CN113673016B - Method and device for determining optimal pile length of energy pile - Google Patents
Method and device for determining optimal pile length of energy pile Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for determining the optimal pile length of an energy pile, wherein the method comprises the following steps: performing experimental simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile; determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the underground heat exchange capacity; constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data, optimizing pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions by a multi-objective genetic algorithm, and determining the optimal energy pile length according with the constraint conditions; the application can accurately determine the optimal pile length of the energy pile on the premise of ensuring small investment and low energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of data processing, in particular to a method and a device for determining the optimal pile length of an energy pile.
Background
In the construction of a building, a novel form of a ground heat exchanger in which a ground pipe of a ground source heat pump is directly buried in a concrete pile foundation of the building is called an energy pile. The energy pile can fully utilize the underground area, so that the drilling amount of the traditional ground source heat pump is reduced to a great extent, and the initial investment is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the installation of the energy pile and the construction of the building pile foundation are cooperatively carried out, so that the problems of long construction period, environmental damage and the like of the traditional buried pipe are avoided. Compared with the backfill material of the traditional drilling buried pipe, the backfill material of the pile foundation buried pipe is concrete. The buried pipe, the pile foundation and the soil are in close contact with each other, so that the contact thermal resistance is small, and the heat transfer between the circulating liquid and the soil is enhanced. Pile foundations are large in distance, compared with a traditional drilling buried pipe, the heat exchange device can effectively reduce the occurrence of thermal interference between the buried pipe and a pipe group, and heat exchange performance is more stable.
The common energy pile buried pipe forms in the current engineering are single U type, parallel double U type, W type and spiral type. The single U-shaped buried pipe is the simplest to manufacture and connect and is not easy to leak, so that the single U-shaped buried pipe has wider practical application.
The inventors found that the current research on the energy pile is focused on the research on the heat-force coupling characteristics of the energy pile and the heat exchanging performance influence factors of the energy pile. The heat exchange performance influence factors of the energy pile mainly comprise soil physical properties, flow velocity in a pipe, backfill physical properties, pile length, pile diameter, pile spacing and the like. The common methods mainly comprise three kinds of heat transfer model theoretical calculation, numerical simulation and experimental research. Although the three methods can describe physical phenomena truly and finely, the theoretical calculation theory is too strong, the numerical simulation modeling and the grid division are complex, the experiment is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the like, but the method is still difficult to apply to the design and optimization of the energy pile scheme of the actual engineering at the present stage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the application provides the method and the device for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile, which can accurately determine the optimal pile length of the energy pile on the premise of ensuring small investment and low energy consumption.
In order to solve at least one of the problems, the application provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile, including:
Performing experimental simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile;
Determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the underground heat exchange capacity;
And constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data, optimizing pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions by a multi-objective genetic algorithm, and determining the optimal energy pile length according with the constraint conditions.
Further, the performing test simulation on the energy piles with different pile lengths in the preset three-dimensional building model and the energy pile system model to determine the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile comprises the following steps:
constructing a three-dimensional building model according to the enclosure structure parameters, the internal disturbance load parameters, the schedule and the indoor environment design parameters of the target building, and constructing an energy pile system model according to the flow rate in the pipe, the energy pile spacing, the pile diameter, the pipe diameter, the physical parameters of the pile foundation materials and the soil materials;
And performing experimental simulation according to a plurality of different energy pile lengths, the three-dimensional building model and the energy pile system model which are divided according to the set simulation step length, and fitting the experimental simulation results to obtain the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the energy pile length.
Further, determining the heat pump unit cold load corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the energy pile water outlet temperature and the energy pile length and the corresponding relation between the energy pile water outlet temperature and the underground heat exchange amount, including:
Determining the corresponding in-pipe fluid water inlet temperature and the corresponding heat pump unit refrigeration coefficient according to the corresponding relation between the underground heat exchange amount and the energy pile water outlet temperature;
And determining the cold load of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the water inlet temperature of the fluid in the pipe, the refrigerating coefficient of the heat pump unit and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
Further, the constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load capacity, the cold source system energy consumption data in the operation period and the equipment cost data corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths comprises the following steps:
Constructing a lower-layer optimization model according to the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period as an objective function;
Constructing a multi-objective optimization upper layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load capacity, equipment cost data, equipment capacity data and the energy pile lengths corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths;
And constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the lower-layer optimization model and the multi-objective optimization upper-layer optimization model.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an energy pile optimal pile length determining apparatus, comprising:
the simulation test module is used for carrying out test simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile;
The parameter calculation module is used for determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the underground heat exchange capacity;
the double-layer optimization module is used for constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, optimizing the pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions by a multi-objective genetic algorithm, and determining the optimal energy pile length according to the constraint conditions.
Further, the simulation test module includes:
the model construction unit is used for constructing a three-dimensional building model according to the enclosure structure parameters, the internal disturbance load parameters, the schedule and the indoor environment design parameters of the target building, and constructing an energy pile system model according to the physical parameters of the flow rate in the pipe, the energy pile spacing, the pile diameter, the pipe diameter, the pile foundation materials and the soil materials;
And the test simulation unit is used for performing test simulation on the test simulation results according to a plurality of different energy pile lengths, the three-dimensional building model and the energy pile system model which are divided according to the set simulation step length, and fitting the test simulation results to obtain the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the energy pile length.
Further, the parameter calculation module includes:
The underground heat exchange amount analysis unit is used for determining the corresponding in-pipe fluid water inlet temperature and the heat pump unit refrigeration coefficient according to the corresponding relation between the underground heat exchange amount and the energy pile water outlet temperature;
And the cold load calculating unit is used for determining the cold load of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the inflow temperature of the fluid in the pipe, the refrigerating coefficient of the heat pump unit and the corresponding relation between the outflow temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
Further, the dual-layer optimization module includes:
the lower-layer optimization model construction unit is used for constructing a lower-layer optimization model according to the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period as an objective function;
The upper optimizing model building unit is used for building a multi-objective optimizing upper optimizing model according to the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit, the equipment cost data, the equipment capacity data and the energy pile length corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths;
The double-layer optimization model construction unit is used for constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the lower-layer optimization model and the multi-objective optimization upper-layer optimization model.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the energy stake optimal stake length determination method when executing the program.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the energy pile optimal pile length determination method.
According to the technical scheme, the method and the device for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile are provided, the optimal pile length of the energy pile which takes into account economic cost and energy conservation and environmental protection is determined rapidly and efficiently through simulation optimization, and the determined pile length of the energy pile can exert the heat exchange advantage of the buried pipe to the greatest extent on the premise of ensuring the minimum initial investment, so that the supply of external supplementary cold sources is reduced, the soil heat energy is fully utilized, the electric energy consumption is reduced, and the energy conservation, emission reduction and sustainable development of engineering project construction are facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a second flow chart of a method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a third flow chart of a method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an energy pile optimal pile length determining apparatus in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a second block diagram of an energy pile optimum pile length determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a third block diagram of an energy pile optimum pile length determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a construction of an energy pile optimum pile length determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of a three-dimensional building model in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a correspondence relationship between the water outlet temperature of an energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of optimizing pile length of an energy pile according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Considering that the research on the energy pile in the prior art is focused on the research on the heat-force coupling characteristics of the energy pile and the heat exchange performance influence factors of the energy pile. The heat exchange performance influence factors of the energy pile mainly comprise soil physical properties, flow velocity in a pipe, backfill physical properties, pile length, pile diameter, pile spacing and the like. The common methods mainly comprise three kinds of heat transfer model theoretical calculation, numerical simulation and experimental research. Although the three methods can describe physical phenomena truly and finely, but have the defects of strong theoretical calculation theory, complex numerical simulation modeling and grid division, time and labor waste in experiment preparation and the like, the method and the device for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile are still difficult to apply to the scheme design and optimization of the energy pile in actual engineering at the present stage, the optimal pile length of the energy pile which takes economic cost and energy conservation and environmental protection into consideration is rapidly and efficiently determined through simulation optimization, and the determined pile length of the energy pile can exert the heat exchange advantage of the buried pipe to the greatest extent on the premise of ensuring the minimum initial investment, so that the supply of external supplementary cold sources is reduced, the heat energy of soil is fully utilized, the consumption of electric energy is reduced, and the energy conservation, emission reduction and sustainable development of engineering project construction are facilitated.
In order to accurately determine the optimal pile length of the energy pile on the premise of low investment and low energy consumption, the application provides an embodiment of an energy pile optimal pile length determination method, referring to fig. 1, which specifically comprises the following steps:
Step S101: and performing experimental simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
Optionally, the application can utilize TRNSYS software to build an energy pile system model, and main calculation parameters of the model such as pipe internal flow rate, energy pile spacing, pile diameter, pipe diameter, physical parameters of pile foundation materials and soil materials and the like are determined according to the actual situation of the case building.
Optionally, the application can build a three-dimensional building model in DesignBuilder, set building envelope parameters, internal disturbance load parameters, schedules, indoor environment design parameters and the like, and simulate the annual time-by-time cold and hot loads of the building.
Optionally, the application can take the pile length range of 20 m-50 m,5m as a simulation step length, the single simulation time length is 50 hours, and the system operation is considered to be stable when the water temperature change of the outlet is less than 0.05 ℃/h. And under 7 different pile length values, sequentially simulating and recording the outlet water temperature value of the energy pile by utilizing TRNSYS, and fitting a mathematical function corresponding relation between the outlet water temperature value of the energy pile and the pile length.
Step S102: and determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the underground heat exchange capacity.
Specifically, in summer, the amount of heat exchange of the underground pipe can be calculated by equation 1:
wherein,
Q-the underground heat exchange capacity of the buried pipe, kW;
Q HP, namely the cold load quantity born by the heat pump unit, kW;
COP-the refrigeration coefficient of the heat pump unit;
c-the specific heat capacity of the fluid in the tube, typically water, is taken to be 4.19 kJ/(kg. DEG C);
m-mass of fluid in the tube, kg/s;
t in -the temperature of the fluid inlet in the pipe, DEG C;
t out -fluid outlet temperature in the tube, DEG C.
Therefore, the amount of cold load to be borne by the heat pump unit is calculated by equation 2:
Step S103: and constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data, optimizing pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions by a multi-objective genetic algorithm, and determining the optimal energy pile length according with the constraint conditions.
Optionally, the application can also construct a double-layer optimization model, and the double-layer optimization model specifically can comprise an energy pile and a cold source system initial investment for supplementing a conventional cold machine, wherein the minimum initial investment is an objective function I, and the minimum energy consumption of the cold source system in the operation period is an objective function II.
Optionally, the double-layer optimization model can take the pile length of the energy pile and the capacity of the supplementary cold source as optimization variables.
Specifically, a double-layer optimization model is written in matlab, and the lower-layer optimization is an operation simulation of a cold source system. In order to reduce the calculation time and load, the invention only simulates the operation condition of a typical operation day in summer. The objective function of the lower layer optimization is that the energy consumption of the cold source system is minimum in the operation period, and the optimization is performed by using an interior point method.
The upper layer optimization is multi-objective optimization, the initial investment of a cold source system comprising an energy pile and a supplementary conventional cold machine is taken as a first objective function, and the minimum energy consumption of the cold source system in the lower layer objective function, namely the operation period, is taken as a second objective function. And optimizing by using an NSGA-II multi-objective genetic algorithm. The optimization variables must meet the cold balance constraints and the variable range constraints.
Specifically, the application can utilize TOPSIS multi-objective decision-making method, firstly determine positive and negative ideal solutions, and take the ideal solution with highest initial investment and highest energy consumption; and vice versa is a negative ideal solution. And sorting according to the approach distances of all the optimal solutions and the negative ideal solutions on the Pareto front, and taking the solution with the minimum approach distance of the optimal solutions as the final optimal scheme.
From the above description, the method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile provided by the embodiment of the application can be used for rapidly and efficiently determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile which is compatible with economic cost and energy conservation and environmental protection through simulation optimization, and the determined pile length of the energy pile can exert the heat exchange advantage of the buried pipe to the greatest extent on the premise of ensuring the minimum initial investment, so that the supply of external supplementary cold sources is reduced, the soil heat energy is fully utilized, the electric energy consumption is reduced, and the energy conservation and emission reduction and sustainable development of engineering project construction are facilitated.
In order to accurately determine the correspondence between the outlet water temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile, in an embodiment of the method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile according to the present application, referring to fig. 2, the step S101 may further specifically include the following:
Step S201: and constructing a three-dimensional building model according to the enclosure structure parameters, the internal disturbance load parameters, the schedule and the indoor environment design parameters of the target building, and constructing an energy pile system model according to the flow rate in the pipe, the energy pile spacing, the pile diameter, the pipe diameter, the physical parameters of the pile foundation materials and the soil materials.
Step S202: and performing experimental simulation according to a plurality of different energy pile lengths, the three-dimensional building model and the energy pile system model which are divided according to the set simulation step length, and fitting the experimental simulation results to obtain the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the energy pile length.
Optionally, the application can utilize TRNSYS software to build an energy pile system model, and main calculation parameters of the model such as pipe internal flow rate, energy pile spacing, pile diameter, pipe diameter, physical parameters of pile foundation materials and soil materials and the like are determined according to the actual situation of the case building.
Optionally, the application can build a three-dimensional building model in DesignBuilder, set building envelope parameters, internal disturbance load parameters, schedules, indoor environment design parameters and the like, and simulate the annual time-by-time cold and hot loads of the building.
Optionally, the application can take the pile length range of 20 m-50 m,5m as a simulation step length, the single simulation time length is 50 hours, and the system operation is considered to be stable when the water temperature change of the outlet is less than 0.05 ℃/h. And under 7 different pile length values, sequentially simulating and recording the outlet water temperature value of the energy pile by utilizing TRNSYS, and fitting a mathematical function corresponding relation between the outlet water temperature value of the energy pile and the pile length.
In order to accurately determine the cold load of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, in an embodiment of the method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile according to the present application, referring to fig. 3, the step S102 may further specifically include the following steps:
step S301: and determining the corresponding in-pipe fluid water inlet temperature and the corresponding heat pump unit refrigeration coefficient according to the corresponding relation between the underground heat exchange amount and the energy pile water outlet temperature.
Step S302: and determining the cold load of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the water inlet temperature of the fluid in the pipe, the refrigerating coefficient of the heat pump unit and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
Specifically, in summer, the amount of heat exchange of the underground pipe can be calculated by equation 1:
Wherein:
q-the underground heat exchange capacity of the buried pipe, kW;
Q HP, namely the cold load quantity born by the heat pump unit, kW;
COP-the refrigeration coefficient of the heat pump unit;
c-the specific heat capacity of the fluid in the tube, typically water, is taken to be 4.19 kJ/(kg. DEG C);
m-mass of fluid in the tube, kg/s;
t in -the temperature of the fluid inlet in the pipe, DEG C;
t out -fluid outlet temperature in the tube, DEG C.
Therefore, the amount of cold load to be borne by the heat pump unit is calculated by equation 2:
in order to accurately construct the double-layer optimization model, in an embodiment of the method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile according to the present application, referring to fig. 4, the step S103 may further specifically include the following:
step S401: and constructing a lower layer optimization model according to the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period as an objective function.
Step S402: and constructing a multi-objective optimization upper optimization model according to the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit, the equipment cost data, the equipment capacity data and the pile length of the energy piles corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths.
Step S403: and constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the lower-layer optimization model and the multi-objective optimization upper-layer optimization model.
Specifically, the application can write a double-layer optimization model in matlab, and the lower-layer optimization is the operation simulation of the cold source system. In order to reduce the calculation time and load, the application only simulates the operation condition of a typical operation day in summer, and takes the occurrence day of the maximum cold load as the optimized operation day.
The objective function of the lower layer optimization is that the energy consumption of the cold source system is minimum in the operation period, and the optimization is performed by using an interior point method.
The upper layer optimization is multi-objective optimization, the initial investment of a cold source system comprising an energy pile and a supplementary conventional cold machine is taken as a first objective function, and the minimum energy consumption of the cold source system in the lower layer objective function, namely the operation period, is taken as a second objective function.
The objective function is shown in equation 3:
F1＝min(cHP×CHP+cEC×CEC)
3)
Wherein:
c HP, the cost of the ground source heat pump with unit capacity, yuan/kW;
c EC, the cost of a water chilling unit with unit capacity, yuan/kW;
L-energy pile length;
c HP -ground source heat pump capacity, kW;
c EC -capacity of the water chilling unit, kW.
The objective function II is shown in equation 4:
And optimizing by using an NSGA-II multi-objective genetic algorithm. The optimization variables are the pile length of the energy pile and the capacity of the water chilling unit. The optimized variable is required to meet the cold balance constraint and the variable range constraint, and the constraint conditions are shown in the formulas 5 to 7.
L∈[20,50]
5)
CEC∈[50,300]
6)
Qcool＝QHP+QEC
7)
Wherein, Q cool -summer indoor design cooling load, kW.
The optimization results in Pareto front as shown in fig. 11.
In order to accurately determine the optimal pile length of the energy pile on the premise of low investment and low energy consumption, the application provides an embodiment of an energy pile optimal pile length determining device for realizing all or part of the content of the energy pile optimal pile length determining method, and referring to fig. 5, the energy pile optimal pile length determining device specifically comprises the following contents:
And the simulation test module 10 is used for performing test simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
And the parameter calculation module 20 is used for determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the underground heat exchange capacity.
The double-layer optimization module 30 is configured to construct a double-layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load capacity, the cold source system energy consumption data in the operation period and the equipment cost data corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, and perform multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization on pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions, so as to determine the optimal energy pile length according with the constraint conditions.
From the above description, the energy pile optimal pile length determining device provided by the embodiment of the application can be used for rapidly and efficiently determining the energy pile optimal pile length which is compatible with economic cost and energy conservation and environmental protection through simulation optimization, and the determined energy pile length can exert the heat exchange advantage of the buried pipe to the greatest extent on the premise of ensuring the minimum initial investment, so that the supply of external supplementary cold sources is reduced, the soil heat energy is fully utilized, the electric energy consumption is reduced, and the energy conservation and emission reduction and sustainable development of engineering project construction are facilitated.
In order to accurately determine the correspondence between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile, in an embodiment of the apparatus for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile according to the present application, referring to fig. 6, the simulation test module 10 includes:
The model construction unit 11 is configured to construct a three-dimensional building model according to the enclosure structure parameter, the internal disturbance load parameter, the schedule, and the indoor environment design parameter of the target building, and construct an energy pile system model according to the physical parameters of the flow rate in the pipe, the energy pile spacing, the pile diameter, the pipe diameter, the pile foundation material, and the soil material.
And the test simulation unit 12 is used for performing test simulation on the test simulation results according to a plurality of different energy pile lengths, the three-dimensional building model and the energy pile system model which are divided according to the set simulation step length, and fitting the test simulation results to obtain the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the energy pile length.
In order to accurately determine the cold load of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles having different pile lengths, in an embodiment of the energy pile optimal pile length determining apparatus of the present application, referring to fig. 7, the parameter calculating module 20 includes:
and the underground heat exchange amount analysis unit 21 is used for determining the corresponding in-pipe fluid water inlet temperature and the heat pump unit refrigeration coefficient according to the corresponding relationship between the underground heat exchange amount and the energy pile water outlet temperature.
And the cold load calculating unit 22 is configured to determine the cold load of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the inflow temperature of the fluid in the pipe, the refrigeration coefficient of the heat pump unit, and the corresponding relation between the outflow temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
In order to accurately construct the double-layer optimization model, in an embodiment of the energy pile optimal pile length determining apparatus of the present application, referring to fig. 8, the double-layer optimization module 30 includes:
The lower optimization model construction unit 31 is configured to construct a lower optimization model according to the energy consumption data of the cold source system during the operation period as an objective function.
And the upper optimization model construction unit 32 is configured to construct a multi-objective optimization upper optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load capacity, the equipment cost data, the equipment capacity data and the energy pile length corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths.
A dual-layer optimization model construction unit 33, configured to construct a dual-layer optimization model according to the lower-layer optimization model and the multi-objective optimization upper-layer optimization model.
In order to further explain the scheme, the application also provides a specific application example for realizing the method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile by using the device for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile, which comprises the following specific contents:
Take a small auditorium located in a city as an example. Some cities are located in typical summer hot and winter cold areas. The auditorium has two layers, and the building area is about 4122 square meters. The total amount of the cast-in-place piles is 101, and about 70 pile foundation buried pipes can be utilized by the ground source heat pump. According to project data, designBuilder is utilized to model and simulate the time-by-time cooling load of the building. The building model is shown in fig. 9.
The maximum cooling load of the building in summer is 352.2kW, the pile foundation buried pipes are fully utilized for providing cooling capacity for the auditorium in summer according to the whole project plan, and insufficient cooling capacity is intended to be supplemented by a water chilling unit. The energy pile in this case adopts a single U-shaped buried pipe, the pile foundation spacing is 5m, and the pile diameter is 0.5m. The inner diameter of the U-shaped pipe is 20mm, the outer diameter is 25mm, and the distance between the two U-shaped pipes is 0.3m. The flow rate in the tube was 0.4m/s and the inlet water temperature was 35 ℃. The soil temperature was 20 ℃. The refrigerating coefficient of the heat pump unit in the project is 6.96, and the refrigerating coefficient of the conventional refrigerator is 5.79. The cost of the ground source heat pump system including the energy pile is 2000 yuan/kW, and the cost of the water chilling unit with unit capacity is 800 yuan/kW.
The physical parameters of the materials related to the energy pile are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 physical Properties parameters of materials related to energy piles
Stable water outlet temperature values corresponding to different pile lengths are obtained by using TRNSYS simulation, as shown in fig. 10.
The fitting relation between the water outlet temperature t out and the pile length L is t out＝0.0007L2 -0.1733L+34.875.
In summer, the amount of underground heat exchange of the buried pipe can be calculated by formula 1:
Wherein:
q-the underground heat exchange capacity of the buried pipe, kW;
Q HP, namely the cold load quantity born by the heat pump unit, kW;
COP-the refrigeration coefficient of the heat pump unit;
c-the specific heat capacity of the fluid in the tube, typically water, is taken to be 4.19 kJ/(kg. DEG C);
m-mass of fluid in the tube, kg/s;
t in -the temperature of the fluid inlet in the pipe, DEG C;
t out -fluid outlet temperature in the tube, DEG C.
Therefore, the amount of cold load to be borne by the heat pump unit is calculated by equation 2:
And writing a double-layer optimization model in matlab, wherein the lower-layer optimization is the operation simulation of the cold source system. In order to reduce the calculation time and load, the embodiment only simulates the operation condition of a typical operation day in summer, and takes the occurrence day of the maximum cooling load as the optimized operation day.
The objective function of the lower layer optimization is that the energy consumption of the cold source system is minimum in the operation period, and the optimization is performed by using an interior point method.
The upper layer optimization is multi-objective optimization, the initial investment of a cold source system comprising an energy pile and a supplementary conventional cold machine is taken as a first objective function, and the minimum energy consumption of the cold source system in the lower layer objective function, namely the operation period, is taken as a second objective function.
The objective function is shown in equation 3:
F1＝min(cHP×CHP+cEC×CEC)
3)
Wherein:
c HP, the cost of the ground source heat pump with unit capacity, yuan/kW;
c EC, the cost of a water chilling unit with unit capacity, yuan/kW;
L-energy pile length;
c HP -ground source heat pump capacity, kW;
c EC -capacity of the water chilling unit, kW.
The objective function II is shown in equation 4:
And optimizing by using an NSGA-II multi-objective genetic algorithm. The optimization variables are the pile length of the energy pile and the capacity of the water chilling unit. The optimized variable is required to meet the cold balance constraint and the variable range constraint, and the constraint conditions are shown in the formulas 5 to 7:
L∈[20,50]
5)
CEC∈[50,300]
6)
Qcool＝QHP+QEC
7)
Wherein: q cool -summer indoor design Cold load, kW.
The optimized Pareto front is shown in fig. 11, and the optimal scheme on the Pareto front is calculated to be 48.5m in pile length and 145.1kW in capacity of the supplementary cooler by using a TOPSIS decision method. At the moment, the manufacturing cost of a corresponding cold source system is 59.1 ten thousand yuan, and the energy consumption of a single operation day is 496.8kW.
The method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile based on simulation optimization is simple and convenient to operate, and the optimal pile length of the energy pile which is economical, energy-saving and environment-friendly can be determined rapidly and efficiently. The determined energy pile length scheme can exert the heat exchange advantage of the buried pipe to the greatest extent on the premise of ensuring the minimum initial investment, thereby reducing the supply of external supplementary cold sources, fully utilizing the heat energy of soil, reducing the electric energy consumption and being beneficial to the energy conservation, emission reduction and sustainable development of engineering project construction.
In order to accurately determine the optimal pile length of the energy pile on the premise of ensuring small investment and low energy consumption, the application provides an embodiment of electronic equipment for realizing all or part of contents in the optimal pile length determination method of the energy pile, wherein the electronic equipment specifically comprises the following contents:
A processor (processor), a memory (memory), a communication interface (Communications Interface), and a bus; the processor, the memory and the communication interface complete communication with each other through the bus; the communication interface is used for realizing information transmission between the energy pile optimal pile length determining device and related equipment such as a core service system, a user terminal, a related database and the like; the logic controller may be a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a mobile terminal, etc., and the embodiment is not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the logic controller may refer to an embodiment of the method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile in the embodiment and an embodiment of the device for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile, and the contents thereof are incorporated herein, and are not repeated here.
It is understood that the user terminal may include a smart phone, a tablet electronic device, a network set top box, a portable computer, a desktop computer, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a vehicle-mounted device, a smart wearable device, etc. Wherein, intelligent wearing equipment can include intelligent glasses, intelligent wrist-watch, intelligent bracelet etc..
In practical applications, part of the method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile may be performed on the electronic device side as described above, or all operations may be performed in the client device. Specifically, the selection may be made according to the processing capability of the client device, and restrictions of the use scenario of the user. The application is not limited in this regard. If all operations are performed in the client device, the client device may further include a processor.
The client device may have a communication module (i.e. a communication unit) and may be connected to a remote server in a communication manner, so as to implement data transmission with the server. The server may include a server on the side of the task scheduling center, and in other implementations may include a server of an intermediate platform, such as a server of a third party server platform having a communication link with the task scheduling center server. The server may include a single computer device, a server cluster formed by a plurality of servers, or a server structure of a distributed device.
Fig. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a system configuration of an electronic device 9600 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 12, the electronic device 9600 may include a central processor 9100 and a memory 9140; the memory 9140 is coupled to the central processor 9100. Notably, this fig. 12 is exemplary; other types of structures may also be used in addition to or in place of the structures to implement telecommunications functions or other functions.
In one embodiment, the energy stake optimal stake length determination method functions may be integrated into the central processor 9100. The central processor 9100 may be configured to perform the following control:
Step S101: and performing experimental simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
Step S102: and determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the underground heat exchange capacity.
Step S103: and constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data, optimizing pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions by a multi-objective genetic algorithm, and determining the optimal energy pile length according with the constraint conditions.
From the above description, it can be seen that the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the application rapidly and efficiently determines the optimal pile length of the energy pile which gives consideration to both economic cost and energy conservation and environmental protection through simulation optimization, and the determined energy pile length can exert the heat exchange advantage of the buried pipe to the greatest extent on the premise of ensuring the minimum initial investment, thereby reducing the supply of external supplementary cold sources, fully utilizing the soil heat energy, reducing the electric energy consumption, and being beneficial to the energy conservation and emission reduction and sustainable development of engineering project construction.
In another embodiment, the energy pile optimal pile length determining device may be configured separately from the central processor 9100, for example, the energy pile optimal pile length determining device may be configured as a chip connected to the central processor 9100, and the energy pile optimal pile length determining method function is implemented by control of the central processor.
As shown in fig. 12, the electronic device 9600 may further include: a communication module 9110, an input unit 9120, an audio processor 9130, a display 9160, and a power supply 9170. It is noted that the electronic device 9600 need not include all of the components shown in fig. 12; in addition, the electronic device 9600 may further include components not shown in fig. 12, and reference may be made to the related art.
As shown in fig. 12, the central processor 9100, sometimes referred to as a controller or operational control, may include a microprocessor or other processor device and/or logic device, which central processor 9100 receives inputs and controls the operation of the various components of the electronic device 9600.
The memory 9140 may be, for example, one or more of a buffer, a flash memory, a hard drive, a removable media, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, or other suitable device. The information about failure may be stored, and a program for executing the information may be stored. And the central processor 9100 can execute the program stored in the memory 9140 to realize information storage or processing, and the like.
The input unit 9120 provides input to the central processor 9100. The input unit 9120 is, for example, a key or a touch input device. The power supply 9170 is used to provide power to the electronic device 9600. The display 9160 is used for displaying display objects such as images and characters. The display may be, for example, but not limited to, an LCD display.
The memory 9140 may be a solid state memory such as Read Only Memory (ROM), random Access Memory (RAM), SIM card, etc. But also a memory which holds information even when powered down, can be selectively erased and provided with further data, an example of which is sometimes referred to as EPROM or the like. The memory 9140 may also be some other type of device. The memory 9140 includes a buffer memory 9141 (sometimes referred to as a buffer). The memory 9140 may include an application/function storage portion 9142, the application/function storage portion 9142 storing application programs and function programs or a flow for executing operations of the electronic device 9600 by the central processor 9100.
The memory 9140 may also include a data store 9143, the data store 9143 for storing data, such as contacts, digital data, pictures, sounds, and/or any other data used by an electronic device. The driver storage portion 9144 of the memory 9140 may include various drivers of the electronic device for communication functions and/or for performing other functions of the electronic device (e.g., messaging applications, address book applications, etc.).
The communication module 9110 is a transmitter/receiver 9110 that transmits and receives signals via an antenna 9111. A communication module (transmitter/receiver) 9110 is coupled to the central processor 9100 to provide input signals and receive output signals, as in the case of conventional mobile communication terminals.
Based on different communication technologies, a plurality of communication modules 9110, such as a cellular network module, a bluetooth module, and/or a wireless local area network module, etc., may be provided in the same electronic device. The communication module (transmitter/receiver) 9110 is also coupled to a speaker 9131 and a microphone 9132 via an audio processor 9130 to provide audio output via the speaker 9131 and to receive audio input from the microphone 9132 to implement usual telecommunications functions. The audio processor 9130 can include any suitable buffers, decoders, amplifiers and so forth. In addition, the audio processor 9130 is also coupled to the central processor 9100 so that sound can be recorded locally through the microphone 9132 and sound stored locally can be played through the speaker 9131.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium capable of implementing all steps in the method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile in which an execution subject is a server or a client in the above embodiment, the computer readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, the computer program implementing all steps in the method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile in which an execution subject is a server or a client in the above embodiment when executed by a processor, for example, the processor implementing the steps when executing the computer program:
Step S101: and performing experimental simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
Step S102: and determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the underground heat exchange capacity.
Step S103: and constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths, the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period and the equipment cost data, optimizing pile length optimization variables in the double-layer optimization model according to preset constraint conditions by a multi-objective genetic algorithm, and determining the optimal energy pile length according with the constraint conditions.
From the above description, it can be seen that the computer readable storage medium provided by the embodiment of the application rapidly and efficiently determines the optimal pile length of the energy pile which has economic cost and energy conservation and environmental protection through simulation optimization, and the determined pile length of the energy pile can exert the heat exchange advantage of the buried pipe to the greatest extent on the premise of ensuring the minimum initial investment, thereby reducing the supply of external supplementary cold sources, fully utilizing the heat energy of soil, reducing the consumption of electric energy, and being beneficial to the energy conservation, emission reduction and sustainable development of engineering project construction.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, apparatus, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (devices), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.
Claims (8)
1. A method for determining an optimal pile length of an energy pile, the method comprising:
Performing experimental simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile;
Determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the underground heat exchange capacity;
Constructing a lower-layer optimization model according to the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period as an objective function;
Constructing a multi-objective optimization upper layer optimization model according to the heat pump unit cold load capacity, equipment cost data, equipment capacity data and the energy pile lengths corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths;
constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the lower-layer optimization model and the multi-objective optimization upper-layer optimization model;
And optimizing the pile length optimization variable in the double-layer optimization model by a multi-objective genetic algorithm according to a preset constraint condition, and determining the optimal energy pile length conforming to the constraint condition.
2. The method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing experimental simulation on the energy piles with different pile lengths in the preset three-dimensional building model and the energy pile system model to determine the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile comprises the following steps:
constructing a three-dimensional building model according to the enclosure structure parameters, the internal disturbance load parameters, the schedule and the indoor environment design parameters of the target building, and constructing an energy pile system model according to the flow rate in the pipe, the energy pile spacing, the pile diameter, the pipe diameter, the physical parameters of the pile foundation materials and the soil materials;
And performing experimental simulation according to a plurality of different energy pile lengths, the three-dimensional building model and the energy pile system model which are divided according to the set simulation step length, and fitting the experimental simulation results to obtain the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the energy pile length.
3. The method for determining the optimal pile length of the energy pile according to claim 1, wherein determining the cold load of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the underground heat exchange amount comprises:
Determining the corresponding in-pipe fluid water inlet temperature and the corresponding heat pump unit refrigeration coefficient according to the corresponding relation between the underground heat exchange amount and the energy pile water outlet temperature;
And determining the cold load of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the water inlet temperature of the fluid in the pipe, the refrigerating coefficient of the heat pump unit and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
4. An energy pile optimal pile length determining device, characterized by comprising:
the simulation test module is used for carrying out test simulation on a plurality of energy piles with different pile lengths in a preset three-dimensional building model and an energy pile system model, and determining the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile;
The parameter calculation module is used for determining the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile and the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the underground heat exchange capacity;
a dual layer optimization module comprising:
the lower-layer optimization model construction unit is used for constructing a lower-layer optimization model according to the energy consumption data of the cold source system in the operation period as an objective function;
The upper optimizing model building unit is used for building a multi-objective optimizing upper optimizing model according to the cold load capacity of the heat pump unit, the equipment cost data, the equipment capacity data and the energy pile length corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths;
the double-layer optimization model construction unit is used for constructing a double-layer optimization model according to the lower-layer optimization model and the multi-objective optimization upper-layer optimization model, optimizing the pile length optimization variable in the double-layer optimization model according to a preset constraint condition by a multi-objective genetic algorithm, and determining the optimal energy pile length according with the constraint condition.
5. The energy pile optimal pile length determination device according to claim 4, wherein the simulation test module comprises:
the model construction unit is used for constructing a three-dimensional building model according to the enclosure structure parameters, the internal disturbance load parameters, the schedule and the indoor environment design parameters of the target building, and constructing an energy pile system model according to the physical parameters of the flow rate in the pipe, the energy pile spacing, the pile diameter, the pipe diameter, the pile foundation materials and the soil materials;
And the test simulation unit is used for performing test simulation on the test simulation results according to a plurality of different energy pile lengths, the three-dimensional building model and the energy pile system model which are divided according to the set simulation step length, and fitting the test simulation results to obtain the corresponding relation between the water outlet temperature of the energy pile and the energy pile length.
6. The energy pile optimal pile length determining apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the parameter calculation module comprises:
The underground heat exchange amount analysis unit is used for determining the corresponding in-pipe fluid water inlet temperature and the heat pump unit refrigeration coefficient according to the corresponding relation between the underground heat exchange amount and the energy pile water outlet temperature;
And the cold load calculating unit is used for determining the cold load of the heat pump unit corresponding to the energy piles with different pile lengths according to the inflow temperature of the fluid in the pipe, the refrigerating coefficient of the heat pump unit and the corresponding relation between the outflow temperature of the energy pile and the pile length of the energy pile.
7. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the energy stake optimum stake length determination method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 when the program is executed by the processor.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the energy pile optimal pile length determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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