CN114200662A - Athermal infrared collimator optical system - Google Patents
Athermal infrared collimator optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114200662A CN114200662A CN202111568119.5A CN202111568119A CN114200662A CN 114200662 A CN114200662 A CN 114200662A CN 202111568119 A CN202111568119 A CN 202111568119A CN 114200662 A CN114200662 A CN 114200662A
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- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G1/00—Sighting devices
- F41G1/06—Rearsights
- F41G1/14—Rearsights with lens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/18—Coatings for keeping optical surfaces clean, e.g. hydrophobic or photo-catalytic films
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
- G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
- G02B13/0035—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having three lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0055—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
- G02B13/006—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element at least one element being a compound optical element, e.g. cemented elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/008—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras designed for infrared light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/12—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices with means for image conversion or intensification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
- G02B7/028—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with means for compensating for changes in temperature or for controlling the temperature; thermal stabilisation
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a athermal infrared sighting device optical system which comprises an infrared objective lens group and an eyepiece lens group, wherein the infrared objective lens group comprises an objective lens first lens, an objective lens second lens and an objective lens third lens; the eyepiece group comprises an eyepiece first lens, an eyepiece second lens and an eyepiece third lens; the object side surface of the first lens of the objective lens is plated with a diamond-like carbon film, the front surface of the third lens of the objective lens is a spherical surface, the substrate of the rear surface is an aspheric diffraction surface, and the image side surface of the third lens of the eyepiece lens is plated with a hydrophobic film. The infrared sighting telescope optical system of the invention adopts an optical passive method to realize athermalization, does not need additional mechanical compensation parts and moving components, keeps stable imaging quality in a larger temperature range, can adapt to extreme abnormal environments, and has the advantages of simple structure, small volume and weight, and high stability and reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of infrared optical instruments, and particularly relates to a pyrogen-free infrared sighting telescope optical system.
Background
With the rapid development of infrared thermal imaging technology, the application range of the infrared thermal imaging technology is wider and wider, and an infrared sight is one of the important applications of the infrared thermal imaging technology. Because the working temperature range of the military infrared sighting device is wide, and the refractive index of the infrared optical material is greatly changed along with the temperature, parameters such as the thickness, the curvature radius and the like of the infrared optical element are changed along with the change of the temperature, so that the image plane is directly displaced, and the imaging quality is reduced.
In order to eliminate or reduce the imaging quality reduction caused by the temperature effect, the image plane displacement compensation is required to be carried out by adopting the athermalization technology. Usually, a passive or active mechanism is used to move a certain group of lenses to compensate for thermal defocus, so as to achieve athermalization of the optical system, but this method will additionally add mechanical or electronic compensation components, so that the system becomes larger in volume, increased in mass, and reduced in reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the existing infrared sighting telescope system, the invention aims to provide a pyrogen-free infrared sighting telescope optical system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an athermal infrared collimator optical system comprises an infrared objective lens group and an objective lens group, wherein the infrared objective lens group adopts an optical passive method to realize athermalization, and comprises an objective lens first lens, an objective lens second lens and an objective lens third lens; the eyepiece group comprises an eyepiece first lens, an eyepiece second lens and an eyepiece third lens; the object space surface of the first lens of the objective lens is plated with a diamond-like carbon film, the focal power of the third lens of the objective lens is 0.014944, the center thickness is 3.4mm, the front surface is spherical, the curvature radius is 52.72, the substrate of the rear surface is an aspheric diffraction surface, and aspheric parameters are as follows: r =115.35, k =0, a =2.8184174E-006, B =6.2284853E-010, C =1.4537295E-011, D = -3.6627646E-014; the diffraction surface parameters are as follows: lambda [ alpha ]0=9.9 μm, standard radius R =10mm, phase coefficient H1=-40.932402，H2= -33.582941; the image side surface of the third lens of the eyepiece is plated with a hydrophobic film, the focal power of the third lens of the eyepiece is 0.01839, the center thickness is 4.4mm, the material is low-melting-point D-ZK3, the front surface is a spherical surface, the curvature radius is 35.86, the rear surface is an aspheric surface, and the aspheric surface parameters are as follows: r = -542.9, k =0, a = -1.1315436E-005, B =2.4497096E-009, C = -3.5379367E-011, D = 1.6043689E-013.
Further, the optical parameters of the infrared objective lens group are as follows: the wave band range is 8-12 μm, the focal length is 70mm, the field of view is not less than 10 degrees multiplied by 8 degrees, the F # is 1, the image plane size is 12.8mm multiplied by 10.24mm, the optical total length is not more than 75mm, and the weight is not more than 100 g.
Further, the optical parameters of the eyepiece group are as follows: the focal length is 22.5mm, the diameter of the exit pupil is not less than 5mm, the distance of the exit pupil is not less than 40mm, the adjusting range of the visual acuity is-5 SD to +2SD, the total optical length is not more than 32mm, and the weight is not more than 29 g.
Further, the first lens power of the objective lens is 0.014488, the center thickness is 6mm, the front surface is spherical, the curvature radius is 60.97, the back surface is an even aspheric surface, and the aspheric parameters are as follows: r =79.98, k =0, a =3.84553E-008, B =3.86441E-012, C =2.171E-015, D = -3.38722E-019.
Further, the power of the second lens of the objective lens is-0.012075, the center thickness is 2.8mm, the front surface is spherical, the curvature radius is 24.825, the back surface is an even aspheric surface, and the aspheric parameters are as follows: r =19.11, k =0, a =3.85537E-006, B =3.940221E-008, C = -1.86088E-010, D = 1.16213E-012.
Further, the interval between each optical element in the infrared objective lens group is 40.68mm and 11.6mm respectively, and the back intercept is 9.78 mm.
Further, the first lens of the eyepiece is a gluing element, the focal power is 0.034561 and-0.018144 respectively, the center thickness is 8mm and 2mm respectively, the curvature radius is-121.32, -16.03 and-25.85 respectively, and the materials are crown glass and heavy flint glass respectively.
Furthermore, the focal power of the second eyepiece lens is 0.011007, the center thickness is 3.5mm, the curvature radius is 542.9 and-62.74, and the material is crown glass.
Further, the interval between each optical element in the eyepiece group is 0.2mm and 0.2mm respectively, and the back intercept is 14 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are embodied in the following aspects:
(1) the infrared sighting telescope optical system adopts an optical passive method to realize athermalization, does not need additional mechanical compensation parts and moving components, keeps stable imaging quality in a larger temperature range (-50 ℃ to +70 ℃), can adapt to extreme abnormal environments, and has simple structure, small volume and weight, and high stability and reliability.
(2) The optical system adopts a diffraction surface with an aspheric surface as a substrate in the design of an objective lens group; in the design of the eyepiece group, an aspheric surface which takes a low-melting-point material D-ZK3 as a substrate is introduced, so that the optical system has excellent image quality and light weight.
(3) The diamond-like carbon film (DLC) is plated on the object space surface of the first lens 1 of the objective lens group, the hydrophobic film is plated on the image space surface of the third lens 3 of the eyepiece lens group, and the high-performance optical films are plated on other optical elements, so that the corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance, salt mist resistance and system energy receiving efficiency of the optical system are obviously improved, and the discovery and identification of targets are facilitated.
(4) The size layout and the tolerance of the optical systems of the infrared objective lens group and the eyepiece lens group are reasonable, the tolerance redundancy of a single optical part is large, and the mass production of the optical part and the structural design and the overall layout of the sighting telescope are facilitated.
(5) The infrared objective group realizes optical passive athermalization by a refraction-diffraction mixing mode, meets the requirements of focal power, achromatization and athermalization, and utilizes reasonable combination and collocation of optical materials and lens cone materials to carry out aberration balance while athermalization so as to ensure that the system keeps stable imaging quality in a larger temperature range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an objective lens assembly of an infrared sighting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an optical system of an eyepiece of an infrared sight of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an MTF curve (-50 ℃ C.) of the optical system of the infrared objective lens assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a MTF curve (+ 20 ℃ C.) for the optical system of the infrared objective lens assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a MTF curve (+ 70 ℃ C.) for the optical system of the infrared objective lens assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the diffuse speckle pattern (-50 ℃) of the optical system of the infrared objective lens group according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diffuse speckle profile (+ 20 ℃) of the infrared objective lens assembly optical system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diffuse speckle profile (+ 70 ℃ C.) of the infrared objective optical system of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the first lens of objective, 2, the second lens of objective, 3, the third lens of objective, 4, the first lens of eyepiece, 5, the second lens of eyepiece, 6, the third lens of eyepiece.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the athermal infrared sighting telescope optical system of the present embodiment includes an infrared objective lens group and an eyepiece lens group, wherein light rays radiated by a target are imaged on a detector through the infrared objective lens group, and the image is transmitted to a display and finally observed through the eyepiece lens group. The infrared objective lens group adopts an optical passive method to realize athermalization, and the optical passive athermalization technology utilizes the difference between the thermal characteristics of infrared optical materials and eliminates the influence of temperature through reasonable combination of different characteristic materials, thereby obtaining athermal effect.
In this embodiment, the infrared objective lens group includes an objective lens first lens 1, an objective lens second lens 2, and an objective lens third lens 3.
The focal power of the first lens 1 of the objective lens is 0.014488, the center thickness is 6mm, the front surface is a spherical surface, the curvature radius is 60.97, the back surface is an even aspheric surface, and the aspheric parameters are as follows: r =79.98, k =0, a =3.84553E-008, B =3.86441E-012, C =2.171E-015, D = -3.38722E-019; the surface of the object space of the first lens 1 of the objective lens is plated with a diamond-like carbon film (DLC), so that the infrared transmittance, corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance of the objective lens group are improved.
Objective lens second lens 2 the focal power of objective lens second lens 2 is-0.012075, the center thickness is 2.8mm, the front surface is spherical, the curvature radius is 24.825, the back surface is an even aspheric surface, and the aspheric surface parameters are: r =19.11, k =0, a =3.85537E-006, B =3.940221E-008, C = -1.86088E-010, D = 1.16213E-012.
The focal power of the third lens 3 of the objective lens is 0.014944, the center thickness is 3.4mm, the front surface is a spherical surface, the curvature radius is 52.72, the substrate of the rear surface is an aspheric diffraction surface, and the aspheric parameters are as follows: r =115.35, k =0, a =2.8184174E-006, B =6.2284853E-010, C =1.4537295E-011, D = -3.6627646E-014; the diffraction surface parameters are: lambda [ alpha ]0=9.9 μm, standard radius R =10mm, phase coefficient H1=-40.932402，H2=-33.582941。
The interval between each optical element in the infrared objective group is 40.68mm and 11.6mm respectively, and the back intercept is 9.78 mm.
The infrared objective lens group is introduced with a diffraction element, the characteristics of large dispersion factor and small photo-thermal expansion coefficient of the diffraction element are utilized, the purpose of eliminating thermal difference is achieved by reasonably matching optical materials and structural materials and by combining a negative lens with a large dn/dT value and a positive lens with a small dn/dT value, and the difficulty of athermal design is reduced. The infrared objective lens group keeps stable imaging quality within the temperature range of minus 50 ℃ to plus 70 ℃.
The optical parameters of the infrared objective lens group are as follows: the wave band range is 8-12 μm, the focal length is 70mm, the field of view is not less than 10 degrees multiplied by 8 degrees, the F # is 1, the image plane size is 12.8mm multiplied by 10.24mm, the optical total length is not more than 75mm, and the weight is not more than 100 g.
In this embodiment, the eyepiece group includes an eyepiece first lens 4, an eyepiece second lens 5, and an eyepiece third lens 6.
The first eyepiece lens 4 is a cemented element with optical power of 0.034561 and-0.018144, center thickness of 8mm and 2mm, curvature radius of-121.32, -16.03 and-25.85, and crown glass and flint glass.
The second eyepiece lens 5 has an optical power of 0.011007, a center thickness of 3.5mm, a radius of curvature of 542.9 and-62.74, and is made of crown glass.
The focal power of the ocular third lens 6 is 0.01839, the center thickness is 4.4mm, the material is D-ZK3, the front surface is spherical, the curvature radius is 35.86, the back surface is aspheric, and the aspheric parameters are as follows: r = -542.9, k =0, a = -1.1315436E-005, B =2.4497096E-009, C = -3.5379367E-011, D = 1.6043689E-013; the third lens 6 of the eyepiece group is coated with a hydrophobic film on the image side surface, so that the water resistance and the salt spray resistance of the product are improved; other optical elements are plated with high-performance optical films, so that the energy receiving efficiency of an optical system is greatly improved, and the detection and the identification of targets are facilitated.
The interval between each optical element in the ocular group is 0.2mm and 0.2mm respectively, and the back intercept is 14 mm.
The optical parameters of the ocular lens group are as follows: the focal length is 22.5mm, the diameter of the exit pupil is not less than 5mm, the distance of the exit pupil is not less than 40mm, the adjusting range of the visual acuity is-5 SD to +2SD, the total optical length is not more than 32mm, and the weight is not more than 29 g.
The imaging quality of the optical system is evaluated mainly by MTF and point sequence diagrams, the MTF curves of the infrared objective lens group at the temperatures of-50 ℃, 20 ℃ and 70 ℃ are respectively shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the diffuse speckle distribution diagrams of the infrared objective lens group at the temperatures of-50 ℃, 20 ℃ and 70 ℃ are respectively shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, and the optical system has the advantages of good imaging quality, compact structure, small volume, strong engineering realizability and practical application value.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not for the limitation of the concept and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An athermal infrared collimator optical system comprises an infrared objective lens group and an objective lens group, wherein the infrared objective lens group realizes athermalization by adopting an optical passive method, and comprises an objective lens first lens (1), an objective lens second lens (2) and an objective lens third lens (3); the eyepiece group comprises an eyepiece first lens (4), an eyepiece second lens (5) and an eyepiece third lens (6); the object space surface of the first lens (1) of the objective lens is plated with a diamond-like carbon film, the focal power of the third lens (3) of the objective lens is 0.014944, the center thickness is 3.4mm, the front surface is spherical, the curvature radius is 52.72, the substrate of the rear surface is an aspheric diffraction surface, and the aspheric parameters are as follows: r =115.35, k =0, a =2.8184174E-006, B =6.2284853E-010, C =1.4537295E-011, D = -3.6627646E-014; the diffraction surface parameters are as follows: lambda [ alpha ]0=9.9 μm, standard radius R =10mm, phase coefficient H1=-40.932402，H2= -33.582941; the image side surface of the eyepiece third lens (6) is plated with a hydrophobic film, the focal power of the eyepiece third lens (6) is 0.01839, the center thickness is 4.4mm, the material is low melting point D-ZK3, the front surface is a spherical surface, the curvature radius is 35.86, the rear surface is an aspheric surface, and the aspheric surface parameters are as follows: r = -542.9, k =0, a = -1.1315436E-005, B =2.4497096E-009, C = -3.5379367E-011, D =1.6043689E-013。
2. The athermal infrared collimator optical system of claim 1, wherein the optical parameters of the infrared objective lens set are as follows: the wave band range is 8-12 μm, the focal length is 70mm, the field of view is not less than 10 degrees multiplied by 8 degrees, the F # is 1, the image plane size is 12.8mm multiplied by 10.24mm, the optical total length is not more than 75mm, and the weight is not more than 100 g.
3. The athermal infrared collimator optical system of claim 1, wherein the optical parameters of the eyepiece set are as follows: the focal length is 22.5mm, the diameter of the exit pupil is not less than 5mm, the distance of the exit pupil is not less than 40mm, the adjusting range of the visual acuity is-5 SD to +2SD, the total optical length is not more than 32mm, and the weight is not more than 29 g.
4. The athermal infrared collimator optical system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the objective first lens (1) has an optical power of 0.014488, a center thickness of 6mm, a spherical front surface, a radius of curvature of 60.97, and an even aspheric back surface, and the aspheric parameters are: r =79.98, k =0, a =3.84553E-008, B =3.86441E-012, C =2.171E-015, D = -3.38722E-019.
5. The athermal infrared collimator optical system of claim 4, wherein the objective second lens (2) has a power of-0.012075, a center thickness of 2.8mm, a spherical front surface with a radius of curvature of 24.825, an even aspheric back surface, and aspheric parameters: r =19.11, k =0, a =3.85537E-006, B =3.940221E-008, C = -1.86088E-010, D = 1.16213E-012.
6. The athermal infrared collimator optical system of claim 5, wherein the separation between the optical elements in the infrared objective set is 40.68mm and 11.6mm, respectively, and the back intercept is 9.78 mm.
7. The athermal infrared collimator optical system of claim 1 or 3, wherein said eyepiece first lens (4) is a cemented element with optical power of 0.034561 and-0.018144, respectively, center thickness of 8mm and 2mm, respectively, radius of curvature of-121.32, -16.03 and-25.85, respectively, and materials of crown glass and heavy flint glass, respectively.
8. The athermal infrared sight optical system of claim 7, wherein said eyepiece second lens (5) has a power of 0.011007, a center thickness of 3.5mm, a radius of curvature of 542.9 and-62.74, and is made of crown glass.
9. The athermal infrared collimator optical system of claim 8, wherein the separation between the optical elements in the eyepiece set is 0.2mm and 0.2mm, respectively, and the back intercept is 14 mm.
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