CN114196411A - Environment-friendly shield foaming agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly shield foaming agent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114196411A CN114196411A CN202111288914.9A CN202111288914A CN114196411A CN 114196411 A CN114196411 A CN 114196411A CN 202111288914 A CN202111288914 A CN 202111288914A CN 114196411 A CN114196411 A CN 114196411A
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- foaming agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
- C09K17/18—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds
- C09K17/32—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds of natural origin, e.g. cellulosic materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
- E21D9/0678—Adding additives, e.g. chemical compositions, to the slurry or the cuttings
- E21D9/0685—Foaming agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2103/00—Civil engineering use
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of shield construction, in particular to an environment-friendly shield foaming agent and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides an environment-friendly shield foaming agent, aiming at solving the problems that the foaming agent for a shield in the background art is low in foaming multiplying power and poor in foam stability, and the foaming multiplying power and the stability cannot be considered at the same time, and the problems that the existing foaming agent is poor in degradation performance and needs to be heated. The inventor firstly finds that the foaming ratio and the half-life time can be simultaneously improved and better performance improvement can be realized by simultaneously using the nonionic surfactant, the zwitterionic surfactant and the anionic surfactant. In addition, the prepared foaming agent for the shield has excellent degradation performance through the cooperation of the three surfactants, and the degradation rate is as high as 98%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield construction, in particular to an environment-friendly shield foaming agent and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
The prior art discloses some shield foaming agents, and the inventor finds that the following problems exist:
(1) the influence of soil friction of the foaming agent for the shield is pursued or the fluidity of the muck is improved, and the use stability of the foaming agent for the shield is neglected, so that the foaming agent for the shield needs to be added for many times in the use process, and the continuous construction can be realized.
(2) The existing foaming agent for the shield needs to be heated in the preparation process, is inconvenient in the outdoor production and use process, and influences the foaming performance of the foaming agent for the shield if the foaming agent is not heated.
(3) The foaming ratio of the foaming agent for the shield disclosed by some technologies is only about 20 times, the half-life time is short, and the more severe time requirement is provided for operation and construction. Or some foaming agents for the shield cannot give consideration to two performance indexes of foaming multiplying power and half-life time.
(4) In order to improve two performance indexes of foaming multiplying power and half-life time, a plurality of additives are often added into the existing foaming agent for the shield, but the foaming agent for the shield is poor in environmental protection performance and long in degradation time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an environment-friendly shield foaming agent, aiming at solving the problems of the existing foaming agent for the shield. The inventor firstly finds that the foaming ratio and the half-life time can be simultaneously improved and better performance improvement can be realized by simultaneously using the nonionic surfactant, the zwitterionic surfactant and the anionic surfactant. In addition, the prepared foaming agent for the shield has excellent degradation performance through the cooperation of the three surfactants, and the degradation rate is as high as 98%.
Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an environment-friendly shield foaming agent, which consists of a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a foam stabilizer, a thickening agent and deionized water.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of an environment-friendly shield foaming agent, which comprises the following steps: at room temperature, uniformly mixing the nonionic surfactant, the zwitterionic surfactant and the anionic surfactant in water, adding the foam stabilizer and the thickening agent, and stirring and mixing.
The third aspect of the invention provides an application of an environment-friendly shield foaming agent in shield construction.
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, a shield construction method is provided, which comprises using an environmentally friendly shield foaming agent for construction.
One or more of the technical schemes have the following beneficial effects:
1) the shield foaming agent disclosed by some schemes of the invention has excellent foaming performance and excellent biodegradability, the foaming ratio is 70-90, the half-life period is more than 60min, the biodegradation degree is 98%, in some more excellent schemes, the half-life period is more than 120min, the shield foaming agent can be naturally degraded within several days, and the shield foaming agent is non-toxic and harmless, does not influence the soil quality and the underground water of a construction area, and has good practical application value.
2) The inventor also finds in experiments that by simultaneously using a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant, the foaming ratio and the half-life time can be simultaneously improved, and better performance improvement is realized. In addition, the prepared foaming agent for the shield has excellent degradation performance through the cooperation of the three surfactants, and the degradation rate is as high as 98%. If other ingredients than the foam stabilizer and the thickener are added to the composition, these properties are rather deteriorated.
3) In some embodiments disclosed by the invention, the shield foaming agent with high foaming rate and long half-life time can be prepared in a specific three-surfactant, foam stabilizer and thickening agent system without heating.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental procedures, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, are generally carried out according to conventional conditions or according to conditions recommended by the manufacturers.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and it should be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The invention provides an environment-friendly shield foaming agent, aiming at solving the problems that the foaming agent for a shield in the background art is low in foaming multiplying power and poor in foam stability, and the foaming multiplying power and the stability cannot be considered at the same time, and the problems that the existing foaming agent is poor in degradation performance and needs to be heated. The inventor firstly finds that the foaming ratio and the half-life time can be simultaneously improved and better performance improvement can be realized by simultaneously using the nonionic surfactant, the zwitterionic surfactant and the anionic surfactant. In addition, through the cooperation of the three surfactants, the prepared foaming agent for the shield has excellent degradation performance, and the degradation rate is as high as 98%.
Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an environment-friendly shield foaming agent, which consists of a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a foam stabilizer, a thickening agent and deionized water.
Experiments show that the shield foaming agent has excellent foaming performance and excellent biodegradability, the foaming rate is 70-90, the half-life period is more than 60min, the biodegradation degree is 98%, in some more excellent schemes, the half-life period is more than 120min, the shield foaming agent can be naturally degraded within several days, and the shield foaming agent is non-toxic and harmless, cannot influence soil and underground water in a construction area, and therefore has good practical application value.
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the nonionic surfactant is 0.5% -1%, the zwitterionic surfactant is 0.7% -1.2%, the anionic surfactant is 3-8%, the foam stabilizer is 0.1% -0.4%, the thickening agent is 0.1% -0.5%, and the balance is deionized water.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the nonionic surfactant is selected from alkyl glycosides (APG) or plant polyoxyethylene polyolefinic ethers (NSF).
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the zwitterionic surfactant is selected from cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB) or lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB).
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the anionic surfactant is selected from sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate (AEC).
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the foam stabilizer is hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC).
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the thickener is Polyacrylamide (PAM).
Polyacrylamide is generally used as a thickener. The polyacrylamide solution has good cohesiveness, viscosity, water loss reduction, rheological property, lubricity, collapse prevention, rock carrying and shock absorption performance and natural degradation characteristics, so the polyacrylamide solution is a main choice of environment-friendly materials. The polyacrylamide is added into the solution to have certain viscosity, the foam generated has viscosity, and the stability of the foam can be improved, so that the improvement action time of the foam in a bad soil body is prolonged, and the improvement of the soil carrying capacity of the viscous foam can be more beneficial to the discharge of the residue soil in the spiral soil discharger in the shield.
It is desirable to add a foam stabilizer ingredient to the thickener to further improve foam stability. Foam stabilizers refer to surfactant materials that increase the stability of the foam. Foam stabilizers play a non-negligible role in foams. The foam generated by the water-based foam system only containing the foaming agent is not stable enough, if a single surfactant solution is used, the foamability is good, but the half-life period is generally short, and the stability requirement of the foam for the shield is difficult to meet, so that the foam stabilizer is required to be added for improving the stability of the foam. The mechanism is that the synergistic effect of the surfactants is utilized to enhance the interaction between surface adsorption molecules, so that the strength of the surface adsorption film is increased, and the stability of the foam is improved. According to the analysis of the foam stability mechanism, the stability of the foam mainly depends on the liquid drainage speed and the liquid film strength, and in the aspect of the liquid drainage rate, the liquid phase viscosity of the foam can be increased by adding water-soluble high molecular polymers such as carboxyethyl cellulose and the like into the foaming agent solution, so that the foam drainage rate is reduced, and the foam stability is improved.
Experiments show that the matching effect of the plant polyene phenol polyoxyethylene ether (NSF) and the lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB) is better than the matching effect of the alkyl glycoside (APG) and the lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB), and the foaming ratio is up to 78.8, the half-life period is 69.0min, and the biodegradation degree is 98% in the scheme of matching the plant polyene phenol polyoxyethylene ether (NSF) and the lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB). In the scheme of matching alkyl glycoside (APG) and lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB), the foaming ratio is only 55.6, and the half-life period is only 47.5 min.
In some more specific embodiments, 0.5% to 0.6% nonionic surfactant, 0.9% to 1.0% zwitterionic surfactant, 3.5% to 5% anionic surfactant, 0.27% to 0.4% foam stabilizer, 0.3% to 0.5% thickener, and the balance deionized water.
In the research process, the prepared foaming agent for the shield has the foaming multiplying power and stability when the following formula is selected as the foaming agent for the shield:
(1) foaming agent: APG-0.5%, CAB-0.9%, AEC-3.5%;
foam stabilizer: HEC-0.27%;
thickening agent: PAM-0.3%;
deionized water: 94.53 percent.
(2) Foaming agent: NSF-0.5%, LAB-0.9%, AEC-3.5%;
foam stabilizer: HEC-0.27%;
thickening agent: PAM-0.3%;
deionized water: 94.53 percent.
(3) Foaming agent: APG-0.6%, LAB-1.0%, AEC-5%;
foam stabilizer: HEC-0.4%;
thickening agent: PAM-0.5%;
deionized water: 92.5 percent.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of an environment-friendly shield foaming agent, which comprises the following steps: at room temperature, uniformly mixing the nonionic surfactant, the zwitterionic surfactant and the anionic surfactant in water, adding the foam stabilizer and the thickening agent, and stirring and mixing.
The existing preparation method of the foaming agent for the shield generally dissolves raw materials in water and then needs to be heated to 50-60 ℃ to prepare the foaming agent, but long-term experimental research shows that the prepared foaming agent for the shield can have two performances of foaming multiplying power and foam stability at room temperature and is higher than the records of the prior art. Namely, the inventor finds a simpler preparation method of the foaming agent for the shield with better effect.
In one or more embodiments, the normal temperature is 20 to 35 ℃.
More specifically, the preparation method of the shield foaming agent comprises the following steps: adding alkyl glycoside (APG) or plant polyene phenol polyoxyethylene ether (NSF) into deionized water, stirring and blending; sequentially adding cocoamidopropyl betaine (CAB) or lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB); adding sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate (AEC); adding hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and Polyacrylamide (PAM) and uniformly stirring to obtain the foaming agent. Wherein the stirring speed is 50-80 r/min, and the stirring time is 30-40 min.
The three surfactants are mixed firstly, so that the structural foundation of the foaming agent for the shield is formed, and if the surfactants are directly mixed with the foam stabilizer and the thickening agent, components of the foam stabilizer and the thickening agent are mixed among the surfactants, so that the continuity and the stability of the structure are reduced, and the foaming multiplying power and the half-life time of the foaming agent for the shield are influenced.
In addition, the inventor also finds that the mixing of the three surfactants helps to improve the degradability of the finished foaming agent for the shield, probably because the premixing of the three surfactants helps to improve the microstructure of the foaming agent for the shield, so that the foaming agent is looser and is more likely to react with media such as air and the like in the degradation process to generate a degradation phenomenon.
The third aspect of the invention provides an application of an environment-friendly shield foaming agent in shield construction.
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, a shield construction method is provided, which comprises using an environmentally friendly shield foaming agent for construction.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative of the invention and not limiting.
Example 1:
preparing a solution according to the following mass ratio:
foaming agent: APG-0.5%, CAB-0.9%, AEC-3.5%;
foam stabilizer: HEC-0.27%;
thickening agent: PAM-0.3%;
deionized water: 94.53 percent.
Adding alkyl glycoside (APG) into deionized water, and stirring uniformly; then adding cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB) and sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate (AEC) into the mixture in sequence; adding hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and Polyacrylamide (PAM) and stirring uniformly to obtain the foaming agent. Wherein the stirring speed is 50r/min, the stirring time is 30min, a sample 1 is obtained, and the experiment shows that the ratio of the sample 1: pH 7.2 and density1.13g/cm3The foaming ratio is 55.6, the half-life period is 47.5min, and the biodegradation degree is 98%.
The test method comprises the following steps: the foaming ratio is also called the expansion ratio. Conceptually, it is the ratio of the volume of foam produced by a given volume of blowing agent solution to the volume of blowing agent solution, i.e., the volume of bubbles emitted per unit volume of blowing agent solution. It is defined as
The following equation:
in the formula: ER-foaming ratio;
Vf-the volume of the bubbles;
Vl-volume of blowing agent solution;
the stability of the foam can be studied by testing the foam's liquid-out ratio (R) as a function of timef) The expression of (a) is shown as follows:
in the formula: mtMass (g) of liquid separated from the foam in t time, M0Is the initial quality of the foam concentrate. R is to befThe time corresponding to 50% is referred to as the half-life of the solution.
The biodegradation test method is based on the biodegradation test method of GB/T15818-2018 surfactant.
Example 2:
preparing a solution according to the following mass ratio:
foaming agent: NSF-0.5%, LAB-0.9%, AEC-3.5%;
foam stabilizer: HEC-0.27%;
thickening agent: PAM-0.3%;
deionized water: 94.53 percent.
Adding NSF into deionized water, and uniformly stirring; then in turn atWherein LAB and AEC are added; adding HEC and PAM, and stirring to obtain the foaming agent. Wherein the stirring speed is 50r/min, the stirring time is 30min, a sample 2 is obtained, and the experimental result shows that the sample 1: the pH value is 7.2, and the density is 1.16g/cm3The foaming ratio is 78.8, the half-life period is 69.0min, and the biodegradation degree is 98%.
Example 3:
preparing a solution according to the following mass ratio:
foaming agent: APG-0.6%, LAB-1.0%, AEC-5%;
foam stabilizer: HEC-0.4%;
thickening agent: PAM-0.5%;
deionized water: 92.5 percent.
Adding APG into deionized water, and uniformly stirring; then sequentially adding CAB and AEC into the mixture; adding hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and Polyacrylamide (PAM) and stirring uniformly to obtain the foaming agent. Wherein the stirring speed is 50r/min, the stirring time is 30min, a sample 3 is obtained, and the experiment shows that the mass ratio of the sample 3: the pH value is 7.3, and the density is 1.20g/cm3The foaming ratio is 85.8, the half-life period is 102.5min, and the biodegradation degree is 98%.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the embodiment 3 is that the raw material is also added with chelating agent sodium citrate of 0.2 percent,
adding APG into deionized water, and uniformly stirring; then sequentially adding CAB and AEC into the mixture; and adding hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), Polyacrylamide (PAM) and sodium citrate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the foaming agent. Wherein the stirring speed is 50r/min, the stirring time is 30min, and the product is obtained through experimental measurement: the pH value is 6.9, and the density is 1.19g/cm3The foaming ratio is 80.7, the half-life period is 93.5min, and the biodegradation degree is 98%.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 3 is that the stirring temperature is 60 ℃ and other conditions are the same as example 3.
The product is as follows: the pH value is 7.3, and the density is 1.21g/cm3The foaming multiplying power is 88.0, the half-life period is 112.5min, and the biological degradation degree is 98%.
Comparative example 3
Except for using no APG in example 3, the other conditions were the same as in example 3.
The product is as follows: the pH value is 7.2, and the density is 1.18g/cm3The foaming multiplying power is 65.6, the half-life period is 92.5min, and the biological degradation degree is 98%.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent changes may be made to some features of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The environment-friendly shield foaming agent is characterized by comprising a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a foam stabilizer, a thickening agent and deionized water.
2. The environment-friendly shield foaming agent according to claim 1, wherein the nonionic surfactant is selected from alkyl glycoside or plant polyene phenol polyoxyethylene ether.
3. The environmentally friendly shield foaming agent according to claim 1, wherein the zwitterionic surfactant is selected from cocamidopropyl betaine or lauramidopropyl betaine.
4. The environment-friendly shield foaming agent according to claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactant is selected from sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate.
5. The environment-friendly shield foaming agent according to claim 1, wherein the foam stabilizer is hydroxyethyl cellulose.
6. The environmentally friendly shield foaming agent of claim 1, wherein the thickening agent is polyacrylamide.
7. The method for preparing the environment-friendly shield foaming agent of any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: at room temperature, uniformly mixing the nonionic surfactant, the zwitterionic surfactant and the anionic surfactant in water, adding the foam stabilizer and the thickening agent, and stirring and mixing.
8. The method for preparing the environment-friendly shield foaming agent according to claim 7, wherein the room temperature is 20-35 ℃.
9. The use of the environmentally friendly shield foaming agent of any one of claims 1 to 6 in shield construction.
10. A shield construction method, characterized by comprising using the environmentally friendly shield foaming agent of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN114196411B CN114196411B (en) | 2023-10-20 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114717007A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-07-08 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Nonionic-anionic surfactant composition and application thereof in soil remediation |
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| DE19651042A1 (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 1998-06-10 | Wolff Walsrode Ag | Hydrocolloids and hydrocolloid blends as tools for tunnel construction with shield tunneling systems |
| CN103864334A (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-06-18 | 东莞市明洁隧道建设材料有限公司 | Environment-friendly foaming agent for earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine |
| CN103964726A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-08-06 | 北京交通大学 | Foaming agent for earth pressure balance shield |
| CN105198269A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-30 | 北京铁五院工程机械有限公司 | Foaming agent for low temperature-resistant soil pressure balance shield, and preparation method and application of foaming agent |
| CN107033916A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-11 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | A kind of Soil pressure balance shield foam agent and preparation method thereof |
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2021
- 2021-11-02 CN CN202111288914.9A patent/CN114196411B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19651042A1 (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 1998-06-10 | Wolff Walsrode Ag | Hydrocolloids and hydrocolloid blends as tools for tunnel construction with shield tunneling systems |
| CN103964726A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-08-06 | 北京交通大学 | Foaming agent for earth pressure balance shield |
| CN103864334A (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-06-18 | 东莞市明洁隧道建设材料有限公司 | Environment-friendly foaming agent for earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine |
| CN105198269A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-30 | 北京铁五院工程机械有限公司 | Foaming agent for low temperature-resistant soil pressure balance shield, and preparation method and application of foaming agent |
| CN107033916A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-11 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | A kind of Soil pressure balance shield foam agent and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114717007A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-07-08 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Nonionic-anionic surfactant composition and application thereof in soil remediation |
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| CN114196411B (en) | 2023-10-20 |
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