CN114189089B - Method for preventing electric shovel motor brush spark from being over-rated - Google Patents
Method for preventing electric shovel motor brush spark from being over-rated Download PDFInfo
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- CN114189089B CN114189089B CN202111630411.5A CN202111630411A CN114189089B CN 114189089 B CN114189089 B CN 114189089B CN 202111630411 A CN202111630411 A CN 202111630411A CN 114189089 B CN114189089 B CN 114189089B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/10—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with arrangements for protection from ingress, e.g. water or fingers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/0094—Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc Machiner (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing the spark grade of an electric brush of an electric shovel motor from being too high, which comprises the following steps: analyzing the generation reason of the spark of the electric brush of the direct current motor; step two, a solution is provided; step three, the problem of overhigh spark grade of the 255HP motor brush is solved; in the first step, the armature reaction causes the physical neutral line of the motor air gap field to deviate, which is expressed as follows: the rotating direction of the motor is shown in fig. 1, and the motor air gap field is extremely weakened after the front end of the motor main magnetic plate is increased, so that a physical neutral line m of the air gap field generates a beta angle against the rotating direction of the armature, wherein the beta angle is determined by the magnitude of the armature current; the invention solves the problem of over-high spark grade of the motor rotor by correcting the neutral line of the armature rotor, prolongs the service life of the motor, improves the production efficiency of the electric shovel, reduces the overhaul times of the motor rotor and reduces the shutdown rate of equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a method for preventing the spark grade of an electric brush of an electric shovel motor from being too high.
Background
As the yield of the strip mine increases, the inlet 295B electric shovel is frequently used, and the service life of the 255HP motor is pushed to directly influence the working efficiency of the electric shovel. Therefore, the time for pushing the 255HP motor is prolonged, which is a precondition for ensuring the normal operation of the electric shovel; because 255HP motor brush-holder stud has been fixed on motor housing, do not have the sliding ring, belongs to the design method that the neutral point is not adjustable, and there is the deviation in the position of armature rotor's neutral line and commutator, and the motor load produces the spark too high during operation, causes the motor to burn.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preventing the spark grade of the brush of the electric shovel motor from being too high so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the method for preventing the electric shovel motor brush spark from being too high comprises the following steps: analyzing the generation reason of the spark of the electric brush of the direct current motor; step two, a solution is provided; step three, the problem of overhigh spark grade of the 255HP motor brush is solved;
wherein in the first step, electromagnetic analysis: when the direct current motor runs, when the load of the direct current motor increases, the air gap magnetic field is distorted due to the existence of the armature magnetic field, namely armature reaction; when the magnetic field of the direct current motor is saturated, the armature reaction causes distortion of the synthesized magnetic field, the total magnetic field flux is reduced, the distortion is larger, the demagnetization is larger, the inter-segment voltage on the commutator is uneven due to the distortion of the air gap magnetic field, and when the potential difference between two adjacent commutating segments of the commutator exceeds a certain limit, potential difference sparks are generated;
in the second step, according to the analysis result obtained in the first step, it is determined that if sparks generated on the surfaces of the brushes and the commutator are to be reduced, the air-gap magnetic field distortion is to be effectively suppressed; the following solutions are hereby obtained: in an ideal state, when the neutral wire of the uniform wire is exactly pulled to the mica sheet overlapped with the lap winding, the neutral wire is overlapped with the geometric neutral wire generated by the exciting winding of the motor, and at the moment, current flows into the uniform wire winding through the symmetrical electric brush, and the electric brush can not generate sparks; otherwise, if the neutral line of the equalizing line is not coincident with the neutral line of the lap winding, the phase difference of the neutral line of the equalizing line and the geometrical neutral line of the motor is one mica, and then strong current enters the electric brush through the temporary sheet due to the rotation of the armature, sparks are generated in the front of the rotation direction of the electric brush and flow into the equalizing line of the electric brush, and if the deviation is larger, the generated sparks are larger;
in the third step, according to the solution obtained in the second step, firstly, the winding pitch is checked before the new 255HP motor commutator is installed, and the neutral wire is determined to be pulled up at the middle of the magnet at the middle position of 1-18 slots and pulled on the middle mica corresponding to two vertical plates of the commutator and not embedded with the equalizing wire.
Preferably, in the first step, the air gap magnetic field is mainly a resultant magnetic field generated by a main magnetic field and an armature magnetic field, wherein the main magnetic field is a magnetic field generated by direct current supplied by an exciting winding, and the armature magnetic field is a magnetic field generated by current passing through the armature winding when the motor is loaded.
Preferably, in the first step, the armature reaction causes a physical neutral line shift of the air-gap field of the motor, which is expressed as follows: the motor rotation direction is shown in fig. 1, and the motor air gap field is extremely weakened after the front end of the motor main magnetic plate is increased, so that the physical neutral line m of the air gap field generates a beta angle against the armature rotation direction, wherein the beta angle is determined by the magnitude of the armature current.
Preferably, in the third step, the 255HP motor is mainly composed of a stator part and a rotor part.
Preferably, the stator part mainly comprises an upper casing, a lower casing, a main pole winding, a complementary pole winding, a brush device, a large end cover and a small end cover, wherein the 255HP motor is not provided with a slip ring; the rotor part mainly comprises a rotating shaft, an iron core, a commutator, an armature winding, a uniform voltage wire winding, a fan seat, a bearing retaining sleeve, a bearing bracket and the like.
Preferably, in the third step, the data of the rotor winding of the 255HP motor is: the number of slots is 70 slots, the number of windings is 70, the number of branches is 3, the slot pitch YK=1-18, the commutator segment pitch YK=1-2, the windings are single-lap windings, the number of equalizing lines is 35, the equalizing line pitch is YK=1-106, the wire gauge is 1.26 x 6.56, and the equalizing line specification is 1.25 x 3.15.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention solves the problem of over-high spark grade of the motor rotor by correcting the neutral line of the armature rotor, prolongs the service life of the motor, improves the production efficiency of the electric shovel, reduces the overhaul times of the motor rotor and reduces the shutdown rate of equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an air gap field physical neutral line offset;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of determining the neutral line of an armature rotor;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, an embodiment of the present invention is provided: the method for preventing the electric shovel motor brush spark from being too high comprises the following steps: analyzing the generation reason of the spark of the electric brush of the direct current motor; step two, a solution is provided; step three, the problem of overhigh spark grade of the 255HP motor brush is solved;
wherein in the first step, electromagnetic analysis: when the direct current motor runs, when the load of the direct current motor increases, the air gap magnetic field is distorted due to the existence of the armature magnetic field, namely armature reaction; when the magnetic field of the direct current motor is saturated, the armature reaction causes distortion of the synthesized magnetic field, the total magnetic field flux is reduced, the distortion is larger, the demagnetization is larger, the inter-segment voltage on the commutator is uneven due to the distortion of the air gap magnetic field, and when the potential difference between two adjacent commutating segments of the commutator exceeds a certain limit, potential difference sparks are generated; the air gap magnetic field is mainly a composite magnetic field generated by a main magnetic field and an armature magnetic field, wherein the main magnetic field is a magnetic field generated by direct current which is introduced by an excitation winding, and the armature magnetic field is a magnetic field generated by current passing through the armature winding when the motor is loaded; armature reactions can lead to physical neutral line shifts of the motor air gap field, which are embodied as: the rotating direction of the motor is shown in fig. 1, and the motor air gap field is extremely weakened after the front end of the motor main magnetic plate is increased, so that a physical neutral line m of the air gap field generates a beta angle against the rotating direction of the armature, wherein the beta angle is determined by the magnitude of the armature current;
in the second step, according to the analysis result obtained in the first step, it is determined that if sparks generated on the surfaces of the brushes and the commutator are to be reduced, the air-gap magnetic field distortion is to be effectively suppressed; the following solutions are hereby obtained: in an ideal state, when the neutral wire of the uniform wire is exactly pulled to the mica sheet overlapped with the lap winding, the neutral wire is overlapped with the geometric neutral wire generated by the exciting winding of the motor, and at the moment, current flows into the uniform wire winding through the symmetrical electric brush, and the electric brush can not generate sparks; otherwise, if the neutral line of the equalizing line is not coincident with the neutral line of the lap winding, the phase difference of the neutral line of the equalizing line and the geometrical neutral line of the motor is one mica, and then strong current enters the electric brush through the temporary sheet due to the rotation of the armature, sparks are generated in the front of the rotation direction of the electric brush and flow into the equalizing line of the electric brush, and if the deviation is larger, the generated sparks are larger;
in the third step, according to the solution obtained in the second step, firstly, the winding pitch is checked before the new 255HP motor commutator is installed, the neutral wire is determined to be pulled up at the middle of the magnet at the middle position of 1-18 slots and pulled on the middle mica corresponding to two vertical plates of the commutator and not embedded with the uniform wire, and the neutral wire of the uniform wire can be pulled on the same mica only when the neutral wire is pulled according to the square, so that the neutral wire of the uniform wire is consistent with the geometric neutral wire of the motor, and no spark can be ensured under the electric brush; the 255HP motor mainly comprises a stator part and a rotor part; the stator part mainly comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, a main pole winding, a complementary pole winding, an electric brush device, a large end cover, a small end cover and the like, wherein the 255HP motor is not provided with a slip ring; the rotor part mainly comprises a rotating shaft, an iron core, a commutator, an armature winding, a uniform voltage wire winding, a fan seat, a bearing retaining sleeve, a bearing bracket and the like; the data for the rotor windings of the 255HP motor are: the number of slots is 70 slots, the number of windings is 70, the number of branches is 3, the slot pitch YK=1-18, the commutator segment pitch YK=1-2, the windings are single-lap windings, the number of equalizing lines is 35, the equalizing line pitch is YK=1-106, the wire gauge is 1.26 x 6.56, and the equalizing line specification is 1.25 x 3.15.
Based on the above, the invention has the advantages that the neutral line of the armature rotor is corrected, so that the rotor after overhaul does not generate sparks when the load works, the overhaul quality is ensured, the motor is prevented from being burnt, the service life of the motor is prolonged, the working efficiency of the electric shovel is improved, the repair cost and the purchase cost of spare parts of the motor are saved by about 10 ten thousand yuan each year, and the indirect benefit is huge.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (6)
1. The method for preventing the electric shovel motor brush spark from being too high comprises the following steps: analyzing the generation reason of the spark of the electric brush of the direct current motor; step two, a solution is provided; step three, the problem of overhigh spark grade of the 255HP motor brush is solved; the method is characterized in that:
wherein in the first step, electromagnetic analysis: when the direct current motor runs, when the load of the direct current motor increases, the air gap magnetic field is distorted due to the existence of the armature magnetic field, namely armature reaction; when the magnetic field of the direct current motor is saturated, the armature reaction causes distortion of the synthesized magnetic field, the total magnetic field flux is reduced, the distortion is larger, the demagnetization is larger, the inter-segment voltage on the commutator is uneven due to the distortion of the air gap magnetic field, and when the potential difference between two adjacent commutating segments of the commutator exceeds a certain limit, potential difference sparks are generated;
in the second step, according to the analysis result obtained in the first step, it is determined that if sparks generated on the surfaces of the brushes and the commutator are to be reduced, the air-gap magnetic field distortion is to be effectively suppressed; the following solutions are hereby obtained: in an ideal state, when the neutral wire of the uniform wire is exactly pulled to the mica sheet overlapped with the lap winding, the neutral wire is overlapped with the geometric neutral wire generated by the exciting winding of the motor, and at the moment, current flows into the uniform wire winding through the symmetrical electric brush, and the electric brush can not generate sparks; otherwise, if the neutral line of the equalizing line is not coincident with the neutral line of the lap winding, the phase difference of the neutral line of the equalizing line and the geometrical neutral line of the motor is one mica, and then strong current enters the electric brush through the temporary sheet due to the rotation of the armature, sparks are generated in the front of the rotation direction of the electric brush and flow into the equalizing line of the electric brush, and if the deviation is larger, the generated sparks are larger;
in the third step, according to the solution obtained in the second step, firstly, the winding pitch is checked before the new 255HP motor commutator is installed, and the neutral wire is determined to be pulled up at the middle of the magnet at the middle position of 1-18 slots and pulled on the middle mica corresponding to two vertical plates of the commutator and not embedded with the equalizing wire.
2. The method of preventing excessive spark rating of an electric shovel motor brush according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the air gap magnetic field is mainly a composite magnetic field generated by a main magnetic field and an armature magnetic field, wherein the main magnetic field is a magnetic field generated by direct current which is introduced by an excitation winding, and the armature magnetic field is a magnetic field generated by current passing through the armature winding when the motor is loaded.
3. The method of preventing excessive spark rating of an electric shovel motor brush according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the armature reaction causes the physical neutral line of the motor air gap field to deviate, which is expressed as follows: the motor air gap field is extremely weakened after the front end of the motor main magnetic plate is increased, so that the physical neutral line m of the air gap field generates a beta angle against the rotation direction of the armature, wherein the beta angle is determined by the magnitude of the armature current.
4. The method of preventing excessive spark rating of an electric shovel motor brush according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the 255HP motor mainly comprises a stator part and a rotor part.
5. The method of preventing excessive spark rating of an electric shovel motor brush according to claim 4, wherein: the stator part mainly comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, a main pole winding, a complementary pole winding, an electric brush device, a large end cover, a small end cover and the like, wherein the 255HP motor is not provided with a slip ring; the rotor part mainly comprises a rotating shaft, an iron core, a commutator, an armature winding, a uniform voltage wire winding, a fan seat, a bearing retaining sleeve, a bearing bracket and the like.
6. The method of preventing excessive spark rating of an electric shovel motor brush according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the data of the rotor winding of the 255HP motor is as follows: the number of slots is 70 slots, the number of windings is 70, the number of branches is 3, the slot pitch YK=1-18, the commutator segment pitch YK=1-2, the windings are single-lap windings, the number of equalizing lines is 35, the equalizing line pitch is YK=1-106, the wire gauge is 1.26 x 6.56, and the equalizing line specification is 1.25 x 3.15.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111630411.5A CN114189089B (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Method for preventing electric shovel motor brush spark from being over-rated |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111630411.5A CN114189089B (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Method for preventing electric shovel motor brush spark from being over-rated |
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| CN114189089A CN114189089A (en) | 2022-03-15 |
| CN114189089B true CN114189089B (en) | 2023-08-01 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB693011A (en) * | 1950-08-01 | 1953-06-17 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to dynamo-electric machines |
| RU67284U1 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2007-10-10 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Томский политехнический университет | DEVICE INDICATOR INDICATOR OF DC COLLECTOR ELECTRIC MACHINES WITH CUTTING BRUSHES |
| CN103840611A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-06-04 | 重庆万力联兴实业(集团)有限公司 | Method for prolong service life of permanent magnet direct current motor of automobile fuel pump |
| CN106230206A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2016-12-14 | 卢亚和 | A kind of armature manufacture method of New-type electric machine |
| CN107785763A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of electric brush for electric tool motor |
| CN109599975A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2019-04-09 | 东风汽车电气有限公司 | A kind of starter |
-
2021
- 2021-12-28 CN CN202111630411.5A patent/CN114189089B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB693011A (en) * | 1950-08-01 | 1953-06-17 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to dynamo-electric machines |
| RU67284U1 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2007-10-10 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Томский политехнический университет | DEVICE INDICATOR INDICATOR OF DC COLLECTOR ELECTRIC MACHINES WITH CUTTING BRUSHES |
| CN103840611A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-06-04 | 重庆万力联兴实业(集团)有限公司 | Method for prolong service life of permanent magnet direct current motor of automobile fuel pump |
| CN107785763A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of electric brush for electric tool motor |
| CN106230206A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2016-12-14 | 卢亚和 | A kind of armature manufacture method of New-type electric machine |
| CN109599975A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2019-04-09 | 东风汽车电气有限公司 | A kind of starter |
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| CN114189089A (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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