CN114196411B - Environment-friendly shield foaming agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly shield foaming agent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114196411B CN114196411B CN202111288914.9A CN202111288914A CN114196411B CN 114196411 B CN114196411 B CN 114196411B CN 202111288914 A CN202111288914 A CN 202111288914A CN 114196411 B CN114196411 B CN 114196411B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
- C09K17/18—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds
- C09K17/32—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds of natural origin, e.g. cellulosic materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
- E21D9/0678—Adding additives, e.g. chemical compositions, to the slurry or the cuttings
- E21D9/0685—Foaming agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2103/00—Civil engineering use
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of shield construction, in particular to an environment-friendly shield foaming agent and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides an environment-friendly shield foaming agent, which aims to solve the problems that the foaming rate of the shield foaming agent is low, the foam stability is poor, the foaming rate and the stability cannot be considered, and the existing foaming agent is poor in degradation performance and needs to be subjected to heat treatment in the prior art. The inventors have found for the first time that the use of a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, and an anionic surfactant together can improve both the expansion ratio and half-life time and achieve a better performance enhancement. In addition, the prepared foaming agent for the shield has excellent degradation performance and the degradation rate is up to 98% through the combination of the three surfactants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield construction, in particular to an environment-friendly shield foaming agent, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The disclosure of this background section is only intended to increase the understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The prior art discloses some shield foaming agents, and the inventor finds that the following problems exist:
(1) The influence of friction of the soil body of the foaming agent for the shield is simply pursued or the fluidity of the dregs is improved, and the use stability of the foaming agent for the shield is ignored, so that the foaming agent for the shield is required to be added for many times in the use process to realize continuous construction.
(2) The existing foaming agent for the shield needs to be heated in the preparation process, and inconvenience is generated in the outdoor production and use process, and if the foaming agent is not heated, the foaming performance of the foaming agent for the shield is affected.
(3) The foaming rate of the foaming agent for the shield disclosed by some technologies is only about 20 times, the half-life time is short, and the foaming agent has severe time requirements on operation and construction. Or some foaming agents for shield cannot give consideration to both foaming multiplying power and half-life time performance indexes.
(4) In order to improve two performance indexes of foaming multiplying power and half-life time at the same time, the conventional foaming agent for the shield is often added with various additives, but the foaming agent for the shield has poor environmental protection performance and long degradation time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the existing foaming agent for the shield, the invention provides an environment-friendly foaming agent for the shield. The inventor discovers for the first time that the foaming multiplying power and half-life time can be improved at the same time and better performance improvement can be realized when the nonionic surfactant, the zwitterionic surfactant and the anionic surfactant are used at the same time. In addition, the prepared foaming agent for the shield has excellent degradation performance and the degradation rate is up to 98% through the combination of the three surfactants.
Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect of the invention, an environment-friendly shield foaming agent is provided, which consists of a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a foam stabilizer, a thickener and deionized water.
The invention provides a preparation method of an environment-friendly shield foaming agent, which comprises the following steps: at room temperature, the nonionic surfactant, the zwitterionic surfactant and the anionic surfactant are firstly mixed uniformly in water, then the foam stabilizer and the thickener are added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed.
The invention provides an application of an environment-friendly shield foaming agent in shield construction.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, a shield construction method is provided, which comprises the step of constructing by using an environment-friendly shield foaming agent.
The technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
1) The shield foaming agent disclosed by some schemes of the invention has excellent foaming performance and excellent biodegradability, the foaming multiplying power is 70-90, the half life is greater than 60min, the biodegradability is 98%, in some more excellent schemes, the half life is greater than 120min, the shield foaming agent can be naturally degraded within a few days, and the shield foaming agent is nontoxic and harmless and does not influence soil quality and groundwater in a construction area, so that the shield foaming agent has good practical application value.
2) The inventors have also found in experiments that by using a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, and an anionic surfactant together, both the expansion ratio and half-life time can be improved and a better performance improvement achieved. In addition, the prepared foaming agent for the shield has excellent degradation performance and the degradation rate is up to 98% through the combination of the three surfactants. If components other than the foam stabilizer and the thickener are added on this basis, these properties are rather lowered.
3) In some embodiments disclosed in the invention, the foaming agent for shield with high foaming multiplying power and long half-life period can be prepared in a specific three-surfactant, foam stabilizer and thickener system without heating.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental procedures, which do not address the specific conditions in the examples below, are generally carried out under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The invention provides an environment-friendly shield foaming agent, which aims to solve the problems that the foaming rate of the shield foaming agent is low, the foam stability is poor, the foaming rate and the stability cannot be considered, and the existing foaming agent is poor in degradation performance and needs to be subjected to heating treatment in the prior art. The inventors have found for the first time that the use of a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, and an anionic surfactant together can improve both the expansion ratio and half-life time and achieve a better performance enhancement. In addition, the prepared foaming agent for the shield has excellent degradation performance and the degradation rate is up to 98% through the combination of the three surfactants.
Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect of the invention, an environment-friendly shield foaming agent is provided, which consists of a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a foam stabilizer, a thickener and deionized water.
Experiments show that the shield foaming agent has excellent foaming performance and excellent biodegradability, the foaming multiplying power is 70-90, the half life is more than 60min, the biodegradability is 98%, in some more excellent schemes, the half life is more than 120min, the shield foaming agent can be naturally degraded within a few days, and the shield foaming agent is nontoxic and harmless and does not influence soil quality and underground water in a construction area, so that the shield foaming agent has good practical application value.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the nonionic surfactant is 0.5% -1%, the zwitterionic surfactant is 0.7% -1.2%, the anionic surfactant is 3-8%, the foam stabilizer is 0.1% -0.4%, the thickener is 0.1% -0.5%, and the balance is deionized water.
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the nonionic surfactant is selected from alkyl glycosides (APG) or plant polyene phenol polyoxyethylene ethers (NSF).
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the zwitterionic surfactant is selected from cocoamidopropyl betaine (CAB) or lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB).
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the anionic surfactant is selected from sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate (AEC).
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the foam stabilizer is Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC).
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the thickener is Polyacrylamide (PAM).
Polyacrylamide is generally used as a thickener. The polyacrylamide solution has the characteristics of good cohesiveness, viscosity, water loss reduction, rheological property, lubricity, collapse resistance, rock carrying and shock absorption, and natural degradation, so the polyacrylamide solution is a main choice of environment-friendly materials. The polyacrylamide is added into the solution to have certain viscosity, the generated foam is also viscous, the stability of the foam can be improved, the improved action time of the foam in a bad soil body can be prolonged, and the soil carrying capacity of the viscous foam can be improved, so that the discharge of dregs in a spiral soil discharger in a shield can be more facilitated.
It is desirable to add a foam stabilizer component on the basis of the thickener to further enhance the stability of the foam. Foam stabilizers refer to surfactant materials that increase the stability of the foam. The foam stabilizer plays a non-negligible role in the foam. The foam produced by the aqueous foam system with only the foaming agent is not stable enough, and if a single surfactant solution is used, the foaming property is good, but the half life is generally short, and the stability requirement of the foam for shielding is hardly met, so that the foam stability is improved, and a foam stabilizer is required to be added. The mechanism is that the interaction between surface adsorption molecules is enhanced by utilizing the synergistic effect between the surfactants, so that the strength of the surface adsorption film is increased, and the foam stability is improved. According to the analysis of the foam stability mechanism, the stability of the foam mainly depends on the liquid discharge speed and the strength of a liquid film, and in the aspect of liquid discharge speed, the viscosity of a foam liquid phase can be increased by adding a water-soluble high polymer such as carboxyethyl cellulose and the like into a foaming agent solution, so that the liquid discharge speed of the foam is reduced, and the stability of the foam is improved.
Experiments show that the effect of compounding plant polyene phenol polyoxyethylene ether (NSF) and lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB) is better than that of compounding alkyl glycoside (APG) and lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB), and the foaming ratio is as high as 78.8, the half life is 69.0min and the biodegradability is 98% in the scheme of compounding plant polyene phenol polyoxyethylene ether (NSF) and lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB). In the case of the combination of alkyl glycoside (APG) and lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB), the foaming ratio was only 55.6 and the half-life period was only 47.5min.
In some more specific embodiments, the nonionic surfactant is 0.5% -0.6%, the zwitterionic surfactant is 0.9% -1.0%, the anionic surfactant is 3.5% -5%, the foam stabilizer is 0.27% -0.4%, the thickener is 0.3% -0.5%, and the balance is deionized water.
The research process also finds that when the foaming agent for the shield is prepared according to the following formula, the foaming agent for the shield has both foaming multiplying power and stability:
(1) Foaming agent: APG-0.5%, CAB-0.9%, AEC-3.5%;
foam stabilizer: HEC-0.27%;
and (3) a thickening agent: PAM-0.3%;
deionized water: 94.53%.
(2) Foaming agent: NSF-0.5%, LAB-0.9%, AEC-3.5%;
foam stabilizer: HEC-0.27%;
and (3) a thickening agent: PAM-0.3%;
deionized water: 94.53%.
(3) Foaming agent: APG-0.6%, LAB-1.0%, AEC-5%;
foam stabilizer: HEC-0.4%;
and (3) a thickening agent: PAM-0.5%;
deionized water: 92.5%.
The invention provides a preparation method of an environment-friendly shield foaming agent, which comprises the following steps: at room temperature, the nonionic surfactant, the zwitterionic surfactant and the anionic surfactant are firstly mixed uniformly in water, then the foam stabilizer and the thickener are added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed.
The prior preparation method of the foaming agent for the shield usually needs to raise the temperature to 50-60 ℃ after dissolving the raw materials in water, but the inventor discovers that the foaming agent for the shield prepared under the room temperature condition can have two performances of foaming multiplying power and foam stability and is higher than the records of the prior art through long-term experimental study. Namely, the inventor discovers a simpler and better-effect preparation method of the foaming agent for the shield.
In one or more embodiments, the ambient temperature refers to 20 to 35 ℃.
More specifically, the preparation method of the shield foaming agent comprises the following steps: adding alkyl glycoside (APG) or plant polyene phenol polyoxyethylene ether (NSF) into deionized water, and stirring and blending; then sequentially adding cocoamidopropyl betaine (CAB) or lauramidopropyl betaine (LAB) into the mixture; adding sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate (AEC); adding hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and Polyacrylamide (PAM), and stirring uniformly to obtain the foaming agent. Wherein the stirring speed is 50-80 r/min, and the stirring time is 30-40 min.
The three surfactants are mixed first to form the structural foundation of the foaming agent for the shield, if the surfactants are directly mixed with the foam stabilizer and the thickener, the foam stabilizer and the thickener are mixed between the surfactants, the continuity and the stability of the structure are reduced, and the foaming multiplying power and the half-life time of the foaming agent for the shield are further influenced.
In addition, the inventor also finds that the three surfactants are mixed first to help improve the degradability of the finished shield foaming agent, which is probably due to the fact that the three surfactants are mixed in advance to help improve the microstructure of the shield foaming agent, so that the shield foaming agent is more loose and is more easy to react with media such as air in the degradation process, and the degradation phenomenon occurs.
The invention provides an application of an environment-friendly shield foaming agent in shield construction.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, a shield construction method is provided, which comprises the step of constructing by using an environment-friendly shield foaming agent.
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following specific examples, which should be construed as illustrative, and not limiting.
Example 1:
the solution is prepared according to the following mass ratio:
foaming agent: APG-0.5%, CAB-0.9%, AEC-3.5%;
foam stabilizer: HEC-0.27%;
and (3) a thickening agent: PAM-0.3%;
deionized water: 94.53%.
Adding alkyl glycoside (APG) into deionized water, and uniformly stirring; then sequentially adding cocoamidopropyl betaine (CAB) and sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate (AEC); adding hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and Polyacrylamide (PAM), and stirring uniformly to obtain the foaming agent. Wherein the stirring speed is 50r/min, the stirring time is 30min, a sample 1 is obtained, and the sample 1 is obtained through experiment measurement: pH 7.2, density 1.13g/cm 3 The foaming ratio is 55.6, the half life period is 47.5min, and the biodegradation degree is 98%.
The testing method comprises the following steps: the foaming ratio, also called the foaming ratio. Conceptually, this is the ratio of the volume of foam produced by a volume of the foamer solution to the volume of foam produced by the foamer solution, i.e., the volume of air bubbles produced per unit volume of foamer solution. Its definition is as follows
The following formula is given:
wherein: ER-expansion ratio;
V f -bubble volume;
V l -blowing agent solution volume;
the stability of the foam can be measured byThe relationship between the liquid-to-liquid ratio of the test foam and time was studied, and the ratio of the liquid-to-liquid ratio of the foam (R f ) The expression of (2) is as follows:
wherein: m is M t Mass (g) of liquid separated from foam in t time, M 0 Is the initial mass of the foam. R is R f The corresponding time at=50% is called the half-life of the solution.
The biodegradation test method is based on GB/T15818-2018 surfactant biodegradation test method.
Example 2:
the solution is prepared according to the following mass ratio:
foaming agent: NSF-0.5%, LAB-0.9%, AEC-3.5%;
foam stabilizer: HEC-0.27%;
and (3) a thickening agent: PAM-0.3%;
deionized water: 94.53%.
Adding NSF into deionized water, and uniformly stirring; then adding LAB and AEC into the solution in turn; adding HEC and PAM, and stirring uniformly to obtain the foaming agent. Wherein the stirring speed is 50r/min, the stirring time is 30min, a sample 2 is obtained, and the sample 1 is obtained through experiment measurement: pH 7.2, density 1.16g/cm 3 Foaming ratio is 78.8, half-life period is 69.0min, and biodegradability is 98%.
Example 3:
the solution is prepared according to the following mass ratio:
foaming agent: APG-0.6%, LAB-1.0%, AEC-5%;
foam stabilizer: HEC-0.4%;
and (3) a thickening agent: PAM-0.5%;
deionized water: 92.5%.
Adding APG into deionized water, and uniformly stirring; then adding CAB and AEC into the mixture in turn; adding hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and Polyacrylamide (PAM), and stirringThe foaming agent is obtained. Wherein the stirring speed is 50r/min, the stirring time is 30min, a sample 3 is obtained, and the sample 3 is obtained through experiment measurement: pH 7.3, density 1.20g/cm 3 The foaming ratio is 85.8, the half life period is 102.5min, and the biodegradability is 98%.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 3 is that the raw material is also added with 0.2% of chelating agent sodium citrate,
adding APG into deionized water, and uniformly stirring; then adding CAB and AEC into the mixture in turn; adding hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), polyacrylamide (PAM) and sodium citrate, and stirring uniformly to obtain the foaming agent. Wherein the stirring speed is 50r/min, the stirring time is 30min, and the product is obtained and is obtained through experiment measurement: pH value is 6.9, density is 1.19g/cm 3 The foaming ratio is 80.7, the half life period is 93.5min, and the biodegradability is 98%.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 3 is that the stirring temperature is 60℃and the other conditions are the same as in example 3.
The product is: pH 7.3, density 1.21g/cm 3 The foaming multiplying power is 88.0, the half life is 112.5min, and the biodegradation degree is 98%.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 3 is that APG is not used, and other conditions are the same as in example 3.
The product is: pH 7.2, density 1.18g/cm 3 The foaming multiplying power is 65.6, the half life period is 92.5min, and the biodegradation degree is 98%.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The environment-friendly shield foaming agent is characterized by comprising a nonionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a foam stabilizer, a thickening agent and deionized water;
0.5 to 0.6 percent of nonionic surfactant, 0.9 to 1.0 percent of zwitterionic surfactant, 3.5 to 5 percent of anionic surfactant, 0.27 to 0.4 percent of foam stabilizer, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of thickener and the balance of deionized water;
the nonionic surfactant is selected from alkyl glycoside or plant polyene phenol polyoxyethylene ether;
the zwitterionic surfactant is selected from cocoamidopropyl betaine or lauramidopropyl betaine;
the anionic surfactant is selected from sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate;
the foam stabilizer is hydroxyethyl cellulose;
the thickening agent is polyacrylamide;
the foaming multiplying power of the shield foaming agent is 70-90, the half life period is more than 60min, and the biodegradability is 98%.
2. A method for preparing the environment-friendly shield foaming agent, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: at room temperature, the nonionic surfactant, the zwitterionic surfactant and the anionic surfactant are firstly mixed uniformly in water, then the foam stabilizer and the thickener are added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed.
3. The method for preparing the environment-friendly shield foaming agent according to claim 2, wherein the room temperature is 20-35 ℃.
4. The use of the environment-friendly shield foaming agent in shield construction according to claim 1.
5. A shield construction method, which is characterized by comprising the use of the environment-friendly shield foaming agent as claimed in claim 1.
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| CN114717007B (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2023-06-30 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Nonionic-anionic surfactant composition and application thereof in soil remediation |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19651042A1 (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 1998-06-10 | Wolff Walsrode Ag | Hydrocolloids and hydrocolloid blends as tools for tunnel construction with shield tunneling systems |
| CN103864334A (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-06-18 | 东莞市明洁隧道建设材料有限公司 | Environment-friendly foaming agent for earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine |
| CN103964726A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-08-06 | 北京交通大学 | Foaming agent for earth pressure balance shield |
| CN105198269A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-30 | 北京铁五院工程机械有限公司 | Foaming agent for low temperature-resistant soil pressure balance shield, and preparation method and application of foaming agent |
| CN107033916A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-11 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | A kind of Soil pressure balance shield foam agent and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-11-02 CN CN202111288914.9A patent/CN114196411B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19651042A1 (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 1998-06-10 | Wolff Walsrode Ag | Hydrocolloids and hydrocolloid blends as tools for tunnel construction with shield tunneling systems |
| CN103964726A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-08-06 | 北京交通大学 | Foaming agent for earth pressure balance shield |
| CN103864334A (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-06-18 | 东莞市明洁隧道建设材料有限公司 | Environment-friendly foaming agent for earth pressure balance shield tunneling machine |
| CN105198269A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-30 | 北京铁五院工程机械有限公司 | Foaming agent for low temperature-resistant soil pressure balance shield, and preparation method and application of foaming agent |
| CN107033916A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-11 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | A kind of Soil pressure balance shield foam agent and preparation method thereof |
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