CN114184444A - Visualization system and method for initiating migration of coal powder in fracture induced by gas-water two-phase flow - Google Patents
Visualization system and method for initiating migration of coal powder in fracture induced by gas-water two-phase flow Download PDFInfo
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- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal bed gas development, and discloses a visualization system and a visualization method for initiating migration of coal powder in a crack induced by gas-water two-phase flow. The micro-flow unit is a cuboid coal rock slice containing artificial fractures, the periphery of the micro-flow unit is wrapped by a silicone rubber layer, and the artificial fractures are prepared by a three-point bending method; the seam width adjusting device consists of a rock block holder and a spiral positioner. The width of the artificial fracture is adjusted through the spiral positioner, a complex rock core clamping system is not needed, the operation is simple and convenient, and the cost is low; by means of a laser confocal microscopic imaging technology, visual representation and quantitative analysis of the behavior of initiating migration of the coal powder in the fracture induced by gas-water two-phase flow can be realized; the provided micro-flow unit can be repeatedly used, so that the research on the influence rule of gas and liquid phase apparent flow velocity, two-phase flow pattern, crack width, coal powder size fraction and coal powder type on the coal powder starting migration behavior is facilitated, and the experimental system has more powerful functions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal bed methane development, and particularly relates to a visualized system and method for inducing coal powder to start migration by gas-water two-phase flow in coal bed fractures.
Background
At present, coal rock has the characteristics of hard texture, brittle property and easy cracking, the compressive/tensile strength is low, the Poisson ratio is large, and the coal rock structure is induced to change by extremely small stress disturbance, so that coal dust particles are generated. During the drainage and production process of the coal bed gas well, the coal powder starts and moves along with the fluid, so that seepage channels (cutting/cracks and supporting cracks) can be blocked, the permeability of the coal bed is damaged, the problems of shaft blockage, pump burying, pump blocking, pump leakage and the like can be induced, and the continuous, stable and efficient drainage and production of the coal bed gas well can be seriously damaged. Mine tests show that the coal powder production problem runs through all stages of the discharge and production of the coal bed gas well, particularly the gas-water two-phase flow stage is the most serious, gas production and water yield in the stage fluctuate severely, and the frequency of well repair operation is increased steeply. In view of the fact that coal powder output in the two-phase flow stage is multi-source in a cleat/fracture system, a coal powder starting-migration rule in the cleat/fracture is disclosed, scientific and reasonable control measures are provided based on the law, and the method is the key for guaranteeing high and stable yield of the coal-bed gas well in the two-phase flow stage.
At present, the method for researching the coal powder starting-migration rule in the coal seam cleats/fractures can be summarized into a rock core displacement method and a visualization method, wherein the visualization method is more intuitive than the rock core displacement method and can describe the coal powder migration details in all directions. According to the retrieval, the Chinese patent with the application number of 201220667159.5 discloses a visual experimental device for the migration rule of coal dust in a crack, which adopts two organic glass plates to simulate the crack space of a coal seam and records the migration behavior of the coal dust in the crack through high-definition camera equipment. However, the migration rule of the coal powder in the cracks is closely related to the surface physicochemical properties (wettability, electrochemistry, roughness and the like) of the cracks, and the surface physicochemical properties of the organic glass plate are obviously different from the surface of the coal seam cracks, so that the coal powder migration behavior in the coal seam cracks is difficult to truly depict by adopting the organic glass plate. The Chinese patent with the application number of 201310055324.0 discloses a coal bed gas reservoir coal dust generation, migration, sedimentation and blockage dynamic evaluation instrument which is provided with a visual core holder and can observe and observe natural fractures on the surface of a coal sample and the formation, migration, sedimentation and blockage rules of the coal dust in the coal sample under the condition of simulating the working conditions on site by an imaging technology. However, the coal sample in the experimental scheme provided by the patent cannot be reused, so that research on influence factors of starting-migration of coal powder in the fracture induced by gas-water two-phase flow is difficult to develop, and the method has certain limitation in application function.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) in the prior art, the artificial fractures made based on glass plates are difficult to reduce the surface performance of natural fractures of coal beds, the coal powder starting-migration behavior cannot be truly simulated, and the obtained related information has poor accuracy;
(2) in the prior art, a coal powder starting-migration visualization experiment is carried out based on natural fractures in a coal sample, and although the starting-migration behavior of coal powder can be truly reproduced, the natural fractures are difficult to be recycled, so that the research on the influence factors of the coal powder starting-migration behavior cannot be carried out, and the function of an experiment system is single;
(3) in the prior art, the rock core clamping device with a complex structure is adopted for a plurality of times, the width of an artificial fracture or a natural fracture is adjusted, the operation of the experimental process is complex, and the cost is high.
In view of the above, the invention provides a visualized system and method for inducing coal powder start migration by gas-water two-phase flow in coal seam fractures. According to the invention, based on the coal rock slice wrapped by the silicon rubber, the artificial crack is prepared by adopting a three-point bending method, and the width of the artificial crack is regulated and controlled by the spiral positioner, so that the real physicochemical property of the surface of the coal seam crack is simulated, and the reutilization of a coal sample and the free adjustment of the crack width can be realized. The method has important practical significance for revealing the coal powder starting-migration rule and the influence factors thereof in the coal bed gas well gas-water extraction stage fracture, further providing a targeted coal powder control strategy and realizing long-term stable gas production of the coal bed gas well.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the disclosed embodiment of the invention provides a visualized system and method for inducing coal powder to start migration by gas-water two-phase flow in coal seam fractures.
The technical scheme is as follows: a coal seam crack gas-water two-phase flow induced pulverized coal start migration visualization system comprises:
the micro-flow unit comprises a cuboid coal rock slice containing an artificial fracture, a transparent silicon rubber layer is wrapped on the periphery of the cuboid coal rock slice and used for providing an internal space for starting and transporting the coal powder and visualization conditions, the artificial fracture is prepared by a three-point bending method, and two inlet and outlet channels are drilled in the silicon rubber layer and communicated with the artificial fracture.
The seam width adjusting device comprises a rock mass holder and a spiral positioner, wherein the rock mass holder is used for holding the micro-flow unit, and the spiral positioner is used for regulating and controlling the width of the artificial fracture in the micro-flow unit.
In one embodiment, the micro-flow unit is a cuboid coal-rock slice containing artificial fractures, and a transparent silicone rubber layer is wrapped on the periphery of the coal-rock slice containing the artificial fractures;
the micro-flow unit comprises two inlet and outlet ends, the first inlet and outlet end is respectively connected with the first valve and the second valve through two branch pipelines, and the second inlet and outlet end is connected with the fraction collector;
a pressure sensor is connected between the intersection point of the two branch pipelines and the first inlet and outlet ends;
the other ends of the first valve and the second valve are respectively connected with a liquid injection pump and a gas injection pump;
said fraction collector being equipped with a turbidity meter for analysing the turbidity of the liquid in the fraction collector;
a laser confocal microscope is arranged above the micro-flow unit, and a lens of the laser confocal microscope is aligned to the central position of the artificial fracture;
the pressure sensor and the laser confocal microscope are connected with a computer.
In one embodiment, the seam width adjusting device is composed of a base, a support, a first rock block holder, a second rock block holder and a spiral positioner;
install two supports on the base, first rock piece holder and second rock piece holder are installed two respectively on the support, and first rock piece holder and second rock piece holder install in same height.
In an embodiment, the first rock block holder is a fixed member and the second rock block holder is a movable member;
the second rock mass holder is provided with a spiral positioner, the second rock mass holder is horizontally moved by rotating the spiral positioner to adjust the distance between the two rock mass holders, and the width of the artificial fracture is regulated and controlled within the range of 10-100 microns.
The invention also aims to provide a visualization method for inducing the coal powder to start migration by the gas-water two-phase flow in the coal seam fissures, which comprises the following steps:
sample preparation: manufacturing a cuboid coal rock slice, wrapping the periphery of the cuboid coal rock slice with transparent silicon rubber, and performing artificial seam making on the coal rock slice by adopting a three-point bending method;
preparing suspensions of different types and different size fractions of coal dust;
visualization experiment: the coal rock slice is arranged on the seam width adjusting device, the width of the artificial fracture is set through the spiral positioner, coal powder is laid on the surface of the artificial fracture, a gas-water two-phase flow induced coal powder starting-migration experiment is carried out, and the information of the coal powder starting-migration behavior in the fracture is observed and recorded by adopting a laser confocal microscope.
In one embodiment, the sample preparation comprises:
making a coal sample collected on site into a cuboid coal rock slice, wrapping the periphery of the coal rock slice with transparent silicon rubber, and cutting off redundant silicon rubber to a preset shape after the silicon rubber is cured; the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out manual seam making on the coal rock slice by adopting a three-point bending method, wherein the manual seam making method comprises the following steps: placing the prepared silicon rubber-coated coal rock thin sheet on two supporting points, and applying a certain load above the coal rock thin sheet until the coal rock thin sheet is broken into two parts to form artificial cracks; drilling silicon rubber layers at two ends of the artificial crack by using a puncher to form a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of the artificial crack, installing pipelines at the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, and sealing the pipelines and the silicon rubber by using glue.
Crushing the coal sample collected on site, and screening out 150-180, 200-250, 300-400, 400-600, 600-800, 800-1000 and 1000-2000-mesh coal powder particles by adopting a vibrating screen; the coal dust particles comprise two types of organic matter particles and inorganic mineral particles, wherein inorganic minerals mainly comprise kaolinite and illite. Taking 600-mesh 800-mesh coal powder particles, and removing impurity minerals by using a small floating and sinking method to obtain relatively pure organic matter particles; crushing the collected kaolinite and illite, and screening out 600-800-mesh kaolinite particles and illite particles. And after the coal powder with different particle sizes and different types is prepared, carrying out fluorescence treatment on the coal powder.
Preparing a 2% KCl solution, and preparing suspensions of different types of coal dust with different particle sizes by taking the 2% KCl solution as a background solution, wherein the concentration of the suspension is 0.3-1.0g/L, and the suspensions are used for paving the adhered coal dust in the cracks.
Preparing a fluorescent 2% KCl solution, wherein the fluorescent color of the solution is different from that of the coal powder, and the fluorescent 2% KCl solution and experimental nitrogen are injected into the fracture in a synergistic manner to form gas-water two-phase flow.
In one embodiment, the coal powder start-migration visualization comprises:
step 1: vacuumizing the prepared coal rock slice, saturating 2% KCl solution for 48 hours, then installing the coal rock slice on a seam width adjusting device, keeping the initial seam width unchanged, and then connecting an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline;
step 2: adjusting a spiral positioner to stretch a coal sample, increasing the width of an artificial fracture, opening a first valve, starting a liquid injection pump, and injecting distilled water into the artificial fracture at a flow rate of 1.0mL/min until the turbidity of the produced liquid is consistent with that of the distilled water, so as to remove residual coal powder in the fracture;
and step 3: adjusting a spiral positioner to a preset position, injecting 2% KCl solution into the artificial fracture at a flow rate of 1.0mL/min until the pressure difference at the inlet and outlet ends is kept constant, then calculating the equivalent hydraulic fracture width of the artificial fracture based on the cubic law, and if the equivalent hydraulic fracture width does not reach the preset fracture width, repeating the step 3;
and 4, step 4: injecting coal powder suspension with the pore volume of 2-3 into the artificial fractures at the flow rate of 1.0mL/min, wherein the particle size of the injected coal powder needs to be less than 0.8 time of the equivalent hydraulic fracture width, and then injecting 2% KCl solution at the same flow rate until the turbidity of the produced solution is consistent with that of the 2% KCl solution;
and 5: opening the first valve and the second valve, simultaneously opening the gas injection pump and the liquid injection pump, injecting nitrogen and a 2% KCl solution of fluorescence into the artificial fissure at a certain gas phase flow rate and liquid phase flow rate, and acquiring a gas-water two-phase flow pattern in the fissure and start-migration information of the adhered coal powder through a laser confocal microscope;
step 6: and processing the image, determining the flow pattern of the gas-water two-phase flow, the migration pattern of the coal powder and the dynamic migration rule thereof, and quantitatively calculating the starting rate of the coal powder adhered to the artificial crack surface.
In one embodiment, the formula of the cubic law for calculating the equivalent hydraulic width of the artificial fracture in the step 3 is as follows
In the formula: h is the crack width, m; q is the flow, m3S; mu is liquid viscosity, Pa.s; l is the fracture length, m; delta p is the pressure difference at the inlet and outlet ends, Pa; w is the fracture height, m.
In one embodiment, the formula for calculating the starting rate of the artificial crack surface adhesion coal dust in the step 5 is as follows:
in the formula: f. ofDThe start rate of the pulverized coal is percent; n is a radical of0The quantity of the coal dust adhered to the crack surface before the gas-water two-phase flow is dimensionless; n is the quantity of the crack surface adhered coal powder after two-phase flow, and is dimensionless.
In one embodiment, based on the steps, the gas phase flow, the liquid phase flow, the artificial fracture width, the coal powder size fraction and the coal powder type are changed by a single factor, and the influence rule of the gas phase, the liquid phase apparent flow rate, the two-phase flow pattern, the fracture width, the coal powder size fraction and the coal powder type on the coal powder starting-migration behavior can be analyzed.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
according to the invention, the silicon rubber is used for wrapping the coal rock slice containing the artificial fracture, the width of the artificial fracture is adjusted through the spiral positioner, a complex rock core clamping system is not required, the operation is simple and convenient, and the cost is low;
the method adopts a three-point bending method to perform seam making on the coal rock slice, the method is simple, the formed artificial fractures and natural fractures have similar surface properties, and the starting-migration behavior of the coal powder in the coal seam fractures can be truly simulated;
the invention can realize visual representation and quantitative analysis of the coal powder starting migration behavior in the gas-water two-phase flow induced fracture by means of the laser confocal microscopic imaging technology, and the provided micro-flow unit can be repeatedly used, thereby facilitating the research on the influence rule of the gas-liquid phase apparent flow velocity, the two-phase flow pattern, the fracture width, the coal powder particle size fraction and the coal powder type on the coal powder starting migration behavior, and leading the experimental system to have more powerful functions.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a visualization system for inducing coal powder to start migration by gas-water two-phase flow in a coal seam fracture according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a seam width adjusting device and a micro-flow unit in a visualization system for inducing coal powder to start migration by gas-water two-phase flow in coal seam fractures provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of experimental steps of a visualization method for inducing coal powder start migration by gas-water two-phase flow in coal seam fissures according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a liquid injection pump; 2. a gas injection pump; 3. a first valve; 4. a second valve; 5. a pressure sensor; 6. a silicone rubber layer; 7. a cuboid coal rock slice containing artificial fractures; 8. a first rock block holder; 9. a support; 10. a base; 11. a laser confocal microscope; 12. a computer; 13. a fraction collector; 14. a turbidity meter; 15. a second rock block holder; 16. a screw locator; 17. artificial fractures.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a visualization system for initiating migration of coal powder induced by gas-water two-phase flow in a coal seam fracture, including: a micro-flow unit and a slit width adjusting device;
the micro-flow unit is a cuboid coal rock slice 7 containing artificial fractures, and a transparent silicon rubber layer 6 is wrapped on the periphery of the micro-flow unit and is used for providing an internal space and a visual condition for starting and transporting the coal powder;
the slit width adjusting means is used to hold the microfluidic element and adjust the width of the artificial fissure 17.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
the micro-flow unit comprises two inlet and outlet ends, wherein the first inlet and outlet end is connected with the first valve 3 and the second valve 4 through two branch pipelines respectively, and the second inlet and outlet end is connected with the fraction collector 13.
And a pressure sensor 5 is connected between the intersection point of the two branch pipelines and the first inlet and outlet ends of the micro-flow unit.
The other ends of the first valve 3 and the second valve 4 are respectively connected with the liquid injection pump 1 and the gas injection pump 2.
Said fraction collector 13 is equipped with a turbidity meter 14 for analyzing the turbidity of the liquid in the fraction collector 13;
in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the confocal laser microscope 11 is located above the microfluidic unit, and its lens is aligned with the center of the artificial fracture 17;
the pressure sensor 5 and the laser confocal microscope 11 are connected with a computer 12.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the slot width adjusting device is constituted by a base 10, a support 9, a first block holder 8, a second block holder 15 and a screw locator 16, as shown in particular in fig. 1 and 2.
Install two supports 9 on the base 10, install respectively on two supports 9 first rock mass holder 8 and second rock mass holder 15, and first rock mass holder 8 and second rock mass holder 15 install in same height.
The first rock block holder 8 belongs to a fixed member and the second rock block holder 15 belongs to a movable member.
The second rock block holder 8 is provided with a spiral positioner 16, the second rock block holder 15 can be horizontally moved by rotating the spiral positioner 16 to adjust the distance between the two rock block holders, so that the width of the artificial fissure 17 can be adjusted, and the adjustment range of the width of the artificial fissure 17 is 10-100 mu m.
The visualized method for inducing the coal powder to start migration by the gas-water two-phase flow in the coal seam fissures provided by the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) sample preparation
Manufacturing site-collected anthracite coal of No. 3 x basin into a coal and rock slice with the size of 20mm x 15mm x 5mm, wrapping the periphery of the coal and rock slice with transparent silicon rubber, and cutting off redundant silicon rubber to the size of 40mm x 35mm x 10mm after the silicon rubber is solidified; then, performing artificial crack formation on the coal rock slice by adopting a three-point bending method, namely placing the prepared silicon rubber-coated coal rock slice on two supporting points, and applying a certain load above the coal rock slice until the cuboid coal rock slice 7 containing the artificial crack is broken into two parts to form the artificial crack; and finally, drilling silicone rubber layers at two ends of the artificial crack by using a puncher to form a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of the artificial crack, installing plastic hoses with diameters of 2mm at the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, and sealing the plastic hoses and the silicone rubber by using glue.
Crushing the coal sample collected on site, and screening out 150-180, 200-250, 300-400, 400-600, 600-800, 800-1000 and 1000-2000-mesh coal powder particles by adopting a vibrating screen; the coal dust particles comprise two types of organic matter particles and inorganic mineral particles, wherein inorganic minerals mainly comprise kaolinite and illite. Taking 600-mesh 800-mesh coal powder particles, and removing impurity minerals by using a small floating and sinking method to obtain relatively pure organic matter particles; crushing the collected kaolinite and illite, and screening out 600-800-mesh kaolinite particles and illite particles. And after the coal powder particles are manufactured, performing fluorescence treatment on the coal powder particles by adopting red rhodamine B.
Preparing a 2% KCl solution, and preparing suspensions of different types of coal dust with different particle sizes by taking the 2% KCl solution as a background solution, wherein the concentration of the suspension is 0.5g/L, and the suspensions are used for paving the adhered coal dust into the cracks.
Preparing a fluorescent 2% KCl solution, wherein the selected fluorescent treating agent is yellow-green CBPEA. Fluorescent 2% KCl solution and experimental nitrogen are injected into the crack in a synergic manner to form gas-water two-phase flow.
(2) Experimental procedure, as shown in figure 3:
s101: vacuumizing the prepared coal rock slice, saturating 2% KCl solution for 48 hours, then installing the coal rock slice on a seam width adjusting device, keeping the initial seam width unchanged, and then connecting an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline;
s102: adjusting a spiral positioner 16 to stretch a coal sample, increasing the width of the artificial fissure 17, opening a valve 3, starting a liquid injection pump 1, injecting distilled water into the artificial fissure 17 at the flow rate of 1.0mL/min until the turbidity of the produced liquid is consistent with that of the distilled water, and aiming at removing residual coal powder in the fissure.
S103: adjusting a spiral positioner 16 at a preset position, injecting 2% KCl solution into the artificial fracture 17 at a flow rate of 1.0mL/min until the pressure difference at the inlet and outlet ends is kept constant, and calculating the equivalent hydraulic fracture width of the artificial fracture 17 based on the cubic law, namely
In the formula: h is the crack width, m; q is the flow, m3S; mu is liquid viscosity, Pa.s; l is the fracture length, m; Δ p is the pressure difference, Pa, at the inlet and outlet ends; w is the fracture height, m; if the preset seam width is not reached, repeating the step S103;
s104: injecting a coal powder suspension with the pore volume of 2-3 into the artificial fissure 17 at the flow rate of 1.0mL/min, injecting an equivalent hydraulic fracture width with the particle size of the coal powder being less than 0.8 times, and then injecting a 2% KCl solution at the same flow rate until the turbidity of the produced liquid is consistent with that of the 2% KCl solution;
s105: opening a valve 3 and a valve 4, simultaneously opening a liquid injection pump 1 and a gas injection pump 2, injecting nitrogen and a 2% fluorescent KCl solution into the artificial fissure 17 at a certain gas phase flow rate and liquid phase flow rate, and acquiring a two-phase flow pattern and coal powder starting-migration information in the fissure 17 through a laser confocal microscope 11;
s106: processing the image by ImageJ software, determining the flow pattern of the gas-water two-phase flow, the migration pattern of the coal powder and the dynamic migration rule thereof, and calculating the starting rate of the coal powder adhered in the artificial fracture 17, namely
In the formula: f. ofDThe start rate of the pulverized coal is percent; n is a radical of0The quantity of the coal dust adhered to the crack surface before the gas-water two-phase flow is dimensionless; n is the quantity of the crack surface adhered coal powder after two-phase flow, and is dimensionless.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, based on the steps, the gas phase flow, the liquid phase flow, the artificial fracture width, the coal powder size fraction and the coal powder type are changed by a single factor, and the influence rule of gas, liquid phase apparent flow velocity, two-phase flow pattern, fracture width, coal powder size fraction and coal powder type on the coal powder start-migration behavior can be analyzed.
Experiments show that: according to the invention, the silicon rubber is used for wrapping the coal rock slice containing the artificial fracture, the width of the artificial fracture is regulated and controlled through the spiral positioner, a complex rock core clamping system is not required, the operation is simple and convenient, and the cost is low.
The method adopts a three-point bending method to perform seam making on the coal rock slice, is simple, and the formed artificial fractures have similar surface properties with natural fractures, and can truly simulate the coal powder starting-migration behavior in the coal seam fractures.
The invention can realize visual representation and quantitative analysis of the coal powder starting migration behavior in the gas-water two-phase flow induced fracture by means of the laser confocal microscopic imaging technology, and the provided micro-flow unit can be repeatedly used, thereby facilitating the research on the influence rule of the gas-liquid phase apparent flow velocity, the two-phase flow pattern, the fracture width, the coal powder particle size fraction and the coal powder type on the coal powder starting migration behavior, and leading the experimental system to have more powerful functions.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure should be limited only by the attached claims.
Claims (10)
1. A visualized system for inducing coal powder to start migration by using gas-water two-phase flow in coal seam fissures is characterized by comprising:
the micro-flow unit comprises an artificial fracture cuboid coal rock slice prepared by a three-point bending method, wherein a transparent silicone rubber layer is wrapped on the periphery of the cuboid coal rock slice and is used for providing an internal space and a visual condition for starting and transporting the coal powder; two inlet and outlet channels are drilled in the transparent silicon rubber layer and are communicated with the artificial crack;
the seam width adjusting device comprises a rock mass holder and a spiral positioner, wherein the rock mass holder is used for holding the micro-flow unit, and the spiral positioner is used for regulating and controlling the width of the artificial fracture in the micro-flow unit.
2. The system for visualizing initiation migration of coal dust induced by gas-water two-phase flow in fractures of a coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the micro-flow unit is a cuboid coal-rock slice containing artificial fractures, and a transparent silicone rubber layer is wrapped on the periphery of the coal-rock slice containing artificial fractures;
the micro-flow unit comprises two inlet and outlet ends, the first inlet and outlet end is respectively connected with the first valve and the second valve through two branch pipelines, and the second inlet and outlet end is connected with the fraction collector;
a pressure sensor is connected between the intersection point of the two branch pipelines and the first inlet and outlet ends;
the other ends of the first valve and the second valve are respectively connected with a liquid injection pump and a gas injection pump;
said fraction collector being equipped with a turbidity meter for analysing the turbidity of the liquid in the fraction collector;
a laser confocal microscope is arranged above the micro-flow unit, and a lens of the laser confocal microscope is aligned to the central position of the artificial fracture;
the pressure sensor and the laser confocal microscope are connected with a computer.
3. The visualization system for inducing the coal powder to start migration by using the gas-water two-phase flow in the coal seam fissures as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crack width adjusting device is composed of a base, a support, a first rock block holder, a second rock block holder and a spiral positioner;
install two supports on the base, first rock piece holder and second rock piece holder are installed two respectively on the support, and first rock piece holder and second rock piece holder install in same height.
4. The system for visualizing initiation of migration of coal dust induced by gas-water two-phase flow in fractures of a coal seam according to claim 3, wherein the first rock mass holder is a fixed member and the second rock mass holder is a movable member;
the second rock mass holder is provided with a spiral positioner, the second rock mass holder is horizontally moved by rotating the spiral positioner to adjust the distance between the two rock mass holders, and the width of the artificial fracture is regulated and controlled within the range of 10-100 microns.
5. The visualization method for inducing the coal powder to start and migrate through the coal seam fissure internal gas-water two-phase flow of the visualization system for inducing the coal powder to start and migrate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
sample preparation: manufacturing a cuboid coal rock slice, wrapping the periphery of the cuboid coal rock slice by transparent silicon rubber, and performing artificial seam making on the coal rock slice by adopting a three-point bending method;
preparing suspensions of different types and different size fractions of coal dust;
visualization experiment: the coal rock slice is arranged on the seam width adjusting device, the width of the artificial fracture is set through the spiral positioner, coal powder is laid on the surface of the artificial fracture, a gas-water two-phase flow induced coal powder starting-migration experiment is carried out, and the information of the coal powder starting-migration behavior in the fracture is recorded by adopting a laser confocal microscope.
6. The method for visualizing coal seam fissure internal gas-water two-phase flow induced pulverized coal start migration according to claim 5, wherein the sample preparation comprises the following steps:
making a coal sample collected on site into a cuboid coal rock slice, wrapping the periphery of the coal rock slice with transparent silicon rubber, and cutting off redundant silicon rubber to a preset shape after the silicon rubber is cured; the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out manual seam making on the coal rock slice by adopting a three-point bending method, wherein the manual seam making method comprises the following steps: placing the prepared silicon rubber-coated coal rock thin sheet on two supporting points, and applying a load above the coal rock thin sheet until the coal rock thin sheet is broken into two parts to form artificial cracks; drilling silicone rubber layers at two ends of the artificial crack by using a puncher to form a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of the artificial crack, installing pipelines at the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, and sealing the pipelines and the silicone rubber by using glue;
crushing the coal sample collected on site, and screening out 150-180, 200-250, 300-400, 400-600, 600-800, 800-1000 and 1000-2000-mesh coal powder particles by adopting a vibrating screen; the coal dust particles comprise two types of organic matter particles and inorganic mineral particles, wherein the inorganic mineral mainly comprises kaolinite and illite, 600-800-mesh coal dust particles are taken, and impurity minerals are removed by adopting a small float-sink method to obtain the organic matter particles; crushing the collected kaolinite and illite, and screening out 600-sand 800-mesh kaolinite particles and illite particles; after the coal powder with different particle sizes and different types is prepared, performing fluorescence treatment on the coal powder;
preparing a 2% KCl solution, and preparing suspensions of different types of coal dust with different particle sizes by taking the 2% KCl solution as a background solution, wherein the concentration of the suspension is 0.3-1.0g/L, and the suspensions are used for paving the adhered coal dust in the cracks;
preparing a fluorescent 2% KCl solution, and injecting the fluorescent 2% KCl solution and experimental nitrogen into the crack in a synergistic manner to form gas-water two-phase flow.
7. The method for visualizing initiation and migration of coal dust induced by gas-water two-phase flow in fractures of a coal seam according to claim 5, wherein the visualization of initiation and migration of coal dust comprises:
step 1: vacuumizing the prepared coal rock slice, saturating 2% KCl solution for 48 hours, then installing the coal rock slice on a seam width adjusting device, keeping the initial seam width unchanged, and then connecting an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline;
step 2: adjusting a spiral positioner to stretch a coal sample, increasing the width of an artificial fracture, opening a first valve, starting a liquid injection pump, and injecting distilled water into the artificial fracture at a flow rate of 1.0mL/min until the turbidity of the produced liquid is consistent with that of the distilled water, so as to remove residual coal powder in the fracture;
and step 3: adjusting a spiral positioner to a preset position, injecting 2% KCl solution into the artificial fracture at a flow rate of 1.0mL/min until the pressure difference at the inlet and outlet ends is kept constant, then calculating the equivalent hydraulic fracture width of the artificial fracture based on the cubic law, and if the equivalent hydraulic fracture width does not reach the preset fracture width, repeating the step 3;
and 4, step 4: injecting coal powder suspension with the pore volume of 2-3 into the artificial fractures at the flow rate of 1.0mL/min, wherein the particle size of the injected coal powder needs to be less than 0.8 time of the equivalent hydraulic fracture width, and then injecting 2% KCl solution at the same flow rate until the turbidity of the produced solution is consistent with that of the 2% KCl solution;
and 5: opening the first valve and the second valve, simultaneously opening the gas injection pump and the liquid injection pump, injecting nitrogen and a 2% KCl solution of fluorescence into the artificial fissure at a certain gas phase flow rate and liquid phase flow rate, and acquiring a gas-water two-phase flow pattern in the fissure and start-migration information of the adhered coal powder through a laser confocal microscope;
step 6: and processing the image, determining the flow pattern of the gas-water two-phase flow, the migration pattern of the coal powder and the dynamic migration rule thereof, and quantitatively calculating the starting rate of the coal powder adhered to the artificial crack surface.
8. The method for visualizing initiation migration of coal dust induced by gas-water two-phase flow in fractures of coal seams as claimed in claim 7, wherein the formula of the cubic law for calculating the equivalent hydraulic width of the artificial fractures in the step 3 is as follows
In the formula: h is the crack width, m; q is the flow, m3S; mu is liquid viscosity, Pa.s; l is the fracture length, m; delta p is the pressure difference at the inlet and outlet ends, Pa; w isHeight of the fissure, m.
9. The method for visualizing the initiation migration of the coal dust induced by the gas-water two-phase flow in the fractures of the coal seam according to claim 7, wherein the formula for calculating the initiation rate of the coal dust adhering to the artificial fracture surface in the step 6 is as follows:
in the formula: f. ofDThe start rate of the pulverized coal is percent; n is a radical of0The quantity of the coal dust adhered to the crack surface before the gas-water two-phase flow is dimensionless; n is the quantity of the crack surface adhered coal powder after two-phase flow, and is dimensionless.
10. The visualization method for inducing the coal powder to start migration by using the gas-water two-phase flow in the coal seam fissures as claimed in claim 7, wherein the visualization method for inducing the coal powder to start migration by using the gas-water two-phase flow in the coal seam fissures further comprises the following steps: the method changes the gas phase flow, the liquid phase flow, the artificial crack width, the coal powder grade and the coal powder type through a single factor, and is used for analyzing the influence rule of gas, liquid phase apparent flow velocity, two-phase flow pattern, the crack width, the coal powder grade and the coal powder type on the coal powder starting-migration behavior.
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