CN114189120A

CN114189120A - Motor structure, in-wheel motor and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN114189120A
Application number: CN202111644812.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 童恩东; 王细冬
Original assignee: Anhui Tatfook Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Dafu New Energy Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2021-12-29
Filing date: 2021-12-29
Publication date: 2022-03-15

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, and provides a motor structure, a hub motor and a vehicle. The stator structure comprises a plurality of winding units which form a ring structure in a surrounding mode, the outer rotor forms N first convex teeth towards the inner peripheral side of the stator structure, and the inner rotor forms M second convex teeth towards the outer peripheral side of the stator structure. An outer rotor and an inner rotor are respectively arranged on the outer periphery side and the inner periphery side of the stator structure in an annular structure, and the outer rotor and the inner rotor are coaxially arranged, namely, the requirement of coaxial rotation is met. This kind of layout mode realizes the output of double moment, and simultaneously, whole volume is littleer, and space utilization is higher to, the motor structure of this application, its magnetic circuit is shorter, avoids the magnetic leakage problem, and output efficiency is higher, and output torque is bigger.

Description

Motor structure, in-wheel motor and vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, and particularly provides a motor structure, an in-wheel motor with the motor structure and a vehicle with the in-wheel motor.

Background

The double-rotor motor is provided with two mechanical shafts, and can realize independent transmission of energy of the two mechanical shafts. The motor greatly reduces the volume and the weight of equipment and can also improve the working efficiency.

A conventional dual-rotor motor includes a stator, an inner rotor, and an outer rotor, and generally has two salient poles in opposite directions in a radial direction of the stator, and windings are wound on the salient poles, and a yoke portion of the stator has a magnetic isolating ring in a circumferential direction, so that the inner and outer windings are independent of each other.

However, in the above-mentioned structure of the dual-rotor motor, the closed path of the magnetic circuit needs to pass through the entire stator yoke and the entire rotor yoke, and as a result, the magnetic circuit is too long, and there are problems of magnetic leakage and the like, which in turn results in a low output torque of the dual-rotor motor.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the embodiment of the application is to provide a motor structure, and aims to solve the problem that the output torque of the existing double-rotor motor structure is low.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

in a first aspect, the present application provides an electric machine structure, including a stator structure in an annular structure, an outer rotor sleeved on an outer peripheral side of the stator structure, and an inner rotor disposed on an inner peripheral side of the stator structure, where the outer rotor and the inner rotor are coaxially disposed, the stator structure includes a plurality of winding units surrounding and forming the annular structure, the outer rotor forms N first convex teeth toward the inner peripheral side of the stator structure, and the inner rotor forms M second convex teeth toward the outer peripheral side of the stator structure;

wherein, when the winding units are energized, the two energized winding units, the two first teeth corresponding to the two energized winding units, and the two second teeth corresponding to the two energized winding units form a magnetic circuit.

The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the application are as follows: the application provides a motor structure sets up an outer rotor and an inner rotor respectively at the periphery side and the inner periphery side that are the stator structure of annular structure to, outer rotor and inner rotor are coaxial setting, satisfy coaxial pivoted needs promptly. This kind of layout mode realizes the output of double moment, and simultaneously, whole volume is littleer, and space utilization is higher. Specifically, when the winding units are energized, two energized winding units generate a magnetic field, the magnetic induction lines flow out from one end of the current winding unit, pass through a first convex tooth corresponding to the current winding unit, then flow through a first convex tooth corresponding to another winding unit, enter another winding unit, and enter a second convex tooth corresponding to the other winding unit via the other end of the another winding unit, and then flow back to the current winding unit after flowing through a second convex tooth corresponding to the current winding unit, which is a magnetic loop. To sum up, the motor structure of this application, its magnetic circuit is shorter, avoids the magnetic leakage problem, and output efficiency is higher, and output torque is bigger.

In one embodiment, the winding unit includes a stator body having a first stator tooth portion facing the first tooth and a second stator tooth portion facing the second tooth, and a coil wound on the stator body, and a tooth width c of the first stator tooth portion is larger than a tooth width d of the second stator tooth portion.

In one embodiment, the ratio of the groove width f of the outer rotor to the tooth width e of the first convex tooth ranges from 1.6 to 1.9; and/or the ratio of the groove width h of the inner rotor to the tooth width i of the second convex tooth ranges from 1.6 to 1.9.

In one embodiment, the ratio of the tooth width e of the first convex tooth to the tooth width c of the first stator tooth part is 0.9-1.1; and/or the ratio of the tooth width i of the second convex tooth to the tooth width d of the second stator tooth part is 0.9-1.1.

In one embodiment, a ratio of a tooth length k of the first stator tooth portion to a length of the stator body is 5% to 15%; and/or the ratio of the tooth length j of the second stator tooth part to the length of the stator main body is 5-15%.

In one embodiment, the annular structure of the stator structure is equally divided into X segments, X is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3, the number of phases a of the stator structure is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3, each phase has X stator windings, N adjacent first winding units constitute the stator windings, N is an even number, and the number of first teeth is equal to the number of second teeth, N ═ a × X + X.

In one embodiment, the tooth angle of the first tooth and the tooth angle of the second tooth are both the same, and the tooth angle is α, and the tooth angle of the first tooth is also the same as the tooth angle of the winding unit, and α is 360 °/(a × n × X + X); and the included angle beta of the middle lines of the two outermost winding units of the two adjacent stator windings is alpha (A + 1)/A.

In one embodiment, a gap is formed between two adjacent winding units.

In one embodiment, the motor structure further comprises a permanent magnet assembly, wherein the permanent magnet assembly comprises a first sub-magnet arranged on the winding unit and a second sub-magnet arranged on the first convex tooth and corresponding to the first sub-magnet; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the permanent magnet assembly comprises a first sub-magnet arranged on the winding unit and a third sub-magnet arranged on the second convex tooth and corresponding to the first sub-magnet; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the permanent magnet assembly comprises two first sub-magnets arranged on the winding unit, a second sub-magnet arranged on the first convex tooth and a third sub-magnet arranged on the second convex tooth.

In one embodiment, the number of the coils is multiple, the coils are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the stator main body, the coils are connected in parallel, and the directions of magnetic induction lines generated by the coils after being electrified are consistent.

In a second aspect, the present application further provides an in-wheel motor, including the above-mentioned motor structure.

The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the application are as follows: the application provides an in-wheel motor, on the basis that has above-mentioned motor structure, this in-wheel motor's whole volume is littleer, and output efficiency is higher.

In a third aspect, the present application further provides a vehicle including the in-wheel motor described above.

The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the application are as follows: the application provides a vehicle, on the basis that has above-mentioned in-wheel motor, this vehicle has good speed-raising ability.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a motor structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a magnetic flux flow direction of a motor structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention in an operating state;

fig. 4 is another front view of the motor structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a front view of a stator structure of a motor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which w phases are in an energized state;

fig. 6 is a front view of a stator structure of a motor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a v-phase is in a power-on state;

fig. 7 is a front view of a stator structure of a motor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which u-phase is in a power-on state;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator structure, an outer rotor, and an inner rotor of a motor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a further front view of the motor structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view at B of FIG. 9;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a kit of a motor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a partially enlarged view of a motor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is another enlarged partial view of the motor structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a further enlarged partial view of the motor structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a winding unit of a motor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 16 is another schematic structural diagram of a winding unit of the motor structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals:

100. a motor structure; 10. a stator structure; 111. a winding unit; 20. an outer rotor; 30. an inner rotor; 21. a first lobe; 31. a second lobe; 11. a stator winding; 11a, a stator body; 11b, a coil; 11a1, a first stator tooth; 11a2, second stator tooth; 40. a kit; 41. a sleeve body; 42. a connecting portion; 40a, a convex portion; 40b, a recess; 51. a first sub-magnet; 52. a second sub-magnet; 53. a third sub-magnet.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a motor structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present application includes a stator structure 10, an outer rotor 20, and an inner rotor 30.

In particular, the stator structure 10 is of annular configuration. The outer rotor 20 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the stator structure 10, and the inner rotor 30 is disposed on the inner periphery of the stator structure 10. The outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 rotate coaxially around the central axis of the stator structure 10, and the overall volume of the motor structure 100 according to the embodiment of the present application is smaller when the same torque output is obtained.

The stator structure 10 includes a plurality of winding units 111 arranged in sequence along a circumference to form a ring structure. Each winding unit 111 generates a magnetic field when energized.

The outer rotor 20 forms N first teeth 21 toward the inner circumferential side of the stator structure 10, and the inner rotor 30 forms M second teeth 31 toward the outer circumferential side of the stator structure 10, where N and M are positive integers. When the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 rotate relative to the stator structure 10, the first convex teeth 21 and the second convex teeth 31 are intermittently aligned with the winding units 111. The number of first teeth 21 and the number of second teeth 31 may be the same or different. In the case where the number of the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 is the same, the same or similar rotational torque can be obtained, and in the case where the number of the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 is different greatly, the rotational torque with a large difference can be obtained.

In use, the winding units 111 are energized, the two energized winding units 111, the two first teeth 21 corresponding to the two energized winding units 111, and the two second teeth 31 corresponding to the two energized winding units 111 form a magnetic circuit, and the two energized winding units 111 may be disposed adjacently or may be disposed at intervals (there is another winding unit 111 therebetween). Referring to fig. 3, when two adjacent winding units 111 are in an energized state, the two winding units 111, the two first convex teeth 21 opposite to or close to the two winding units 111, and the two second convex teeth 31 opposite to or close to the two winding units 111 form a magnetic circuit, and compared with the case that two windings arranged at intervals are energized, the magnetic circuit is shortest, the magnetic resistance is smallest, the obtained rotating torque is largest, the loss of the motor can be reduced, and the efficiency of the motor can be improved.

The principle of coaxial rotation of the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 is as follows: referring to fig. 3, the magnetic flux forms a closed magnetic path along the adjacent two winding units 111, the two first teeth 21, and the two second teeth 31, and generates a tangential tension to the first and

second teeth

21 and 31 as the magnetic field is distorted. Specifically, when the middle line L1 of the two energized winding units 111 is misaligned with the middle line L2 of the corresponding first tooth 21 and the middle line L3 of the corresponding second tooth 31, the generated magnetic field forces the middle line L2 of the first tooth 21 and the middle line L3 of the second tooth 31 to coincide with the middle line L1 of the two currently energized winding units 111, and during the coincidence process, a tangential tension is generated on the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30, and when the middle line L2 of the first tooth 21 and the middle line L3 of the second tooth 31 are aligned with the middle line L1 of the two currently energized winding units 111 and are in the coincidence state, the current first tooth 21 and second tooth 31 are completely attracted to the corresponding winding units 111, and at this time, the obtained tangential tension is minimal.

Illustratively, when the motor structure 100 is applied to a permanent magnet motor, each winding unit 111 is switched in an alternating current, and a magnetic flux is formed by adjusting the energization sequence of each winding unit 111, so that the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 obtain a tangential tension, and finally the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 coaxially rotate.

Illustratively, when the motor structure 100 is applied to a switched reluctance motor, each winding unit 111 is energized in a partially sequential manner, i.e., only the partial winding units 111 are energized. In this way, the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 are coaxially rotated by turning on and off the local winding unit 111.

Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, the path size of the magnetic circuit is adjustable, that is, the amount of the torque output by the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 is adjustable. For example, when two adjacent winding units 111 are in the energized state, the two winding units 111 at the present time, the two first teeth 21 at which the two winding units 111 at the present time are opposed, and the two second teeth 31 at which the two winding units 111 at the present time are opposed form one magnetic circuit, and at this time, the magnetic circuit is shortest. Or at least one unenergized winding unit 111 exists between two winding units 111 in the energized state, at this time, the path of the formed magnetic circuit is larger, the magnetic resistance is also larger, and the motor is suitable for a motor with smaller output power.

In addition, in the motor structure 100 of the present application, the stator structure 10 is powered by an external power supply, so as to achieve coaxial rotation of the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30. For example, when the motor structure 100 is applied to a permanent magnet motor, the external power supply supplies power to the winding units 111, and the sequence of energization of the winding units 111 is adjusted to form magnetic flux. Alternatively, when the motor structure 100 is applied to a switched reluctance motor, the local winding units 111 are sequentially turned on and off by the external power supply.

In the motor structure 100 according to the embodiment of the present application, an outer rotor 20 and an inner rotor 30 are respectively disposed on the outer peripheral side and the inner peripheral side of the stator structure 10 having an annular structure, and the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 are coaxially disposed, that is, the requirement of coaxial rotation is satisfied. This kind of layout mode realizes the output of double moment, and simultaneously, whole volume is littleer, and space utilization is higher. Specifically, when the winding units 111 are energized, the two energized winding units 111 generate magnetic fields, and the magnetic induction lines flow out from one end of the current winding unit 111, pass through the first convex tooth 21 corresponding to the current winding unit 111, then flow through the first convex tooth 21 corresponding to the other winding unit 111, enter the other winding unit 111, and enter the second convex tooth 31 corresponding to the other winding unit 111 through the other end of the other winding unit 111, and then flow through the second convex tooth 31 corresponding to the current winding unit 111, and then return to the current winding unit 111, where the above is a magnetic circuit, as shown in fig. 3, that is, the path of the magnetic circuit is: the winding unit a 1-first convex tooth b 1-first convex tooth b 2-winding unit a 2-second convex tooth c 1-second convex tooth c 2-winding unit a1, and the magnetic circuit forms a closed loop by the shortest path, and it can be understood that the above-mentioned a1, a2, b1, b2, c1 and c2 are only used for illustrating two components with the same name but different positions. Similarly, the magnetic field distortion also generates a tangential pulling force on the second convex tooth 31, and the inner rotor 30 can rotate around the central axis of the stator structure 10, that is, the output of double torque is obtained in the same motor. To sum up, motor structure 100 of the embodiment of the present application, its magnetic circuit is shorter, avoids the magnetic leakage problem, and output efficiency is higher, and output torque is bigger.

Referring to fig. 4 to 7, in an embodiment, when the motor structure 100 of the embodiment of the present application is applied to a switched reluctance motor, the whole stator structure 10 is equally divided into X sections, optionally, X is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3, each section includes the same number of stator windings 11, in any energization state, one stator winding is energized in each section, and the X stator windings energized at the same time are in one phase, that is, in each section, each stator winding corresponds to one stator winding, and thus, the number of stator windings in each section is equal to the number of phases a. The number of phases of the stator structure 10 is a, alternatively, a is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3, for example, the motor structure 100 is a three-phase, four-phase or five-phase motor. There are X stator windings 11 in each phase, where adjacent n winding units 111 make up the stator windings 11, n being an even number, e.g., the winding units 111 in each stator winding 11 may be two, four, six, etc. Specifically, the number of divisions of the stator structure 10, the number of phases of the stator windings 11, and the number of winding units 111 in the stator windings 11 may be adjusted as needed. In the stator structure 10 illustrated in fig. 5 to 7, X is 3, a is 3, and n is 8, that is, three sections, each section includes three sets of u, w, and v stator windings 11, the entire stator structure 10 includes three-phase windings of u, w, and v, and each stator winding 11 includes eight winding units 111. In another embodiment, the number of phases, the partitions and the number of winding units of the stator structure 10 may be other values, for example, X-5, a-4 and n-10, i.e., the stator structure is divided into five partitions, each partition contains four stator windings 11, and the entire stator structure includes four-phase windings, each stator winding 11 containing ten winding units 111. In conclusion, the rest can be analogized.

In the switched reluctance motor, the number of first teeth 21 is equal to the number of second teeth 31, and the number N of first teeth 21 is a × N × X + X.

Illustratively, as shown in fig. 4, the motor structure 100 is a three-phase motor, then, the number of phases of the stator structure 10 is three, and the annular circumference of the positioning structure 10 is equally divided into three sections, each phase having three stator windings 11, each stator winding 11 having eight winding units 111. Then, the number N of first teeth 21 and the number N of second teeth 31 is 75 by 3 × 8 × 3+ 3.

In one embodiment, first teeth 21 on outer rotor 20 are evenly distributed, i.e., the spacing between each first tooth 21 is the same.

In another embodiment, the first teeth 21 on the outer rotor 20 are evenly distributed, and the second teeth 31 on the inner rotor 30 are evenly distributed.

When the number of the first convex teeth 21 is the same as the number of the second convex teeth 31, each second convex tooth 31 of the inner rotor 30 radially corresponds to each first convex tooth 21 of the outer rotor 20 with the central axis of the stator structure 10 as the central point. In this way, it can be always ensured that the shortest magnetic circuit is formed by every two first teeth 21, the two corresponding second teeth 31, and the two winding units 111 therebetween.

Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, when the number of first teeth 21 and second teeth 31 is the same, the tooth angle α of first tooth 21 and the tooth angle α of second tooth 31 are also the same, and the tooth angles α are the same as the angle of winding unit 111, and α is 360 °/(a × n × X + X); the included angle β between the middle lines of the outermost two winding units 111 of the two adjacent stator windings 11 is α (a + 1)/a. Here, the tooth angle α of the first tooth 21 is an angle between the middle lines of two adjacent first teeth 21, and the tooth angle of the second tooth 31 is an angle between the middle lines of two adjacent second teeth 31; and the tooth angle of the winding unit 111 is the included angle of the middle line of two adjacent winding units 111 in the same stator winding.

By way of example, the annular circumference of the stator structure 10 is divided into three sections, each section having three stator windings 11, i.e. three phases, each stator winding 11 is composed of eight winding units 111, the number of first teeth 21 and the number of second teeth 31 is 75, then α is 360 °/75 is 4.8 °, and the angle β between two adjacent stator windings 11 is 6.4 °.

Alternatively, the annular circumference of the stator structure 10 is illustratively divided into four segments, each segment having four stator windings 11, i.e., four phases, each stator winding 11 is composed of six winding units 111, the number of the first teeth 21 and the number of the second teeth 31 are 100, and then α is 4.5 °, and the included angle β between two adjacent stator windings 11 is 6 °.

As can be understood from the above, the number of the first teeth 21 and the number of the second teeth 31 are greater than the number of the winding units 111, for example, when the annular circumference of the stator structure 10 is divided into three sections, each section has three stator windings 11, i.e., the number of phases is three, each stator winding 11 is composed of eight winding units 111, the number of the winding units 111 is 72, and the number of the first teeth 21 and the number of the second teeth 31 are 75, so that more misalignment can be formed between each first tooth 21 and each winding unit 111, and more misalignment can be formed between each second tooth 31 and each winding unit 111, so that when the winding units 111 are in the energized state, more intermediate lines of the first teeth 21 and intermediate lines of the second teeth 31 are misaligned with the intermediate lines of the corresponding winding units 111, thereby providing a tangential tension to the rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 at the moment of starting or the moment of phase change of the motor, so that the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 are axially rotated with respect to the central axis of the stator structure 10.

Referring to fig. 2, 8 and 15, in one embodiment, the winding unit 111 includes a stator body 11a and a coil 11b wound on the stator body 11a, and the coils 11b of the winding units 111 are connected in series in one stator winding 11. Preferably, the stator body 11a has an I-shaped structure, and opposite ends thereof face the corresponding first and

second teeth

21 and 31, respectively. The coils 11b are wound around the stator body 11a in the same direction. For example, the coil 11b is wound on the stator body 11a clockwise or wound on the stator body 11a counterclockwise, so that in an energized state, a magnetic induction line of a magnetic field flows through the stator body 11a in a longitudinal direction of the stator body 11 a.

It should be apparent that the first and

second teeth

21 and 31 facing the stator body 11a or the winding unit 111 in the embodiment of the present application are understood as a state in which the first and

second teeth

21 and 31 are aligned with the stator body 11a or the winding unit 111, and are not understood as a state at any time.

The stator body 11a has a first stator tooth portion 11a1 facing the first tooth 21 and a second stator tooth portion 11a2 facing the second tooth 31, and the tooth width c of the first stator tooth portion 11a1 is larger than the tooth width d of the second stator tooth portion 11a 2. It is understood that the coil 11b is wound on the stator body 11a between the first stator teeth 11a1 and the second stator teeth 11a2 to prevent the coil 11b from being released from the stator body 11 a. And, since each second tooth 31 is at the inner circle and each first tooth 21 is at the outer circle, in the case of the same number, the pitch of each first tooth 21 should be larger than the pitch of the second tooth 31, and therefore, in order to achieve better corresponding angles of the stator main body 11a and the first tooth 21, and the stator main body 11a and the second tooth 31, the width of the first stator tooth portion 11a1 of the stator main body 11a should be larger than the width of the second stator tooth portion 11a 2.

Specifically, referring to fig. 8, in one embodiment, the ratio of the groove width f of the outer rotor 20 to the tooth width e of the first convex tooth 21 ranges from 1.6 to 1.9. Here, the groove width f of the outer rotor 20 refers to a distance between two adjacent first teeth 21. The ratio of the groove width f of the outer rotor 20 to the tooth width e of the first convex tooth 21 may be 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, etc. Of course, the ratio of the groove width f of outer rotor 20 to the tooth width e of first tooth 21 may have other values, for example, 1.61, 1.775, 1.801, and the like.

Meanwhile, the ratio of the groove width f of the outer rotor 20 to the tooth width e of the first convex tooth 21 to the ratio of the groove width h of the inner rotor 30 to the tooth width i of the second convex tooth 31 do not affect each other, and the values of the two may be the same or different. Similarly, the ratio of the groove width h of the inner rotor 30 to the tooth width i of the second convex tooth 31 is 1.6-1.9. Similarly, the groove width h of the inner rotor 30 refers to the distance between two adjacent second teeth 31. Meanwhile, the ratio of the groove width h of the inner rotor 30 to the tooth width e of the first tooth 21 may be 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, etc. The ratio of the slot width h of the inner rotor 30 to the tooth width i of the second lobe 31 may also be other values, for example 1.601, 1.772, 1.801, etc.

Specifically, referring to fig. 8, in one embodiment, a ratio of the tooth width e of the first convex tooth 21 to the tooth width c of the first stator tooth 11a1 is in a range of 0.9-1.1. It is understood that the tooth width c of the first stator tooth portion 11a1 refers to a width corresponding to the tooth width e of the first tooth 21. The ratio of the two can be 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, etc. Of course, the ratio of the tooth width e of the first tooth 21 to the tooth width c of the first stator tooth portion 11a1 may be 0.91, 1.01, 1.001, or the like.

Meanwhile, the ratio of the tooth width e of the first convex tooth 21 to the tooth width c of the first stator tooth part 11a1 and the ratio of the tooth width i of the second convex tooth 31 to the tooth width d of the second stator tooth part 11a2 do not affect each other, and the values of the two may be the same or different. Similarly, the ratio of the tooth width i of the second convex tooth 31 to the tooth width d of the second stator tooth portion 11a2 is in the range of 0.9 to 1.1. Here, the tooth width d of the second stator tooth portion 11a2 is a width corresponding to the tooth width i of the second tooth 31. The ratio of the two can be 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, etc. Of course, the ratio of the tooth width i of the second tooth 31 to the tooth width d of the second stator tooth portion 11a2 may be 0.901, 1.011, 1.09, or the like.

Specifically, referring to fig. 8, in one embodiment, the ratio of the tooth length k of the first stator tooth 11a1 to the length of the stator body 11a is 5% to 15%. Here, the tooth length k of the first stator tooth portion 11a1 refers to a distance of the first stator tooth portion 11a1 in the length direction of the stator main body 11 a. The tooth length k of the first stator tooth portion 11a1 may be 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, etc. in comparison with the length of the stator main body 11 a.

Meanwhile, the numerical value of the ratio of the tooth length k of the first stator tooth portion 11a1 to the length of the stator main body 11a and the numerical value of the ratio of the tooth length j of the second stator tooth portion 11a2 to the length of the stator main body 11a do not affect each other, and may be the same or different in value. Similarly, the ratio of the tooth length j of the second stator tooth portion 11a2 to the length of the stator main body 11a is 5% to 15%. Here, the tooth length j of the second stator tooth portion 11a2 refers to a distance of the second stator tooth portion 11a2 in the length direction of the stator main body 11 a. The tooth length j of the second stator tooth portion 11a2 may be 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, etc. in comparison with the length of the stator main body 11 a.

The above parameter ranges are obtained by a skilled person through a large number of random simulation experiments, and the experimental process is as follows:

simulation experiment design: and randomly taking values of the parameters, applying the values to the motor structure 100 corresponding to the parameters, ensuring that the same current signal is applied to the motor structure 100 of each experimental group, and finally obtaining the peak magnetic moment of the motor structure 100 of each experimental group.

It should be noted that the motor structure 100 of each experimental group is kept the same in the partition, number of phases of the stator structure 10 and number of winding units 111 in the stator winding 11. Meanwhile, for simplicity, the ratio of the groove width f of the outer rotor 20 to the tooth width e of the first convex tooth 21 is simply referred to as a1 group data; the ratio of the groove width h of the inner rotor 30 to the tooth width i of the second convex tooth 31 is referred to as A2 group data; the ratio of the tooth width e of the first convex tooth 21 to the tooth width c of the first stator tooth part 11a1 is referred to as B1 group data; the ratio of the tooth width i of the second convex tooth 31 to the tooth width d of the second stator tooth portion 11a2 is simply referred to as B2 group data; the ratio of the tooth length k of the first stator tooth portion 11a1 to the length of the stator main body 11a is abbreviated as C1 group data; the ratio of the tooth length j of the second stator tooth portion 11a2 to the length of the stator main body 11a is abbreviated as C2 sets of data, and the following is a simulation result, see the following table:

the above experimental groups are representative of a large number of random experiments, and the experimental times are large, so that the experimental groups cannot be listed.

According to the data results of the above experimental groups, it can be seen that: comparing the data of the experimental groups 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 14, 15, 16, and 17, it is found that when the data of the a1 group, the a2 group, the B1 group, the B2 group, the C1 group, and the C2 group are within the range defined in the present application, the peak magnetic torque of the corresponding motor structure 100 is much larger than the peak magnetic torque of the motor structure 100 corresponding to the range defined in the present application, and when the data of the

experimental groups

4, 5, 10, 11, 18, 19, 20, and 21 are compared separately, it is found that the peak magnetic torque of the corresponding motor structure 100 suddenly drops once any one or more of the data of the a1 group, the data of the a2 group, the data of the B1 group, the data of the B2 group, the data of the C1 group, and the data of the C2 group are out of the range defined in the present application. This yields: when the a1 group data, the a2 group data, the B1 group data, the B2 group data, the C1 group data, and the C2 group data are within the ranges defined in the present application, the peak magnetic torque of the motor structure 100 is preferably set.

Compared with the data of the experimental groups 1, 2, 9, 12, 14, 15, 16 and 17, the influence of the C1 group data and the C2 group data on the magnitude of the peak magnetic moment of the motor structure 100 is small and can be ignored. Meanwhile, the combination of the a1 group data and the a2 group data with the B1 group data and the B2 group data does not have the necessary logical relationship of the superposition gain, that is, the peak magnetic torque of the corresponding motor structure 100 is the largest when the a1 group data, the a2 group data, the B1 group data and the B2 group data are intermediate values, but the motor structure 100 with other high peak magnetic torque can be combined as long as the a1 group data, the a2 group data, the B1 group data, the B2 group data, the C1 group data and the C2 group data are within the range defined by the application.

Referring to fig. 4 to 7, in one embodiment, the stator windings 11 are sequentially energized, and the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 rotate in a forward direction; the stator windings 11 are energized in reverse order, and the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 rotate in reverse. Here, sequential energization may be understood as energizing each stator winding 11 in a clockwise direction, and then the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 rotate in the same direction as the energization, i.e., clockwise rotation, and energizing each stator winding 11 in a counterclockwise direction, and then the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 rotate in the same direction as the energization, i.e., counterclockwise rotation.

Illustratively, when the motor structure 100 of the embodiment of the present application is applied to a switched reluctance motor, a three-phase alternating current is applied to the stator structure 10, and the specific energization process is shown in the figure, which now explains the energization process:

referring to fig. 5 to 7, the annular circumference of the stator structure 10 is divided into three sections, three stator windings 11 are disposed at each section, and each stator winding 11 is composed of eight winding units 111. For convenience of explanation, each of the partitions includes a w-phase stator winding 11, a v-phase stator winding 11, and a u-phase stator winding 11. When the energization sequence is w-v-u and the winding element 111 in each stator winding 11 is energized, the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 coaxially rotate counterclockwise. Specifically, when the w-phase stator winding 11 is energized, in the stator winding 11, two adjacent first convex teeth 21, two second convex teeth 31 corresponding to the two first convex teeth 21, and two winding units 111 form a shortest magnetic loop, so that the two current first convex teeth 21 and two current second convex teeth 31 are pulled by a tangential force to rotate counterclockwise by a certain angle until the two first convex teeth 21 and the two second convex teeth 31 are in a suction state with the corresponding two winding units 111, similarly, when the v-phase stator winding 11 is energized, the above actions are repeated, the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 rotate counterclockwise by a certain angle, and so on, when the u-phase stator winding 11 is energized, the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 rotate counterclockwise by a certain angle, so that according to the above energizing sequence, the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 realize coaxial counterclockwise rotation. And when the energization sequence is u-v-w and the winding element 111 in each stator winding 11 is energized, the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 coaxially rotate clockwise.

Specifically, when the u-phase stator winding 11 is energized, in the stator winding 11, two adjacent first convex teeth 21, two second convex teeth 31 corresponding to the two first convex teeth 21, and two winding units 111 form a shortest magnetic loop, so that the two current first convex teeth 21 and two current second convex teeth 31 rotate clockwise by a certain angle in a tangential tension direction, and similarly, when the v-phase stator winding 11 is energized, the above actions are repeated, the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 rotate clockwise by a certain angle again, and so on, when the w-phase stator winding 11 is energized, the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30 rotate clockwise by a certain angle again, so that the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 303 gradually rotate clockwise according to the above energizing sequence.

In one embodiment, a gap is formed between two adjacent winding units 111. It can be understood that when the winding units 111 are enclosed to form a ring structure, a gap is formed between the winding units 111, so that the mutual influence of magnetic fields formed by the adjacent two winding units 111 after being electrified is avoided.

When the motor structure 100 of the present application is applied to a switched reluctance motor, it can be understood that a gap is also formed between two adjacent stator windings 11, that is, a gap is formed between the outermost winding units 111 of two adjacent stator windings 11. In this way, the mutual influence of the magnetic fields formed by the adjacent two stator windings after being electrified can be avoided.

Specifically, a plurality of mounting grooves may be formed in the housing of the motor structure 100, and each winding unit 111 is disposed in the corresponding mounting groove, thereby forming an annular structure.

Alternatively, several brackets are provided in the housing of the motor structure 100, i.e., the winding units 111 are fixed by the brackets and are enclosed to form a ring structure.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 9 to 11, in another embodiment, the winding units 111 are connected by splicing through the sleeve 40 having a non-magnetic structure, the sleeve 40 may be made of non-magnetic metal such as plastic or aluminum, and the sleeve 40 may also prevent the coil 11b from directly contacting the stator body 11a, thereby achieving the effect of magnetic isolation. Specifically, the sleeve 40 includes a sleeve body 41 having a hollow structure and connecting portions 42 extending outward from opposite ends of the sleeve body 41, the stator body 11a of the winding unit 111 is disposed in the sleeve body 41, the coil 11b is wound around the outer side of the sleeve body 41 and located between the two connecting portions 42, and two adjacent sleeve 40 are connected by the connecting portions 42. Simultaneously, the advantage of concatenation connection lies in: and later maintenance is facilitated, and each winding unit 111 can be replaced.

For example, the connection portion 42 of the sleeve 40 is respectively provided with a convex column and a groove adapted to the convex column, so that when the sleeve 40 with the convex column is inserted into the sleeve 40 with the groove along the circumferential direction of the stator structure 10, the two are spliced. Of course, the arrangement positions of the convex columns and the grooves can be replaced according to actual use requirements.

Or, a convex column and a groove splicing connection structure is also adopted, however, the assembling direction is changed to be along the radial direction of the stator structure 10, that is, the sleeve 40 with the convex column can be inserted into the sleeve 40 with the groove along the radial direction of the stator structure 10, and the requirements of splicing connection can be met.

Specifically, referring to fig. 10 and 11, two adjacent sleeve members 40 are connected by splicing. The splicing structure comprises a convex part 40a and a concave part 40b which are matched with each other, wherein the convex part 40a is arranged on the connecting part 42 of one sleeve 40, the concave part 40b is arranged on the connecting part 42 of the other sleeve 40, and the convex part 40a and the concave part 40b are matched and spliced.

Illustratively, as shown in fig. 10, each winding unit 111 is spliced and connected by the sleeve 40 along the circumferential direction of the stator structure 10, then, the convex portion 40a is disposed on the same side of the two connecting portions 42 of the sleeve 40, and the concave portion 40b is disposed on the other side of the two connecting portions 42, so that, during the assembly process, the two convex portions 40a on the current sleeve 40 are inserted into the two concave portions 40b of the previously located sleeve 40 along the circumferential direction of the stator structure 10, and so on, each winding unit 111 can be spliced and connected to form the stator structure 10 in a ring shape.

For example, or, in two connecting portions 42 of the kit 40, two opposite sides of one connecting portion 42 are provided with convex portions, and two opposite sides of the other connecting portion 42 are provided with concave portions, similarly, in the assembling process, one convex portion 40a and one concave portion 41 on the current kit 40 are inserted into the concave portion 40b and the convex portion 40a of the kit 40 located in front along the circumferential direction of the stator structure 10, and so on, the winding units 111 can be spliced to form the stator structure 10 in a ring shape.

Here, the convex portion 40a is a portion protruding from the surface of the connecting portion 42, and may be a column, a block, or the like, and the shape thereof is not limited; and, the concave portion 40b is a groove-shaped structure adapted to the contour of the convex portion 40 a.

Referring to fig. 12-14, in one embodiment, the motor structure 100 further includes a permanent magnet set. Here, the permanent magnet group is used to supplement the magnetic flux leakage phenomenon of the stator structure 10 during the power-on and power-off processes during the rotation of the outer rotor 20 and the inner rotor 30. It is understood that the motor structure 100 is suitable for the field of permanent magnet motors when the motor structure 100 is additionally provided with permanent magnet groups.

Specifically, the arrangement position and the number of the permanent magnet groups can be adjusted according to the actual use requirement.

For example, as shown in fig. 12, the permanent magnet assembly includes a first sub-magnet 51 provided on the winding unit 111 and a second sub-magnet 52 provided on the first tooth 21 and corresponding to the first sub-magnet 51. Here, the first and second sub-magnets 51 and 52 are provided on the surfaces of the winding unit 111 and the first tooth 21, respectively, or are built in the winding unit 111 and the first tooth 21.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 13, the permanent magnet assembly includes a first sub-magnet 51 provided on the winding unit 111 and a third sub-magnet 53 provided on the second tooth 31 and corresponding to the first sub-magnet 51. Similarly, the first sub-magnet 51 and the third sub-magnet 53 are respectively provided on the surfaces of the winding unit 111 and the second tooth 31, or are embedded in the winding unit 111 and the second tooth 31.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 14, the permanent magnet assembly includes two first sub-magnets 51 provided on the winding unit 111, a second sub-magnet 52 provided on the first tooth 21, and a third sub-magnet 53 provided on the second tooth 31.

The magnetic flux of stator and coil turn and electric current are positive correlation, and the power supply mode of motor then adopts rated voltage power supply, increases the turn through the coil and can lead to the resistance grow, and the electric current diminishes, consequently, the increase of the magnetic flux of stator can receive the restriction, can not increase again after reaching the certain degree. In order to solve the above problem, in another embodiment, referring to fig. 16, the number of the coils 11b is multiple, for example, the number of the coils 11b is at least two and more than two, and the stator main body 11a can mainly carry the load. The coils 11b are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction of the stator body 11a, and the coils 11b are connected in parallel, so that the directions of magnetic induction lines generated by the coils 11b after being energized are the same. It can be understood that after the coils 11b are connected in parallel to be connected with electricity, the voltage of each coil 11b is the rated voltage of the motor, so that the problem of current reduction caused by the increase of the series resistance of the coils is avoided, the adjacent coils 11b cannot be interfered, and thus, the magnetic flux of the winding unit 111 can be greatly increased.

In a second aspect, the present application also provides an in-wheel motor, including the motor structure 100 described above.

The in-wheel motor that this application embodiment provided, on the basis that has above-mentioned motor structure 100, magnetic circuit is short to can reduce the motor loss, improve motor efficiency, promptly, this in-wheel motor's whole volume is littleer, and output efficiency is higher.

In a third aspect, the present application further provides a vehicle including the in-wheel motor described above. The vehicle can be a new energy electric vehicle and also can be a gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle.

The vehicle that this application embodiment provided, on the basis that has above-mentioned in-wheel motor, this vehicle has good raising speed ability, and, it is more steady to go the in-process.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric machine structure characterized by: the stator structure comprises a stator structure in an annular structure, an outer rotor sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the stator structure and an inner rotor arranged on the inner peripheral side of the stator structure, wherein the outer rotor and the inner rotor are coaxially arranged;

2. The electric machine structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the winding unit includes a stator body and a coil wound on the stator body, the stator body has a first stator tooth portion facing the first convex tooth and a second stator tooth portion facing the second convex tooth, and a tooth width c of the first stator tooth portion is larger than a tooth width d of the second stator tooth portion.

3. The electric machine structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the ratio of the groove width f of the outer rotor to the tooth width e of the first convex teeth ranges from 1.6 to 1.9; and/or the ratio of the groove width h of the inner rotor to the tooth width i of the second convex tooth ranges from 1.6 to 1.9.

4. The electric machine structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the ratio of the tooth width e of the first convex tooth to the tooth width c of the first stator tooth part is 0.9-1.1; and/or the ratio of the tooth width i of the second convex tooth to the tooth width d of the second stator tooth part is 0.9-1.1.

5. The electric machine structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the ratio of the tooth length k of the first stator tooth part to the length of the stator main body is 5-15%; and/or the ratio of the tooth length j of the second stator tooth part to the length of the stator main body is 5-15%.

6. The motor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the annular structure of the stator structure is equally divided into X partitions, X is a positive integer larger than or equal to 3, the phase number A of the stator structure is a positive integer larger than or equal to 3, each phase is provided with X stator windings, the adjacent N first winding units form the stator windings, N is an even number, the number of the first convex teeth is equal to the number of the second convex teeth, and N is equal to A N X + X.

7. The electric machine structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: the tooth angle of the first tooth and the tooth angle of the second tooth are both the same and are α, and the tooth angle of the first tooth is also the same as the tooth angle of the winding unit, and α ═ 360 °/(a × n × X + X); and the included angle beta of the middle lines of the two outermost winding units of the two adjacent stator windings is alpha (A + 1)/A.

8. The motor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: and a gap is formed between every two adjacent winding units.

9. The motor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the motor structure further comprises a permanent magnet assembly, wherein the permanent magnet assembly comprises a first sub-magnet arranged on the winding unit and a second sub-magnet arranged on the first convex tooth and corresponding to the first sub-magnet; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

10. The motor structure according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein: the number of the coils is multiple, the coils are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the stator main body, the coils are connected in parallel, and the directions of magnetic induction lines generated by the coils after being electrified are consistent.

11. An in-wheel motor characterized by: comprising an electrical machine structure as claimed in any of claims 1 to 10.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: comprising an in-wheel motor according to claim 11.