CN114201797A - Design method and device for middle-deep buried pipe heat pump heating system - Google Patents
Design method and device for middle-deep buried pipe heat pump heating system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A design method of a middle-deep buried pipe heat pump heating system relates to the field of geothermal energy. When the existing geothermal heating system with the buried pipes in the middle and deep layers runs, the water temperature fluctuation at the side inlet and the outlet of the geodetic edge is large, more strata are involved by 2000-3000 meters of the buried pipes in the middle and deep layers, the physical property parameters of rock and soil mass are difficult to obtain, and the design of the system is very difficult; therefore, the scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the design method of the heat pump heating system of the buried pipe in the middle-deep layer is realized based on the following devices: a building heating load module for collecting building envelope parameters; a rock-soil thermophysical parameter module for acquiring rock-soil thermophysical parameters; the middle-deep buried pipe heat exchanger module outputs a heat exchange result according to the acquired building envelope parameters and rock-soil thermophysical parameters; determining a module of a heat pump heating system according to the heat exchange structure; the method comprises the following steps: processing building envelope parameters and rock-soil thermophysical parameters through a heat exchange model; the method is suitable for design and reference before construction of the heat pump heating system of the buried pipe in the middle-deep layer.
Description
Technical Field
Relates to the field of geothermal energy, in particular to a design method and a device of a heat pump heating system of a middle-deep buried pipe.
Background
In northern areas, heating is needed in winter, and a heating system can cause noise and air pollution, so that 'electricity replaces coal' as a main way for promoting clean heating in northern areas. The heat pump heating is a leading mode of 'electricity replacing coal', the application area reaches billion square meters, the largest scale in the world is created, however, the problems that the system efficiency of the air source heat pump is low at low ambient temperature, the operation stability is poor, the starting is difficult, the heat exchange strength of the shallow buried pipe heat pump heat exchange system is low, the occupied area is large, the groundwater source heat pump system is difficult to realize 100% same-layer recharge and the like still exist.
The technology for heating by using a middle-deep-layer buried pipe heat pump is a universal, stable and sustainable efficient heating utilization mode which is proposed in recent years, and is a technology for extracting heat from a middle-deep-layer geothermal heat exchange system by using a middle-deep-layer rock-soil body (with the depth of 2000 m-3000 m) as a heat source and heating a building by using a geothermal heat pump unit. The middle-deep geothermal heat exchanger heating system mainly comprises a middle-deep geothermal heat exchange system, a geothermal heat pump system and a building indoor heating system, and referring to fig. 1, the buried pipe form of the geothermal heat exchanger usually adopts a coaxial sleeve pipe. The technology is also called non-interference geothermal heating technology and dry hot rock heating technology in the early development stage.
The concept of extracting deep geotechnical heat by using a coaxial deep hole heat exchanger is reported in literature by professor Rybach and professor Kohl in 1995 for the first time, and then countries such as europe and the united states have individual engineering attempts on the concept, but the concept is mainly used for searching hydrothermal geothermal resources, and the concept is tried to be used after a dry hole is found after drilling and completion. Most deep-hole heat exchangers are finally shut down after a short period of operation, including the experimental well of aachen industry university, 2009 pilot run, 2011 shut down. Due to the difference of technical level, use concept and construction cost, the prototype concept is not taken into consideration abroad, only individual experimental wells are used for engineering attempt, and the heat supply for buildings by combining with a special heat pump unit is not considered, so that no commercial application case exists. The method is particularly suitable for application of the technology in the field of building heat supply in consideration of national conditions (high building density, high personnel density and vigorous heat supply demand) of China. In 2012, Shanxi province engineering technology and scientific researchers explore a medium-deep buried pipe geothermal heating technology for building heating by using a coaxial sleeve type deep buried pipe heat exchanger coupled with a specially-made ground source heat pump unit, successfully complete commercial scale application, and belong to the first time in the world.
The technology is commercially applied in China, but a systematic design method is blank. Design calculation of the heat exchanger of the buried pipe in the middle-deep layer is important content of design, construction and cost calculation of the whole system, and influencing factors of the design calculation include rock-soil bodies, well cementing materials, thermophysical parameters of pipe materials of the buried pipe, temperature distribution of the rock-soil bodies, the type of the buried pipe, heat taking load, thermophysical properties and flow state of circulating media in the pipe and the like. Referring to fig. 2, the time-by-time temperature curve of the buried pipe side of a certain middle-deep buried pipe heat pump heating project in west ampere is shown, wherein the upper broken line is the condition of the side water temperature of the heat source, and the lower broken line is the condition of the side water temperature of the heat source, and as can be seen from the figure, when the system operates, the fluctuation of the side water temperature of the ground source is large (5-35 ℃), and the difference is larger than that of the traditional shallow buried pipe system. And the buried pipe of the middle-deep layer is 2000-3000 meters, the number of involved stratums is large, and the physical parameters of rock and soil mass are difficult to obtain. These all present significant difficulties in the design of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The design of the invention is originally designed in that the traditional electric coal-replacing heating mode has the problems that the air source heat pump has low system efficiency, poor operation stability and difficult starting at low ambient temperature, the heat exchange strength of the shallow-layer buried pipe heat pump heat exchange system is low, the occupied area is large, the underground water source heat pump system is difficult to realize 100 percent of same-layer recharge and the like, when the traditional middle-deep-layer buried pipe geothermal heating system operates, the water temperature fluctuation of the side inlet and the outlet of the edge of the ground is large, more strata are involved by 3000 meters of the middle-deep-layer buried pipe, the physical property parameters of the rock and soil body are difficult to obtain, and great difficulty is brought to the design of the system; therefore, the scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the design method of the heat pump heating system of the buried pipe in the middle deep layer comprises the following steps:
collecting building heating load of building envelope parameters;
acquiring rock-soil thermophysical parameters of the rock-soil thermophysical parameters;
a heat exchange step of the buried pipe in the middle and deep layers for outputting a heat exchange result according to the collected building envelope parameters and rock-soil thermophysical parameters;
a step for determining a heat pump heating system according to the output result of the heat exchange step of the buried pipe in the middle-deep layer;
the heat exchange of the buried pipe in the middle deep layer specifically comprises the following steps:
processing the building envelope parameters and the rock-soil thermophysical parameters through a heat exchange model;
the heat exchange model comprises:
the energy balance equation of the actual heat conduction of each rock soil body layer, the energy balance equation of the actual outer annular cavity fluid, the energy balance equation of the actual inner pipe fluid, the initial temperature expression equation of the initial earth temperature in the formation at an actual arbitrary depth, the boundary body condition of the outer annular cavity fluid equation and the boundary body condition of the inner pipe fluid energy equation.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
a water temperature collecting step of collecting water temperature changes of an inlet and an outlet at the ground source side;
collecting the temperature change of rock and soil mass;
judging whether the standard system, the thermal balance and the design working condition requirements are met or not according to the collected water temperature change of the side inlet and the outlet of the ground source and the temperature change of the rock-soil body;
and adjusting parameters in the system when the judgment result output by the judgment module is not satisfied.
Further, the initial temperature expression equation of the initial earth temperature in the formation at any depth is as follows:
wherein, t(z)Indicating the initial temperature, t, of the formation at any depthaRepresenting the surface temperature in deg.C, qgRepresenting the earth heat flow in W/m2，haThe heat convection coefficient of air and the earth surface is expressed in the unit of W/(m)2·K)，kjRepresenting heat transfer coefficient of rock-soil mass, HjDenotes the coordinate, k, of the bottom of the stratum of the j-th layermThe heat transfer coefficient of the rock-soil mass is expressed in the unit of W/(m)2K), z represents any depth of the rock-soil body;
further, the boundary body conditions of the external annular fluid equation are as follows:
wherein Q represents a fixed heat extraction power, and has a unit of kW, C ═ Mc represents a heat capacity flow rate of the circulating liquid, and has a unit of kJ/(s · K), C represents a specific heat capacity, and has a unit of kJ/(kg · K), and Z represents a pipe laying depth, and has a unit of m.
Further, the boundary body conditions of the inner pipe fluid energy equation are as follows:
tf1＝tf2,Z＝H，
wherein H represents the buried pipe depth; hjRepresenting the coordinates of the bottom of the jth formation.
The method can be realized by adopting computer software, therefore, based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a design device of a heat pump heating system of a middle-deep buried pipe, and the device comprises:
the building heating load module is used for acquiring building envelope parameters;
the rock-soil thermophysical parameter module is used for acquiring rock-soil thermophysical parameters;
the medium-deep buried pipe heat exchange module is used for outputting a heat exchange result according to the collected building envelope parameters and rock-soil thermophysical parameters;
a module for determining a heat pump heating system according to the output result of the heat exchange step of the buried pipe in the middle-deep layer;
the middle-deep buried pipe heat exchange module comprises:
the submodule is used for processing the building envelope parameters and the rock-soil thermophysical parameters through a heat exchange model;
the heat exchange model comprises:
the energy balance equation of the actual heat conduction of each rock soil body layer, the energy balance equation of the actual outer annular cavity fluid, the energy balance equation of the actual inner pipe fluid, the initial temperature expression equation of the initial earth temperature in the formation at an actual arbitrary depth, the boundary body condition of the outer annular cavity fluid equation and the boundary body condition of the inner pipe fluid energy equation.
Further, the device further comprises:
the water temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring water temperature changes of the inlet and the outlet at the ground source side;
the temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature change of the rock and soil mass;
the judging module is used for judging whether the requirements of a standard system, thermal balance and design working condition are met or not according to the collected water temperature change of the side inlet and the outlet of the ground source and the temperature change of the rock-soil body;
and the adjusting module is used for adjusting the parameters in the system when the judging result output by the judging module is not satisfied.
Further, the initial temperature expression equation of the initial earth temperature in the formation at any depth is as follows:
wherein, t(z)Indicating the initial temperature, t, of the formation at any depthaRepresenting the surface temperature in deg.C, qgRepresenting the earth heat flow in W/m2，haThe heat convection coefficient of air and the earth surface is expressed in the unit of W/(m)2·K)，kjRepresenting heat transfer coefficient of rock-soil mass, HjDenotes the coordinate, k, of the bottom of the stratum of the j-th layermThe heat transfer coefficient of the rock-soil mass is expressed in the unit of W/(m)2K), z represents any depth of the rock-soil body;
further, the boundary body conditions of the external annular fluid equation are as follows:
wherein Q represents a fixed heat extraction power, and has a unit of kW, C ═ Mc represents a heat capacity flow rate of the circulating liquid, and has a unit of kJ/(s · K), C represents a specific heat capacity, and has a unit of kJ/(kg · K), and Z represents a pipe laying depth, and has a unit of m.
Further, the boundary body conditions of the inner pipe fluid energy equation are as follows:
tf1＝tf2,Z＝H，
wherein H represents the buried pipe depth.
The invention has the advantages that:
aiming at the large-space long-period heat exchange process of the buried pipe in the middle-deep layer, a numerical solution model is established based on a multilayer medium heat-moisture migration mechanism, and the heat transfer characteristic of the buried pipe in the middle-deep layer is disclosed; aiming at the problems that the temperature fluctuation at the side of a middle-deep buried pipe source is large, and the physical property parameters of rock and soil bodies are difficult to determine, so that the design method is lost, the survey hole performance test data is coupled with a design calculation model, the calculation parameters of the buried pipe heat exchanger are determined, a systematic design method for mutual correction of the survey and calculation of the middle-deep buried pipe heat pump engineering based on the accumulated heat extraction in the heat supply season is constructed, the problems of uncertain calculation input parameters and operation heat extraction rate are solved, and the problem of long-term operation stability of the system is further solved.
The invention provides a foundation for the long-term operation stability of the system on the basis of realizing the design of the middle-deep buried pipe heat pump system, and provides a theoretical foundation for the engineering design and the optimized operation of the middle-deep buried pipe heat pump system; breaks through the technical bottleneck of traditional geothermal utilization, and is a great innovation of geothermal heat supply form.
The design method of the heat pump heating system of the middle-deep buried pipe provided by the invention simulates the working state of the system, takes the characteristics of coupling heat exchange of the buried pipe system and the building user end into consideration in the design stage, scientifically and reasonably solves a series of problems of calculation of rock-soil body thermophysical parameters and building dynamic load, design of the heat exchanger system of the middle-deep buried pipe, model selection of a heat pump unit and formulation of a system operation maintenance strategy, and lays a theoretical foundation for large-scale application of the heat pump system of the middle-deep buried pipe.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a geothermal heat pump heating system with a buried pipe at a middle depth according to the background art;
wherein, T0iIndicating the temperature, T, of the soil mass in different deep layers1Indicating the temperature of the ground source side inlet water, T2Indicating the temperature of the ground source side outlet water, T3Indicating the temperature, T, of the user's side inlet water4Representing a user side outlet water temperature;
FIG. 2 is a time-by-time temperature profile of a heating ground pipe side of a typical mid-depth ground pipe heat pump system as set forth in the background;
wherein, the upper broken line is the condition of the temperature of the heat source side inlet water, and the lower broken line is the condition of the temperature of the heat source side outlet water;
fig. 3 is a block diagram showing a method of designing a mid-deep buried pipe heat pump heating system according to the first embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a coaxial double pipe heat exchanger according to an eleventh embodiment;
fig. 5 is a plan view of the coaxial double pipe heat exchanger according to the eleventh embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, some embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments described below are only some specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
First embodiment, the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 3, and the present embodiment provides a method for designing a mid-deep buried pipe heat pump heating system, the method including:
collecting building heating load of building envelope parameters;
acquiring rock-soil thermophysical parameters of the rock-soil thermophysical parameters;
a heat exchange step of the buried pipe in the middle and deep layers for outputting a heat exchange result according to the collected building envelope parameters and rock-soil thermophysical parameters;
a step for determining a heat pump heating system according to the output result of the heat exchange step of the buried pipe in the middle-deep layer;
the heat exchange of the buried pipe in the middle deep layer specifically comprises the following steps:
processing the building envelope parameters and the rock-soil thermophysical parameters through a heat exchange model;
the heat exchange model comprises:
the energy balance equation of the actual heat conduction of each rock soil body layer, the energy balance equation of the actual outer annular cavity fluid, the energy balance equation of the actual inner pipe fluid, the initial temperature expression equation of the initial earth temperature in the formation at an actual arbitrary depth, the boundary body condition of the outer annular cavity fluid equation and the boundary body condition of the inner pipe fluid energy equation.
After energy balance equations of heat conduction of each layer of rock soil body, fluid of an outer annular cavity and fluid of an inner pipe are collected, discrete solution is carried out on the energy balance equation set of each layer of rock soil body, fluid of the annular cavity and fluid of the inner pipe by using an alternating direction difference method, and an underground heat exchange model of the buried pipe of the middle-deep layer is built.
Wherein, the building envelope parameter includes: outdoor weather conditions and indoor heat source conditions; the rock-soil thermophysical parameters comprise:
the rock-soil mass heat conductivity coefficient, specific heat capacity and rock-soil constant volume specific heat;
the energy balance equation of heat conduction of each layer of rock soil body is as follows:
wherein a represents the thermal diffusivity of the rock soil,
the partial differential sign is shown, r is the radius of the rock-soil mass, t is the temperature, z is any depth of the rock-soil mass, and tau is the time.
The energy balance equation of the fluid in the outer ring cavity is as follows:
wherein C represents a constant and the specific heat capacity of the circulating working medium; c1Expressing a constant and the specific heat capacity of the circulating working medium; r1Denotes the outer radius of the coaxial sleeve, R2Denotes the inner radius of the coaxial sleeve, tf1Denotes the ground source side water inlet temperature, tf2Indicating the temperature of the ground source side outlet water, tbRepresenting the average temperature of the rock-soil mass.
In a second embodiment, the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 3, and the present embodiment is further limited to the method for designing a mid-deep buried pipe heat pump heating system according to the first embodiment, the method further comprising:
a water temperature collecting step of collecting water temperature changes of an inlet and an outlet at the ground source side;
collecting the temperature change of rock and soil mass;
judging whether the standard system, the thermal balance and the design working condition requirements are met or not according to the collected water temperature change of the side inlet and the outlet of the ground source and the temperature change of the rock-soil body;
and adjusting parameters in the system when the judgment result output by the judgment module is not satisfied.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment are as follows: the steps of judgment and adjustment are added, a foundation is provided for the long-term operation stability of the system on the basis of realizing the design of the middle-deep buried pipe heat pump system, and a theoretical foundation is provided for the engineering design and the optimized operation of the middle-deep buried pipe heat pump system.
In a third embodiment, the method for designing a heating system using a heat pump for a mid-deep buried pipe according to the first embodiment is further defined, wherein the initial temperature expression equation of the initial ground temperature in the formation at any depth is as follows:
wherein, t(z)Indicating the initial temperature, t, of the formation at any depthaRepresenting the surface temperature in deg.C, qgRepresenting the earth heat flow in W/m2，haThe heat convection coefficient of air and the earth surface is expressed in the unit of W/(m)2·K)，kjRepresenting heat transfer coefficient of rock-soil mass, HjDenotes the coordinate, k, of the bottom of the stratum of the j-th layermThe heat transfer coefficient of the rock-soil mass is expressed in the unit of W/(m)2K), z represents any depth of the rock-soil body;
according to the assumption of the heat exchange model, the initial temperature distribution is considered to be uniformly distributed in the radial direction, and the temperature gradient changes along with the depth in the longitudinal direction; and the initial temperature expression equation of the initial earth temperature in the formation at any depth is as follows:
in a fourth embodiment, the present embodiment is further limited to the method for designing a heating system of a buried pipe at a middle depth provided in the first embodiment, and the boundary conditions of the external annular cavity fluid equation are as follows:
wherein Q represents fixed heat extraction power, the unit is kW, C ═ Mc represents the heat capacity flow rate of the circulating liquid, the unit is kJ/(s.K), C represents the specific heat capacity, the unit is kJ/(kg.K), Z represents the buried pipe depth, and the unit is m;
the radial boundary is set to a first type of boundary condition where the temperature profile is believed to be unaffected by the heat extraction of the borehole heat exchanger. The boundary of the earth's surface is set to a third type boundary condition, assuming an air temperature t above the earth's surfaceaAnd surface convective heat transfer coefficient haAlways kept unchanged; assuming the system has a fixed heat extraction power, the boundary body conditions of the external annulus fluid equation are:
in a fifth embodiment, the method for designing a heating system using a heat pump of a mid-deep buried pipe according to the first embodiment is further defined, wherein the boundary conditions of the inner pipe fluid energy equation are as follows:
tf1＝tf2,Z＝H，
wherein H represents the buried pipe depth; hjRepresenting the coordinates of the bottom of the jth formation.
The radial boundary is set to a first type of boundary condition where the temperature profile is believed to be unaffected by the heat extraction of the borehole heat exchanger. The boundary of the earth's surface is set to a third type boundary condition, assuming an air temperature t above the earth's surfaceaAnd surface convective heat transfer coefficient haAlways kept unchanged; assuming the system has fixed heat extraction power, the boundary body conditions of the inner tube fluid energy equation are as follows:
tf1＝tf2,Z＝H。
in a sixth aspect, the present invention provides a device for designing a heat pump heating system for a mid-deep buried pipe, the device including:
the building heating load module is used for acquiring building envelope parameters;
the rock-soil thermophysical parameter module is used for acquiring rock-soil thermophysical parameters;
the medium-deep buried pipe heat exchange module is used for outputting a heat exchange result according to the collected building envelope parameters and rock-soil thermophysical parameters;
a module for determining a heat pump heating system according to the output result of the heat exchange step of the buried pipe in the middle-deep layer;
the middle-deep buried pipe heat exchange module comprises:
the submodule is used for processing the building envelope parameters and the rock-soil thermophysical parameters through a heat exchange model;
the heat exchange model comprises:
the energy balance equation of the actual heat conduction of each rock soil body layer, the energy balance equation of the actual outer annular cavity fluid, the energy balance equation of the actual inner pipe fluid, the initial temperature expression equation of the initial earth temperature in the formation at an actual arbitrary depth, the boundary body condition of the outer annular cavity fluid equation and the boundary body condition of the inner pipe fluid energy equation.
After energy balance equations of heat conduction of each layer of rock soil body, fluid of an outer annular cavity and fluid of an inner pipe are collected, discrete solution is carried out on the energy balance equation set of each layer of rock soil body, fluid of the annular cavity and fluid of the inner pipe by using an alternating direction difference method, and an underground heat exchange model of the buried pipe of the middle-deep layer is built.
Wherein, the building envelope parameter includes: outdoor weather conditions and indoor heat source conditions; the rock-soil thermophysical parameters comprise:
the rock-soil mass heat conductivity coefficient, specific heat capacity and rock-soil constant volume specific heat;
the energy balance equation of heat conduction of each layer of rock soil body is as follows:
wherein a represents heat diffusionThe ratio of the total weight of the particles,
the partial differential sign is shown, r is the radius of the rock-soil mass, t is the temperature, z is any depth of the rock-soil mass, and tau is the time.
The energy balance equation of the fluid in the outer ring cavity is as follows:
wherein C represents a constant and the specific heat capacity of the circulating working medium; c1Expressing a constant and the specific heat capacity of the circulating working medium; r1Denotes the outer radius of the coaxial sleeve, R2Denotes the inner radius of the coaxial sleeve, tf1Denotes the ground source side water inlet temperature, tf2Indicating the temperature of the ground source side outlet water, tbRepresenting the average temperature of the rock-soil mass.
A seventh aspect of the present invention is directed to the sixth aspect, wherein the apparatus for designing a mid-deep buried pipe heat pump heating system further includes:
the water temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring water temperature changes of the inlet and the outlet at the ground source side;
the temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature change of the rock and soil mass;
the judging module is used for judging whether the requirements of a standard system, thermal balance and design working condition are met or not according to the collected water temperature change of the side inlet and the outlet of the ground source and the temperature change of the rock-soil body;
and the adjusting module is used for adjusting the parameters in the system when the judging result output by the judging module is not satisfied.
In an eighth embodiment, in a further limited manner of the device for designing a heating system by a heat pump for a mid-deep buried pipe according to the sixth embodiment, the initial temperature expression equation of the initial ground temperature in the formation at any depth is:
wherein, t(z)Indicating the initial temperature, t, of the formation at any depthaRepresenting the surface temperature in deg.C, qgRepresenting the earth heat flow in W/m2，haThe heat convection coefficient of air and the earth surface is expressed in the unit of W/(m)2·K)，kjRepresenting heat transfer coefficient of rock-soil mass, HjDenotes the coordinate, k, of the bottom of the stratum of the j-th layermThe heat transfer coefficient of the rock-soil mass is expressed in the unit of W/(m)2K), z represents any depth of the rock-soil body;
according to the assumption of the heat exchange model, the initial temperature distribution is considered to be uniformly distributed in the radial direction, and the temperature gradient changes along with the depth in the longitudinal direction; and the initial temperature expression equation of the initial earth temperature in the formation at any depth is as follows:
in a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the apparatus for designing a heating system for a buried pipe at a mid-deep level as defined in the sixth aspect, wherein the boundary conditions of the external loop fluid equation are as follows:
wherein Q represents a fixed heat extraction power, and has a unit of kW, C ═ Mc represents a heat capacity flow rate of the circulating liquid, and has a unit of kJ/(s · K), C represents a specific heat capacity, and has a unit of kJ/(kg · K), and Z represents a pipe laying depth, and has a unit of m.
The radial boundary is set to a first type of boundary condition where the temperature profile is believed to be unaffected by the heat extraction of the borehole heat exchanger. The boundary of the earth's surface is set to a third type boundary condition, assuming an air temperature t above the earth's surfaceaAnd surface convective heat transfer coefficient haAlways kept unchanged; assuming the system has a fixed heat extraction power, the boundary body conditions of the external annulus fluid equation are:
in a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the medium-deep-buried-pipe heat pump heating system designing apparatus according to the sixth aspect, wherein the boundary conditions of the inner-pipe fluid energy equation are as follows:
tf1＝tf2,Z＝H，
wherein H represents the buried pipe depth.
The radial boundary is set to a first type of boundary condition where the temperature profile is believed to be unaffected by the heat extraction of the borehole heat exchanger. The boundary of the earth's surface is set to a third type boundary condition, assuming an air temperature t above the earth's surfaceaAnd surface convective heat transfer coefficient haAlways kept unchanged; assuming the system has fixed heat extraction power, the boundary body conditions of the inner tube fluid energy equation are as follows:
tf1＝tf2,Z＝H。
in the eleventh embodiment, the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 3 to 5, and is a further explanation of the design method of the heat pump heating system with a buried pipe at a middle and deep depth provided by the present invention, wherein the parts implemented by using the prior art are directly denoted by terms in the field, and the principle and process are not described herein again;
specifically, the root of the systematic design of the deep buried heat pump lies in the characteristic of system coupling heat exchange, and the specific design comprises the following steps: building envelope parameters (also called building dynamic load), rock-soil thermophysical parameters, system design of a ground heat exchanger and design of a heat pump heating system, and a link organically combining the 4 parts is computer aided design software, such as: MacLab.
In the coupling heat exchange process of the heat pump system of the middle-deep buried pipe, the rock-soil thermophysical parameters are the basis of the design of the heat exchange system of the buried pipe, and the building envelope parameters are the basis of the design of the heat pump system of the middle-deep buried pipe. The rock-soil thermophysical property parameters represent inherent physical properties of the rock-soil, including thermal conductivity coefficient, specific heat capacity and the like of the rock-soil, and are only related to composition components of rock-soil bodies, so that the rock-soil thermophysical property parameters can be obtained by combining a thermal response experiment of field engineering with simulation calculation fitting. The building dynamic load is the attribute of the building, after the building scheme and the use rule are determined, the distribution of the building dynamic load is relatively fixed, and the specific numerical value can be obtained through calculation.
After determining the rock-soil thermophysical parameters and the building dynamic load, further converting the building annual dynamic thermal load into the buried pipe annual dynamic heat extraction quantity, inputting the heat extraction quantity into the buried pipe heat exchanger coupling calculation module, and obtaining the supply water temperature and return water temperature dynamic distribution under the design scheme of the buried pipe heat exchanger under the computer aided design. The capacity of the heat pump host can also be determined according to the worst working condition obtained by calculation, namely according to the building heat supply corresponding to the lowest point of the water temperature on the side of the underground pipe in winter.
The systematic design method restores the working state of the heat pump heating system of the buried pipe of the middle-deep geothermal energy, considers the characteristic of coupling heat exchange between the buried pipe system and the building user end in the design stage, also provides the calculated values of the water inlet temperature and the water outlet temperature of the buried pipe system and the average temperature of the soil in the operation maintenance stage after the system is built, and can make the operation maintenance strategy of the system by contrasting the corresponding operation monitoring values. In addition, the design method can also solve a series of problems of calculation of rock-soil thermophysical parameters, calculation of building dynamic load, design of a middle-deep layer buried pipe heat exchanger system, model selection of a heat pump heating system and formulation of operation maintenance strategies of a ground source heat pump system, and realizes systematic heat pump design.
The heat taking system of the heat exchange hole of the middle-deep buried pipe is a closed circulation system, a circulation working medium flows from top to bottom along the annular outer cavity of the coaxial sleeve pipe type heat exchanger and exchanges heat with high-temperature soil around the geothermal well through the outer wall of the sleeve pipe, wherein the side sectional view and the top view of the coaxial sleeve pipe type heat exchanger are shown in the attached drawings 4 and 5, the heat of the high-temperature soil is absorbed, the circulation working medium flows from bottom to top through the columnar inner cavity after reaching the bottom of the coaxial sleeve pipe type heat exchanger, enters the evaporator of the middle-deep geothermal heat pump unit along a circulation loop and releases the heat, the temperature is reduced and then enters the geothermal well, and the circulation is repeated.
Claims (10)
1. The design method of the heat pump heating system of the buried pipe in the middle deep layer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting building heating load of building envelope parameters;
acquiring rock-soil thermophysical parameters of the rock-soil thermophysical parameters;
a heat exchange step of the buried pipe in the middle and deep layers for outputting a heat exchange result according to the collected building envelope parameters and rock-soil thermophysical parameters;
a step for determining a heat pump heating system according to the output result of the heat exchange step of the buried pipe in the middle-deep layer;
the heat exchange of the buried pipe in the middle deep layer specifically comprises the following steps:
processing the building envelope parameters and the rock-soil thermophysical parameters through a heat exchange model;
the heat exchange model comprises:
the energy balance equation of the actual heat conduction of each rock soil body layer, the energy balance equation of the actual outer annular cavity fluid, the energy balance equation of the actual inner pipe fluid, the initial temperature expression equation of the initial earth temperature in the formation at an actual arbitrary depth, the boundary body condition of the outer annular cavity fluid equation and the boundary body condition of the inner pipe fluid energy equation.
2. A method of designing a mid-deep buried heat pump heating system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a water temperature collecting step of collecting water temperature changes of an inlet and an outlet at the ground source side;
collecting the temperature change of rock and soil mass;
judging whether the standard system, the thermal balance and the design working condition requirements are met or not according to the collected water temperature change of the side inlet and the outlet of the ground source and the temperature change of the rock-soil body;
and adjusting parameters in the system when the judgment result output by the judgment module is not satisfied.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the initial temperature expression equation of the initial ground temperature in the formation at any depth is:
wherein, t(z)Indicating the initial temperature, t, of the formation at any depthaRepresenting the surface temperature in deg.C, qgRepresenting the earth heat flow in W/m2，haThe heat convection coefficient of air and the earth surface is expressed in the unit of W/(m)2·K)，kjRepresenting heat transfer coefficient of rock-soil mass, HjDenotes the coordinate, k, of the bottom of the stratum of the j-th layermThe heat transfer coefficient of the rock-soil mass is expressed in the unit of W/(m)2K), z represents any depth of the rock-soil body.
4. A method of designing a mid-deep buried heat pump heating system according to claim 1, wherein the boundary body conditions of the external annular fluid equation are:
wherein Q represents a fixed heat extraction power, and has a unit of kW, C ═ Mc represents a heat capacity flow rate of the circulating liquid, and has a unit of kJ/(s · K), C represents a specific heat capacity, and has a unit of kJ/(kg · K), and Z represents a pipe laying depth, and has a unit of m.
5. A method of designing a mid-deep buried heat pump heating system according to claim 1, wherein the boundary conditions of the inner pipe fluid energy equation are:
tf1＝tf2,Z＝H，
wherein H represents the buried pipe depth.
6. The design device of the heat pump heating system of the buried pipe in the middle deep layer is characterized by comprising the following components:
the building heating load module is used for acquiring building envelope parameters;
the rock-soil thermophysical parameter module is used for acquiring rock-soil thermophysical parameters;
the medium-deep buried pipe heat exchange module is used for outputting a heat exchange result according to the collected building envelope parameters and rock-soil thermophysical parameters;
a module for determining a heat pump heating system according to the output result of the heat exchange step of the buried pipe in the middle-deep layer;
the middle-deep buried pipe heat exchange module comprises:
the submodule is used for processing the building envelope parameters and the rock-soil thermophysical parameters through a heat exchange model;
the heat exchange model comprises:
the energy balance equation of the actual heat conduction of each rock soil body layer, the energy balance equation of the actual outer annular cavity fluid, the energy balance equation of the actual inner pipe fluid, the initial temperature expression equation of the initial earth temperature in the formation at an actual arbitrary depth, the boundary body condition of the outer annular cavity fluid equation and the boundary body condition of the inner pipe fluid energy equation.
7. A deep buried heat pump heating system design installation according to claim 6, further comprising:
the water temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring water temperature changes of the inlet and the outlet at the ground source side;
the temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature change of the rock and soil mass;
the judging module is used for judging whether the requirements of a standard system, thermal balance and design working condition are met or not according to the collected water temperature change of the side inlet and the outlet of the ground source and the temperature change of the rock-soil body;
and the adjusting module is used for adjusting the parameters in the system when the judging result output by the judging module is not satisfied.
8. The design device of a heating system of a mid-deep buried pipe heat pump according to claim 6, wherein the initial temperature expression equation of the initial ground temperature in the formation at any depth is:
wherein, t(z)Indicating the initial temperature, t, of the formation at any depthaRepresenting the surface temperature in deg.C, qgRepresenting the earth heat flow in W/m2，haThe heat convection coefficient of air and the earth surface is expressed in the unit of W/(m)2·K)，kjRepresenting heat transfer coefficient of rock-soil mass, HjDenotes the coordinate, k, of the bottom of the stratum of the j-th layermThe heat transfer coefficient of the rock-soil mass is expressed in the unit of W/(m)2K), z represents any depth of the rock-soil body.
9. A deep buried heat pump heating system design according to claim 6 wherein the boundary body conditions of the external loop fluid equation are:
wherein Q represents a fixed heat extraction power, and has a unit of kW, C ═ Mc represents a heat capacity flow rate of the circulating liquid, and has a unit of kJ/(s · K), C represents a specific heat capacity, and has a unit of kJ/(kg · K), and Z represents a pipe laying depth, and has a unit of m.
10. A design device for a mid-deep buried heat pump heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that the boundary conditions of the inner pipe fluid energy equation are:
tf1＝tf2,Z＝H，
wherein H represents the buried pipe depth.
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