CN113673016A - Method and device for determining optimal pile length of energy pile - Google Patents
Method and device for determining optimal pile length of energy pile Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile, wherein the method comprises the following steps: carrying out test simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles; determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump units corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the underground heat exchange capacity; constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data, and performing multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization on the pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions to determine the optimal energy pile length which meets the constraint conditions; the method and the device can accurately determine the optimal pile length of the energy pile on the premise of ensuring small investment and low energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of data processing, in particular to a method and a device for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile.
Background
When a building is constructed, a novel ground heat exchanger which directly buries a ground pipe of a ground source heat pump in a concrete pile foundation of the building is called an energy pile. The energy pile can fully utilize the underground area, and the drilling amount of the traditional ground source heat pump is reduced to a great extent, so the initial investment can be greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the installation of the energy piles and the construction of the building pile foundation are carried out in a coordinated mode, and the problems that the traditional buried pipe is long in construction period, environment is damaged and the like are solved. Compared with the backfill material of the traditional drilling buried pipe, the backfill material of the pile foundation buried pipe is concrete. The buried pipe, the pile foundation and the soil are in close contact with each other, the contact thermal resistance is small, and the heat transfer between the circulating liquid and the soil body is enhanced. The distance between the pile foundations is great, and compared with the traditional drilling buried pipe, the heat exchange performance is more stable, and the occurrence of thermal interference between the buried pipe and a pipe group can be effectively reduced.
The energy pile buried pipe commonly used in the current engineering is in a single U shape, a parallel double U shape, a W shape and a spiral shape. The single U-shaped buried pipe is simplest in manufacturing and connection and is not easy to leak, so that the practical application is wide.
The inventors found that current research on energy piles focuses on the heat-force coupling characteristics of energy piles and the heat exchange performance influencing factors of energy piles. The influence factors of the heat exchange performance of the energy pile mainly include soil physical properties, flow velocity in the pipe, physical properties of backfill materials, pile length, pile diameter, pile spacing and the like. The commonly used methods mainly comprise three methods of theoretical calculation of a heat transfer model, numerical simulation and experimental research. Although the three methods can describe physical phenomena more truly and finely, the theoretical calculation theory is too strong, the numerical simulation modeling and the grid division are complex, the experimental setup is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the like, but the three methods are still difficult to be applied to the design and optimization of the energy pile scheme of the actual engineering at the present stage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the application provides a method and a device for determining the optimal pile length of an energy pile, which can accurately determine the optimal pile length of the energy pile on the premise of ensuring small investment and low energy consumption.
In order to solve at least one of the above problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile, including:
carrying out test simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles;
determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump units corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the underground heat exchange capacity;
and constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data, and performing multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization on the pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions to determine the optimal energy pile length meeting the constraint conditions.
Further, the step of performing test simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model to determine a corresponding relationship between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile comprises the following steps:
constructing a three-dimensional building model according to the parameters of a building envelope of a target building, internal disturbance load parameters, a schedule and indoor environment design parameters, and constructing an energy pile system model according to the flow velocity in a pipe, the distance between energy piles, the diameter of the pile, the pipe diameter, and the physical parameters of a pile foundation material and a soil material;
and performing test simulation according to a plurality of different energy pile lengths divided according to a set simulation step length, the three-dimensional building model and the energy pile system model, and fitting the test simulation result to obtain the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
Further, the determining the heat pump unit cold load amount corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relationship between the energy pile outlet water temperature and the energy pile length and the corresponding relationship between the energy pile outlet water temperature and the underground heat exchange amount includes:
determining the inlet temperature of fluid in the corresponding pipe and the refrigeration coefficient of a heat pump unit according to the corresponding relation between the underground heat exchange quantity and the outlet temperature of the energy pile;
and determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the inlet water temperature of the fluid in the pipe, the refrigeration coefficient of the heat pump unit and the corresponding relation between the outlet water temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
Further, the method for constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data comprises the following steps:
constructing a lower-layer optimization model for the objective function according to the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period;
constructing a multi-objective optimization upper layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount, the equipment manufacturing cost data, the equipment capacity data and the energy pile length corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths;
and constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the lower-layer optimization model and the multi-objective optimization upper-layer optimization model.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an energy pile optimal length determination apparatus, including:
the simulation test module is used for carrying out test simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles;
the parameter calculation module is used for determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump units corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the underground heat exchange capacity;
and the double-layer optimization module is used for constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data, performing multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization on the pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions, and determining the optimal energy pile length meeting the constraint conditions.
Further, the simulation test module comprises:
the model building unit is used for building a three-dimensional building model according to the envelope parameters, the internal disturbance load parameters, the timetable and the indoor environment design parameters of a target building and building an energy pile system model according to the in-pipe flow velocity, the energy pile spacing, the pile diameter, the pipe diameter and the physical parameters of a pile foundation material and a soil material;
and the test simulation unit is used for carrying out test simulation according to a plurality of different energy pile lengths divided according to a set simulation step length, the three-dimensional building model and the energy pile system model, and fitting the test simulation result to obtain the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
Further, the parameter calculation module includes:
the underground heat exchange quantity analysis unit is used for determining the corresponding inlet temperature of the fluid in the pipe and the refrigeration coefficient of the heat pump unit according to the corresponding relation between the underground heat exchange quantity and the outlet temperature of the energy pile;
and the cold load quantity calculation unit is used for determining the cold load quantity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the inlet water temperature of the fluid in the pipe, the refrigeration coefficient of the heat pump unit and the corresponding relation between the outlet water temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles.
Further, the two-tier optimization module comprises:
the lower-layer optimization model building unit is used for building a lower-layer optimization model for the objective function according to the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period;
the upper-layer optimization model building unit is used for building a multi-objective optimization upper-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount, the equipment manufacturing cost data, the equipment capacity data and the energy pile length corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths;
and the double-layer optimization model building unit is used for building a double-layer optimization model according to the lower-layer optimization model and the multi-objective optimization upper-layer optimization model.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the energy pile optimal pile length determination method when executing the program.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for determining an optimal pile length for an energy pile.
According to the technical scheme, the optimal pile length of the energy pile considering economic cost and energy conservation and environmental protection is determined quickly and efficiently through simulation optimization, the determined pile length of the energy pile can furthest exert the heat exchange advantage of the buried pipe on the premise of ensuring the requirement that the initial investment is as small as possible, so that the supply of an external supplementary cold source is reduced, the soil heat energy is fully utilized, the electric energy consumption is reduced, and the energy conservation, emission reduction and sustainable development of engineering project construction are facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is one of the flow diagrams of the method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a second flowchart of the method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a third schematic flow chart of a method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a fourth flowchart of the method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is one of the structural diagrams of the energy pile optimum pile length determination apparatus in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a second configuration diagram of the optimal pile length determination device for an energy pile according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a third block diagram of an energy pile optimal pile length determination device in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a fourth configuration diagram of the optimal pile length determination device for an energy pile according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional architectural model in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an energy pile length optimization according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Considering that the research on the energy piles in the prior art focuses on the heat-force coupling characteristics of the energy piles and the heat exchange performance influencing factor research of the energy piles. The influence factors of the heat exchange performance of the energy pile mainly include soil physical properties, flow velocity in the pipe, physical properties of backfill materials, pile length, pile diameter, pile spacing and the like. The commonly used methods mainly comprise three methods of theoretical calculation of a heat transfer model, numerical simulation and experimental research. Although the three methods can describe physical phenomena more truly and finely, the theoretical calculation theory is too strong, the numerical simulation modeling and grid division are complex, the experimental setup is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the like, but the method is still difficult to be applied to the problem of energy pile scheme design and optimization of practical engineering in the current stage.
In order to accurately determine the optimal pile length of an energy pile on the premise of ensuring small investment and low energy consumption, the application provides an embodiment of a method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile, and referring to fig. 1, the method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile specifically includes the following contents:
step S101: and carrying out test simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles.
Optionally, the application may use the trssys software to establish an energy pile system model, and determine the main calculation parameters of the model, such as the flow rate in the pipe, the distance between energy piles, the diameter of the pile, the pipe diameter, the physical parameters of the pile foundation material and the soil material, according to the actual conditions of the case building.
Optionally, the method can be used for establishing a three-dimensional building model in the design builder, setting building envelope parameters, internal disturbance load parameters, a timetable, indoor environment design parameters and the like, and simulating the hourly cold and heat loads of the building all the year round.
Optionally, the pile length range can be 20 m-50 m, 5m is a simulation step length, the single simulation time length is 50 hours, and when the water temperature change at the outlet is less than 0.05 ℃/h, the system is considered to be stable in operation. Under 7 different pile length values, the TRNSYS is utilized to sequentially simulate and record the water outlet temperature value of the energy pile, and a mathematical function corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature value of the energy pile and the pile length is fitted.
Step S102: and determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump units corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the underground heat exchange capacity.
Specifically, in summer, the underground heat exchange amount of the buried pipe can be calculated by formula 1:
wherein,
q-underground heat exchange quantity of the buried pipe, kW;
QHPthe cooling load borne by the heat pump unit is kW;
COP is the coefficient of refrigeration of the heat pump unit;
c-the specific heat capacity of the fluid in the pipe, generally water, is taken as 4.19 kJ/(kg. DEG C);
m is the mass of the fluid in the pipe, kg/s;
tin-the temperature of the fluid entering the pipe is at ° c;
toutthe temperature of the outlet water of the fluid in the pipe is lower than the temperature of the outlet water.
Therefore, the amount of cooling load borne by the heat pump unit is calculated by equation 2:
step S103: and constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data, and performing multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization on the pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions to determine the optimal energy pile length meeting the constraint conditions.
Optionally, a double-layer optimization model may be further constructed, where the double-layer optimization model may specifically include a first objective function that the initial investment of a cold source system including an energy pile and a supplementary conventional cold machine is the minimum, and a second objective function that the energy consumption of the cold source system in the operation period is the minimum.
Optionally, the double-layer optimization model may use the energy pile length and the supplementary cold source capacity as optimization variables.
Specifically, a double-layer optimization model is written in matlab, and the lower-layer optimization is the operation simulation of a cold source system. In order to reduce the calculation time and burden, the invention only simulates the operation condition of a typical operation day in summer. The objective function of the lower layer optimization is that the energy consumption of the internal cooling source system is minimum during the operation period, and the optimization is carried out by using an internal point method.
The upper layer optimization is multi-objective optimization, the minimum initial investment of a cold source system including an energy pile and a supplementary conventional cold machine is taken as an objective function I, and the minimum energy consumption of the cold source system in the lower layer objective function, namely the running period, is taken as an objective function II. And optimizing by using an NSGA-II multi-target genetic algorithm. The optimization variables must satisfy cold balance constraints and variable range constraints.
Specifically, the TOPSIS multi-target decision method can be utilized, positive and negative ideal solutions are determined firstly, and the highest initial investment and the highest energy consumption are taken as positive ideal solutions; otherwise, the solution is a negative ideal solution. And sorting according to the approach distances of all the optimized solutions and the negative ideal solutions on the Pareto front edge, and taking the solution with the minimum approach distance to the negative ideal solution as a final optimal scheme.
From the above description, the method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile provided by the embodiment of the application can rapidly and efficiently determine the optimal pile length of the energy pile considering economic cost and energy conservation and environmental protection through simulation optimization, and the determined pile length of the energy pile can furthest exert the heat exchange advantage of the buried pipe on the premise of ensuring that the initial investment is as small as possible, so that the supply of an external supplementary cold source is reduced, the soil heat energy is fully utilized, the electric energy consumption is reduced, and the method is beneficial to energy conservation, emission reduction and sustainable development of engineering project construction.
In order to accurately determine the corresponding relationship between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile, in an embodiment of the method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile according to the present application, referring to fig. 2, the step S101 may further include the following steps:
step S201: and constructing a three-dimensional building model according to the parameters of the building envelope of the target building, the internal disturbance load parameters, the timetable and the indoor environment design parameters, and constructing an energy pile system model according to the flow velocity in the pipe, the distance between the energy piles, the diameter of the pile, the pipe diameter, and the physical parameters of the pile foundation material and the soil material.
Step S202: and performing test simulation according to a plurality of different energy pile lengths divided according to a set simulation step length, the three-dimensional building model and the energy pile system model, and fitting the test simulation result to obtain the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
Optionally, the application may use the trssys software to establish an energy pile system model, and determine the main calculation parameters of the model, such as the flow rate in the pipe, the distance between energy piles, the diameter of the pile, the pipe diameter, the physical parameters of the pile foundation material and the soil material, according to the actual conditions of the case building.
Optionally, the method can be used for establishing a three-dimensional building model in the design builder, setting building envelope parameters, internal disturbance load parameters, a timetable, indoor environment design parameters and the like, and simulating the hourly cold and heat loads of the building all the year round.
Optionally, the pile length range can be 20 m-50 m, 5m is a simulation step length, the single simulation time length is 50 hours, and when the water temperature change at the outlet is less than 0.05 ℃/h, the system is considered to be stable in operation. Under 7 different pile length values, the TRNSYS is utilized to sequentially simulate and record the water outlet temperature value of the energy pile, and a mathematical function corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature value of the energy pile and the pile length is fitted.
In order to accurately determine the heat pump unit cold load amounts corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, in an embodiment of the method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile according to the present application, referring to fig. 3, the step S102 may further include the following steps:
step S301: and determining the inlet temperature of the fluid in the pipe and the refrigeration coefficient of the heat pump unit according to the corresponding relation between the underground heat exchange quantity and the outlet temperature of the energy pile.
Step S302: and determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the inlet water temperature of the fluid in the pipe, the refrigeration coefficient of the heat pump unit and the corresponding relation between the outlet water temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
Specifically, in summer, the underground heat exchange amount of the buried pipe can be calculated by formula 1:
wherein:
q-underground heat exchange quantity of the buried pipe, kW;
QHPthe cooling load borne by the heat pump unit is kW;
COP is the coefficient of refrigeration of the heat pump unit;
c-the specific heat capacity of the fluid in the pipe, generally water, is taken as 4.19 kJ/(kg. DEG C);
m is the mass of the fluid in the pipe, kg/s;
tin-the temperature of the fluid entering the pipe is at ° c;
toutthe temperature of the outlet water of the fluid in the pipe is lower than the temperature of the outlet water.
Therefore, the amount of cooling load borne by the heat pump unit is calculated by equation 2:
in order to accurately construct the double-layer optimization model, in an embodiment of the method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile according to the present application, referring to fig. 4, the step S103 may further include the following steps:
step S401: and constructing a lower-layer optimization model for the objective function according to the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period.
Step S402: and constructing a multi-objective optimization upper layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount, the equipment cost data, the equipment capacity data and the energy pile length corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths.
Step S403: and constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the lower-layer optimization model and the multi-objective optimization upper-layer optimization model.
Specifically, the double-layer optimization model can be written in matlab, and the lower-layer optimization is the operation simulation of the cold source system. In order to reduce the calculation time and the calculation load, the method only simulates the operation condition of a typical operation day in summer, and takes the maximum cold load occurrence day as the optimized operation day.
The objective function of the lower layer optimization is that the energy consumption of the internal cooling source system is minimum during the operation period, and the optimization is carried out by using an internal point method.
The upper layer optimization is multi-objective optimization, the minimum initial investment of a cold source system including an energy pile and a supplementary conventional cold machine is taken as an objective function I, and the minimum energy consumption of the cold source system in the lower layer objective function, namely the running period, is taken as an objective function II.
The objective function is as shown in equation 3:
F1＝min(cHP×CHP+cEC×CEC)
3)
wherein:
cHPthe cost of the ground source heat pump of unit capacity is yuan/kW;
cEC-the cost of a water chilling unit of unit capacity, yuan/kW;
l is the pile length of the energy pile;
CHP-ground source heat pump capacity, kW;
CEC-chiller capacity, kW.
The objective function two is shown in equation 4:
and optimizing by using an NSGA-II multi-target genetic algorithm. The optimization variables are the pile length of the energy pile and the capacity of the water chilling unit. The optimization variables need to satisfy cold balance constraints and variable range constraints, and the constraint conditions are shown in formulas 5 to 7.
L∈[20,50]
5)
CEC∈[50,300]
6)
Qcool＝QHP+QEC
7)
Wherein Q iscoolSummer indoor design cooling load, kW.
The Pareto front obtained after optimization is shown in fig. 11.
In order to accurately determine the optimal pile length of an energy pile on the premise of ensuring low investment and low energy consumption, the application provides an embodiment of an optimal pile length determining device for an energy pile, which is used for implementing all or part of the optimal pile length determining method for the energy pile, and referring to fig. 5, the optimal pile length determining device for the energy pile specifically includes the following contents:
the simulation test module 10 is configured to perform test simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determine a corresponding relationship between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
And the parameter calculation module 20 is configured to determine the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relationship between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile and the corresponding relationship between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the underground heat exchange capacity.
And the double-layer optimization module 30 is used for constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data, performing multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization on the pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions, and determining the optimal energy pile length meeting the constraint conditions.
From the above description, the device for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile provided by the embodiment of the application can quickly and efficiently determine the optimal pile length of the energy pile considering economic cost and energy conservation and environmental protection through simulation optimization, and the determined pile length of the energy pile can furthest exert the heat exchange advantage of the buried pipe on the premise of ensuring that the initial investment is as small as possible, so that the supply of an external supplementary cold source is reduced, the soil heat energy is fully utilized, the electric energy consumption is reduced, and the device is beneficial to energy conservation, emission reduction and sustainable development of engineering project construction.
In order to accurately determine the corresponding relationship between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile, in an embodiment of the apparatus for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile of the present application, referring to fig. 6, the simulation test module 10 includes:
and the model construction unit 11 is used for constructing a three-dimensional building model according to the envelope parameters, the internal disturbance load parameters, the timetable and the indoor environment design parameters of the target building, and constructing an energy pile system model according to the in-pipe flow velocity, the energy pile spacing, the pile diameter, the pipe diameter, the physical parameters of a pile foundation material and a soil material.
And the test simulation unit 12 is used for performing test simulation according to a plurality of different energy pile lengths divided according to a set simulation step length, the three-dimensional building model and the energy pile system model, and fitting the test simulation result to obtain the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
In order to accurately determine the heat pump unit cold load amounts corresponding to energy piles with different pile lengths, in an embodiment of the energy pile optimal pile length determining apparatus of the present application, referring to fig. 7, the parameter calculating module 20 includes:
and the underground heat exchange quantity analysis unit 21 is used for determining the corresponding inlet water temperature of the fluid in the pipe and the refrigeration coefficient of the heat pump unit according to the corresponding relation between the underground heat exchange quantity and the outlet water temperature of the energy pile.
And the cold load quantity calculation unit 22 is used for determining the cold load quantity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the inlet water temperature of the fluid in the pipe, the refrigeration coefficient of the heat pump unit and the corresponding relation between the outlet water temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles.
In order to accurately construct a double-layer optimization model, in an embodiment of the energy pile optimal pile length determining apparatus of the present application, referring to fig. 8, the double-layer optimization module 30 includes:
and the lower optimization model building unit 31 is configured to build a lower optimization model for the objective function according to the energy consumption data of the cold source system during the operation period.
And the upper-layer optimization model building unit 32 is used for building a multi-objective optimization upper-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount, the equipment cost data, the equipment capacity data and the energy pile length corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths.
And the double-layer optimization model building unit 33 is used for building a double-layer optimization model according to the lower-layer optimization model and the multi-objective optimization upper-layer optimization model.
In order to further explain the present solution, the present application further provides a specific application example of the method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile by using the apparatus for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile, which specifically includes the following contents:
take a small auditorium in a city as an example. A city is located in a typical hot summer and cold winter area. The auditorium has two layers, and the building area is about 4122 square meters. The total number of the cast-in-place piles is 101, and about 70 pile foundation buried pipes can be utilized by the ground source heat pump. And modeling and simulating the hourly cooling load of the building by using the design builder according to project data. The construction model is shown in fig. 9.
The maximum cooling load of the building in summer is 352.2kW, the pile foundation buried pipes are fully utilized to provide cooling capacity for auditorium summer in the whole project plan, and insufficient cooling capacity is supplemented by a water chilling unit. The energy pile adopts a single U-shaped buried pipe, the distance between pile foundations is 5m, and the diameter of the pile is 0.5 m. The inner diameter of the U-shaped pipe is 20mm, the outer diameter of the U-shaped pipe is 25mm, and the distance between the two pipes of the U-shaped pipe is 0.3 m. The flow velocity in the tube was 0.4m/s and the inlet feed temperature was 35 ℃. The soil temperature was 20 ℃. The refrigerating coefficient of the heat pump unit in the project is 6.96, and the refrigerating coefficient of the conventional refrigerator is 5.79. The cost of the ground source heat pump system including the energy pile is 2000 yuan/kW, and the cost of the water chilling unit with unit capacity is 800 yuan/kW.
The material physical properties of the energy stake are shown in table 1:
table 1 energy stake related Material Property parameters
And (5) obtaining stable water outlet temperature values corresponding to different pile lengths by using TRNSYS simulation, as shown in figure 10.
Temperature t of water outletoutThe fitting relation between the length L of the pile and the pile length is tout＝0.0007L2-0.1733L+34.875。
In summer, the underground heat exchange amount of the buried pipe can be calculated by formula 1:
wherein:
q-underground heat exchange quantity of the buried pipe, kW;
QHPthe cooling load borne by the heat pump unit is kW;
COP is the coefficient of refrigeration of the heat pump unit;
c-the specific heat capacity of the fluid in the pipe, generally water, is taken as 4.19 kJ/(kg. DEG C);
m is the mass of the fluid in the pipe, kg/s;
tin-the temperature of the fluid entering the pipe is at ° c;
tout——the temperature of the outlet water of the fluid in the pipe is in DEG C.
Therefore, the amount of cooling load borne by the heat pump unit is calculated by equation 2:
a double-layer optimization model is compiled in matlab, and the lower-layer optimization is the operation simulation of a cold source system. In order to reduce the calculation time and the calculation load, the embodiment only simulates the operation condition of a typical operation day in summer, and the day of occurrence of the maximum cooling load is taken as the optimized operation day.
The objective function of the lower layer optimization is that the energy consumption of the internal cooling source system is minimum during the operation period, and the optimization is carried out by using an internal point method.
The upper layer optimization is multi-objective optimization, the minimum initial investment of a cold source system including an energy pile and a supplementary conventional cold machine is taken as an objective function I, and the minimum energy consumption of the cold source system in the lower layer objective function, namely the running period, is taken as an objective function II.
The objective function is as shown in equation 3:
F1＝min(cHP×CHP+cEC×CEC)
3)
wherein:
cHPthe cost of the ground source heat pump of unit capacity is yuan/kW;
cEC-the cost of a water chilling unit of unit capacity, yuan/kW;
l is the pile length of the energy pile;
CHP-ground source heat pump capacity, kW;
CEC-chiller capacity, kW.
The objective function two is shown in equation 4:
and optimizing by using an NSGA-II multi-target genetic algorithm. The optimization variables are the pile length of the energy pile and the capacity of the water chilling unit. The optimization variables need to satisfy cold balance constraints and variable range constraints, and the constraint conditions are shown as formulas 5 to 7:
L∈[20,50]
5)
CEC∈[50,300]
6)
Qcool＝QHP+QEC
7)
wherein: qcoolSummer indoor design cooling load, kW.
The Pareto leading edge obtained through optimization is shown in fig. 11, and the optimal scheme on the Pareto leading edge obtained through calculation by using a TOPSIS decision method is that the pile length is 48.5m, and the capacity of the supplementary cooling machine is 145.1 kW. At the moment, the corresponding cold source system cost is 59.1 ten thousand yuan, and the energy consumption of a single operation day is 496.8 kW.
The method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile based on the simulation optimization is simple and convenient to operate, and the optimal pile length of the energy pile considering economic cost, energy conservation and environmental protection can be determined quickly and efficiently. The determined pile length scheme of the energy pile can furthest exert the heat exchange advantage of the buried pipe on the premise of ensuring that the initial investment is as small as possible, thereby reducing the supply of external supplementary cold sources, fully utilizing the soil heat energy, reducing the electric energy consumption and being beneficial to energy conservation, emission reduction and sustainable development of engineering project construction.
In terms of hardware, in order to accurately determine the optimal pile length of an energy pile on the premise of ensuring low investment and low energy consumption, the application provides an embodiment of an electronic device for implementing all or part of the content in the method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile, where the electronic device specifically includes the following content:
a processor (processor), a memory (memory), a communication Interface (Communications Interface), and a bus; the processor, the memory and the communication interface complete mutual communication through the bus; the communication interface is used for realizing information transmission between the energy pile optimal pile length determining device and relevant equipment such as a core service system, a user terminal, a relevant database and the like; the logic controller may be a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a mobile terminal, and the like, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the logic controller may be implemented with reference to the embodiment of the energy pile optimal pile length determining method and the embodiment of the energy pile optimal pile length determining apparatus in the embodiments, and the contents thereof are incorporated herein, and repeated details are not repeated.
It is understood that the user terminal may include a smart phone, a tablet electronic device, a network set-top box, a portable computer, a desktop computer, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), an in-vehicle device, a smart wearable device, and the like. Wherein, intelligence wearing equipment can include intelligent glasses, intelligent wrist-watch, intelligent bracelet etc..
In practical applications, part of the energy stake optimal stake length determination method may be performed on the electronic device side as described above, or all operations may be performed in the client device. The selection may be specifically performed according to the processing capability of the client device, the limitation of the user usage scenario, and the like. This is not a limitation of the present application. The client device may further include a processor if all operations are performed in the client device.
The client device may have a communication module (i.e., a communication unit), and may be communicatively connected to a remote server to implement data transmission with the server. The server may include a server on the task scheduling center side, and in other implementation scenarios, the server may also include a server on an intermediate platform, for example, a server on a third-party server platform that is communicatively linked to the task scheduling center server. The server may include a single computer device, or may include a server cluster formed by a plurality of servers, or a server structure of a distributed apparatus.
Fig. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a system configuration of an electronic device 9600 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 12, the electronic device 9600 can include a central processor 9100 and a memory 9140; the memory 9140 is coupled to the central processor 9100. Notably, this fig. 12 is exemplary; other types of structures may also be used in addition to or in place of the structure to implement telecommunications or other functions.
In one embodiment, the energy pile optimal pile length determination method function may be integrated into the central processor 9100. The central processor 9100 may be configured to control as follows:
step S101: and carrying out test simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles.
Step S102: and determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump units corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the underground heat exchange capacity.
Step S103: and constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data, and performing multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization on the pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions to determine the optimal energy pile length meeting the constraint conditions.
From the above description, the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the application determines the optimal pile length of the energy pile considering economic cost and energy saving and environmental protection quickly and efficiently through simulation optimization, and the determined pile length of the energy pile can furthest exert the heat exchange advantage of the buried pipe on the premise of ensuring that the initial investment is as small as possible, so that the supply of an external supplementary cold source is reduced, the soil heat energy is fully utilized, the electric energy consumption is reduced, and the energy saving, emission reduction and sustainable development of engineering project construction are facilitated.
In another embodiment, the energy pile optimal pile length determining device may be configured separately from the central processor 9100, for example, the energy pile optimal pile length determining device may be configured as a chip connected to the central processor 9100, and the function of the energy pile optimal pile length determining method may be implemented by the control of the central processor.
As shown in fig. 12, the electronic device 9600 may further include: a communication module 9110, an input unit 9120, an audio processor 9130, a display 9160, and a power supply 9170. It is noted that the electronic device 9600 also does not necessarily include all of the components shown in fig. 12; further, the electronic device 9600 may further include components not shown in fig. 12, which can be referred to in the related art.
As shown in fig. 12, a central processor 9100, sometimes referred to as a controller or operational control, can include a microprocessor or other processor device and/or logic device, which central processor 9100 receives input and controls the operation of the various components of the electronic device 9600.
The memory 9140 can be, for example, one or more of a buffer, a flash memory, a hard drive, a removable media, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, or other suitable device. The information relating to the failure may be stored, and a program for executing the information may be stored. And the central processing unit 9100 can execute the program stored in the memory 9140 to realize information storage or processing, or the like.
The input unit 9120 provides input to the central processor 9100. The input unit 9120 is, for example, a key or a touch input device. Power supply 9170 is used to provide power to electronic device 9600. The display 9160 is used for displaying display objects such as images and characters. The display may be, for example, an LCD display, but is not limited thereto.
The memory 9140 can be a solid state memory, e.g., Read Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), a SIM card, or the like. There may also be a memory that holds information even when power is off, can be selectively erased, and is provided with more data, an example of which is sometimes called an EPROM or the like. The memory 9140 could also be some other type of device. Memory 9140 includes a buffer memory 9141 (sometimes referred to as a buffer). The memory 9140 may include an application/function storage portion 9142, the application/function storage portion 9142 being used for storing application programs and function programs or for executing a flow of operations of the electronic device 9600 by the central processor 9100.
The memory 9140 can also include a data store 9143, the data store 9143 being used to store data, such as contacts, digital data, pictures, sounds, and/or any other data used by an electronic device. The driver storage portion 9144 of the memory 9140 may include various drivers for the electronic device for communication functions and/or for performing other functions of the electronic device (e.g., messaging applications, contact book applications, etc.).
The communication module 9110 is a transmitter/receiver 9110 that transmits and receives signals via an antenna 9111. The communication module (transmitter/receiver) 9110 is coupled to the central processor 9100 to provide input signals and receive output signals, which may be the same as in the case of a conventional mobile communication terminal.
Based on different communication technologies, a plurality of communication modules 9110, such as a cellular network module, a bluetooth module, and/or a wireless local area network module, may be provided in the same electronic device. The communication module (transmitter/receiver) 9110 is also coupled to a speaker 9131 and a microphone 9132 via an audio processor 9130 to provide audio output via the speaker 9131 and receive audio input from the microphone 9132, thereby implementing ordinary telecommunications functions. The audio processor 9130 may include any suitable buffers, decoders, amplifiers and so forth. In addition, the audio processor 9130 is also coupled to the central processor 9100, thereby enabling recording locally through the microphone 9132 and enabling locally stored sounds to be played through the speaker 9131.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium capable of implementing all the steps in the method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile with a server or a client as an execution subject in the foregoing embodiments, where the computer-readable storage medium stores thereon a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements all the steps in the method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile with a server or a client as an execution subject, for example, the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:
step S101: and carrying out test simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles.
Step S102: and determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump units corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the underground heat exchange capacity.
Step S103: and constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data, and performing multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization on the pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions to determine the optimal energy pile length meeting the constraint conditions.
As can be seen from the above description, the computer-readable storage medium provided in the embodiment of the present application determines, through simulation optimization, an optimal pile length of an energy pile considering both economic cost and energy saving and environmental protection quickly and efficiently, and the determined pile length of the energy pile can furthest exert the heat exchange advantage of a buried pipe on the premise of ensuring that the initial investment is as small as possible, thereby reducing the supply of an external supplementary cold source, fully utilizing soil heat energy, reducing power consumption, and contributing to energy saving, emission reduction and sustainable development of engineering project construction.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, apparatus, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (devices), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific embodiments in the invention, and the description of the embodiments is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out test simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles;
determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump units corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the underground heat exchange capacity;
and constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data, and performing multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization on the pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions to determine the optimal energy pile length meeting the constraint conditions.
2. The method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing test simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in the preset three-dimensional building model and the energy pile system model to determine the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile comprises the following steps:
constructing a three-dimensional building model according to the parameters of a building envelope of a target building, internal disturbance load parameters, a schedule and indoor environment design parameters, and constructing an energy pile system model according to the flow velocity in a pipe, the distance between energy piles, the diameter of the pile, the pipe diameter, and the physical parameters of a pile foundation material and a soil material;
and performing test simulation according to a plurality of different energy pile lengths divided according to a set simulation step length, the three-dimensional building model and the energy pile system model, and fitting the test simulation result to obtain the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
3. The method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the heat pump unit cooling load amounts corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the underground heat exchange amount comprises the following steps:
determining the inlet temperature of fluid in the corresponding pipe and the refrigeration coefficient of a heat pump unit according to the corresponding relation between the underground heat exchange quantity and the outlet temperature of the energy pile;
and determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the inlet water temperature of the fluid in the pipe, the refrigeration coefficient of the heat pump unit and the corresponding relation between the outlet water temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
4. The method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile according to claim 1, wherein the step of constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load capacity, the cold source system energy consumption data in the operation period and the equipment cost data corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths comprises the following steps:
constructing a lower-layer optimization model for the objective function according to the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period;
constructing a multi-objective optimization upper layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount, the equipment manufacturing cost data, the equipment capacity data and the energy pile length corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths;
and constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the lower-layer optimization model and the multi-objective optimization upper-layer optimization model.
5. An optimal pile length determination device for an energy pile, comprising:
the simulation test module is used for carrying out test simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles;
the parameter calculation module is used for determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump units corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy piles and the underground heat exchange capacity;
and the double-layer optimization module is used for constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data, performing multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization on the pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions, and determining the optimal energy pile length meeting the constraint conditions.
6. The energy pile optimal pile length determination apparatus of claim 5, wherein the simulation test module comprises:
the model building unit is used for building a three-dimensional building model according to the envelope parameters, the internal disturbance load parameters, the timetable and the indoor environment design parameters of a target building and building an energy pile system model according to the in-pipe flow velocity, the energy pile spacing, the pile diameter, the pipe diameter and the physical parameters of a pile foundation material and a soil material;
and the test simulation unit is used for carrying out test simulation according to a plurality of different energy pile lengths divided according to a set simulation step length, the three-dimensional building model and the energy pile system model, and fitting the test simulation result to obtain the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
7. The energy pile optimal pile length determination apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the parameter calculation module includes:
the underground heat exchange quantity analysis unit is used for determining the corresponding inlet temperature of the fluid in the pipe and the refrigeration coefficient of the heat pump unit according to the corresponding relation between the underground heat exchange quantity and the outlet temperature of the energy pile;
and the cold load quantity calculation unit is used for determining the cold load quantity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the inlet water temperature of the fluid in the pipe, the refrigeration coefficient of the heat pump unit and the corresponding relation between the outlet water temperature of the energy piles and the pile lengths of the energy piles.
8. The energy pile optimal pile length determination apparatus of claim 5, wherein the double-layer optimization module comprises:
the lower-layer optimization model building unit is used for building a lower-layer optimization model for the objective function according to the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period;
the upper-layer optimization model building unit is used for building a multi-objective optimization upper-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load amount, the equipment manufacturing cost data, the equipment capacity data and the energy pile length corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths;
and the double-layer optimization model building unit is used for building a double-layer optimization model according to the lower-layer optimization model and the multi-objective optimization upper-layer optimization model.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program performs the steps of the method for determining an optimal pile length for an energy pile according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for determining an optimal pile length for an energy pile according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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