CN114208504B - Green low-temperature grain storage fumigation-free low-temperature grain storage system and method - Google Patents
Green low-temperature grain storage fumigation-free low-temperature grain storage system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114208504B CN114208504B CN202111524247.XA CN202111524247A CN114208504B CN 114208504 B CN114208504 B CN 114208504B CN 202111524247 A CN202111524247 A CN 202111524247A CN 114208504 B CN114208504 B CN 114208504B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/14—Containers specially adapted for storing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/16—Arrangements in forage silos
- A01F25/22—Ventilating arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/51—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for storing agricultural or horticultural products
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature grain storage system based on green low-temperature grain storage without fumigation, which comprises a grain storage bin body, wherein annular side wall branch air channels are respectively arranged at the bottom in the grain storage bin body close to the periphery of a wall; a plurality of bottom branch air channels are arranged on the terrace at the bottom of the grain storage bin body; a plurality of bottom branch air channels and side wall branch air channels are connected in series through a main air channel, multi-parameter grain condition sensor assemblies are uniformly distributed in the grain storage bin body, and one end of the main air channel is connected with the air outlet end of the multifunctional grain storage machine; the top of the grain storage bin body is provided with an air return pipeline which is connected with an air inlet end of the multifunctional grain storage machine. The control method of the grain storage system comprises the steps of S1-S8. The scheme can adjust the temperature, moisture and gas components of the grain pile, and reduce the deterioration and loss of grains. In order to improve the income of a manager, the system integrates all subsystems into a whole, realizes intelligent control, and has simple operation and low running energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grain storage, in particular to a low-temperature grain storage system and method based on green low-temperature grain storage and free of fumigation.
Background
With the development of national economy of China, people continuously improve the living quality, have higher and stricter requirements on the fresh quality, nutrition and sanitation of grains, and increasingly attach importance to the problems of grain storage safety and grain quality by each grain custody unit and related processing enterprises. The low-temperature grain storage technology is one of the most safe, reliable, reasonable and environment-friendly grain storage measures acknowledged in the world at present, and the adoption of the low-temperature grain storage technology can inhibit the respiratory metabolism of grains, delay the quality deterioration of the grains and effectively control the activities of pests and microorganisms in the stored grains. At present, the condition that the grain temperature cannot be kept in a low-temperature state due to poor external heat transfer or ventilation at weak parts such as gates, walls, corners and the like in most of low-temperature grain storage applications exists, finally, insect pests generated due to over-high local grain temperature have to be fumigated and killed by chemical agents, the chemical fumigation agents have certain toxicity, certain pollution is caused to the grains due to the use of the chemical fumigation agents, a part of residual is caused, and the health of human bodies is influenced due to the eating of the chemical fumigation agents.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a low-temperature grain storage system and a low-temperature grain storage method based on green low-temperature grain storage without fumigation.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the low-temperature grain storage system based on green low-temperature grain storage and free of fumigation is provided, and comprises a grain storage bin body, wherein annular side wall branch air channels are respectively arranged at the bottom in the grain storage bin body close to the periphery of a wall, and gaps are formed among the side wall branch air channels; a plurality of bottom branch air channels are arranged on a terrace at the bottom of the grain storage bin body and are uniformly distributed; the bottom branch air channels and the side wall branch air channels are connected in series through the main air channel, air valve assemblies are arranged at the joints between the main air channel and the side wall branch air channels and at the joints between the bottom main air channel and the bottom branch air channels, a plurality of multi-parameter grain condition sensor assemblies for detecting temperature, humidity, moisture and insect pest conditions are uniformly distributed in the grain storage bin body, and one end of the main air channel is connected with the air outlet end of the multifunctional grain storage machine; the top of the grain storage bin body is provided with an air return pipeline which is connected with an air inlet end of the multifunctional grain storage machine; the multifunctional grain storage machine, the air valve assembly and the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly are electrically connected with the controller.
Furthermore, the main air duct is connected with the middle part of the bottom branch air duct, and the main air duct is vertical to the bottom branch air duct.
Furthermore, the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a grain moisture detector and a pest and disease sensor.
The control method of the low-temperature grain storage system based on green low-temperature grain storage and fumigation prevention is provided, and comprises the following steps:
s1: a side wall branch air duct, a bottom branch air duct and a main air duct are arranged in the grain storage bin body, and a multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly is arranged at a set position;
s2: establishing a coordinate system by taking one angle of the grain storage bin body as an origin, and establishing each multi-parameter grain condition sensor component and the wind regime by utilizing the coordinate systemCoordinates of the valve assembly: (x) n ，y n ，z n )、(x s ，y s ，z s )；
S3: each multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly collects a temperature parameter T once every a set time;
s4: the temperature parameter and the ideal temperature T for grain storage L And (3) performing difference making to obtain a temperature error value: t is a unit of W ＝T-T L ；
S5: judging the temperature error T W Size of (c), if T W If the temperature is more than 0, judging that the temperature of the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly is abnormal, and executing a step S6; if T W If the temperature is less than or equal to 0, judging that the temperature of the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly is normal, and returning to the step S3;
s6: obtaining the position coordinates (x) of the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly n ，y n ，z n ) Calculating the position coordinates (x) of the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly n ，y n ，z n ) Coordinates (x) with each air valve assembly s ，y s ，z s ) Obtaining the linear distance between each air valve component and the multi-parameter grain condition sensor component;
s7: finding out the air valve component closest to the multi-parameter grain condition sensor component, opening the air valve component, and conveying the multifunctional grain storage machine to the air valve component at a temperature T L -T W The cold air of (2);
s8: and (4) returning to the step S3 until the temperature of the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly is normal.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the scheme, the precise ventilation system and the multi-parameter grain condition sensor system are built in the grain storage bin body, the grain storage bin body is divided into a plurality of independent ventilation areas, the temperature and humidity and insect pest sensors are additionally arranged at weak positions where the temperature of the grain storage bin body is difficult to control, grain condition states of all points are sensed through the intelligent control system, low-temperature equipment operation and air duct switching of all ventilation areas are automatically adjusted, low-temperature states of all points in the whole bin at grain temperatures below 15 ℃ are realized by adopting low energy consumption, local high-temperature points are effectively avoided, and insect pests and mildew are prevented; chemical fumigation is not used, the fresh quality of the grains is kept to the maximum extent, and green low-temperature grain storage is really realized. Meanwhile, the water and gas components of the grain pile can be regulated, and the deterioration and loss of grains are reduced. In order to improve the income of a manager, the system integrates all subsystems into a whole, realizes intelligent control, and has simple operation and low running energy consumption.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a low-temperature grain storage system based on green low-temperature grain storage without fumigation.
The grain storage device comprises a controller 1, a multifunctional grain storage machine 2, a bin door 3, a side wall branch air channel 4, a bottom branch air channel 5, a main air channel 6 and an air valve assembly 7.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all changes that can be made by the invention using the inventive concept are intended to be protected.
As shown in fig. 1, the low-temperature grain storage system based on green low-temperature grain storage and fumigation-free comprises a grain storage bin body, grains are loaded from a bin door 3 arranged on the side face of the grain storage bin body, annular side wall branch air channels 4 are respectively arranged on the periphery of the bottom in the grain storage bin body close to walls, and gaps are formed among the side wall branch air channels 4; a plurality of bottom branch air ducts 5 are arranged on a terrace at the bottom of the grain storage bin body, and the bottom branch air ducts 5 are uniformly distributed; the bottom branch air channels 5 and the side wall branch air channels 4 are connected in series through the main air channel 6, air valve assemblies 7 are arranged at the joints between the main air channel 6 and the side wall branch air channels 4 and the joints between the bottom main air channel 6 and the bottom branch air channels 5, a plurality of multi-parameter grain condition sensor assemblies for detecting temperature, humidity, moisture and insect pest conditions are uniformly distributed in the grain storage bin body, and one end of the main air channel 6 is connected with the air outlet end of the multifunctional grain storage machine; the top of the grain storage bin body is provided with an air return pipeline which is connected with an air inlet end of the multifunctional grain storage machine; the multifunctional grain storage machine 2, the air valve component 7 and the multi-parameter grain condition sensor component are all electrically connected with the controller 1.
When the scheme is implemented, the main air duct 6 is connected with the middle part of the bottom branch air duct 5, and the main air duct 6 is perpendicular to the bottom branch air duct 5. The multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a grain moisture detection sensor and a pest and disease damage sensor.
In the grain low-temperature storage process, the controller 1 monitors and controls each sensor and equipment, when a multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly in a bin detects local high temperature, the controller 1 firstly switches the ventilation channels of the precise ventilation system, judges the ventilation area corresponding to a high-temperature point, opens the air valve assembly 7 corresponding to the bottom branch air channel 5 or the side wall branch air channel 4 of the corresponding control area, closes other air valve assemblies 7, and opens the multifunctional grain storage machine 2 after the precise ventilation system is adjusted in place, so that the machine set can realize constant-temperature and constant-humidity air supply. The low-temperature air generated by the multifunctional grain storage machine 2 is distributed to a required ventilation area through the precise ventilation main air duct 6, the low-temperature air is cooled from the bottom to the top through a grain pile in a local high-temperature area, the heated air is delivered to the multifunctional grain storage machine 2 through the air return duct from the upper space of the grain pile, when the temperature fed back by the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly in the grain warehouse reaches a low-temperature set value, the equipment enters a standby mode, and the equipment is started after the temperature is returned or high-temperature points are generated in other areas, so that the circulation is realized, the whole grain pile is maintained in a low-temperature state, and the green low-temperature grain storage is realized.
The control method of the low-temperature grain storage system based on green low-temperature grain storage and fumigation-free comprises the following steps:
s1: a side wall branch air duct 4, a bottom branch air duct 5 and a main air duct 6 are arranged in the granary body, and a multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly is arranged at a set position;
s2: establishing a coordinate system by taking one angle of the grain storage bin body as an origin, and establishing the coordinates of each multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly and the air valve assembly 7 by utilizing the coordinate system: (x) n ，y n ，z n )、(x s ，y s ，z s )；
S3: each multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly collects a temperature parameter T once every a set time;
s4: the temperature parameter and the ideal temperature T for grain storage L Performing subtraction to obtain a temperature error value: t is W ＝T-T L ；
S5: judging the temperature error T W Size of (c), if T W If the temperature is more than 0, judging that the temperature of the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly is abnormal, and executing a step S6; if T is W If the temperature is less than or equal to 0, judging that the temperature of the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly is normal, and returning to the step S3;
s6: obtaining the position coordinates (x) of the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly n ，y n ，z n ) Calculating the position coordinates (x) of the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly n ，y n ，z n ) Coordinates (x) with each air valve assembly 7 s ，y s ，z s ) Obtaining the linear distance between each air valve component 7 and the multi-parameter grain condition sensor component;
s7: finding out the air valve component 7 nearest to the multi-parameter grain condition sensor component, opening the air valve component 7, and conveying the multifunctional grain storage machine 2 to the air valve component 7 at the temperature of T L -T W The cold air is used;
s8: and returning to the step S3 until the temperature of the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly is normal.
According to the scheme, a precise ventilation system and a multi-parameter grain condition sensor system are built in a grain storage bin body, the grain storage bin body is divided into a plurality of independent ventilation areas, a temperature and humidity and insect pest sensor is additionally arranged at a weak position where the temperature of the grain storage bin body is difficult to control, grain condition states of all points are sensed through an intelligent control system, low-temperature equipment operation and air channel switching of all ventilation areas are automatically adjusted, low-temperature states of all points of grains in the whole bin at the temperature of below 15 ℃ are realized by adopting lower energy consumption, local high-temperature points are effectively avoided, and insect pests and mildew are prevented; chemical fumigation is not used, the fresh quality of the grains is kept to the maximum extent, and green low-temperature grain storage is really realized. Meanwhile, the water and gas components of the grain pile can be regulated, and the deterioration and loss of grains are reduced. In order to improve the income of a manager, the system integrates all subsystems into a whole, realizes intelligent control, and has simple operation and low running energy consumption.
Claims (1)
1. A control method of a low-temperature grain storage system based on green low-temperature grain storage without fumigation comprises a grain storage bin body, wherein annular side wall branch air channels are respectively arranged at the periphery of the bottom in the grain storage bin body close to a wall, and gaps are formed among the side wall branch air channels; a plurality of bottom branch air channels are arranged on a terrace at the bottom of the grain storage bin body and are uniformly distributed; the bottom branch air channels and the side wall branch air channels are connected in series through the main air channel, air valve assemblies are arranged at the joints between the main air channel and the side wall branch air channels and at the joints between the bottom main air channel and the bottom branch air channel, a plurality of multi-parameter grain condition sensor assemblies for detecting temperature, humidity, moisture and insect pest conditions are uniformly distributed in the grain storage bin body, and one end of the main air channel is connected with the air outlet end of the multifunctional grain storage machine; the top of the grain storage bin body is provided with a return air pipeline, and the return air pipeline is connected with an air inlet end of the multifunctional grain storage machine; the multifunctional grain storage machine, the air valve assembly and the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly are electrically connected with the controller;
the main air duct is connected with the middle part of the bottom branch air duct, the main air duct is vertical to the bottom branch air duct, and the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a grain moisture detector and a pest sensor;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: a side wall branch air duct, a bottom branch air duct and a main air duct are arranged in the grain storage bin body, and a multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly is arranged at a set position;
s2: establishing a coordinate system by taking one angle of the grain storage bin body as an origin, and establishing the coordinates of each multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly and the air valve assembly by utilizing the coordinate system: (x) n ，y n ，z n )、(x s ，y s ，z s )；
S3: each multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly collects a temperature parameter T once every a set time;
s4: the temperature parameter and the ideal temperature for grain storageT L And (3) performing difference making to obtain a temperature error value: t is W ＝T-T L ；
S5: judging the temperature error T W Size of (c), if T W If the temperature is more than 0, judging that the temperature of the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly is abnormal, and executing a step S6; if T is W If the temperature is less than or equal to 0, judging that the temperature of the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly is normal, and returning to the step S3;
s6: obtaining the position coordinates (x) of the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly n ，y n ，z n ) Calculating the position coordinates (x) of the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly n ，y n ，z n ) Coordinates (x) with each air valve assembly s ，y s ，z s ) Obtaining the linear distance between each air valve component and the multi-parameter grain condition sensor component;
s7: finding out the air valve assembly nearest to the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly, opening the air valve assembly, and conveying the multifunctional grain storage machine to the air valve assembly at a temperature T L -T W The cold air is used;
s8: and returning to the step S3 until the temperature of the multi-parameter grain condition sensor assembly is normal.
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| CN112631356A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-09 | 航天信息股份有限公司 | Intelligent ventilation method and system for grain depot |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101919442A (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2010-12-22 | 陈国利 | Stored grain temperature adjusting method |
| CA2777964C (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2021-01-19 | Jeremy Hartsook | Grain bin aeration |
| CN106105593B (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-07-17 | 林峰 | Silo side suction type ventilating system |
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| JP2000065378A (en) * | 1998-08-18 | 2000-03-03 | Showa Sogo Kensetsu Kk | Low temperature storage warehouse |
| CN200983770Y (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2007-12-05 | 河南未来机电工程有限公司 | Novel granary air chute |
| CN105993418A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-10-12 | 李桂杰 | Ventilation and cooling system used for grains and ventilation and cooling method thereof |
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| CN112631356A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-09 | 航天信息股份有限公司 | Intelligent ventilation method and system for grain depot |
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