CN114206417B - 用于呼吸递送装置的自动分配器 - Google Patents
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- CN114206417B CN114206417B CN202080055681.5A CN202080055681A CN114206417B CN 114206417 B CN114206417 B CN 114206417B CN 202080055681 A CN202080055681 A CN 202080055681A CN 114206417 B CN114206417 B CN 114206417B
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种具有自动启动机构的微粒递送装置,当移除帽时,该自动启动机构刺穿或切割组合物胶囊。一旦激活器械以供使用,则无法更换帽。该装置允许气流从气体入口通过该装置到气体出口通过组合物容器和分散室,以将颗粒递送到受试者的气道。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种呼吸递送装置。更具体地,本发明涉及一种用于递送装置的自动分配器,该递送装置用于将颗粒药物递送到受试者的气道。
背景技术
对于一些医学病症,可能需要通过气道向受试者施用药物。吸入器(比如干粉吸入器)可用于此目的,比如吹入器。
现有的吸入器在递送剂量方面的可靠性和/或可重复性通常较差,剂量通常受到受试者吸入的变化的影响。这通常将吸入器的使用限制于其中剂量变化是可耐受的应用,例如,其中显著剂量不足和/或过量的作用不危及生命。
因此,需要新的药物呼吸给药策略。特别希望开发在使用中提供改进的通用性或灵活性的新的呼吸递送装置。
发明内容
在第一方面,本发明提供用于将组合物递送至受试者的气道的装置,该装置以流体连通的方式包括:
气体入口;
气体出口;
适于接收包含所述组合物的组合物胶囊的组合物容器;以及
分散室;以及
一个或多个适于刺穿组合物胶囊以在移除帽时释放组合物的启动器。
每个启动器适当地包括凸轮从动件,该凸轮从动件由帽上的凸轮致动以移动针或刀片来刺穿或切割组合物胶囊。
凸轮从动件优选是可弹性变形的。
优选地,一个或多个启动器的凸轮从动件防止帽一旦被移除就被替换。
在一种形式中,帽包括相对于该帽可移动的帽顶,一个或多个细长构件从帽顶延伸并适于将组合物胶囊保持在适当位置。
分散室适合于接收用于递送至受试者的组合物,并将组合物分散到气体入口和气体出口之间的气流中,用于递送至受试者的气道。
优选地,分散室适于促进组合物胶囊在分散室内的移动。就合适而言,该运动是组合物胶囊的旋转运动或旋压。
分散室可以与一个或多个室端口相连,气体通过该室端口在气体入口和气体出口之间流动。
分散室可包括一个或多个从其表面突出的凸起。突部或凸起促进组合物的分散。一个或多个突部包括分散室表面上的一个或多个细长突部、径向取向的凸块或隆起。优选地,提供至少两个突部、凸块或隆起。突部、径向取向的凸块或隆起从分散或涡流室的壁或天花板突出。就合适而言,组合物胶囊在其旋转运动期间被一个或多个突部、凸块或隆起移位以帮助组合物的分散。通常,径向定向的凸块或隆起超出它们从其突出的表面的高度在约0.1mm和约1mm之间,包括0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.9和0.9mm。
就合适而言,分散室是涡流室,气流通过一个或多个室端口,便于在涡流室内产生涡流。
该装置优选进一步包括基本上邻近分散室并与气体入口、气体出口、组合物容器和分散室流体连通的解聚器。
解聚器可包括筛网或网。就合适而言,筛网或网包括多个孔或槽以促进气体湍流。解聚器还用于过滤组合物以从组合物胶囊中除去碎屑,包括其碎片。
在一种形式中,解聚器可包括一个或多个柔性构件。就合适而言,柔性构件适于响应于气体入口和气体出口之间的气流而振动。
气体入口可以是具有一个或多个用于气体进入的孔的基部和适于将组合物胶囊定位在组合物容器中的胶囊座的形式。这些孔可以由可移除的插塞密封。就合适而言,在可以移除帽之前必须移除插塞。
在一种形式中,组合物胶囊被保持在适当的位置,被形成在包括气体入口的基部中的胶囊座和从帽的帽顶部延伸的一个或多个细长构件之间的一个或多个启动器刺穿。
气体出口的尺寸和形状适合于作为吹口。
就合适而言,气体入口和气体出口之间的气流促进组合物经由气体出口递送至受试者的气道。
除了通过气体入口和气体出口之外,该装置优选密封或基本上密封到气体的入口和/或出口。
在另一个方面,本发明在于当基本上在组合物容器内部装载有组合物胶囊时使用上述装置向受试者的气道施用组合物的方法,包括以下步骤:
移动该帽,使得该帽上的凸轮与该一个或多个启动器上的凸轮从动件接合,使该启动器刺穿或切割该组合物胶囊;
移除该帽以露出该气体出口并释放该启动器;
将该气体出口与该受试者的气道连接;以及
在该气体入口与该气体出口之间提供气流,使得该组合物通过该气流经由该气体出口递送至该受试者的气道,并且由此将该组合物施用至该受试者的气道。
就合适而言,受试者通过气体出口的吸入引起来自气体入口的气流,该气流将组合物胶囊从组合物容器移动到分散室。
优选地,一旦移除帽就不能被更换。
在另一方面,提供了通过使用本文该的装置向受试者的气道施用有效量的组合物来治疗或预防受试者的病症的方法,包括以下步骤:
将该组合物胶囊基本上放置在该组合物容器内部;
将所述气体出口与所述受试者的气道连接;以及
提供从该气体入口到该气体出口的气流,
其中该组合物通过该气流经由该气体出口递送至该受试者的气道,
从而治疗或预防受试者的病症。
在本说明书中,术语“包括(comprises)”,“包括(comprising)”,“包含(includes)”,“包含(including)”或类似术语旨在表示非排他的包括,使得包括一系列元件的方法、系统或装置不仅仅包括这些元件,还可以包括未列出的其它元件。
应当理解,不定冠词“一”和“一个”不应被解读为单数不定冠词或以其他方式排除该不定冠词所指的多于一个或多于单个主题。例如,“一个”气体入口包括一个气体入口、一个或多个气体入口或多个气体入口。
附图说明
图1A示出了本发明的装置的实施例的侧视图。
图1B示出了图1A的装置的前部横截面图。
图2A示出了图1A的装置的前视图。
图2B示出了图1A的装置的俯视横截面图。
图3A示出了当活塞处于第一配置时图1A的装置的透视横截面图。
图3B示出了当活塞处于第二配置时图1A的装置的透视横截面图。
图4示出了根据本发明的装置的优选实施例的分解图。
图5A和5B分别示出了图4的装置的顶部横截面图和前部横截面图,其中帽完全接合。
图6A和6B分别示出了图4的装置的顶部横截面图和前部横截面图,其中帽部分地脱离。
图7是图5B和6B的装置的透视横截面图,其中帽完全脱离。
图8是图4的分解装置的一部分的放大视图,集中于某些气体流动路径。
图9示出了根据本发明的装置的另一实施例的分解图。
图10A和10B分别示出了图9的装置在负载状态下的透视图和横截面图。
图11A和11B分别示出了被致动的图9的装置的透视图和横截面图。
图12A和12B分别示出了处于激活状态的图9的装置的透视图和横截面图。
图13A和13B分别示出了使用中的图9的装置的透视图和横截面图。
图14示出了图9的装置不能返回到加载状态。
具体实施方式
治疗剂的呼吸递送可适用于多种应用。这些应用包括其中受试者通常有意识和响应的应用,比如施用粉末疫苗、抗生素和胰岛素;以及其中受试者可能无意识的应用,比如用于治疗诸如过敏反应或心脏停搏的严重疾病的粉末肾上腺素的给药。
本发明至少部分基于这样的认识,即需要一种为治疗剂的呼吸递送提供灵活性的装置。特别地,促进组合物在负压下的呼吸递送(类似于“吸入器”型装置)和治疗剂在正压下的呼吸递送(类似于“吹入器”型装置)的装置将是期望的,但不限于此。
在不限制得情况下,本文提及的用于递送的组合物通常为干粉形式。如本文所用并且如本领域技术人员将理解的,“干粉”通常是指用于呼吸递送的微粒药物形式,其通常在不存在推进剂的情况下递送或适于递送。
本文该的组合物(例如,干粉或颗粒药物)将合适地包括至少一种“活性成分”,即具有生物活性的组分。干粉或颗粒药物可以是一个或多个纯的或基本上纯的活性成分的形式。或者,干粉或颗粒药物可包括除一个或多个活性成分之外的一个或多个药学上可接受的组分,例如,本领域熟知的填充剂、赋形剂或稀释剂。对于干粉制剂的非限制性综述,技术人员涉及Telko和Hickey(2005)‘干粉吸入器制剂’Respiratory Care,50(9),1209-1227,其通过引用并入本文。应了解,活性剂和/或含有活性剂的组合物可替代地称为“药物”。
本发明的一个方面提供了一种用于将组合物施用给受试者气道的装置。图1-3示出了该方面的装置10的典型的实施例。
参见图1A和1B,装置10包括本体50;气体入口100;气体出口200;组合物容器300;致动器400;分散室500;和启动器600。
如图1B和2B所示,主体50包括围绕中空内部区域的壁51。本体50由塑料制成;然而,这可以根据需要改变。例如,主体50可以是金属的,或者包括橡胶。也可以使用合适材料的组合。
气体入口100和气体出口200可以与主体50的壁51连续,尽管它们可以单独配置。
气体入口100适于用作连接呼吸设备的配件,或用作吹口。类似地,气体出口200适于用作连接呼吸设备的配件,或用作吹口。
如图所示,气体入口100和气体出口200是圆锥形的,这对于用作连接件和/或吹口是理想的。然而,气体入口100和/或气体出口200的形状可以根据需要改变。
如图1B、3A和3B所示,组合物容器300位于主体50内。装置10的组合物容器300为包括壁310的井的形式。组合物容器300适于适合地容纳容器,比如胶囊,该容器包括使用递送装置10施用给受试者的组合物(未示出)。
如图1B所示,致动器400位于主体50内。装置10的致动器400为活塞的形式,包括入口端410和出口端420。活塞400可从基本上在组合物容器300外部的第一配置或位置(如图1B和3A所示)平移到基本上在组合物容器300内部的第二配置或位置(如图3B所示),其中活塞400位于分散室500附近。特别地,在第二配置中,活塞400的出口端420将比在第一配置中更靠近分散室500。
装置10的分散室500是涡流室的形式。如图2B、3A和3B中最佳地示出,涡流室500包括室壁510;腔室通道520;以及相关的腔室端口530,其允许气体从气体入口100流到气体出口200,并产生和维持涡流。在实施例中,涡流室500可包括至少部分顶板。
当容器从组合物容器300平移到涡流室500时,涡流室500适于接收包括用于递送的组合物的容器。涡流室500适于允许容器在位于其中时抵靠室壁510旋转。
在实施例中,涡流室500可包括一个或多个突部(最佳参见图7),该突部适于促进组合物的分散以从包括组合物的容器递送。在实施例中,涡流室500包括在室壁510或室顶板上的一个或多个突部、径向取向的凸块或隆起(图7)。通常,突部、凸起部分或径向取向的凸块的高度在约0.1mm和约1mm之间,包括0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.9和0.9mm。
如图所示,装置10包括位于组合物容器300两侧的两个启动器600。然而,应当理解,也可以使用单一启动器。
如图1B、3A和3B所示,启动器600保持在主体50的壁51内。启动器600包括按钮610;和针620。装置10的启动器600的按钮610可以是弹性按钮,例如,可变形按钮或弹簧加载按钮,然而这可以根据需要而改变。
应当理解,除了通过气体入口100和气体出口200之外,装置10与气体的入口或出口(例如,通过泄漏或逸出)密封或基本密封。如上所述,气体入口100和气体出口200是装置10的主体50或与装置10的主体50连续。另外,启动器600以气体密封或基本气体密封的方式设置在主体50的壁51内。
还应当理解的是,该方面的装置,比如装置10,可以包括解聚器700,该解聚器700适于使用该递送装置使递送至受试者气道的组合物解聚。
在包括解聚器700的装置10的实施例中,通常解聚器700位于分散室500附近,如图3A和3B中最佳所示。
在一个典型的实施例中,解聚器是或包括筛网或网,该筛网或网包括多个孔或槽以促进气体湍流。
在一个典型的实施例中,解聚器是或包括一个或多个适于响应气流而振动的柔性构件。
在使用中,装置10适于在气体入口100和气体出口200之间的气流中夹带组合物,并经由出口200将气流中夹带的组合物递送至受试者的气道。
在使用中,容器或胶囊(未示出)基本上放置在组合物容器300内。通常,胶囊适合地保持在组合物容器300内。容器或胶囊将就合适而言包括密封件或膜等,比如箔密封件或塑料壳,其可被启动器600切割或刺穿。活塞400的上表面可以形成组合物容器300的底部或底板。
在使用中,按压启动器600,这迫使启动器600的针610抵靠放置在组合物容器300内的容器或胶囊,刺穿或切割容器或胶囊的密封件或膜。
在使用中,活塞400通过气流从第一配置平移,如图3A所示,其中组合物容器300是开放的并且容纳容器或胶囊,并且活塞400的入口端410防止或至少基本上限制从气体入口100到气体出口200的气流;对于第二配置,如图3B所示,其中活塞400的出口端420将容器或胶囊从组合物容器300中移出,并且从气体入口100到气体出口200的气流被活塞400的入口端410的移动促进或基本上不受约束。
在此提及的与活塞400在气流过程中的移动相关的“基本上不受约束”应理解为与活塞400的第一配置或位置相关的基本上不受约束的气流。也就是说,在第二配置或位置中,气流将被理解为在一定程度上被它必须流过的路径和通道的限制,但是限制的程度将显著小于当活塞400处于第一配置或位置时所经历的程度。在实施例中,“基本上不受约束”可以被理解为相对于当活塞400处于第一配置或位置时的气体流动“促进”、“打开”、“自由”或“畅通”的气体流动。
在使用中,通过气体出口200在活塞400上分别施加负压,并通过气体入口100施加正压,活塞400可从第一配置转换到第二配置。
在一种典型的情况下,在使用中,通过气体出口200吸入受试者而将负压施加到活塞400的活塞出口端420,气体出口200将活塞400从第一配置转变为第二配置。
在一种典型的情况下,在使用中,通过使用者呼气进入气体入口100而将正压施加到活塞400的入口端410,这将活塞400从第一配置平移到第二配置。
在一种典型的情况下,在使用中,正压从连接到气体入口100的加压气体源(比如气体罐)施加到活塞400的入口端410,该加压气体源将活塞400从第一配置转换到第二配置。
在使用中,当活塞400平移到第二配置时,容器或胶囊从组合物容器300的移位迫使容器或胶囊基本上在涡流室500内。
在使用中,当容器或胶囊基本上位于涡流室500内时,气体入口100和气体出口200之间的气流促进组合物从容器或胶囊的分散。
更具体地,在使用中,气体入口100和气体出口200之间的气流通过腔室通道520(如图7最佳所示,腔室通道520本身与腔室端口530连续)进入涡流腔室500,从而产生涡流并使容器或胶囊在涡流腔室500内旋转。在实施例中,室通道520便于气流进入涡流室500,使得气流路径与涡流室500的壁相切或基本连续。
在使用中,容器或胶囊在涡流室500内抵靠或靠近室壁510的旋转通过由起作用的启动器600刺穿或切割的密封件或膜从容器或胶囊分散组合物,在图1B、3A和3B的实施例中,该启动器将致动针620。腔室壁上的突部有助于由于与容器以一定速度接触而破坏容器的旋压运动,因此有助于促进组合物的释放。
在这方面的装置的实施例中,比如装置10,还包括解聚器700,在使用中,由涡流室500分散的组合物通过气体入口100和气体出口200之间的气流被解聚器进一步分散和/或解聚。
在典型的实施例中,其中解聚器700包括筛网或网,如图3A和3B所示,该筛网或网包括多个孔或槽以促进气体湍流、气流中夹带的组合物通过或经过筛网或网有助于通过产生的气体湍流进一步分散和/或解聚组合物。
在典型的实施例中,其中解聚器包括一个或多个适于响应于气流而振动的柔性构件,气流中夹带的组合物通过或经过柔性构件有助于通过柔性构件的所产生的振动而进一步分散和/或解聚组合物。
在使用中,由气体入口100和气体出口200之间的气流通过或经过涡流室500和任选的装置的解聚器分散的组合物被夹带在气流中递送到受治疗者的气管。
在一种典型的情况下,在使用中,气体在气体入口100和气体出口200之间流过或通过涡流室500和任选的装置的解聚器,以将气流中夹带的组合物递送至受试者的气道,由受试者通过气体出口200吸入产生。
在一种典型的情况下,在使用中,气体在气体入口100和气体出口200之间流动,经过或通过涡流室500和任选的装置的解聚器,以将气流中夹带的组合物递送至受试者的气道,由装置10的使用者呼气进入入口100产生。
在一种典型的情况下,在使用中,气体在气体入口100和气体出口200之间流动,经过或通过涡流室500和任选的装置的解聚器,以将气流中夹带的组合物递送至受试者的气道,由来自加压气体源(比如气体罐)的气体进入气体入口100的方向产生。
图4至图8示出了在这些图中称为装置1000的装置10的优选实施例。应当理解,在图1至图3和图4至图8之间,相同的部件具有相同的附图标记,因此,例如,图1至图3中的致动器或活塞400是图4至图8中的致动器或活塞1400;气体入口100是气体入口1100等。对装置10所作的所有注释加以必要的变更都适用于装置1000,并且被认为在这里完全相对于装置1000重复。
图4示出了装置1000的部件以及它们与安置在气体入口1100的内表面上的致动器或活塞1400互连的方式,所述内表面具体是其唇缘或凸缘;本体1050,其与气体入口1100连接以形成气密连接;启动器1600容纳在主体1050的壁内,其中针1620朝向组合物容器1300延伸;气体出口1200,其连接到主体1050以形成气密连接;并且与装置10不同,帽1800位于气体出口1200上方。
图5A至7更详细地示出了图4的各个部件的结构和位置。可以看出,帽1800具有形成在其上表面1820内的井1810。从帽1800的下侧,在井1810的区域的下方,存在向下延伸的细长构件1830。在所示的实施例中,细长构件1830采取接脚状物或接脚形物的形式,但将了解,可设想提供相同结果的许多其它形式。气流不能通过井1810,因此在使用前必须从装置1000上取下帽1800。
图5B是当帽1800完全坐落或与气体出口1200接合时装置1000的横截面图。在该位置,帽1800的下表面基本上与气体出口1200的上表面邻接。在该实施例中,可以看到接脚1830延伸穿过解聚器或筛网1700(在图7中最佳示出),因此解聚器1700具有形成在其中的两个开口以允许接脚1830穿过。开口的尺寸使得当帽1800被移除并且接脚1830不再存在时解聚器1700的功能基本上不受它们的存在的影响。当帽1800完全就位时,接脚1830延伸到分散室或涡流室1500中,使得当组合物容器就位在组合物容器1300内时,它们起到将容器保持在适当位置的作用。这用于防止容器移位或移动,使得容器相对于针1620处于最佳位置,以便在移除帽时刺穿容器。
可以看出,帽1800的壁的下部具有斜切或斜面部分1840,在所示实施例中,该斜切或斜面部分可以被称为凸轮1840。启动器1600的按钮或凸轮从动件1610与斜切部分/凸轮1840的上部区域接触,使得在移位帽1800以将其移除和使用装置时,斜切迫使按钮/凸轮从动件1610上的移位量增加,由此迫使针1620进一步延伸到组合物容器1300中并刺穿将位于其中的组合物容器。该位移可以通过施加在形成按钮/凸轮从动件1610的弹性材料上的压力来实现。这是本发明的明显优点,因为不需要单独的按钮或开关来释放组合物。相反,帽1800的移除自动导致容器的刺穿和组合物的释放。此外,刺穿仅在接脚1830同时升高时发生,因此当针1620向内移动时保证容器的最佳放置。
在从图5B到图6B的变化中可以看到帽1800的这种移除的结果,其中帽1800已经升高到启动器1600的最大位移点,并且因此针1620延伸到组合物容器1300中的最大距离。还可以看出,接脚1830是凸起的并且基本上离开涡流室1500。
图7示出了帽1800的完全去除,因此接脚1830也被去除,并且可以看到解聚器1700中的开口1710。图7还提供了从涡流室1500的顶板延伸的单个突部1540的更好视图,该突部1540紧邻形成在涡流室1500中的解聚器1700的边缘。优选地,在涡流室1500的顶板上具有至少两个突部1540。已经发现,彼此成约90度设置的两个这样的突部1540在使用期间提供了旋压容器运动的最佳中断,并因此提供了组合物的最佳释放。即,如果将一个突部1540定位在12点钟处,则另一个突部1540优选地相对于第一个突部定位在3点钟或9点钟处。在所示实施例中,突部1540是细长突部1540。
在图7中,帽1800的完全移除还允许启动器1600采取它们的初始定位,并且因此针1620已经从组合物容器1300收回。重要的是,从图6B和7可以理解,一旦帽1800被移除并且启动器1600回复到其原始位置,就不可能再一次简单地将帽1800放回与装置1000完全接合。这是因为斜切部分/凸轮1840将与按钮/凸轮从动件1610的上表面形成阻挡接合。此时倒角的角度克服按钮/凸轮从动件1610的位移,因此帽1800不能进一步降低。这是本装置1000的优点,因为它有效地成为一次性使用的装置。如果潜在的使用者将装置1000的帽1800取下,他们将立即知道装置1000已被使用或组合物的容器已被刺穿且不适于给药。这为用户提供了快速且简单的可视队列,以了解他们携带或配备的装置1000适合于此目的。鉴于在许多情况下最终医疗用途的关键性质,这是一个重要的安全特征。
可以理解,图5至7中的活塞1400保持不移动,因此没有气体自由地流过装置1000。然而,图5B可以被认为是静止或非使用位置,而图6B示出了其中组合物的容器被刺穿的启动位置,图7示出了准备使用位置,其中容器已经被刺穿,帽1800已经被移除,并且装置1000准备施加正压或负压以将活塞1400从第一配置移动到第二配置,如前所述,以使气体能够从气体入口1100流到气体出口1200,在该点处其将夹带组合物。
提供图8以更好地说明气流通道本身。可以看出,活塞1400通常位于气体入口1100内,其入口端1410优选以密封接合的方式位于唇缘或凸缘上,组合物容器位于上表面1420上。当活塞1400被致动并向上移动以移动组合物的容器时,可以理解的是,空气然后可以流过唇缘或凸缘。此时,气流可继续通过腔室端口1530,该腔室端口1530穿过本体1050并与气体入口1100以及涡流室1500的内部连续。可以理解,可以只有一个腔室端口1530,但至少两个是最佳的。
图8示出了腔室端口1530的上端与腔室通道1520是连续的,腔室通道1520基本上与主体1050的壁一致,使得进入的气流被迫进入基本上圆形的、循环的或涡流的路径。其效果是,通过活塞或致动器1400的运动而移动到涡流室1500中的组合物的容器被引起快速旋压。由于气流和湍流,组合物将在该阶段释放,然而,已经发现,通过存在一个或多个突部1540,容器将持续地撞击或敲击到所述突部中,从而导致组合物从容器中溢出,从而极大地改善了释放。然后,夹带有组合物的气流以前述装置10的方式通过解聚器1700并进入气体出口1200。
装置1000可被使用并连接到设备或以装置10所描述的方式连接。
因此,在某些实施例中,提供了用于向受试者的气道施用组合物的装置,该装置包括:
气体入口、气体出口、活塞、组合物容器和分散室流体连通;
该组合物容器基本上邻近该活塞的上表面;
该分散室基本上邻近该组合物容器定位并且包括一个或多个室端口;以及
基本上邻近该分散室定位的解聚器;
其中该活塞可在第一配置和第二配置之间配置,在该第一配置中,该组合物容器基本上不受限制并且该气体入口和该气体出口之间的气流受限;以及第二配置,其中,气体入口和气体出口之间的气流基本上不受各自的约束,而与(i)经由气体入口施加正压无关;和(ii)通过气体出口施加负压。
应了解,此方面的装置(例如,装置10和装置1000)可具有若干重要优点。
有利地,比如装置10和装置1000的实施例允许在正和负气流条件下操作。因此,装置10和装置1000可以用作吸入器装置,例如,用于通过经由气体出口200/1200吸入而将组合物自我施用给受试者;以及用作吹入器装置,例如,用于通过将正压气体施加到气体入口100/1100中而将组合物施用给受治疗者,以施用给无意识或无反应的患者。
有利地,气体入口100/1100和气体出口200/1200允许使用中的灵活性和多功能性,具有直接用作吹口,或用作进一步呼吸设备的连接或配件的潜力。
例如,当装置10和装置1000用作吸入器装置时,受试者可使用气体出口200/1200作为吹口,并通过气体出口200/1200直接吸入。或者,比如当装置10和装置1000用作吹入器装置时,气体出口200/1200可用于连接合适的呼吸设备,比如面罩,包括口内面罩、口鼻罩等,以及先进的气道设备,比如气管内管、声门上气道、喉部气道等。
通过进一步的示例,比如当装置10或装置1000用作吹入器装置时,装置10或装置1000可通过气体入口100/1100用于连接合适的呼吸设备,比如呼吸器、压缩气体供应、手动复苏器和自动复苏器以及需求阀复苏器等。可替代地,气体入口100/1100可以由使用者或护理人员直接用作呼出进入装置10/1000的吹口。
图9至图14展示了被配置为用于单侧操作的另一个优选实施例,也就是说,仅通过负压来激活。该实施例被称为装置2000。相同的部件具有与装置10和装置1000的部件相同的编号。因此,例如,图1中的气体出口200与图4中的气体出口1200和图9中的气体出口2200相同。
参见图9,装置2000包括本体2050;气体出口2200;启动器2600;和帽2800。与装置10和1000不同,气体入口和致动器由基座2900代替。转到图10b,前面描述的结构对于组合物容器2300是明显的;涡流室2500;但是所示的组合物胶囊2320装载在组合物容器2300中。
图9示出了装置2000的分解图。为简单起见,仅详细描述不同于装置10和装置1000的那些元件。对装置10和装置1000所作的所有其它评论在作必要的修正后适用于装置2000。代替气体入口,该装置包括基座2900。基座2900包括允许气体(空气)在操作中流入装置的孔2910。如下面清楚所示,当使用者吸气时,空气流过孔2910、组合物容器2300、涡流室2500并流出气体出口2200。
从底部2900看,除了孔2910之外,可以看到有容纳组合物胶囊2320的胶囊座2920,如图10b所示。
看帽2800,可以看到帽顶2825,其可相对于帽2800移动,如下所述。井2810形成在帽顶2825中,并且一对细长构件2830从2825延伸以将组合物胶囊2320保持在适当位置,如图10b中清楚可见。细长构件2830可以是如图所示的一对接脚的形式。然而,本发明不限于一对接脚,而是可以有1、3、4或一些其它数量的接脚,或不呈接脚形式的一些其它结构,其起到将组合物胶囊2320保持在胶囊座2920中的适当位置的作用。
通过2000的结构以及与装置10和1000的区别可以通过参考图10到14解释操作来最好地举例说明。参见图10a,示出了处于所谓的“封闭”、“递送”、“加载”或预激活状态的装置2000。帽2800完全向下位于主体2050上。在一种形式中,孔2910可由连接到帽2800以用作限制器的插塞或密封件(未示出)封闭。在帽2800可以从主体2050提起之前必须移除插塞。
从图10b的横截面中可以看出,组合物胶囊2320位于胶囊组2920中,启动器2600缩回并且帽顶2825就位,而细长构件2830将组合物胶囊2320保持就位。
通过移除帽2800来激活装置2000以供使用。这在多个步骤中发生。如图11a和图11b所示,最初,凸轮2840撞击凸轮从动件2610,导致压缩启动器2600,直到针2620刺破组合物胶囊2320。帽顶2825保持在适当位置,细长构件2830将组合物胶囊2320保持在胶囊座2920上。应当理解,这种布置具有这样的优点,即无论装置2000的取向如何,组合物胶囊2320都保持在适当的位置,从而确保通过针2620刺穿组合物胶囊2320。
如图12a和图12b所示,帽2800继续从主体2050移除,使得在组合物胶囊2320被刺穿之后立即释放弹性可变形启动器2600上的压力,并且针2620缩回。帽顶2825现在与帽2800一起移动并被移除,从而允许接近气体出口2200。如图13a和图13b所示,当装置2000准备好使用时,这可以被称为'打开'、'就绪'或'激活'状态。
如箭头2210所示,使用者的吸入导致空气流过孔2910、通过组合物接收器2300,这将组合物胶囊2320提升到涡流室2500中,在涡流室中组合物以前述方式被分散,并因此通过气体出口2200,组合物被夹带以递送给使用者。
本发明的这个实施例的一个特别的优点是,如图14中所示,因为启动器2600在途中,所以帽2800不能在主体2050上被替换。应当清楚,组合物胶囊2320的自动刺穿不仅适用于图10至14的实施例。图4至图9的实施例可以以相同的方式配置,在这种情况下,活塞1400的出口端1420变成胶囊座,并且帽1800形成为两部分而不是一个。
鉴于上述内容,容易理解的是,该方面的装置,比如装置10、1000或2000,可以在使用中提供有利的灵活性和/或通用性。例如,装置10、1000或2000可用作吸入器装置,用于由受试者自我施用组合物。装置10或装置1000也可用于复苏情况,其中组合物与来自护理者的人工呼吸一起施用。装置10或装置1000也可用于医院情况,其中使用呼吸面罩或先进的气道装置通过吹入施用组合物。
有利地,该方面的装置的实施例,比如装置10、1000或2000,可以根据受试者的特定要求进行调整或修改以改变剂量。
例如,可改变或修改启动器600/1600/2600的针620/1620/2620和/或刀片的尺寸和/或数量以调节组合物的递送速率。容易理解的是,较大数量或尺寸的针或刀片通常允许组合物从分散室500/1500/2500以更高的速率释放,并随后递送至受试者。
作为另一个示例,可以改变或修改分散室500/1500/2500内(例如,涡流室500/1500的壁510/1510/2510或天花板上)的突部540/1540/2540(例如,细长突部、径向取向的凸块或隆起)的数目、位置和/或高度以调节组合物的递送速率。容易理解的是,至少在突部的布置基本上不抑制或限制分散室500/1500/2500内的容器或胶囊的旋转的情况下,突部的数目和/或高度的增加通常将增加组合物从分散室500/1500/2500的释放,以及随后向受试者的递送。
类似地,在包括解聚器700/1700的装置的实施例中,解聚器的特性(例如,关于柔性构件或筛网特性)可被修改或调节以调节组合物递送的速率。
有利地,比如装置10或装置1000的实施例在使用中从容器或胶囊的递送方面通常是可靠的。
例如,在该布置中,致动器400/1400在第一配置和第二配置之间的配置(a)将容器或胶囊从组合物容器300/1300移动至分散室500/1500;以及(b)通过气体入口100/1100和气体出口200/1200之间的气流促进和保持,可以有效地防止或至少避免容器或胶囊的不希望的位移或位移缺失,例如,“粘附”。
另外,实施例比如装置10、1000或2000,特别是其中组合物容器300/130/2300形成为配合地接收容器或胶囊的实施例,通常可在以任何取向放置时进行启动和使用,性能变化有限或没有变化。
有利地,如上所述,实施例比如装置10、1000、2000通常具有从入口100/1100/2910到出口200/1200/2200通过本体50/1050/2050的基本密封或气密的气体流动路径。应当理解,这种密封的流动路径基本上防止或至少限制了组合物的不希望的逸出或泄漏。
有利地,比如装置10、1000或2000的实施例,特别是包括剂量跟踪器的实施例,允许估计递送给受试者的组合物的剂量。应当理解,这可以有助于剂量可靠性,并且可以降低剂量不足或过量的可能性,和/或如果发生剂量不足或过量则警告用户。
此外,装置1000/2000提供了明显的优点,即简单地通过移除帽1800/2800而容易地启动装置1000/2000。
以上是示例性实施例的一些典型优点的非限制性列表。
本发明的另一方面提供了使用前述方面的装置(比如装置10/1000/2000)将组合物施用至受试者气道的方法。
相关方面提供了一种通过使用前述方面的装置(比如装置10/1000/2000)向受试者的气道施用有效量的组合物来治疗或预防受试者中的病症的方法。通常,根据这些方面的受试者是人类受试者。
如本领域技术人员容易理解的,根据这些方面,可以选择合适的组合物用于向特定受试者施用,包括用于与特定病症相关的特定治疗目的。
通常,如本文该施用的组合物可以包括用于根据受试者的状况和医疗要求向受试者的气道施用的任何合适的药物。如上所述,组合物通常是干粉,并且可以是一个或多个纯的或基本上纯的活性成分的形式。或者,除了一个或多个活性成分之外,组合物还可包括一个或多个药学上可接受的组分,例如,本领域熟知的填充剂、赋形剂或稀释剂。
如本领域技术人员所理解的,施用于受试者气道的干粉组合物的粒度可影响干粉的治疗功效。通常,施用的微粒的d50或平均质量空气动力学直径(MMAD)小于6μm。如本领域技术人员将理解的,“d50”或“D50”是指颗粒样品的按质量计50%的粒径小于的值。该d50颗粒MMAD优选在约0.5和约20μm之间,包括约:1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18和19μm,更优选约0.5至10μm,甚至更优选1至6μm,包括约:1.5、2、2.5、3、3.5、4、4.5、5和5.5μm。应当理解,在装置10包括解聚器700的实施方式中,前面的值是指分散到气体流中之后和/或通过解聚器700之后的颗粒尺寸。
可根据本发明递送的活性剂的示例包括β-2-激动剂、类固醇如糖皮质激素(优选抗炎药)、抗胆碱能药、白三烯拮抗剂、白三烯合成抑制剂、一般的疼痛缓解药物比如镇痛药和抗炎药(包括甾体和非甾体抗炎药)、心血管药物如强心苷、呼吸药物、抗哮喘剂、支气管扩张药、抗癌剂、生物碱(例如,麦角生物碱)或曲坦类比如可用于治疗偏头痛、可用于治疗I型和II型糖尿病及相关病症的药物(例如,磺酰脲类)、睡眠诱导药物包括镇静剂和催眠药、精神兴奋剂、食欲抑制剂、抗关节炎药、抗疟药、抗癫痫药、抗血栓剂、抗高血压药、抗心律失常药、抗氧化剂、抗抑郁药、抗精神病药、抗心绞痛药、抗痉挛药、解痉药、勃起促进剂、解痉药、肌肉收缩药、抗真菌药、用于治疗神经疾病的其它形式的药物、如抗血栓剂、抗真菌药、用于治疗神经系统疾病的药物、如血管扩张药、用于治疗神经系统疾病的药物、如抗血栓剂、抗惊厥药、抗血栓剂、抗真菌药、镇定剂、抗生素如大环内酯类、氨基糖苷类、氟喹诺酮类和β-内酰胺类、疫苗、细胞因子、生长因子、激素剂包括避孕药、拟交感神经药、利尿剂、脂质调节剂、抗雄激素剂、抗寄生虫药、抗凝血剂、肿瘤形成剂、抗肿瘤药、降血糖药、营养剂和补充剂、生长补充剂、抗肠炎剂、疫苗、抗体、诊断剂和造影剂以及上述物质的混合物(例如,包含类固醇和β-激动剂的哮喘联合治疗)。
活性剂可以属于许多结构类别之一,包括但不限于小分子(包括不溶性小分子)、肽、多肽、蛋白质、多糖、类固醇、核苷酸、寡核苷酸、多核苷酸、脂肪、电解质等。具体的示例包括β-2-激动剂沙丁胺醇(例如,硫酸沙丁胺醇)和沙美特罗(例如,沙美特罗萘酸酯)、类固醇布地奈德和氟替卡松(例如,丙酸氟替卡松)、强心苷地高辛、生物碱抗偏头痛药物双氢麦角胺甲磺酸盐和其它生物碱麦角胺、用于治疗帕金森病的生物碱溴隐亭、曲马普坦、利扎曲坦、那拉曲坦、夫罗曲坦、阿莫曲坦、唑米曲坦、吗啡和吗啡类似物芬太尼(例如,柠檬酸芬太尼)、格列本脲(磺脲)、苯并二氮杂卓类例如,vallium、三唑仑、阿普唑拉莫和氯硝泮(通常用作安眠药、例如,治疗失眠症或惊恐发作)、抗精神病药利培酮、用于治疗勃起功能障碍的阿扑吗啡、抗感染的两性霉素B、罗氟哌和环丙沙星、RH中的抗生素、莫西沙星,和莫西沙星类似物,和莫昔康、例如,卡洛沙霉素、卡洛沙(例如,卡铂和卡莫昔康)、卡洛沙霉素、例如,卡洛沙姆类固醇、卡洛沙姆、其单克隆抗体和β-阿洛沙姆、例如,卡巴霉素,和β-阿洛他霉素,和其单克隆抗体,和支气管扩张蛋白、例如,和β-干扰素衍生物、例如,抗生素,和糖皮质激素,和β-阿洛沙托普罗马酮,和β-阿洛沙姆-阿洛沙泮,和其衍生物、例如,和支气管扩张剂,和支气管扩张蛋白,和奈莫拉平,例如,和奈莫拉普类。
潜在合适的活性剂的其它实例包括但不限于天冬氨酸酶、氨多索韦(DAPD)、抗排卵肽、贝卡普卢明、降钙素、氰病毒蛋白、腺嘌呤二肽酯、红细胞生成素(EPO)、EPO激动剂、结构域α、红细胞生成刺激蛋白(NESP)、凝血因子如因子VIIa、因子VIII、因子IX、vonWillebrand因子;西利酶、伊米苷酶、α-葡糖苷酶、胶原、环孢菌素、α防御素、β防御素、艾塞那肽-4、粒细胞集落刺激因子(GCSF)、血小板生成素(TPO)、α-1蛋白酶抑制剂、依降钙素、粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GMCSF)、纤维蛋白原、非格司亭、生长激素释放激素(GHRH)、GRO-β抗体、骨形态发生蛋白如骨形态发生蛋白-2、骨形态发生蛋白-6、OP-1;酸性成纤维细胞生长因子、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子、CD-40配体、肝素、人血清白蛋白、低分子量肝素(LMWH)、干扰素如干扰素α、干扰素β、干扰素γ、干扰素ω、干扰素τ;白细胞介素和白细胞介素受体,例如,白细胞介素-1受体、白细胞介素-2融合蛋白、白细胞介素-1受体拮抗剂、白细胞介素-3、白细胞介素-4受体、白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-8、白细胞介素-12、白细胞介素-13受体、白细胞介素-17受体;乳铁蛋白和乳铁蛋白片段、促黄体激素释放激素(LHRH)、胰岛素、胰岛素原、胰岛素类似物、糊精、C-肽、生长激素抑制素类似物包括奥曲肽、加压素、促卵泡激素(FSH)、流感疫苗、胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)、胰岛素内针、巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)、纤溶酶原活化剂如阿替普酶、尿激酶、瑞替普酶、链激酶、帕米普酶、拉诺替普酶和替奈普酶;神经生长因子(NGF)、骨保护素、血小板衍生生长因子、组织生长因子、转化生长因子-1、血管内皮生长因子、白血病抑制因子、角质形成细胞生长因子(KGF)、胶质细胞生长因子(GGF)、T细胞受体、CD分子/抗原、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、单核细胞化学引诱物蛋白-1内皮生长因子、甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、胰高血糖素样肽、生长激素、胸腺素α1IIb/IIIa抑制剂、胸腺素β10、胸腺素β9、胸腺素β4、α-1抗胰蛋白酶、磷酸二酯酶(PDE)化合物、VLA-4(极晚期抗原-4)、VLA-4抑制剂、二膦酸盐、呼吸道合胞病毒抗体、囊性纤维化跨膜调节剂(CFTR)基因、脱氧核糖核酸酶(DNase)、杀菌/通透性增加蛋白(BPI)和抗CMV抗体。示例性单克隆抗体包括依那西普(由与IgG1的Fc部分连接的人75kD TNF受体的胞外配体结合部分组成的二聚融合蛋白)、阿昔单抗、阿立莫单抗、巴利昔单抗、达克珠单抗、英夫单抗、依替莫单抗、米妥莫单抗、莫洛单抗-CD3、碘131托西莫单抗缀合物、奥马珠单抗、利妥昔单抗和曲妥珠单抗(赫赛汀)、氨磷汀、胺碘酮、氨基格拉明、安吖啶、阿那格雷、阿那曲唑、天门冬酰胺酶、蒽环类、贝沙罗汀、比卡鲁胺、博来霉素、布瑞林、白消安、卡麦角林、卡培他滨、卡莫司汀、苯丁酸氮芥、顺铂、利滨、氯屈肼、环磷酰胺、环丙孕酮、阿糖胞苷、喜树碱、13-顺式-抗抑酸、全反式维甲酸;达卡巴嗪、放线菌素D、柔红霉素、地塞米松、双氯芬酸、己烯雌酚、多西他赛、阿霉素、表柔比星、雌莫司汀、依托泊苷、依西美坦、非索非那定、氟达拉滨、氟氢可的松、氟尿嘧啶、氟甲睾酮、氟他胺、吉西他滨、肾上腺素、L-多巴、羟基脲、伊达比星、异环磷酰胺、伊马替尼、伊立替康、伊曲康唑、戈舍瑞林、来曲唑、甲酰四氢叶酸、左旋咪唑、洛莫司汀、甲氯乙胺、甲羟孕酮、甲地孕酮、美法仑、巯嘌呤、甲氨蝶呤、甲氧氯普霉素、米托坦、米托蒽醌、纳洛酮、烟碱、他鲁胺、奥曲肽、奥沙利铂、帕莫司他丁、匹罗霉素、pormomer、泼尼松、丙卡巴肼、硫克拉嗪、昂丹司琼、恩曲塞、链霉素、链脲霉素、他克莫司、大麻酚、替诺霉素、替诺辛、替诺霉素、替诺丁、替诺霉素、维拉滨、维尼泊昔康、替诺霉素;长春新碱、长春地辛、长春瑞滨、多拉司琼、格拉司琼;福莫特罗、氟替卡松、亮丙瑞林、咪达唑仑、阿普唑仑、两性霉素B、鬼臼毒素、核苷抗病毒剂、芳酰腙、舒马曲坦;大环内酯类,例如,红霉素、齐墩果霉素、醋竹桃霉素、罗红霉素、克拉霉素、davercin、阿奇霉素、氟红霉素、地红霉素、交沙霉素、螺旋霉素、麦迪霉素、白霉素、米卡霉素、罗他霉素、和红霉霉素、和红霉内酯A;氟喹诺酮类,例如,环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、左氧氟沙星、曲伐沙星、阿拉曲沙星、莫西沙星、诺氟沙星、依诺沙星、格帕沙星、加替沙星、洛美沙星、司帕沙星、替马沙星、培氟沙星、氨氟沙星、氟罗沙星、托氟沙星、普卢利沙星、伊洛沙星、帕珠沙星、克林沙星和西他沙星;氨基糖苷类,例如,庆大霉素、奈替米星、帕拉霉素、妥布霉素、阿米卡星、卡那霉素、新霉素和链霉素、万古霉素、替考拉宁、雷波拉宁、米普兰、粘菌素、达托霉素、短杆菌肽、粘菌素甲烷;多粘菌素,例如,多粘菌素B、卷曲霉素、杆菌肽、青霉烯类;青霉素类,包括青霉素G、青霉素V等对青霉素酶敏感的试剂;抗阴茎青霉素酶的试剂,如甲氧西林、苯唑西林、氯唑西林、双氯西林、氟唑西林、萘夫西林;革兰氏阴性微生物活性剂,如氨苄青霉素、阿莫西林和羟乙基青霉素、青霉素和加氨西林;抗假单胞菌青霉素,如羧苄青霉素、替卡西林、阿洛西林、美洛西林和哌拉西林;头孢菌素类如头孢泊肟、头孢丙烯、头孢布烯、头孢唑肟、头孢曲松、头孢噻吩、头孢吡肟、头孢氨苄、头孢拉定、头孢西丁、头孢孟多、头孢唑啉、头孢噻啶、头孢克洛、头孢羟氨苄、头孢甘氨酸、头孢呋辛、头孢雷特、头孢噻肟、头孢曲嗪、头孢克林、头孢吡肟、头孢克肟、头孢尼西、头孢哌酮、头孢替坦、头孢美唑、头孢他啶、氯卡比和拉氧头孢,单环内酰胺类如氨曲南;和碳青霉烯类,例如,亚胺培南、美罗培南、戊亚胺异硫代乙酯、舒喘宁硫酸盐;利多卡因、硫酸奥西那林、贝氯美索坦双丙酸酯、去炎松乙酰胺、布地奈德丙酮化合物、氟替卡松、异丙托溴铵、氟尼缩松、色甘酸钠和酒石酸麦角胺;紫杉烷类,例如,紫杉醇;SN-38;酪氨酸磷酸化。
可以使用的其它试剂包括:利奈唑胺;任选与PDE5抑制剂组合的曲前列醇;胃泌酸调节素;和帕洛诺司琼,任选与一种优选高效的NK1拮抗剂组合。
应理解,上述示例性活性剂包括,如适用的,其类似物、激动剂、拮抗剂、抑制剂、异构体和药学上可接受的盐形式。关于肽和蛋白质,本发明包括合成的、重组的、天然的、糖基化的、非糖基化的和生物活性的片段及其类似物。
在一些典型的实施例中,组合物包括一个或多个选自肾上腺素、葡萄糖、胰高血糖素、纳洛酮、胰岛素等的活性剂。
在一些典型的实施例中,组合物包括用于治疗心力衰竭、心功能障碍、心脏停搏、过敏反应、药物过量等的肾上腺素和/或阿托品的微粒、纳米颗粒、微胶囊、纳米胶囊、微球和/或纳米球。
在一些典型的实施例中,组合物包括用于治疗低血糖症、糖尿病诱导的昏迷等的颗粒葡萄糖和/或胰高血糖素。在实施例中,干粉包括用于治疗癫痫的颗粒苯并二氮杂、苯妥英或抗癫痫药物。
在一些典型的实施例中,组合物包括一个或多个用于诱导免疫应答的试剂,比如一个或多个疫苗。在实施例中,干粉包括麻疹疫苗,用于诱导针对麻疹的免疫应答或免疫抵抗麻疹。在实施例中,干粉包括乙型肝炎疫苗,用于诱导针对乙型肝炎的免疫应答或免疫抵抗乙型肝炎。在实施例中,干粉包括流感疫苗,用于诱导针对流感的免疫应答或免疫抵抗流感。
提供本发明的各种实施例的上述描述是为了描述相关领域的普通技术人员。其并非旨在穷举或将本发明限于单个公开的实施例。如上所述,本发明的许多替换和变化对于上述教导的本领域技术人员是清楚明白的。因此,虽然已经具体讨论了一些可选实施例,但是本领域的普通技术人员将清楚或相对容易地开发出其他实施例。本发明意图包括在本文已经讨论的本发明的所有替换、修改和变化,以及落入上述发明的精神和范围内的其他实施例。
Claims (13)
1.一种用于将组合物递送至受试者的气道的装置,所述装置流体连通地包括:
气体入口;
气体出口;
包括所述组合物的组合物胶囊的组合物容器;以及
分散室;
一个或多个启动器,一个或多个所述启动器在移除帽时刺穿所述组合物胶囊来释放所述组合物,每一个所述启动器包括凸轮从动件和相关联的针或刀片;以及
帽,所述帽被配置为覆盖所述气体出口并包括一个或多个凸轮,所述凸轮定位以便于接合并移位各所述启动器;
其中,所述组合物胶囊保持在适当位置,以便由一个或多个所述启动器在胶囊座和一个或多个细长构件之间刺穿,所述胶囊座形成在所述装置的基部中,所述细长构件从所述帽作延伸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,一个或多个所述启动器的所述凸轮从动件是弹簧加载的。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的装置,其中,一个或多个所述启动器的凸轮从动件防止所述帽在移除后被替换。
4.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述帽包括相对于所述帽可移动的帽顶和一个或多个细长构件从所述帽的所述帽顶延伸。
5.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述分散室适于接收所述组合物以递送到所述受试者,并将所述组合物分散到所述气体入口和所述气体出口之间的气流中,以递送到所述受试者的气道。
6.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述分散室适于促进所述组合物胶囊在所述分散室内的旋转运动或旋压。
7.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述分散室与一个或多个室端口相连,气体通过所述室端口在所述气体入口和所述气体出口之间流动。
8.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述分散室包括从其表面突出的一个或多个突部。
9.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述分散室是涡流室。
10.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述装置还包括解聚器,所述解聚器基本上位于所述分散室附近,并与所述气体入口、气体出口、组合物容器和分散室流体连通。
11.根据权利要求10所述的装置,其中,所述解聚器是筛或网。
12.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述气体出口是吹口。
13.一种用于将组合物递送至受试者的气道的装置,所述装置流体连通地包括:
气体入口;
气体出口;
包括所述组合物的组合物胶囊的组合物容器;以及
分散室;
一个或多个启动器,每一个所述启动器包括由所述装置的帽上的凸轮所激活的凸轮从动件以在移除所述帽时移动针或刀片来刺穿或切割所述组合物胶囊以释放所述组合物,
其中,一个或多个所述启动器的所述凸轮从动件防止所述帽在移除后被替换。
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US16/450,077 US10828432B1 (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | Respiratory delivery device and method |
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PCT/AU2020/050633 WO2020257845A1 (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2020-06-23 | Automatic dispenser for respiratory delivery device |
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US11717621B2 (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2023-08-08 | De Motu Cordis Pty Ltd | Automatic dispenser for respiratory delivery device |
EP4311566A1 (en) | 2022-07-28 | 2024-01-31 | Vectura Inc. | An inhaler comprising a retention element |
US20230364362A1 (en) * | 2023-05-23 | 2023-11-16 | De Motu Cordis Pty Ltd | Respiratory delivery device |
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- 2020-06-23 CA CA3144231A patent/CA3144231A1/en active Pending
- 2020-06-23 KR KR1020227001160A patent/KR20220044189A/ko unknown
- 2020-06-23 AU AU2020302954A patent/AU2020302954B2/en active Active
- 2020-06-23 CN CN202080055681.5A patent/CN114206417B/zh active Active
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KR20220044189A (ko) | 2022-04-06 |
EP3986514A4 (en) | 2023-08-09 |
CA3144231A1 (en) | 2020-12-30 |
AU2020302954A1 (en) | 2022-02-17 |
AU2020302954B2 (en) | 2024-10-17 |
CN114206417A (zh) | 2022-03-18 |
WO2020257845A1 (en) | 2020-12-30 |
DE20832571T1 (de) | 2022-08-18 |
EP3986514A1 (en) | 2022-04-27 |
JP2022539347A (ja) | 2022-09-08 |
IL289333A (en) | 2022-02-01 |
EP3986514B1 (en) | 2024-09-18 |
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