CN114185165A - Image space scanning optical system based on large-field-of-view objective lens and single point source detector - Google Patents
Image space scanning optical system based on large-field-of-view objective lens and single point source detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN114185165A CN114185165A CN202111337216.3A CN202111337216A CN114185165A CN 114185165 A CN114185165 A CN 114185165A CN 202111337216 A CN202111337216 A CN 202111337216A CN 114185165 A CN114185165 A CN 114185165A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011895 specific detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/02—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
- G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/10—Scanning systems
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Abstract
An image space scanning optical system based on a large-view-field objective lens and a single point source detector relates to the field of optical systems and solves the problems of low scanning speed, low working efficiency, low actual working reliability and short service life of the conventional object space scanning optical system. The invention discloses an image space scanning optical system based on a large-field-of-view objective and a single point source detector, which comprises: the telescope front group, the scanning reflector, the focusing imaging rear group and the point source detector; the scanning reflector is placed at the exit pupil position of the front group of the telescope; the light rays of each field of view sequentially pass through the front group of the telescope, the scanning reflector and the focusing imaging rear group to be converged on the point source detector. The invention improves the farthest detectable distance of the system and the working efficiency of the system, improves the scanning efficiency and stability of the system, and has low cost and high detection sensitivity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical systems, in particular to an image space scanning optical system based on a large-field-of-view objective and a single point source detector.
Background
Under the condition that a detector is fixed, the resolution of a staring type infrared searching and tracking system is reduced if a large-field-of-view target is searched, and the scanning type infrared system can search and track the target in the large field of view without losing the resolution.
The traditional object space scanning optical system has large caliber and large volume, and the scanning reflecting mirror of the main optical element is large in size because the scanning reflecting mirror needs to be arranged at the foremost end of the whole object space scanning optical system, so that the scanning speed of the system is influenced, and the working efficiency of the system is reduced. In addition, in the object space scanning optical system, the scanning mirror is externally arranged, so that after the system works for a long time, the scanning mirror is influenced by environmental factors, the conditions of dust, mud, dew and the like on a reflecting surface occur, the reflectivity is further influenced, and the farthest working distance of the system is reduced. Therefore, although the object space scanning optical system has a relatively simple structure and is easy to design, the actual working reliability of the object space scanning optical system is greatly reduced, and the service life and the actual application effect of the system are further influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an image space scanning optical system based on a large-field-of-view objective and a single point source detector, aiming at solving the problems of low scanning speed, low working efficiency, low actual working reliability and short service life of the system in the existing object space scanning optical system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
the invention discloses an image space scanning optical system based on a large-field-of-view objective and a single point source detector, which comprises: the telescope front group, the scanning reflector, the focusing imaging rear group and the point source detector; the scanning reflector is placed at the exit pupil position of the front group of the telescope; the light rays of each field of view sequentially pass through the front group of the telescope, the scanning reflector and the focusing imaging rear group to be converged on the point source detector.
Furthermore, the telescope front group is used as an objective lens, adopts a Keplerian telescope structure form and consists of a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens and a sixth lens; the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, the sixth lens and the scanning reflector are sequentially arranged along a light path; each field light ray sequentially passes through the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens and the sixth lens to be incident to the scanning reflector; and the high-resolution target searching and tracking is realized by changing the angle of the scanning reflecting mirror.
Furthermore, the angle rotation range of the scanning reflecting mirror is 45 degrees +/-15 degrees, the fast scanning of the 15-degree field range of the object space is realized, and the scanning efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the focusing imaging rear group consists of a first focusing imaging lens and a second focusing imaging lens; the rear end of the scanning reflector converges emergent rays of a large view field in the front group of the telescope onto a point source detector through a first focusing imaging mirror and a second focusing imaging mirror, and energy is received through the point source detector.
Furthermore, a filter wheel is arranged in front of the point source detector, a multispectral image of the target is obtained by arranging different optical filters, after one-time scanning of the whole space is completed, the optical filters are switched to another spectral band, and the spectral data of the next spectral band are collected continuously.
Further, the curvature radius of the front surface of the first lens is 98.35mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the first lens is 159.14 mm; the radius of curvature of the front surface of the second lens is 127.18mm, and the radius of curvature of the rear surface of the second lens is 84.87 mm; the radius of curvature of the front surface of the third lens is 49.98mm, and the radius of curvature of the rear surface of the third lens is 52.68 mm; the curvature radius of the front surface of the fourth lens is-24.29 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the fourth lens is-47.91 mm; the curvature radius of the front surface of the fifth lens is-284.55 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the fifth lens is-48.52 mm; the curvature radius of the front surface of the sixth lens is-947.84 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the sixth lens is-201.96 mm; the curvature radius of the front surface of the first focusing imaging mirror is-81.79 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the first focusing imaging mirror is-249.78 mm; the curvature radius of the front surface of the second focusing imaging mirror is-240.95 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the second focusing imaging mirror is-106.17 mm.
Further, the first lens thickness is 15 mm; the second lens thickness is 9.8mm, the third lens thickness is 18mm, the fourth lens thickness is 9.6mm, the fifth lens thickness is 9.4mm, and the sixth lens thickness is 4.97 mm; the thickness of the first focusing imaging lens is-9.99 mm; the thickness of the second focusing imaging lens is-10 mm.
Further, the first lens material is Silicon; the second lens material is Germanium, the third lens material is Silicon, the fourth lens material is Germanium, the fifth lens material is Silicon, and the sixth lens material is Silicon; the first focusing imaging lens is made of Silicon; the second focusing imaging mirror material is Germanium.
Further, the center distance between the first lens and the second lens is 4.23 mm; the center distance between the second lens and the third lens is 120 mm; the central distance between the third lens and the fourth lens is 21.21 mm; the center distance between the fourth lens and the fifth lens is 1.99 mm; the center distance between the fifth lens and the sixth lens is 25 mm.
Further, the optical indexes of the optical system are as follows:
(1) focal length: -400 m;
(2) entrance pupil diameter: 60 mm;
(3) f number: 6.67;
(4) visual field: 360 ° × 15 °;
(5) imaging circle diameter <1 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to an image space scanning optical system based on a large-view-field objective lens and a single point source detector. Compared with an object space scanning optical system and an image space scanning optical system, the scanning optical system has the advantages of small caliber and high scanning speed, and the scanning reflector is placed in the optical path of the system, so that the reliability of the system is greatly improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the farthest detectable distance of the system and the working efficiency of the system are improved
The invention adopts a telescope with a large entrance pupil diameter and a large visual field as an objective lens, the objective lens adopts a Kepler telescope structure form, the entrance pupil diameter of the incident end of the system reaches 60mm, the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is greatly increased, and the farthest detectable distance of the system is further improved; meanwhile, the maximum field of view of the incident end of the objective lens is 15 degrees, large field of view imaging of the forest overhead area can be achieved, and the working efficiency of the system is improved.
(2) The scanning efficiency and stability of the system are improved
In the invention, the scanning reflector is arranged at the exit pupil position of the objective lens, the aperture of the light beam is compressed by adopting the objective lens, the size of the scanning reflector is reduced, the scanning efficiency is improved, and the high-resolution target searching and tracking are realized by changing the angle of the scanning reflector.
In addition, the size of the scanning reflector adopted in the invention is only 30mm, which is far smaller than that of the scanning reflector (about 100 mm) of a conventional forest fire-object space scanning system, the scanning reflector is small in size, the scanning speed can be improved, the scanning efficiency is improved, and the stability and the environmental adaptability are greatly improved as the scanning reflector is internally arranged in the system.
(3) The detector adopts a point source detector, the cost is low, and the detection sensitivity is high
In the invention, the detector adopts a point source detector, the cost is far lower than that of an area array infrared detector, and the specific detection rate close to that of a liquid nitrogen refrigeration detector can be achieved only by simple thermoelectric refrigeration, so the detection sensitivity of the system is higher.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic optical path diagram of an image scanning optical system based on a large-field-of-view objective lens and a single point source detector.
In the figure, 1, a first lens, 2, a second lens, 3, a third lens, 4, a fourth lens, 5, a fifth lens, 6, a sixth lens, 7, a scanning reflector, 8, a first focusing imaging mirror, 9, a second focusing imaging mirror, 10 and a point source detector.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the image scanning optical system based on the large field of view objective and single point source detector of the present invention mainly comprises a telescope front group, a scanning reflector 7, a focusing imaging back group and a point source detector 10.
The telescope front group is used as an objective lens, specifically adopts a Keplerian telescope structure form, and mainly comprises a first lens 1, a second lens 2, a third lens 3, a fourth lens 4, a fifth lens 5 and a sixth lens 6.
Wherein, the focusing imaging rear group mainly comprises a first focusing imaging lens 8 and a second focusing imaging lens 9.
The first lens 1, the second lens 2, the third lens 3, the fourth lens 4, the fifth lens 5, the sixth lens 6, and the scanning mirror 7 are sequentially disposed along an optical path of the optical system, wherein the scanning mirror 7 is placed at an exit pupil position of the front group of the telescope.
The image space scanning optical system based on the large-field-of-view objective and the single point source detector can be placed on a ball table or a rotary table, and can realize horizontal 360-degree and vertical 15-degree scanning. Wherein, each field light ray is incident to the scanning reflector 7 through the first lens 1, the second lens 2, the third lens 3, the fourth lens 4, the fifth lens 5 and the sixth lens 6 in sequence; the high-resolution target searching and tracking are realized by changing the angle of the scanning reflector 7, the angle rotation range of the scanning reflector 7 is 45 degrees +/-15 degrees, the fast scanning of the 15-degree field range of an object space can be realized, and the scanning efficiency is improved; the rear end of the scanning reflector 7 converges the emergent light of the large view field of the front group of the telescope onto a point source detector 10 through a first focusing imaging mirror 8 and a second focusing imaging mirror 9 in the focusing imaging rear group, and the energy is received through the point source detector 10. Meanwhile, a filter wheel can be arranged in front of the point source detector 10, multispectral images of the target can be obtained by arranging different filters, and after one-time scanning of the whole space is finished, the multispectral images of the target can be obtainedSwitching the optical filter to another spectral band, continuously collecting spectral data of the next spectral band, and realizing the aim at forest combustion open fire, hidden fire and CO through corresponding algorithms2And (3) detecting spectrums such as gas and the like, thereby realizing the rapid alarm of forest fire.
The image space scanning optical system based on the large-field-of-view objective and the single point source detector has the following optical indexes:
(1) focal length: -400 m;
(2) entrance pupil diameter: 60 mm;
(3) f number: 6.67;
(4) visual field: 360 ° × 15 °;
(5) imaging circle diameter <1 mm.
The invention discloses an image space scanning optical system based on a large-field-of-view objective and a single point source detector, and the parameters of each lens are shown in the following table.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Image space scanning optical system based on large-field-of-view objective lens and single point source detector is characterized by comprising: the telescope front group, the scanning reflector, the focusing imaging rear group and the point source detector; the scanning reflector is placed at the exit pupil position of the front group of the telescope; the light rays of each field of view sequentially pass through the front group of the telescope, the scanning reflector and the focusing imaging rear group to be converged on the point source detector.
2. The image space scanning optical system based on the large-field objective lens and the single point source detector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the telescope front group is used as an objective lens and is in a Keplerian telescope structure form and is composed of a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens and a sixth lens; the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, the sixth lens and the scanning reflector are sequentially arranged along a light path; each field light ray sequentially passes through the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens and the sixth lens to be incident to the scanning reflector; and the high-resolution target searching and tracking is realized by changing the angle of the scanning reflecting mirror.
3. The image scanning optical system based on the large-field-of-view objective lens and the single point source detector as claimed in claim 2, wherein the angular rotation range of the scanning mirror is 45 ° ± 15 °, so that the object scanning is rapidly performed within a 15 ° field of view, and the scanning efficiency is improved.
4. The image scanning optical system based on the large-field objective lens and the single point source detector as claimed in claim 2, wherein the focused imaging rear group is composed of a first focused imaging lens and a second focused imaging lens; the rear end of the scanning reflector converges emergent rays of a large view field in the front group of the telescope onto a point source detector through a first focusing imaging mirror and a second focusing imaging mirror, and energy is received through the point source detector.
5. The image scanning optical system of claim 4 based on the large field of view objective and the single point source detector, wherein a filter wheel is placed in front of the point source detector, a multispectral image of the target is obtained by placing different filters, and after one scanning of the whole space is completed, the filter is switched to another spectral band, and the spectral data of the next spectral band is continuously collected.
6. The image scanning optical system based on the large field of view objective and the single point source detector as claimed in claim 5, wherein the first lens has a front surface curvature radius of 98.35mm and a rear surface curvature radius of 159.14 mm; the radius of curvature of the front surface of the second lens is 127.18mm, and the radius of curvature of the rear surface of the second lens is 84.87 mm; the radius of curvature of the front surface of the third lens is 49.98mm, and the radius of curvature of the rear surface of the third lens is 52.68 mm; the curvature radius of the front surface of the fourth lens is-24.29 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the fourth lens is-47.91 mm; the curvature radius of the front surface of the fifth lens is-284.55 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the fifth lens is-48.52 mm; the curvature radius of the front surface of the sixth lens is-947.84 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the sixth lens is-201.96 mm; the curvature radius of the front surface of the first focusing imaging mirror is-81.79 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the first focusing imaging mirror is-249.78 mm; the curvature radius of the front surface of the second focusing imaging mirror is-240.95 mm, and the curvature radius of the rear surface of the second focusing imaging mirror is-106.17 mm.
7. The image scanning optical system based on a large field of view objective and a single point source detector of claim 5, wherein the first lens thickness is 15 mm; the second lens thickness is 9.8mm, the third lens thickness is 18mm, the fourth lens thickness is 9.6mm, the fifth lens thickness is 9.4mm, and the sixth lens thickness is 4.97 mm; the thickness of the first focusing imaging lens is-9.99 mm; the thickness of the second focusing imaging lens is-10 mm.
8. The image scanning optical system based on a large field of view objective and a single point source detector of claim 5, wherein the first lens material is Silicon; the second lens material is Germanium, the third lens material is Silicon, the fourth lens material is Germanium, the fifth lens material is Silicon, and the sixth lens material is Silicon; the first focusing imaging lens is made of Silicon; the second focusing imaging mirror material is Germanium.
9. The image scanning optical system based on the large field of view objective and the single point source detector of claim 5, wherein the center distance between the first lens and the second lens is 4.23 mm; the center distance between the second lens and the third lens is 120 mm; the central distance between the third lens and the fourth lens is 21.21 mm; the center distance between the fourth lens and the fifth lens is 1.99 mm; the center distance between the fifth lens and the sixth lens is 25 mm.
10. The image space scanning optical system based on the large-field objective lens and the single point source detector as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the optical indexes of the optical system are as follows:
(1) focal length: -400 m;
(2) entrance pupil diameter: 60 mm;
(3) f number: 6.67;
(4) visual field: 360 ° × 15 °;
(5) imaging circle diameter <1 mm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114609778A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-06-10 | 北京工业大学 | Optimization method of dynamic focusing scanning galvanometer system and light path structure |
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| CN112505916A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-16 | 哈尔滨新光光电科技股份有限公司 | Image space scanning optical system based on curved surface prism |
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2021
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4099829A (en) * | 1977-02-23 | 1978-07-11 | Harris Corporation | Flat field optical scanning system |
| CN101158746A (en) * | 2007-11-27 | 2008-04-09 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Space large caliber compression light beam relaying scanned imagery optical system |
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| CN114609778A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-06-10 | 北京工业大学 | Optimization method of dynamic focusing scanning galvanometer system and light path structure |
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