate (12).
5. The adaptive stabilized convection horizontal axis tidal current energy turbine as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the support structure portion includes: a U-shaped bracket (7), a vertical pillar (9) and a base (10); the U-shaped bracket (7) is fixed at the lower end of the convection limiting device (4); one end of the vertical strut (9) is connected with the U-shaped bracket (7), and the other end is connected with the base (10).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210056576.4A CN114215674A (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Self-adaptive stable-convection horizontal-axis tidal current energy water turbine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210056576.4A CN114215674A (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Self-adaptive stable-convection horizontal-axis tidal current energy water turbine |
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| CN114215674A true CN114215674A (en) | 2022-03-22 |
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| CN202210056576.4A Pending CN114215674A (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Self-adaptive stable-convection horizontal-axis tidal current energy water turbine |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080084067A1 (en) * | 2006-10-10 | 2008-04-10 | Hill Edward A | Adaptive Tidal Current Power Extraction Device |
| CN101798983A (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2010-08-11 | 东北师范大学 | Special turbine for self-variable-pitch bidirectional-flow ocean current power station |
| CN102374104A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-03-14 | 东北师范大学 | Ocean tide energy horizontal shaft self-compensation bidirectional overall direction regulation generating set |
| CN105065189A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-18 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Self-counter flow type horizontal shaft tidal current energy power generation device |
| CN210686187U (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2020-06-05 | 海安华达石油仪器有限公司 | Tidal power generation device |
| CN112555092A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-26 | 无锡职业技术学院 | Wind-following rotating fan blade and array type tree-shaped wind power generation device |
| CN112963294A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-15 | 李文明 | Power generation equipment utilizing offshore wave energy |
| CN214998002U (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-12-03 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Tidal current energy water turbine experimental device with reversing mechanism |
-
2022
- 2022-01-18 CN CN202210056576.4A patent/CN114215674A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080084067A1 (en) * | 2006-10-10 | 2008-04-10 | Hill Edward A | Adaptive Tidal Current Power Extraction Device |
| CN101798983A (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2010-08-11 | 东北师范大学 | Special turbine for self-variable-pitch bidirectional-flow ocean current power station |
| CN102374104A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-03-14 | 东北师范大学 | Ocean tide energy horizontal shaft self-compensation bidirectional overall direction regulation generating set |
| CN105065189A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-18 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Self-counter flow type horizontal shaft tidal current energy power generation device |
| CN210686187U (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2020-06-05 | 海安华达石油仪器有限公司 | Tidal power generation device |
| CN112555092A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-26 | 无锡职业技术学院 | Wind-following rotating fan blade and array type tree-shaped wind power generation device |
| CN112963294A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-15 | 李文明 | Power generation equipment utilizing offshore wave energy |
| CN214998002U (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-12-03 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Tidal current energy water turbine experimental device with reversing mechanism |
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