CN114200081A - Dust suppression efficiency measuring device and measuring method for dust suppressant - Google Patents
Dust suppression efficiency measuring device and measuring method for dust suppressant Download PDFInfo
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- CN114200081A CN114200081A CN202111462247.1A CN202111462247A CN114200081A CN 114200081 A CN114200081 A CN 114200081A CN 202111462247 A CN202111462247 A CN 202111462247A CN 114200081 A CN114200081 A CN 114200081A
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 316
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 86
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 69
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 62
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0062—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the measuring method or the display, e.g. intermittent measurement or digital display
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a dust suppression agent dust suppression efficiency measuring device and measuring method, belong to the technical field that the dust suppression agent dust suppression efficiency was surveyd, wherein, dust suppression agent dust suppression efficiency measuring device includes the experimental box, establish the sample bearing mechanism who is used for placing the raise dust sample in the experimental box, establish the raise dust mechanism who is used for making the raise dust sample on the sample bearing mechanism form the dust in the experimental box, the leakage fluid dram communicates with the experimental box inlet and is used for spraying liquid to the raise dust sample in the experimental box on the confession liquid mechanism, establish the dust detector who is used for real-time supervision dust concentration in the experimental box, and with raise dust mechanism, confession liquid mechanism and the control mechanism that the dust detector electricity is connected. The method has the advantage of improving the accuracy of the dust suppression efficiency measurement result of the dust suppressant.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of dust suppression efficiency determination of dust suppressants, in particular to a dust suppression efficiency determination device and a determination method of the dust suppression efficiency determination device.
Background
At present, the control means for building construction dust emission mainly comprises watering dust fall, covering dust fall, dry fog dust fall, fog gun dust fall and the like. The water spraying and dust falling mechanism is that water mist is attached to dust particles, the moisture content of the dust is increased, the relative density of the dust is increased, and the purpose of suppressing the dust is achieved.
In the related technology, the chemical dust suppressant taking MgCl2 and CaCl2 as main materials has high dust suppression efficiency, but has the phenomena of single performance and salinization of soil, so the determination of the dust suppression efficiency of the new dust suppressant is particularly important, and the most main detection item in the dust suppression efficiency detection items of the dust suppressant is the determination of the dust suppression rate under general conditions. The commonly used measuring method is to carry out detection outdoors, and the outdoor uncontrollable factors are too many, so that the variability of many factors influencing the accuracy of the measuring result is too large, and the accuracy of the measuring result is easy to cause.
Therefore, there is a need for a dust suppression efficiency measuring apparatus and a measuring method for a dust suppression agent to improve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the accuracy of the measurement result of the dust suppression efficiency of the dust suppressant, the application provides a device and a method for measuring the dust suppression efficiency of the dust suppressant.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a dust suppression agent dust suppression efficiency measurement apparatus, including:
an experimental box;
the sample bearing mechanism is arranged in the experiment box and used for placing a dust sample;
the dust raising mechanism is arranged in the experiment box and is used for enabling the dust raising sample on the sample bearing mechanism to form dust;
the liquid supply mechanism is provided with a liquid outlet communicated with the liquid inlet of the experiment box and used for spraying liquid on the dust sample in the experiment box;
the dust detector is arranged in the experiment box and used for monitoring the dust concentration in the experiment box in real time; and
and the control mechanism is electrically connected with the dust raising mechanism, the liquid supply mechanism and the dust detector.
By adopting the technical scheme, the dust suppression agent dust suppression efficiency is measured in the experiment box, the dust emission, the dust concentration detection and the spraying of the dust suppression agent solution can be controlled by the control mechanism, so that the factors influencing the dust suppression efficiency of the dust suppression agent do not change greatly in the experiment box, and the factors can be quantized better, thereby the accuracy of the measurement result is higher.
Optionally, the sample carrying mechanism includes a carrying bracket disposed on the bottom surface of the experiment box, a tray disposed on the top of the carrying bracket, and a driving assembly disposed in the experiment box for driving the carrying bracket to rotate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because dust suppressant solution is sprayed the raise dust sample on the surface, if one side of raise dust sample receives the blow-off of raise dust mechanism, then subsequent testing result accuracy also can reduce, can drive the carrier bracket rotation after the drive assembly starts, the tray that sets up on the carrier bracket also takes place to rotate along with it, the effect that receives the raise dust mechanism that makes the surface all directions of raise dust sample can both be even, makes the measured data more accurate.
Optionally, the dust raising mechanism comprises a fan arranged in the experiment box and positioned at one side of the sample bearing mechanism and an air speed tester arranged in the experiment box;
the anemometer is positioned between the sample bearing mechanism and the fan.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the fan can produce the wind that the erosion raise dust sample, and the anemometry appearance is used for detecting wind-force size to make the wind speed set to predetermined size, reduced because of the wind speed change with the wind direction change lead to the raise dust effect different, and then make the testing result more accurate.
Optionally, the liquid supply mechanism comprises a liquid supply box, a spray head arranged on the inner top surface of the experiment box, a liquid discharge pipeline with two ends respectively communicated with the liquid supply box and the spray head, a water pump arranged on the liquid discharge pipeline, a flow meter arranged on the liquid discharge pipeline, and a pressure valve arranged on the liquid discharge pipeline;
and a liquid level meter is arranged on the inner top surface of the liquid supply box.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the level gauge is convenient for personnel to monitor the liquid level of dust suppressant solution or water in the liquid supply tank to in time supply, avoid many times survey in-process dust suppressant solution or the quantity of water not enough, influence the effect.
Optionally, the control mechanism includes a first control panel and a second control panel;
the first control panel is electrically connected with the dust raising mechanism and the liquid supply mechanism, and the second control panel is electrically connected with the dust detector and used for displaying the dust concentration in the experiment box in real time.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first control panel is used for controlling raise dust mechanism and supplies liquid mechanism to start, and the second control panel is used for observing dust concentration, makes the operation mutual noninterference between first control panel and the second control panel, makes work efficiency improve.
Optionally, a plurality of heaters are installed on the inner wall of the experimental box.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the temperature in enabling the experimental box of heater set up rises fast, carries out fast drying to the raise dust sample in the experimental box, reduces whole dust suppressant and presses down the length of time of dirt efficiency measurement process.
Optionally, the experimental box is provided with an exhaust pipe for discharging water vapor, an air inlet of the exhaust pipe is provided with an electrically controlled flap valve, and an air outlet of the exhaust pipe is connected with an axial flow fan;
and an air outlet of the axial flow fan is communicated with an air inlet of an external dust removal device through a pipeline.
By adopting the technical scheme, after the electric control flap valve and the axial flow fan are started, the water vapor or dust in the experimental box can be extracted, and the influence of the water vapor or dust on the measurement precision is avoided.
Optionally, the device further comprises a base frame for placing the experiment box and the liquid supply mechanism.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of base frame enables whole survey device's integrated level higher, removes more convenient and fast.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a method for measuring dust suppression efficiency of a dust suppressant, using the apparatus for measuring dust suppression efficiency of a dust suppressant, comprising the steps of:
opening the experiment box, and placing the screened dust sample on a tray;
opening a fan, blowing and eroding the dust sample for a certain time at a preset air speed, then closing the fan, reading and recording the dust concentration P at the moment from a second control panel through the measurement of a dust detector, then taking out the dust sample on the tray, replacing a new dust sample, then opening an electric control flap valve and starting an axial flow fan to enable the dust to be drawn out of the experiment box;
the control mechanism is adjusted to ensure that the dust suppressant in the liquid supply tank enters the spray head from the liquid discharge pipeline under the pumping action of the water pump and is sprayed onto the surface of the dust sample in the experiment box;
starting a heater, and drying the dust sample sprayed with the dust suppressant;
closing the heater, opening the electric control flap valve and starting the axial flow fan to extract the water vapor in the experiment box;
turning on a fan, blowing and eroding the dust sample for a certain time at a preset wind speed, then turning off the fan, reading and recording the dust concentration P1 from the second control panel again through the measurement of a dust detector, and then calculating to obtain the dust suppression rate Q = (P1/P). times.100%;
and opening the electric control flap valve and starting the axial flow fan to extract the dust in the experiment box.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, use the measuring device that this application provided a dust suppressant presses down dirt efficiency to carry out the survey that presses down dirt agent and press down dirt efficiency, can avoid the factor influence testing result of environment, make the testing result more accurate.
Optionally, the determination method further comprises the following steps:
after the dust suppression rate Q is obtained, taking out the tray, and carrying out consolidation hardness measurement on the surface of the dust sample on the tray to obtain consolidation hardness M of the inhibitor which is not subjected to rain erosion cycle;
the control mechanism is adjusted to ensure that water in the liquid supply tank enters the spray head from the liquid discharge pipeline under the pumping action of the water pump and is sprayed onto the surface of the dust sample in the experiment box;
the control mechanism is used for controlling the water pump to enable the water amount sprayed from the spray head to reach the standard simulation rainfall amount through the readings of the liquid level meter and the flow meter;
closing the liquid supply mechanism, starting the heater, and drying the dust sample sprayed with water;
closing the heater, opening the electric control flap valve and starting the axial flow fan to extract the water vapor in the experiment box;
and (3) taking the tray out of the experimental box, measuring the consolidation hardness of the surface of the dust raising sample on the tray to obtain the consolidation hardness M1 of the dust suppressant subjected to rain erosion circulation, and calculating to obtain the rain erosion rate E = (M1/M). times.100%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the dust suppression agent dust suppression efficiency measuring device provided by the application can be used for measuring the dust suppression rate in the dust suppression efficiency of the dust suppression agent and measuring the rain erosion rate in the dust suppression efficiency of the dust suppression agent, so that the measuring result is more comprehensive.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the dust suppression efficiency of the dust suppressant is measured in the experiment box, and the dust raising, the dust concentration detection and the spraying of the dust suppressant solution can be controlled by the control mechanism, so that the factors influencing the dust suppression efficiency of the dust suppressant do not change greatly in the experiment box, and can be quantized better, and the accuracy of the measurement result is higher;
2. the arrangement of the heater can quickly raise the temperature in the experiment box, quickly dry the dust sample in the experiment box and reduce the time length of the whole dust suppression efficiency measuring process of the dust suppressant;
3. by using the device for measuring the dust suppression efficiency of the dust suppressant, the dust suppression rate of the dust suppressant can be measured, and the rain erosion rate in the dust suppression efficiency of the dust suppressant can be measured, so that the measurement result is more comprehensive.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a dust suppression efficiency measurement device for a dust suppression agent according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken to show the internal structures of the liquid supply tank and the laboratory tank.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the entire structure of the sample support mechanism in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken to show the inner structure of the exhaust pipe in the embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the steps of a method for determining dust suppression efficiency of a dust suppressant disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of steps of a method for measuring the rain erosion resistance, which is disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
Description of reference numerals:
1. an experimental box; 100. a liquid inlet; 101. a door panel; 102. a liquid discharge pipe; 103. a valve; 11. a heater; 13. an exhaust pipe; 131. an air inlet; 132. an exhaust port; 14. an electric control flap valve; 15. an axial flow fan; 151. an air outlet; 16. a water diversion pipe;
2. a sample carrying mechanism; 21. a load bearing bracket; 211. a rotating shaft; 212. a bracket; 22. a tray; 23. a drive assembly; 231. a drive motor; 232. a coupling;
3. a dust raising mechanism; 31. a fan; 32. an anemometer;
4. a liquid supply mechanism; 400. a liquid discharge port; 41. a liquid supply tank; 411. a liquid level meter; 412. a box cover; 413. a water valve; 414. a partition plate; 42. a spray head; 43. a liquid discharge conduit; 431. branch pipelines; 432. an electrically controlled ball valve; 44. a water pump; 45. a flow meter; 46. a pressure valve;
5. a dust detector;
6. a control mechanism; 61. a first control panel; 62. a second control panel;
7. a base frame; 71. a traveling wheel; 72. a handle.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-6.
Generally, in order to know the dust suppression efficiency of the dust suppressant more comprehensively and accurately, the dust suppression rate, the dust suppressant solidification hardness and the rain erosion rate are often carried out, so that the dust suppression efficiency of the dust suppressant after being eroded by rainwater can be known. Therefore, the embodiment of the application discloses a device and a method for measuring the dust suppression efficiency of a dust suppressant.
The embodiment of the application discloses a dust suppression agent dust suppression efficiency measuring device, please refer to fig. 1 and 2, and the measuring device comprises an experimental box 1, a sample bearing mechanism 2, a dust raising mechanism 3, a liquid supply mechanism 4, a dust detector 5 and a control mechanism 6. Wherein, sample load bearing mechanism 2 is installed in experimental box 1 for place the raise dust sample. The dust raising mechanism 3 is arranged in the experiment box 1 and is used for enabling the dust raising samples placed on the sample bearing mechanism 2 to form dust. The liquid outlet 400 of the liquid supply mechanism 4 is communicated with the liquid inlet 100 of the experiment box 1, and is used for spraying liquid, which can be dust suppressant solution or water, on the dust sample in the experiment box 1. The dust detector 5 is arranged on the top surface in the experiment box 1 and used for detecting the dust concentration in the experiment box 1 in real time. The control mechanism 6 is electrically connected with the dust raising mechanism 3, the liquid supply mechanism 4 and the dust detector 5 through leads and is used for controlling the start of the dust raising mechanism 3 and the liquid supply mechanism 4, and after dust is generated in the experiment box 1, the dust detector 5 transmits the detected dust concentration to the control mechanism 6, so that a measurer obtains corresponding measurement data and completes the related measurement of the dust suppression efficiency of the dust suppressant.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the experiment box 1 may be a rectangular box structure, in order to conveniently take and place the dust sample, a door plate 101 which is convenient to open and close is installed at the top of the experiment box 1, and the door plate 101 and the experiment box 1 may be hinged by a hinge. In a possible embodiment of the present application, the door 101 may be made of glass to facilitate the observation of dust in the laboratory box 1. As the dust suppressant solution or water is sprayed into the experiment box 1, in order to facilitate the discharge of the redundant dust suppressant solution or water, a drain pipe 102 for draining is arranged at a position of the experiment box 1 close to the bottom, a valve 103 is arranged on the drain pipe 102, the valve 103 can be a ball valve, when the liquid needs to be drained, the valve 103 is opened, otherwise, the valve 103 is closed.
In other embodiments of the present application, in order to dry the dust sample which has been sprayed with the dust suppressant solution or water more rapidly, the heater 11 is installed in the experiment box 1, the heater 11 may be an electric heating plate, and the number of the heaters 11 may be four, and the heaters 11 are respectively installed on four inner sides of the experiment box 1 in a bolt connection manner, and the heater 11 may be electrically connected to the control mechanism 6 through a wire, generally, the heater 11 can raise the temperature in the experiment box 1 to accelerate the drying process of the dust sample, because the dust suppressant solution or water can make the adhesion of the dust sample greater, and further make the dust concentration in the experiment box 1 lower, the measurement result of the dust suppression efficiency of the whole dust suppressant can be more accurate after drying.
Further, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, in order to improve the accuracy of the measurement result, the experiment box 1 is further provided with the exhaust pipe 13, the air inlet 131 of the exhaust pipe 13 is provided with the electrically controlled flap valve 14, the exhaust port 132 of the exhaust pipe 13 is provided with the axial flow fan 15 in a flange connection or threaded connection manner, the air outlet 151 of the axial flow fan 15 is communicated with the air inlet of an external dust removing device, the external dust removing device may be a bag-type dust collector, and both the electrically controlled flap valve 14 and the axial flow fan 15 may be electrically connected with the control mechanism 6 through a wire. When the vapor in the experimental box 1 increases, the control mechanism 6 controls the axial flow fan 15 to start, and meanwhile, the electric control flap valve 14 is opened, then the vapor is drawn away under the action of air negative pressure, and then the electric control flap valve 14 and the axial flow fan 15 are controlled to close, so that the phenomenon that the vapor is liquefied and attached to dust particles to influence the dust concentration detection result after the temperature in the experimental box 1 is reduced can be avoided.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the sample carrying mechanism 2 includes a carrying bracket 21, a tray 22 and a driving assembly 23, wherein the carrying bracket 21 is disposed on the inner bottom surface of the experiment box 1, the carrying bracket 21 is composed of a rotating shaft 211 and a bracket 212 disposed at the top end of the rotating shaft 211, the rotating shaft 211 is fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the driving assembly 23, the bracket 212 is formed by welding a plurality of metal rods to form a tapered frame with a downward gradually decreasing opening size, the tray 22 is fixedly mounted on the top of the bracket 212 in a pin connection manner for easy detachment, and the driving assembly 23 is mounted on the inner bottom surface of the experiment box 1 for driving the carrying bracket 21 to rotate, so that each part of the dust sample placed on the tray 22 is blown and eroded by wind.
In this embodiment, the driving assembly 23 may be composed of a driving motor 231 and a coupling 232, the driving motor 231 may be a speed-adjusting motor and electrically connected to the control mechanism 6 through a wire, the driving motor 231 may be fixedly mounted on the inner bottom surface of the experimental box 1 by a bolt connection, the bottom end of the rotating shaft 211 of the bearing bracket 21 is fixedly connected to the coupling 232, and when the bearing bracket 21 rotates, the tray 22 also rotates.
Referring to fig. 2, the dust raising mechanism 3 includes a fan 31 and an anemometer 32, and both the fan 31 and the anemometer 32 are electrically connected to the control mechanism 6 through wires. The fan 31 may be a variable frequency fan and is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the experiment box 1 by means of bolts so as to adjust the wind power. The anemometer 32 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the experimental box 1 by means of bolts, the anemometer 32 is located between the fan 31 and the sample support mechanism 2, and the probe of the anemometer 32 is located in the path of the air flow generated by the fan 31 for measuring the wind speed.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the liquid supply mechanism 4 is used for spraying dust suppressant solution or water into the experiment box 1, and the liquid supply mechanism 4 includes a liquid supply box 41, a spray head 42, a liquid discharge pipeline 43, a water pump 44, a flow meter 45 and a pressure valve 46. Wherein, the liquid supply box 41 can be a rectangular box structure, the side of the liquid supply box 41 is abutted against the side of the experimental box 1, and the liquid outlet 400 on the liquid supply box 41 is communicated with the liquid inlet 100 of the experimental box 1 for storing dust suppressant solution or water, in order to observe the amount of the dust suppressant solution or water in the liquid supply box 41, a liquid level gauge 411 is installed on the top surface in the liquid supply box 41, and the other end of the liquid level gauge 411 is inserted into the dust suppressant solution or water downwards. In order to facilitate the addition of dust suppressant solution or water to the liquid supply tank 41, a tank cover 412 is screwed to the top surface of the liquid supply tank 41, and in order to facilitate the cleaning of the liquid supply tank 41, a water valve 413 communicating with the inside of the liquid supply tank 41 is further installed at the bottom of the liquid supply tank 41.
In other possible embodiments of the present application, in order to avoid the problem that the process of replacing the dust suppressant solution with water takes a lot of time after the dust suppressant solution is used up, thereby affecting the measurement efficiency, a partition 414 is provided in the liquid supply tank 41, the partition 414 divides the liquid storage space inside the liquid supply tank 41 into two liquid storage spaces for storing the dust suppressant solution and water, for this purpose, the liquid drainage pipeline 43 between the water pump 44 and the liquid supply tank 41 may be two branch pipelines 431, which respectively penetrate through two liquid inlets 400 formed on the top surface of the liquid supply tank 41 and then extend into the two liquid storage spaces in the liquid supply tank 41, and the two branch pipelines 431 are respectively provided with an electric control ball valve 432, and the electric control ball valve 432 is electrically connected with the control mechanism 6 through a wire.
The spray heads 42 can be fixedly installed on the water distribution pipe 16 in the experimental box 1 by adopting a threaded connection mode, the water distribution pipe 16 can be fixedly installed on the top surface in the experimental box 1 by adopting a pipe hoop and a screw, the number of the spray heads 42 can be multiple, and the spray heads 42 are positioned above the sample bearing mechanism 2.
The liquid drainage pipeline 43 can be made of PVC pipe, one end of the liquid drainage pipeline 43 passes through the liquid outlet 400 on the top surface of the liquid supply box 41 and penetrates into the liquid supply box 41, and the other end of the liquid drainage pipeline 43 passes through the liquid inlet 100 on the top surface of the experimental box 1 and penetrates into the liquid supply box 41, and then is fixedly connected with the water diversion pipe 16.
The water pump 44 may be a high pressure water pump, the water pump 44 may be fixedly mounted on the top surface of the liquid supply tank 41 or the experiment box 1 by means of bolts, in this embodiment, the water pump 44 may be raised by a cork block so as to have an electrically controlled ball valve 432 mounted on the liquid discharge pipeline 43 between the water pump 44 and the liquid supply tank 41.
The flowmeter 45 can adopt an electromagnetic flowmeter, the flowmeter 45 can be fixedly installed on the liquid drainage pipeline 43 between the experimental box 1 and the water pump 44 in a threaded connection mode, and the flowmeter 45 is electrically connected with the control mechanism 6 and used for monitoring the flow of liquid flowing through the liquid drainage pipeline 43 and transmitting data to the control mechanism 6 so as to be manually observed and control the using amount of dust suppressant solution or water according to the observation result in the later period.
The pressure valve 46 is arranged to allow an operator to control the amount of flow in the drainage 43 directly by adjusting the pressure valve 46, the pressure valve 46 may be fixedly mounted on the drainage 43 by means of a screw connection, and the pressure valve 46 may be mounted between the flow meter 45 and the experimental box 1.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the dust detector 5 may be an online continuous monitoring dust meter for monitoring the dust concentration in the experiment box 1. The dust detector 5 can be electrically connected with the control mechanism 6 by adopting a conducting wire and is used for transmitting the dust concentration data in the detection experiment box 1 to the control mechanism 6.
Referring to fig. 1, the control mechanism 6 may be fixed on the outer side surface of the liquid supply tank 41 by a bolt connection, and the control mechanism 6 includes a first control panel 61 and a second control panel 62. The first control panel 61 can be composed of a PLC programmable controller and control buttons, and is used for controlling the start and stop of the whole dust suppression agent dust suppression efficiency measuring device, the second control panel 62 is arranged adjacent to the first control panel 61, the second control panel 62 is composed of a controller and a display, the second control panel 62 is electrically connected with the first control panel 61 through a lead, the second control panel 62 is electrically connected with the dust detector 5 through a lead, and the second control panel 62 is used for displaying the dust concentration detected by the dust detector 5.
In other possible embodiments of the present application, please refer to fig. 1 and 2, in order to make the whole dust suppression agent dust suppression efficiency measuring device move more conveniently and quickly, a base frame 7 for placing the experiment box 1 and the liquid supply box 41 is further provided, the base frame 7 may be a rectangular frame, a plurality of walking wheels 71 may be installed at the bottom of the base frame 7 in a bolt connection manner, the walking wheels 71 may be universal brake casters, and a handle 72 is further provided at a position on the base frame 7 near the top, so as to facilitate manual pushing. Both the experiment box 1 and the liquid supply box 41 in the liquid supply mechanism 4 can be fixedly arranged on the base frame 7 by bolts and angle irons.
The embodiment of the present application further discloses a method for measuring dust suppression efficiency of a dust suppressant, which uses the device for measuring dust suppression efficiency of a dust suppressant disclosed in the above embodiment, please refer to fig. 5, and the method comprises the following steps:
opening the experiment box 1, and placing the screened dust sample on a tray 22;
first, the door 101 made of glass on the experimental box 1 was opened, and then the dust sample sieved through the one hundred mesh standard sieve was received in a quantitative container and turned upside down on the upper surface of the tray 22, so that the dust sample formed a sample pile on the tray 22.
Turning on the fan 31, blowing and eroding the raise dust sample for a certain time at a preset wind speed, then turning off the fan 31, and reading and recording the dust concentration P at the moment from the second control panel 62 through the measurement of the dust detector 5;
then the first control panel 61 is used for controlling the fan 31 to be opened, the wind power grade of the fan 31 is adjusted to be 8 grade, namely the wind speed is between 17.2 meters per second and 20.7 meters per second, the sample pile is blown and eroded for 20 minutes by the wind generated by the fan 31, then the fan 31 is closed, at this time, the dust concentration in the experiment box 1 at this time is read as P from the second control panel 62 manually through the monitoring of the dust detector 5, then the electrically controlled flap valve 14 and the axial flow fan 15 are opened by using the first control panel 61, the dust in the experiment box 1 is pumped out under the action of the wind pressure, and finally the dust sample remained on the tray 22 is taken out and replaced by a new dust sample.
The control mechanism 6 is adjusted to enable the dust suppressant in the liquid supply tank 41 to enter the spray head 42 from the liquid discharge pipeline 43 under the pumping action of the water pump 44 and be sprayed onto the surface of the dust sample in the experiment box 1;
the first control panel 61 in the control mechanism 6 is adjusted to make the dust suppressant in the liquid supply tank 41 enter the spray head 42 from the liquid discharge pipeline under the pumping action of the water pump 44, then the dust suppressant solution is sprayed from the spray head 42 to the surface of the dust sample on the tray 22, in the process, the usage amount of the dust suppressant solution is determined through the flow meter 45 and the liquid level meter 411, and after the specified spraying amount is reached, the water pump 44 is closed.
Starting the heater 11, and drying the dust sample sprayed with the dust suppressant;
and (3) starting the heater 11 to increase the temperature in the experiment box 1, wherein the temperature in the experiment box 1 is 40 degrees under the general condition, and the dust sample sprayed with the dust suppressant is dried for 40 minutes.
The heater 11 is closed, the electric control flap valve 14 is opened, the axial flow fan 15 is started, and the water vapor in the experiment box 1 is extracted;
and after the dust sample is dried, the heater 11 is closed, the electric control flap valve 14 is opened, the axial flow fan 15 is started, and the water vapor in the experiment box 1 is extracted from the experiment box 1 under the action of air negative pressure.
Turning on the fan 31, blowing and eroding the raise dust sample for a certain time at a preset wind speed, then turning off the fan 31, reading and recording the dust concentration P1 from the second control panel 62 again through the measurement of the dust detector 5, and then calculating to obtain the dust suppression rate Q = (P1/P). times.100%;
and opening the electric control flap valve 14 and starting the axial flow fan 15 to draw out the dust in the experiment box 1.
Referring to fig. 5, in another possible embodiment of the present application, the dust suppression efficiency measuring apparatus of the dust suppression agent in the above embodiment can also be used for measuring the rain erosion resistance of the dust suppression agent solution, and therefore, the measuring method further includes the following steps:
after the dust suppression rate Q is obtained, taking out the tray 22, and carrying out consolidation hardness measurement on the surface of the dust sample on the tray 22 to obtain consolidation hardness M of the inhibitor which is not subjected to rain erosion cycle;
after the dust suppression rate Q is calculated, the tray 22 is taken out from the experiment box 1, the consolidation hardness of the surface of the dust sample on the tray 22 can be measured by using a shore durometer, the consolidation hardness M of the inhibitor which is not subjected to the rain erosion circulation action at the moment is obtained and recorded, then the tray 22 is put back on the bearing bracket 21, and the experiment box 1 is closed.
The control mechanism 6 is adjusted to enable water in the liquid supply tank 41 to enter the spray head 42 from the liquid discharge pipeline 43 under the pumping action of the water pump 44 and be sprayed on the surface of the dust sample in the experiment box 1;
and (3) opening the control mechanism 6, starting the water pump 44, closing one of the electric control ball valves 432 on the liquid discharge pipeline 43, and opening the other electric control ball valve 432, so that the water in the liquid supply tank 41 enters the spray head 42 from the liquid discharge pipeline 43 under the pumping of the water pump 44 and is sprayed on the surface of the dust sample in the experiment box 1.
The control mechanism 6 controls the water pump 44 to make the amount of water sprayed from the spray head 42 reach a standard simulated rainfall through the readings of the liquid level meter 411 and the flow meter 45, generally, the simulated rainfall intensity is a heavy rainfall standard, namely, the rainfall is between 25 mm per day and 50 mm per day, and the water pump 44 is turned off after the spraying time is generally 20 minutes.
Closing the liquid supply mechanism 4, starting the heater 11, and drying the dust sample sprayed with water;
and (3) closing the liquid supply mechanism 4 by using the control mechanism 6, starting a heater in the experimental box 1, and drying the rained dust sample, wherein the drying temperature can be 40 ℃, and the drying time is generally 40 minutes.
The heater 11 is closed, the electric control flap valve 14 is opened, the axial flow fan 15 is started, and the water vapor in the experiment box 1 is extracted;
the tray 22 was taken out from the experimental box 1, and then the consolidation hardness of the dust sample surface on the tray 22 was measured to obtain the consolidation hardness M1 of the dust suppressant subjected to the rain erosion cycle, and then the rain erosion rate E = (M1/M) × 100% was calculated.
In a possible embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned step of measuring the rain erosion rate E may be repeated to obtain a plurality of sets of dust suppressant consolidation hardness Mn (n is a natural number greater than 1), and a plurality of rain erosion rates En (n is a natural number greater than 1) may be calculated, so that a plurality of rain erosion cycles may be performed, and the dust suppressant dust suppression efficiency measuring device may be used to measure the attenuation of the consolidation strength of the dust suppressant.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A dust suppressing agent dust suppression efficiency measuring apparatus is characterized by comprising:
an experimental box (1);
the sample bearing mechanism (2) is arranged in the experiment box (1) and used for placing a dust sample;
the dust raising mechanism (3) is arranged in the experiment box (1) and is used for enabling the dust raising sample on the sample bearing mechanism (2) to form dust;
the liquid supply mechanism (4) is communicated with the liquid inlet (100) of the experiment box (1) through a liquid outlet (400) and is used for spraying liquid on the dust sample in the experiment box (1);
the dust detector (5) is arranged in the experiment box (1) and is used for monitoring the dust concentration in the experiment box (1) in real time; and
and the control mechanism (6) is electrically connected with the dust raising mechanism (3), the liquid supply mechanism (4) and the dust detector (5).
2. A dust suppressing agent dust suppressing efficiency measuring apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the sample bearing mechanism (2) comprises a bearing bracket (21) arranged on the inner bottom surface of the experiment box (1), a tray (22) arranged at the top of the bearing bracket (21) and a driving assembly (23) arranged in the experiment box (1) and used for driving the bearing bracket (21) to rotate.
3. A dust suppressing agent dust suppressing efficiency measuring apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the dust raising mechanism (3) comprises a fan (31) arranged in the experiment box (1) and positioned at one side of the sample bearing mechanism (2) and a wind speed measuring instrument (32) arranged in the experiment box (1);
the anemometer (32) is located between the sample support (2) and the fan (31).
4. A dust suppressing agent dust suppressing efficiency measuring apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the liquid supply mechanism (4) comprises a liquid supply box (41), a spray head (42) arranged on the inner top surface of the experiment box (1), a liquid discharge pipeline (43) with two ends respectively communicated with the liquid supply box (41) and the spray head (42), a water pump (44) arranged on the liquid discharge pipeline (43), a flow meter (45) arranged on the liquid discharge pipeline (43) and a pressure valve (46) arranged on the liquid discharge pipeline (43);
and a liquid level meter (411) is arranged on the inner top surface of the liquid supply tank (41).
5. A dust suppressing agent dust suppressing efficiency measuring apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the control mechanism (6) comprises a first control panel (61) and a second control panel (62);
the first control panel (61) is electrically connected with the dust raising mechanism (3) and the liquid supply mechanism (4), and the second control panel (62) is electrically connected with the dust detector (5) and used for displaying the dust concentration in the experiment box (1) in real time.
6. A dust suppressing agent dust suppressing efficiency measuring apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of heaters (11) are arranged on the inner wall of the experimental box (1).
7. A dust suppressing agent dust suppressing efficiency measuring apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: an exhaust pipe (13) for discharging water vapor or dust is arranged on the experiment box (1), an electric control flap valve (14) is arranged at an air inlet of the exhaust pipe (13), and an exhaust port of the exhaust pipe (13) is connected with an axial flow fan (15);
and an air outlet of the axial flow fan (15) is communicated with an air inlet of an external dust removal device through a pipeline.
8. A dust suppressing agent dust suppressing efficiency measuring apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the device also comprises a base frame (7) for placing the experimental box (1) and the liquid supply mechanism (4).
9. A method for measuring dust suppressing efficiency of a dust suppressing agent using the dust suppressing agent dust suppressing efficiency measuring apparatus as set forth in claim 8, characterized by comprising the steps of:
opening the experiment box (1), and placing the screened dust sample on a tray (22);
opening a fan (31), blowing and eroding the raise dust sample for a certain time at a preset air speed, then closing the fan (31), reading and recording the dust concentration P at the moment from a second control panel (62) through the measurement of a dust detector (5), then taking out the raise dust sample on a tray (22), replacing a new raise dust sample, then opening an electric control flap valve (14) and starting an axial flow fan (15) to enable the dust to be sucked out of the experiment box (1);
the control mechanism (6) is adjusted to enable the dust suppressant in the liquid supply box (41) to enter the spray head (42) from the liquid discharge pipeline (43) under the pumping action of the water pump (44) and be sprayed onto the surface of the dust sample in the experiment box (1);
starting a heater (11) to dry the dust sample sprayed with the dust suppressant;
the heater (11) is closed, the electric control flap valve (14) is opened, the axial flow fan (15) is started, and water vapor in the experiment box (1) is extracted;
turning on a fan (31), blowing and eroding a dust sample for a certain time at a preset wind speed, then turning off the fan (31), reading and recording the dust concentration P1 from a second control panel (62) again through the measurement of a dust detector (5), and then calculating to obtain a dust suppression rate Q = (P1/P). times.100%;
and opening the electric control flap valve (14) and starting the axial flow fan (15) to extract the dust in the experiment box (1).
10. A method as claimed in claim 9, further comprising the steps of:
after the dust suppression rate Q is obtained, taking out the tray (22), and carrying out consolidation hardness measurement on the surface of a dust sample on the tray (22) to obtain consolidation hardness M of the inhibitor which is not subjected to rain erosion circulation;
the control mechanism (6) is adjusted to enable water in the liquid supply box (41) to enter the spray head (42) from the liquid discharge pipeline (43) under the pumping action of the water pump (44) and be sprayed onto the surface of the dust sample in the experiment box (1);
the water pump (44) is controlled by the control mechanism (6) through the readings of the liquid level meter (411) and the flow meter (45) to ensure that the water sprayed from the spray head (42) reaches the standard simulated rainfall;
closing the liquid supply mechanism (4), starting the heater (11), and drying the dust sample sprayed with water;
the heater (11) is closed, the electric control flap valve (14) is opened, the axial flow fan (15) is started, and water vapor in the experiment box (1) is extracted;
the tray (22) is taken out from the experimental box (1), then the consolidation hardness of the surface of the dust raising sample on the tray (22) is measured to obtain the consolidation hardness M1 of the dust suppressant after rain erosion circulation, and then the rain erosion rate E = (M1/M). times.100% is calculated.
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