CN114189089A - Method for preventing electric shovel motor brush spark grade from being too high - Google Patents
Method for preventing electric shovel motor brush spark grade from being too high Download PDFInfo
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- CN114189089A CN114189089A CN202111630411.5A CN202111630411A CN114189089A CN 114189089 A CN114189089 A CN 114189089A CN 202111630411 A CN202111630411 A CN 202111630411A CN 114189089 A CN114189089 A CN 114189089A
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- motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/10—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with arrangements for protection from ingress, e.g. water or fingers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/0094—Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing the over-high spark grade of an electric shovel motor brush, which comprises the following steps: analyzing the generation reason of brush spark of a direct current motor; step two, a solution is provided; step three, solving the problem of over high sparking grade of a 255HP motor brush; in the first step, the armature reaction may cause a physical neutral line offset of the air gap field of the motor, which is represented by: the rotation direction of the motor is shown in fig. 1, and at this time, the air-gap magnetic field of the motor is weakened by adding a rear end at the front end of the main magnetic plate of the motor, so that a physical neutral line m of the air-gap magnetic field generates an angle beta against the rotation direction of the armature, wherein the size of the angle beta is determined by the size of the armature current; by correcting the neutral line of the armature rotor, the invention solves the phenomenon of overhigh spark grade of the motor rotor, prolongs the service life of the motor, improves the production efficiency of the electric shovel, reduces the overhaul times of the motor rotor and reduces the shutdown rate of equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a method for preventing an electric shovel motor brush from having an excessively high spark grade.
Background
The inlet 295B shovel is frequently used as the strip mine production increases, and the life of the push 255HP motor directly affects the operating efficiency of the shovel. Therefore, the time for pushing and pressing the 255HP motor is prolonged, which is the premise for ensuring the normal work of the electric shovel; the 255HP motor brush rod is fixed on the motor shell, a slip ring is not arranged, the design method that a neutral point is not adjustable is adopted, if a neutral line of an armature rotor has deviation with a position of a commutator, sparks are generated when a motor load works, and the motor is burnt.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a method for preventing over-sparking of the brushes of an electric shovel motor to solve the problems set forth in the background art discussed above.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the method for preventing the electric shovel motor brush from having over-high sparking level comprises the following steps: analyzing the generation reason of brush spark of a direct current motor; step two, a solution is provided; step three, solving the problem of over high sparking grade of a 255HP motor brush;
wherein in the first step, the electromagnetic aspect analysis: when the direct current motor runs, when the load of the direct current motor is increased, the air gap magnetic field is distorted due to the existence of the armature magnetic field, namely, the armature reaction occurs; when the magnetic field of the direct current motor is saturated, the armature reaction not only distorts the synthesized magnetic field, but also reduces the total magnetic field flux, the larger the armature current is, the larger the distortion is, the larger the demagnetization is, and the voltage between the segments on the commutator is uneven due to the distortion of the air gap magnetic field;
in the second step, according to the analysis result obtained in the first step, it is determined that the air gap magnetic field distortion needs to be effectively inhibited if the sparks generated on the surface of the brush and the commutator need to be reduced; the following solutions are hereby obtained: in an ideal state, when the neutral line of the equalizing line is just pulled to the sheet of mica overlapped with the lap winding, the neutral line is overlapped with a geometric neutral line generated by an excitation winding of the motor, and at the moment, current flows into the equalizing line winding through symmetrical electric brushes, and the electric brushes do not generate sparks; on the contrary, if the neutral line of the equalizing line is not overlapped with the neutral line of the lap winding and is different from the geometric neutral line of the motor by a piece of mica, then strong current enters the electric brush through the adjacent piece due to the rotation of the armature, sparks are generated in front of the rotation direction of the electric brush and flow into the equalizing line, and if the deviation is larger, the generated sparks are also larger;
in the third step, according to the solution obtained in the second step, the winding pitch is checked before the new 255HP motor commutator is installed, the fact that the neutral line is pulled up in the middle of the magnet at the middle position of 1-18 slots is determined, the neutral line is pulled on the middle mica which corresponds to two vertical pieces of the commutator and is not embedded with the equalizing line is determined, because the vertical pieces of the commutator of the 255HP motor are designed into a deep vertical piece and two shallow vertical pieces, only when the neutral line is pulled by the method, the neutral line of the equalizing line can be pulled on the same mica with the neutral line of the lap winding, so that the neutral line is consistent with the geometric neutral line of the motor, and no spark is generated under the electric brush.
Preferably, in the first step, the air-gap magnetic field is mainly a resultant magnetic field generated by a main magnetic field and an armature magnetic field, the main magnetic field is a magnetic field generated by direct current supplied to the excitation winding, and when the armature magnetic field is loaded, current flows through the armature winding.
Preferably, in the first step, the armature reaction may cause a physical neutral line of the air-gap magnetic field of the motor to shift, which is represented by: the motor rotation direction is shown in fig. 1, and the air-gap field of the motor is weakened at the rear end of the front end of the main magnet plate of the motor, so that the physical neutral line m of the air-gap field generates an angle beta against the armature rotation direction, wherein the size of the angle beta is determined by the size of the armature current.
Preferably, in the third step, the 255HP motor mainly comprises a stator part and a rotor part.
Preferably, the stator part mainly comprises an upper casing, a lower casing, a main pole winding, a pole-supplementing winding, an electric brush device, a large end cover, a small end cover and the like, wherein the 255HP motor is not provided with a slip ring; the rotor part mainly comprises a rotating shaft, an iron core, a commutator, an armature winding, a voltage-equalizing winding, a fan seat, a bearing retaining sleeve, a bearing support and the like.
Preferably, in the third step, the data of the rotor winding of the 255HP motor is as follows: the number of the slots is 70, the number of the coils is 70, the number of branches is 3, the slot pitch YK is 1-18, the commutator segment pitch YK is 1-2, the winding is a single-lap winding, 35 equalizing wires are arranged, the equalizing wire pitch YK is 1-106, a wire gauge is 1.26 × 6.56, and the equalizing wire specification is 1.25 × 3.15.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: by correcting the neutral line of the armature rotor, the invention solves the phenomenon of overhigh spark grade of the motor rotor, prolongs the service life of the motor, improves the production efficiency of the electric shovel, reduces the overhaul times of the motor rotor and reduces the shutdown rate of equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the physical neutral shift of the air gap field;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the determination of the armature rotor neutral;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, an embodiment of the present invention is shown: the method for preventing the electric shovel motor brush from having over-high sparking level comprises the following steps: analyzing the generation reason of brush spark of a direct current motor; step two, a solution is provided; step three, solving the problem of over high sparking grade of a 255HP motor brush;
wherein in the first step, the electromagnetic aspect analysis: when the direct current motor runs, when the load of the direct current motor is increased, the air gap magnetic field is distorted due to the existence of the armature magnetic field, namely, the armature reaction occurs; when the magnetic field of the direct current motor is saturated, the armature reaction not only distorts the synthesized magnetic field, but also reduces the total magnetic field flux, the larger the armature current is, the larger the distortion is, the larger the demagnetization is, and the voltage between the segments on the commutator is uneven due to the distortion of the air gap magnetic field; the air-gap magnetic field is mainly a synthetic magnetic field generated by a main magnetic field and an armature magnetic field, the main magnetic field is a magnetic field generated by direct current introduced into an excitation winding, and when the armature magnetic field is loaded by a motor, current in the armature winding passes through the generated magnetic field; armature reactions can cause a physical neutral shift in the air gap field of the machine, as shown in: the rotation direction of the motor is shown in fig. 1, and at this time, the air-gap magnetic field of the motor is weakened by adding a rear end at the front end of the main magnetic plate of the motor, so that a physical neutral line m of the air-gap magnetic field generates an angle beta against the rotation direction of the armature, wherein the size of the angle beta is determined by the size of the armature current;
in the second step, according to the analysis result obtained in the first step, it is determined that the air gap magnetic field distortion needs to be effectively inhibited if the sparks generated on the surface of the brush and the commutator need to be reduced; the following solutions are hereby obtained: in an ideal state, when the neutral line of the equalizing line is just pulled to the sheet of mica overlapped with the lap winding, the neutral line is overlapped with a geometric neutral line generated by an excitation winding of the motor, and at the moment, current flows into the equalizing line winding through symmetrical electric brushes, and the electric brushes do not generate sparks; on the contrary, if the neutral line of the equalizing line is not overlapped with the neutral line of the lap winding and is different from the geometric neutral line of the motor by a piece of mica, then strong current enters the electric brush through the adjacent piece due to the rotation of the armature, sparks are generated in front of the rotation direction of the electric brush and flow into the equalizing line, and if the deviation is larger, the generated sparks are also larger;
in the third step, according to the solution obtained in the second step, firstly, before installing a new 255HP motor commutator, the winding pitch is checked, the fact that a neutral line is pulled up at the middle position of a magnet at the middle position of 1-18 slots is determined, the neutral line is pulled on middle mica which corresponds to two vertical pieces of the commutator and is not embedded with a voltage equalizing line is determined, because the vertical pieces of the commutator of the 255HP motor are designed into a deep vertical piece and two shallow vertical pieces, only when the neutral line is pulled by the method, the neutral line of the voltage equalizing line can be pulled on the same mica with the neutral line of the lap winding, so that the neutral line is consistent with the geometric neutral line of the motor, and no spark is generated under the electric brush; the 255HP motor mainly comprises a stator part and a rotor part; the stator part mainly comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, a main pole winding, a pole-supplementing winding, an electric brush device, a large end cover, a small end cover and the like, wherein the 255HP motor is not provided with a slip ring; the rotor part mainly comprises a rotating shaft, an iron core, a commutator, an armature winding, a voltage-equalizing wire winding, a fan seat, a bearing retaining sleeve, a bearing bracket and the like; the data for the rotor winding of the 255HP motor is: the number of the slots is 70, the number of the coils is 70, the number of branches is 3, the slot pitch YK is 1-18, the commutator segment pitch YK is 1-2, the winding is a single-lap winding, 35 equalizing wires are arranged, the equalizing wire pitch YK is 1-106, a wire gauge is 1.26 × 6.56, and the equalizing wire specification is 1.25 × 3.15.
Based on the above, the invention has the advantages that the invention ensures that the rotor after overhaul does not generate sparks during the load operation by correcting the neutral line of the armature rotor, thereby ensuring the overhaul quality, preventing the motor from being burnt out, prolonging the service life of the motor, improving the working efficiency of the electric shovel, saving the motor repair cost and spare part purchase cost by about 10 ten thousand yuan every year and having huge indirect benefit.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (6)
1. The method for preventing the electric shovel motor brush from having over-high sparking level comprises the following steps: analyzing the generation reason of brush spark of a direct current motor; step two, a solution is provided; step three, solving the problem of over high sparking grade of a 255HP motor brush; the method is characterized in that:
wherein in the first step, the electromagnetic aspect analysis: when the direct current motor runs, when the load of the direct current motor is increased, the air gap magnetic field is distorted due to the existence of the armature magnetic field, namely, the armature reaction occurs; when the magnetic field of the direct current motor is saturated, the armature reaction not only distorts the synthesized magnetic field, but also reduces the total magnetic field flux, the larger the armature current is, the larger the distortion is, the larger the demagnetization is, and the voltage between the segments on the commutator is uneven due to the distortion of the air gap magnetic field;
in the second step, according to the analysis result obtained in the first step, it is determined that the air gap magnetic field distortion needs to be effectively inhibited if the sparks generated on the surface of the brush and the commutator need to be reduced; the following solutions are hereby obtained: in an ideal state, when the neutral line of the equalizing line is just pulled to the sheet of mica overlapped with the lap winding, the neutral line is overlapped with a geometric neutral line generated by an excitation winding of the motor, and at the moment, current flows into the equalizing line winding through symmetrical electric brushes, and the electric brushes do not generate sparks; on the contrary, if the neutral line of the equalizing line is not overlapped with the neutral line of the lap winding and is different from the geometric neutral line of the motor by a piece of mica, then strong current enters the electric brush through the adjacent piece due to the rotation of the armature, sparks are generated in front of the rotation direction of the electric brush and flow into the equalizing line, and if the deviation is larger, the generated sparks are also larger;
in the third step, according to the solution obtained in the second step, the winding pitch is checked before the new 255HP motor commutator is installed, the fact that the neutral line is pulled up in the middle of the magnet at the middle position of 1-18 slots is determined, the neutral line is pulled on the middle mica which corresponds to two vertical pieces of the commutator and is not embedded with the equalizing line is determined, because the vertical pieces of the commutator of the 255HP motor are designed into a deep vertical piece and two shallow vertical pieces, only when the neutral line is pulled by the method, the neutral line of the equalizing line can be pulled on the same mica with the neutral line of the lap winding, so that the neutral line is consistent with the geometric neutral line of the motor, and no spark is generated under the electric brush.
2. The method of preventing excessive levels of electric shovel motor brush sparking according to claim 1, characterized by: in the first step, the air-gap magnetic field is mainly a synthetic magnetic field generated by a main magnetic field and an armature magnetic field, the main magnetic field is a magnetic field generated by direct current introduced into the excitation winding, and when the armature magnetic field is loaded, current in the armature winding passes through the generated magnetic field.
3. The method of preventing excessive levels of electric shovel motor brush sparking according to claim 1, characterized by: in the first step, the armature reaction may cause a physical neutral line offset of the air gap field of the motor, which is represented by: the motor rotation direction is shown in fig. 1, and the air-gap field of the motor is weakened at the rear end of the front end of the main magnet plate of the motor, so that the physical neutral line m of the air-gap field generates an angle beta against the armature rotation direction, wherein the size of the angle beta is determined by the size of the armature current.
4. The method of preventing excessive levels of electric shovel motor brush sparking according to claim 1, characterized by: in the third step, the 255HP motor mainly comprises a stator part and a rotor part.
5. The method of preventing excessive levels of electric shovel motor brush sparking according to claim 4, characterized by: the stator part mainly comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, a main pole winding, a pole-supplementing winding, an electric brush device, a large end cover, a small end cover and the like, wherein the 255HP motor is not provided with a slip ring; the rotor part mainly comprises a rotating shaft, an iron core, a commutator, an armature winding, a voltage-equalizing winding, a fan seat, a bearing retaining sleeve, a bearing support and the like.
6. The method of preventing excessive levels of electric shovel motor brush sparking according to claim 1, characterized by: in the third step, the data of the rotor winding of the 255HP motor are as follows: the number of the slots is 70, the number of the coils is 70, the number of branches is 3, the slot pitch YK is 1-18, the commutator segment pitch YK is 1-2, the winding is a single-lap winding, 35 equalizing wires are arranged, the equalizing wire pitch YK is 1-106, a wire gauge is 1.26 × 6.56, and the equalizing wire specification is 1.25 × 3.15.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111630411.5A CN114189089B (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Method for preventing electric shovel motor brush spark from being over-rated |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111630411.5A CN114189089B (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Method for preventing electric shovel motor brush spark from being over-rated |
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| CN114189089A true CN114189089A (en) | 2022-03-15 |
| CN114189089B CN114189089B (en) | 2023-08-01 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB693011A (en) * | 1950-08-01 | 1953-06-17 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to dynamo-electric machines |
| RU67284U1 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2007-10-10 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Томский политехнический университет | DEVICE INDICATOR INDICATOR OF DC COLLECTOR ELECTRIC MACHINES WITH CUTTING BRUSHES |
| CN103840611A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-06-04 | 重庆万力联兴实业(集团)有限公司 | Method for prolong service life of permanent magnet direct current motor of automobile fuel pump |
| CN106230206A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2016-12-14 | 卢亚和 | A kind of armature manufacture method of New-type electric machine |
| CN107785763A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of electric brush for electric tool motor |
| CN109599975A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2019-04-09 | 东风汽车电气有限公司 | A kind of starter |
-
2021
- 2021-12-28 CN CN202111630411.5A patent/CN114189089B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB693011A (en) * | 1950-08-01 | 1953-06-17 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to dynamo-electric machines |
| RU67284U1 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2007-10-10 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Томский политехнический университет | DEVICE INDICATOR INDICATOR OF DC COLLECTOR ELECTRIC MACHINES WITH CUTTING BRUSHES |
| CN103840611A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-06-04 | 重庆万力联兴实业(集团)有限公司 | Method for prolong service life of permanent magnet direct current motor of automobile fuel pump |
| CN107785763A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of electric brush for electric tool motor |
| CN106230206A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2016-12-14 | 卢亚和 | A kind of armature manufacture method of New-type electric machine |
| CN109599975A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2019-04-09 | 东风汽车电气有限公司 | A kind of starter |
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