CN114192797B - Micro-channel plate with double performance and composite forming process and equipment thereof - Google Patents
Micro-channel plate with double performance and composite forming process and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114192797B CN114192797B CN202111339792.1A CN202111339792A CN114192797B CN 114192797 B CN114192797 B CN 114192797B CN 202111339792 A CN202111339792 A CN 202111339792A CN 114192797 B CN114192797 B CN 114192797B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16S—CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS IN GENERAL; STRUCTURES BUILT-UP FROM SUCH ELEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- F16S1/00—Sheets, panels, or other members of similar proportions; Constructions comprising assemblies of such members
- F16S1/12—Sheets, panels, or other members of similar proportions; Constructions comprising assemblies of such members of substantial thickness, e.g. with varying thickness, with channels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field related to composite material micro-forming, and discloses a micro-channel plate with double performances and a composite forming process and equipment thereof, wherein the micro-channel plate comprises the following steps: (1) Uniformly laying a layer of powder A, and selectively carrying out laser melting on a preset area of the formed powder A layer to carry out shaping; (2) Continuously and uniformly paving a layer of B powder, and selectively performing laser melting on the formed B powder layer to form, thereby completing the printing of a layer of composite material to obtain a composite material layer; (3) Repeating the step (1) and the step (2), and forming layer by layer to obtain a composite material plate blank; (4) And carrying out micro-rolling forming on the composite material plate blank under the assistance of pulse current to obtain a micro-channel structure, thereby obtaining the micro-channel plate with dual performance. The invention improves the corrosion resistance, the heat conductivity and the strength of the microchannel plate and improves the forming quality by the process of combining selective laser melting and electric pulse auxiliary microtolling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field related to composite material micro-forming, and particularly relates to a micro-channel plate with double performances and a composite forming process and equipment thereof.
Background
The micro-channel structure characteristics on the surface of the plate can improve the heat exchange effect, increase the reaction area, play the roles of friction reduction and drag reduction, and can be widely applied to heat exchange systems, micro-reactors, fuel cell bipolar plates and the like. The prior microchannel structure is usually formed by adopting a single material, and a microchannel structure part is formed by adopting a composite material, so that the service performance of the part can be further improved.
Among these, the selective laser melting technique (also known as selective laser melting) relates to a shaping method in which a (metallic) powder material is remelted at defined locations by means of a laser. Selective laser melting technology, which is able to produce components with virtually any shapeable three-dimensional component geometry, is in any case carried out layer by layer in order to produce three-dimensional components. Although composite material microchannel parts can be directly formed by the selective laser melting technology at present, the parts formed by the method have the defects of large microstructure, low part precision, poor surface quality and higher porosity.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a microchannel plate with double performance and a micro-rolling manufacturing method and equipment thereof.
To achieve the above objects, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composite forming process of a microchannel plate member having dual properties, the forming process mainly comprising the steps of:
(1) Uniformly laying a layer of powder A, selectively carrying out laser melting on a preset area of the formed powder A layer to carry out forming, and removing unformed powder A through a powder suction device;
(2) Continuously and uniformly laying a layer of powder B in the vacant area without the powder A, and selectively carrying out laser melting on the formed powder B layer to form, thereby completing the printing of a layer of composite material to obtain a composite material layer;
(3) Repeating the step (1) and the step (2), and forming layer by layer to obtain a composite material plate blank;
(4) And carrying out micro-rolling forming on the composite material plate blank under the assistance of pulse current to obtain a micro-channel structure, and further obtaining the micro-channel plate piece of the composite material.
Further, step (1) is preceded by the steps of constructing a three-dimensional model of the composite material slab, and performing layered partitioning on the composite material slab.
Further, in the step (2), selective laser melting forming is carried out on the A powder layer according to the layering and partitioning result.
Further, the a powder and the B powder are different in one or more of material type, powder particle diameter, crystal grain size, and strengthening phase fraction.
Furthermore, the grain diameter of the powder is 15-60 μm, the grain size is 0.2-30 μm, the reinforced phase adopts hard metal or ceramic particles, and the fraction of the reinforced phase is 0-60%.
Further, the thickness of the single-layer composite material is 15-60 mu m; the laser power is 50W-200W, the laser scanning speed is 100 mm/s-200 mm/s, the laser spot size is 10 mu m-50 mu m, and the scanning interval is 15 mu m-60 mu m.
Furthermore, the pulse current is more than 0A and less than or equal to 1000A, and the pulse frequency is 100 Hz-3000 Hz.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a microchannel plate having dual properties is provided which is formed using a composite process of selective laser melting and electric pulse assisted micro-rolling of a microchannel plate having dual properties as described above.
Furthermore, the micro-channel plate is in a rack shape, and the distance between two adjacent micro-channels is 0.2-1 mm.
The invention also provides composite forming equipment of the microchannel plate with double performance, which adopts the composite forming process of combining selective laser melting and electric pulse assisted micro rolling of the microchannel plate with double performance to form the microchannel plate.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the micro-channel plate with double performance and the composite forming process and equipment thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention combines selective laser melting and electric pulse auxiliary micro-rolling to form a composite forming process, a composite material plate blank is formed through selective laser melting, a micro-channel structure is further formed on the blank obtained through selective laser melting through electric pulse auxiliary rolling, the defects of large microstructure, high porosity and poor surface quality of the blank obtained through selective laser melting can be improved, the forming quality of a part is effectively improved, dislocation climbing and the starting of a grain boundary sliding mechanism can be effectively promoted through introducing an electric pulse auxiliary energy field, the growth of grains and the nucleation expansion of cracks can be inhibited, the plastic forming limit of the composite material is effectively improved, the internal microstructure of the composite material is improved, the filling performance of the material is improved, and the forming precision of the part is improved.
2. Integrally controlling the shape and the performance of the part, carrying out layering and partitioning according to the performance requirements of different areas of the plate, and further carrying out layering forming by adopting corresponding materials; by layering and forming, and adopting the material A or the material B in each layer of partition, each layer is made of composite materials, so that the properties of different areas of the part can be accurately controlled.
3. The method can continuously form the composite material micro-channel plate, effectively improves the forming efficiency, and can form large-size parts.
4. The surface layer and the core part of the micro-channel structure are made of materials with different properties, the surface layer and the core part are made of materials with good corrosion resistance and/or thermal conductivity, and the core part is made of high-strength materials, so that the comprehensive properties of the whole structure can be effectively improved, and different comprehensive properties can be obtained through composite materials with different combinations.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a composite forming process for a microchannel plate member having dual properties provided by the present invention; wherein (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8) and (9) in fig. 1 correspond to different steps respectively;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a dual performance microchannel plate made according to the present invention;
figure 3 is a schematic view of a composite forming apparatus having a dual performance microchannel plate provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the composite forming process of a microchannel plate with dual performance according to the present invention, a composite material slab is formed by selective laser melting, and then a microchannel structure is formed by an electric pulse assisted micro rolling method, wherein the manufacturing method mainly includes the following steps:
designing and establishing a three-dimensional model of a composite material plate blank according to the plastic forming rule of the composite material micro-channel part and metal, and carrying out layered slicing on the three-dimensional model. Wherein the material types are marked with different filling colors in the model; the method can be used for partitioning according to the performance requirements of each area of the microchannel plate to be manufactured, and then performing selective laser melting forming by adopting corresponding materials according to partitioning results.
And step two, uniformly paving a layer of powder A through a powder paving device, selectively carrying out laser melting on a preset area of the formed powder layer of the powder A through a high-energy laser beam to carry out forming, and then recycling the unformed redundant powder A through a negative-pressure powder suction device.
The powder A and the powder B are different in one or more of material type, powder particle size, grain size and strengthening phase fraction, the material can be magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, high-entropy alloy, amorphous alloy, steel material and the like, the particle size of the powder is 15-60 mu m, the grain size is 0.2-30 mu m, the strengthening phase can be hard metal or ceramic particles, and the strengthening phase fraction is 0-60%.
And step three, uniformly paving a layer of B powder by using a powder paving device, selectively performing laser melting on the formed B powder layer by using a high-energy laser beam to form, and then recovering the unformed redundant B powder by using a negative-pressure powder suction device to finish the printing of a layer of composite material.
The thickness of the single-layer composite material is 15-60 mu m, the power of the laser is 50-200W, the laser scanning speed is 100-200 mm/s, the laser spot size is 10-50 mu m, and the scanning interval is 15-60 mu m.
And step four, repeating the step two and the step three, and forming layer by layer to obtain the composite material plate blank.
And step five, starting a pulse power supply of the electric pulse auxiliary micro-rolling mechanism, simultaneously feeding the composite material plate blank forward through a guide roller, and rolling a surface micro-channel structure under the assistance of pulse current through a roller to obtain the micro-channel plate.
The current of the pulse power supply is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1000A, the voltage is 0V and less than or equal to 50V, and the pulse frequency range is 100 Hz-3000 Hz. In the electric pulse auxiliary rolling process, the micro-channel can be formed by adopting single-pass or multi-pass, and the rolling reduction of the single rolling pass is controlled to be 15-35%.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention further provides a composite micro-channel plate with dual properties, which is prepared by the composite forming process of the composite micro-channel plate with dual properties, and includes a substrate and a micro-channel structure, wherein the micro-channel structure is disposed on a surface of the substrate. The microchannel structure comprises a surface layer and a core part arranged between the surface layer and the substrate, wherein the surface layer is made of a material different from that of the core part, and the substrate is made of the same material as that of the surface layer or that of the core part. The material of the surface layer can be a material with excellent thermal conductivity and/or corrosion resistance, the material of the core part can be a material with higher strength, and composite material microchannel plates with different property combinations can be obtained.
In this embodiment, the microchannel plate is rack-shaped, and the distance between two adjacent microchannels is 0.2mm to 1mm.
Referring to fig. 3, the present invention also provides a composite forming apparatus for a microchannel plate with dual performance, which employs a composite process of selective laser melting and electric pulse assisted micro rolling of the microchannel plate with dual performance as described above to manufacture the microchannel plate.
The manufacturing equipment comprises a feeding device, a selective laser melting device and an electric pulse auxiliary rolling device. The two feeding devices are respectively positioned at two opposite sides of the selective laser melting device, and the electric pulse auxiliary rolling device is positioned at one side of one feeding device, which is far away from the selective laser melting device.
The feeding device is used for driving the plate to move and comprises guide rollers which are arranged at an upper interval and a lower interval. The selective laser melting device comprises a laser, a powder spreading mechanism and a powder recovery laser. The selective laser melting device is used for forming a plate blank; the laser is used for emitting laser beams to selectively perform laser melting forming on the powder, the powder laying mechanism is used for uniformly and flatly laying different powders, and the powder recycling mechanism is used for recycling unformed powder.
In the embodiment, the powder laying mechanism comprises two hoppers filled with different powders, and can lay the two different powders and level the powders by a scraper; the movement direction of the powder paving mechanism is perpendicular to the feeding direction of the plate. The powder recovery mechanism recovers the unformed excess powder through a powder suction nozzle connected to the negative pressure device.
The electric pulse auxiliary rolling device comprises a pulse power supply, an upper roller and a lower roller, wherein the pulse power supply can generate pulse current, two electrodes of the pulse power supply are respectively connected with an electric brush and a substrate through leads, and the upper roller is provided with a micro-groove structure which can be rolled on a plate blank to form an array micro-groove structure.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A composite forming process for a microchannel plate having dual properties, the process comprising the steps of:
(1) Uniformly laying a layer of A powder, and selectively carrying out laser melting on a preset area of the formed A powder layer to carry out forming, and simultaneously removing unformed A powder;
(2) Continuously and uniformly laying a layer of powder B in the vacant area without the powder A, and selectively carrying out laser melting on the formed powder B layer to form, thereby completing the printing of a layer of composite material to obtain a composite material layer;
(3) Repeating the step (1) and the step (2), and forming the composite material plate blanks with the array structures in a layer-by-layer overlapping mode;
(4) And carrying out micro-rolling forming on the composite material plate blank under the assistance of pulse current to obtain a micro-channel structure, and further obtaining the micro-channel plate with double performances.
2. A composite forming process for a microchannel plate member having dual properties as defined in claim 1 wherein: the method is characterized in that a three-dimensional model of the composite material plate blank is built before the step (1), and the composite material plate blank is subjected to layering and partitioning.
3. A composite forming process for a microchannel plate member having dual properties as defined in claim 2 wherein: and (2) selectively performing laser melting forming on the powder layer A according to the layering and partitioning results.
4. A composite forming process for a microchannel plate member having dual properties as defined in claim 1 wherein: the A powder and the B powder are different in one or more of material type, powder particle size, grain size and strengthening phase fraction.
5. A composite forming process for a microchannel plate member having dual properties according to claim 4 wherein: the powder particle diameter of the powder A and the powder B is 15-60 mu m, the grain size is 0.2-30 mu m, the reinforcing phase adopts hard metal or ceramic particles, and the reinforcing phase fraction is 0-60%.
6. A composite forming process for a microchannel plate member having dual properties as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein: the thickness of the single-layer composite material is 15-30 mu m; the laser power is 50W-200W, the laser scanning speed is 100 mm/s-200 mm/s, the laser spot size is 10 mu m-50 mu m, and the scanning interval is 15 mu m-60 mu m.
7. A composite forming process for a microchannel plate member having dual properties as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein: the pulse current is greater than 0A and less than or equal to 1000A, and the pulse frequency is 100 Hz-3000 Hz.
8. A microchannel plate having dual capabilities, comprising: the microchannel plate is formed using the composite process of the microchannel plate having dual properties of any of claims 1-7.
9. A microchannel plate member having dual capabilities as recited in claim 8 wherein: the microchannel plate is rack-shaped, and the distance between two adjacent microchannels is 0.2 mm-1 mm.
10. A composite forming apparatus for microchannel plate members having dual properties, comprising: the apparatus is for forming a microchannel plate using the composite forming process for a microchannel plate having dual properties as set forth in any one of claims 1-7.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111339792.1A CN114192797B (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Micro-channel plate with double performance and composite forming process and equipment thereof |
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| CN202111339792.1A CN114192797B (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Micro-channel plate with double performance and composite forming process and equipment thereof |
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| CN114192797A CN114192797A (en) | 2022-03-18 |
| CN114192797B true CN114192797B (en) | 2023-03-28 |
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| CN105618755B (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-05-10 | 韶关学院 | Powder supplying and spreading method and device for multi-material part 3D printing |
| CN106211622B (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-08-03 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of compound 3D printing method of embedded circuit board |
| CN109249022B (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-01-03 | 华中科技大学 | Double-gradient metal porous material and preparation method thereof |
| CN209614249U (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-11-12 | 汕头大学 | A kind of mobile pressure-vaccum cigarette precinct laser fusion intelligence equipment of large scale |
| CN109434105A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-03-08 | 北京星驰恒动科技发展有限公司 | Remaining powder cleaning technology and metal 3D printing method in metal 3D printing |
| CN110508813A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-29 | 深圳大指科技有限公司 | A method of it improving selective laser and melts product's dimensional precision |
| CN112916740B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2022-08-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Micro-channel pulse current-assisted asynchronous roll forming method for array difficult to deform |
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