CN118030034A - Visual simulation device, system and method for reservoir oil displacement fluid state - Google Patents
Visual simulation device, system and method for reservoir oil displacement fluid state Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of experimental equipment and research of oil and gas field development engineering, and particularly relates to a visual simulation device, system and method for reservoir displacement fluid state. In addition, because the upper wall simulation plate and the lower wall simulation plate are made of pressure-resistant transparent materials and the pressure-resistant observation kettle is made of heat-conducting materials, the high-temperature high-pressure visual experimental environment can be established. And secondly, the lower wall simulation plate and the upper wall simulation plate are detachable, so that fluid rheological property and phase evolution observation research under various crack wall surface roughness and scale conditions can be carried out based on the device. According to the invention, the pressure-driving flow simulation devices are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the pressure-resisting observation kettle, so that the state of oil-driving fluid flowing through the simulated fracture is simulated, and the state of the fluid in the simulated fracture is observed and recorded by using the microscopic camera system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of experimental equipment and research of oil and gas field development engineering, and particularly relates to a visual simulation device, system and method for reservoir displacement fluid state.
Background
Currently, conventional oil reservoirs of all main blocks in the world are completely developed, the residual oil reservoirs to be developed tend to be increased towards the depth of burial, the viscosity of crude oil is increased, and the development of the reservoir fracture opening change and the complexity of the distribution rule thereof caused by pressure drop in the exploitation process is realized, so that new challenges are brought to the smooth progress of the subsequent oil reservoir development process. Aiming at the oil reservoirs, conventional development modes such as water flooding, gas flooding and the like are difficult to achieve ideal sweep efficiency and crude oil recovery ratio due to poor oil displacement fluidity ratio, and are not applicable. Therefore, related researchers design oil reservoir development technologies using various chemical agents such as surfactants, polymers and gel as oil displacement media, and subsequently, by compounding the chemical systems, various multiphase compound oil displacement systems are derived, and can improve the sweep efficiency of injected fluid through various physical and chemical mechanisms, optimize the oil washing effect of the system and achieve the aim of further improving the recovery ratio of crude oil. The research and development of the compound oil displacement medium effectively enriches an oil reservoir development oil displacement technology system, and overcomes the defects of low oil displacement efficiency and single function of the original traditional oil displacement medium. The most representative oil displacement system is foam fluid, and has a viscoelastic liquid film with relatively high mechanical strength based on the existence of a surface active ingredient serving as a foaming agent, so that gas can be wrapped, and a special structure with gas-liquid two phases at the same time is formed. Due to the system characteristics, the foam in the reservoir can block the hypertonic cracks through superposition of the Jack effect, inhibit fluid channeling and optimize system sweep efficiency through adjusting the injection profile. Meanwhile, the existence of the surfactant component enables the system to promote the stripping and carrying effects on the crude oil on the pore wall surface through the wetting reversal effect, and the oil washing effect is optimized. These mechanisms work together to provide a basis for the foam system to increase the oil reservoir development benefits.
However, as a thermodynamically unstable system, the high temperature and high pressure conditions brought by the gradual increase of the burial depth of the reservoir resources to be developed provide challenges for the stable flow and effect exertion of the foam in the target reservoir. Meanwhile, the shearing disturbance of the complex pore of the reservoir and the negative influence of the mineralization degree of the stratum water limit the stable operation of the foam flooding flow. Therefore, the related scholars strengthen the mechanical strength and the temperature and salt resistance of the foam by mixing certain additives so as to optimize the oil displacement capacity of the foam in the high-temperature and high-pressure reservoir environment. Both indoor experiments and field cases show that the flooding performance of a foamed fluid is closely related to its stability in the reservoir environment and rheological properties. Therefore, the research on the change mechanism of the rheological property and the stability of the foam system in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment of the reservoir is helpful for providing data reference and case verification for the establishment and optimization of the research and development scheme of the foam system developed for the target oil reservoir, and has positive effects in promoting the efficient implementation of the on-site foam oil displacement process and the effective improvement of the crude oil recovery of the oil reservoir.
At present, relevant scholars in China have conducted a great deal of experimental study on the stability and the bulk phase dynamic change of the foam by designing a targeted instrument, and have discussed the influence characteristics of various factors on the stability and the rheological behavior of the foam in a classified way.
The invention discloses a device and a method for evaluating dynamic foaming effect of simulated stratum condition foam, wherein the device adopts a combined structure of a plurality of intermediate containers, a sand filling model and a visual module, and realizes the generation characteristics and system stability evaluation experimental conditions of various foams in different permeability reservoir conditions. However, the device cannot observe and evaluate the fluid state and the phase change under the controllable crack scale micro-environment, and cannot create a system visual evaluation experimental environment under the fluid flow condition. In addition, the component disclosed by the invention is complex in structure, large in occupied space, complex in operation procedure and more in unstable factors in the experimental implementation process.
The invention discloses a comprehensive evaluation device for characteristic parameters of flame-retardant foam, which is disclosed in a Chinese patent document CN114353870A (202111609771.7). The device adopts a visual container with a plurality of functional modules such as a built-in thermal imager, a viscometer, an ultrasonic liquid meter and the like, can perform real-time parameter measurement while foam preparation, and adopts a rotary porous foam jet body to realize generation of homogeneous foam in a large-volume cavity so as to improve experimental precision. Meanwhile, based on the diversification of the functional modules of the device, the research on the physical property change rule of other various fluids in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment can be carried out. However, the device does not have the capability of performing system phase change evolution and stability evaluation research under the fluid flow condition, has defects in the simulation capability aiming at the fluid working background, and cannot simulate the reservoir fracture fluid flow environment with various dimensions.
The invention discloses an experimental device for foam generation conditions and migration characteristics, which is characterized in that glass beads with different sizes are filled in a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle to simulate different reservoir pore and crack condition environments, an endoscope is arranged in the kettle, various foam dynamic observations can be carried out under porous medium conditions and non-medium conditions, and various factors influencing foam physical parameters are systematically discussed. However, the device cannot be used for researching rheological properties of various fluids such as solid-phase-containing oil-gas fluids, and the like, and the whole functional structure of the device is similar to that of related equipment in the past, so that the experimental process and space cannot be simplified, the functional flexibility is poor, and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a visual simulation device, a visual simulation system and a visual simulation method for the state of reservoir displacement fluid, which aim to highly simulate the high-temperature and high-pressure fracture environment and mineralization conditions of various oil reservoirs and research the influence mechanisms of factors such as fracture dimensions of the reservoir, oil reservoir temperature, pressure, formation water mineralization and fluid properties on foam stability and rheological properties in the reservoir environment. In addition, based on the device, the invention can also carry out rheological property change, phase evolution mechanism and evaluation research of various fluids such as gel, steam, polymer and the like and a mixed system thereof under the reservoir simulation condition.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a visual simulation device for reservoir oil displacement fluid state comprises a pressure-resistant observation kettle, a lower side wall simulation assembly and an upper side wall simulation assembly;
The pressure-resistant observation kettle is provided with a simulation cavity which is vertically communicated, the lower side wall simulation assembly comprises a first sealing end cover which is detachably arranged at the lower end of the simulation cavity, the first sealing end cover is in sealing connection with the simulation cavity, the upper end surface of the first sealing end cover is provided with a first mounting hole which is vertically communicated with the simulation cavity and the outside, a lower wall simulation plate is detachably arranged in the first mounting hole, and the lower wall simulation plate is in sealing connection with the first mounting hole;
The upper side wall simulation assembly comprises a second sealing end cover which is arranged at the upper end of the simulation cavity and can slide up and down, the second sealing end cover is in sealing connection with the simulation cavity, a second mounting hole which is communicated with the simulation cavity and the outside up and down is formed in the lower end surface of the second sealing end cover, an upper wall simulation plate is detachably arranged in the second mounting hole, and the upper wall simulation plate is in sealing connection with the second mounting hole; the outside refers to the outer space of the pressure-resistant observation kettle;
The lower wall simulation plate and the upper wall simulation plate are made of pressure-resistant transparent materials, and a gap between the lower wall simulation plate and the upper wall simulation plate forms a simulation crack; the fluid in the simulated fracture can be observed through the lower wall simulation plate or the upper wall simulation plate, and the lower wall simulation plate and the upper wall simulation plate are positioned in the cross section direction of the simulated fracture, so that compared with the narrower dimension of the longitudinal direction of the fracture, the observed visual field area is larger, and the state of the fluid in the simulated fracture is more convenient to observe; the shape and the roughness of the surface of the lower wall simulation plate and the surface of the upper wall simulation plate, which are positioned on one side of the simulated crack, are designed according to the requirement;
The pressure-resistant observation kettle is made of heat-conducting materials, and a first circulation hole and a second circulation hole which are communicated with the simulated cracks are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the side wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle. Because the sealed setting of simulation crack structure, withstand voltage observation cauldron, lower wall analog plate and upper wall analog plate are withstand voltage material to satisfy the high pressure test, withstand voltage observation cauldron is the heat conduction material in addition, thereby can utilize heating device to control the temperature in the withstand voltage observation cauldron through heat exchange's mode, in order to simulate the temperature condition of reservoir. In order to prevent the influence of the heating device on the fluid state, the heating device is arranged outside the pressure-resistant observation tank.
The invention preferably further comprises an angle adjusting shaft and a partition plate;
The angle adjusting shaft penetrates through the side wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle, is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle and is connected with the partition plate arranged in the simulation crack;
The division board detachable sets up on the angle adjusting shaft, the division board is used for dividing into upper and lower two parts with the simulation crack. In conventional experiments, the simulated fracture was a separate chamber without the provision of a divider plate. After the partition plate is installed, the inner cavity of the simulated fracture is integrally divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, and the upper layer and the lower layer are respectively provided with different wall surfaces and space shapes, so that two different relatively independent simulated fracture structures are formed, and observation and research on fluid flowing phases in two different simulated fracture environments can be simultaneously carried out. The division plate can be provided with a plurality of plane forms and installation modes so as to create different disturbance forms of cracks on flowing fluid, specifically, the angles among the division plate, the lower wall simulation plate and the upper wall simulation plate can be adjusted through the angle adjusting shaft, and the division plate is used for simulating slit structures with different angles. The shape and roughness of the upper and lower surfaces of the partition plate are designed to simulate different planar forms and roughness.
According to the invention, preferably, the outer side of the pressure-resistant observation kettle is provided with the rotary graduated scale coaxial with the angle adjusting shaft so as to indicate the rotation angle of the division plate, and the rotation angle of the division plate in the pressure-resistant observation kettle is conveniently adjusted and corrected.
According to the invention, preferably, the height scale used for indicating the lifting distance of the second sealing end cover is arranged on the outer side of the pressure-resistant observation kettle, so that the vertical distance between the lower wall simulation plate and the upper wall simulation plate can be conveniently adjusted and corrected, namely the width of the simulated fracture is determined, the sizes of different reservoir fracture environments are simulated, and the rheological property and the phase evolution process of the foam in the pores with different sizes are further observed.
The invention preferably further comprises a function adding hole and a sealing plug, wherein the function adding hole is arranged on the side wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle in a penetrating mode, the sealing plug is matched with the function adding hole, and the function adding hole is communicated with the simulated crack and the outside. The side wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle is provided with a function adding hole so as to facilitate the addition of measuring devices such as a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and the like and widen the use function and range of the simulation device; when not in use, the sealing plug is used for sealing the function adding hole.
The invention also discloses a visual simulation system for the reservoir oil displacement fluid state, which comprises the visual simulation device for the reservoir oil displacement fluid state, and comprises a pressure-driving flow simulation device, a temperature control module and a microscopic camera system;
The left side and the right side of the pressure-resistant observation kettle are respectively provided with a pressure-driven flow simulation device, and the pressure-resistant observation kettle can be arranged on the fixed base in a left-right swinging manner; the pressure-resistant observation kettle is swung left and right, the state of the pressure-resistant observation kettle on a fixed base is regulated, so that a simulated crack and a horizontal plane are positioned at different angles, and the direction of the pressure-resistant observation kettle and the flowing direction of internal fluid in the experimental process are regulated in real time, so that the influence of gravity or the development trend of a reservoir simulated pore on the rheological property of the fluid and the phase change behavior is simulated;
The pressure-driven flow simulation device comprises a reaction tank, a piston and a driving device, wherein the reaction tank is provided with a reaction cavity, the piston can be arranged in the reaction cavity in a vertical sliding manner, and the driving device is used for controlling the piston to move up and down; through the piston structure, the pressure-driving flow simulation devices at the two sides of the pressure-resistant observation kettle can simulate the flow oil displacement process of oil displacement fluid between the reaction tank and the pressure-resistant observation kettle, and simulate the flow process of fluid in a simulated crack;
The reaction tank is provided with a liquid inlet hole communicated with the reaction cavity, and liquid outlet holes of the reaction tank at two sides of the liquid outlet hole are respectively connected with a first circulation hole and a second circulation hole, and control valves are arranged between the liquid outlet hole and the first circulation hole and between the liquid outlet hole and the second circulation hole;
A stirring device is arranged in the reaction tank and is positioned below the piston; the stirring device is arranged in the reaction tank and can be used for stirring the fluid in the reaction tank and preparing foam or uniformly mixing the oil displacement fluid;
The reaction tank is made of heat-conducting materials, and the temperature control module is used for controlling the temperatures in the pressure-resistant observation kettle and the reaction tank; because the pressure-resistant observation kettle and the reaction tank are both made of heat-conducting materials, the temperature in the pressure-resistant observation kettle and the temperature in the reaction tank can be regulated in a heat exchange (heat conduction) mode, and the condition that the oil displacement medium is heated by directly contacting with the oil displacement medium to influence the oil displacement medium is avoided;
The microcosmic camera system is communicated with the simulated fracture light path through the lower wall simulation plate or the upper wall simulation plate, so that the visual observation of the fluid state in the simulated fracture is realized.
The inventive concept of the simulation system of the present invention: the simulation system is based on the pressure-driven flow simulation device equipped with the simulation system, foam can be directly prepared in the reaction tank, the control of the foam quantity injected into the pressure-resistant observation kettle is realized by matching with the piston and the control valve in the reaction tank, and meanwhile, the continuous injection of the foam into the pressure-resistant observation kettle can change the pressure in the system and gradually rise due to the movement of the piston.
In the actual oil reservoir development process, the foam is formed by mixing gas phase and foaming agent in a reservoir after the gas phase and the foaming agent are injected into the stratum through ground injection equipment and shearing and stirring of stratum rock, so that the preparation mode of the system for the foam is more similar to the generation and flowing environment of the injected foam in the stratum in the actual oil reservoir development process because the device simulates the stratum fracture environment.
In addition, the simulation system is pushed by the piston to continuously inject foam into the pressure-resistant observation kettle to pressurize, so that the accumulation of the injected foam in the process of penetrating into the stratum and the pressure lifting process in the actual oil reservoir development process can be highly simulated. Meanwhile, the size of the simulated crack in the pressure-resistant observation kettle is regulated in real time in an experiment, the change process of reservoir gaps caused by stratum pressure fluctuation in the injection process of fluids such as foam and the like can be simulated, and the rheological mechanism of the fluids can be further explored.
In the invention, preferably, a first heat exchange cavity is arranged outside the pressure-resistant observation kettle, and a second heat exchange cavity is arranged outside the reaction tank;
The temperature control module is used for controlling the temperature of heat exchange media in the first heat exchange cavity and the second heat exchange cavity. Because the pressure-resistant observation kettle and the reaction tank are both made of heat-conducting materials, the temperature of heat exchange media in the first heat exchange cavity and the second heat exchange cavity is controlled, so that the temperature in the pressure-resistant observation kettle and the temperature in the reaction tank are adjusted.
In the invention, preferably, a height limiting plate is arranged below the piston, and the height of the height limiting plate is larger than that of the stirring device. In order to avoid danger caused by contact with the stirring device in the reaction tank in the up-and-down movement process of the piston, a height limiting plate with the height larger than that of the stirring device is arranged below the piston, so that the piston is limited; the height limiting plate can also be fixedly arranged on the reaction tank.
The invention also discloses a visual simulation method for the reservoir oil displacement fluid state, which comprises a rheological property and phase evolution characteristic simulation process of the foam fluid by using the visual simulation system for the reservoir oil displacement fluid state, and specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, selecting a lower wall simulation plate and an upper wall simulation plate with required roughness for assembly, closing a control valve between a reaction tank and a pressure-resistant observation kettle, injecting a foaming agent solution for preparing foam and gas into a reaction cavity of a pressure-driven flow simulation device to reach preset pressure so as to simulate a high-pressure environment, stirring to prepare required foam, and setting foaming agent solutions with different mineralization degrees according to requirements, wherein the foaming agent solution is preferably stratum water with a certain mineralization degree and is used for simulating different mineralization degrees of stratum water;
S2, opening a control valve between the reaction tank and the pressure-resistant observation kettle, and introducing oil displacement fluid in the reaction cavity into the simulated fracture for experiment;
S3, controlling the up-and-down movement of a piston of the two-side pressure flooding flow simulation device to pressurize the oil displacement fluid, realizing the reciprocating flow of the oil displacement fluid between the reaction cavity and the simulated fracture, and recording the apparent state, rheological property and phase change evolution process of the oil displacement fluid in real time by utilizing a microscopic camera system when the oil displacement fluid flows through the simulated fracture;
S4, when the apparent state, rheological property and phase change evolution mechanism of Guan Quyou fluid are evaluated and observed, the longitudinal dimension of the simulated fracture is adjusted in real time by adjusting the position of the upper side wall simulation component, and the rheological property and phase state evolution process of the oil displacement fluid in the simulated fracture with different dimensions are observed;
in the experimental process, the temperature control module is used for controlling the temperature in the pressure-resistant observation kettle and the reaction tank so as to meet different experimental temperature requirements. Because the volume of the reaction tanks at two sides is far larger than the volume of the simulated fracture, the oil displacement fluid in the reaction tanks is filled into the simulated fracture, the pressure of the oil displacement fluid is caused to change negligibly, and a high-pressure environment is maintained all the time in the experimental process.
The invention preferably also comprises a rheological characteristic and phase evolution characteristic simulation process of other oil displacement fluids, wherein the other oil displacement fluids comprise, but are not limited to, jelly, steam, polymer fluid and mixed fluid thereof, and specifically comprise the following steps:
And (3) injecting required oil displacement fluid into the reaction cavity of the pressure-driven flow simulation device to reach a preset pressure, and testing according to the steps S2-S4. The gel is produced by stirring after the cross-linking agent and the base solution are injected into the reaction tank together, the steam is produced by injecting water into the reaction tank firstly, then controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium of the second heat exchange cavity through the temperature control module, heating and evaporating the reaction tank, and the polymer is directly prepared by injecting a polymer solution system into the reaction tank in advance, the fluid is introduced into a pressure-resistant observation kettle for observation at the follow-up, the following specific step principle, and the setting of some functional components are the same as the experimental study of foam fluid rheological observation.
The invention mainly aims to research and evaluate the stability, phase evolution, rheological mechanism and law of oil displacement systems such as foam and the like in a target reservoir environment, provides data reference and case verification for the formulation and optimization of research and development schemes of foam systems or other types of oil displacement media aiming at target oil reservoir development, and has positive effects in promoting the efficient implementation of on-site foam oil displacement processes or other oil displacement processes and the effective improvement of the recovery ratio of crude oil of an oil reservoir.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the visual simulation device, the first sealing end cover and the second sealing end cover are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the simulation cavity which is communicated up and down in the pressure-resistant observation kettle to form a closed environment, the lower wall simulation plate and the upper wall simulation plate are respectively arranged on the first sealing end cover and the second sealing end cover, and gaps between the lower wall simulation plate and the upper wall simulation plate are used as simulation cracks. In addition, because the upper wall simulation plate and the lower wall simulation plate are made of pressure-resistant transparent materials and the pressure-resistant observation kettle is made of heat-conducting materials, the establishment of a high-temperature high-pressure visual experimental environment can be realized, the pressure-resistant observation kettle has higher technical specifications than the conventional similar equipment, can simulate various oil reservoir temperature and pressure environmental conditions, and can simulate the process that fluid flows through the simulation cracks under pressure by utilizing the first circulation holes and the second circulation holes which are communicated with the simulation cracks on the side wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle. Secondly, because the lower wall simulation plate and the upper wall simulation plate are respectively and detachably arranged on the first sealing end cover and the second sealing end cover, the shapes and the roughness of the surfaces of the lower wall simulation plate and the upper wall simulation plate are set, the unevenness of the wall surface of the reservoir fracture rock can be simulated, and the observation and the research of the rheological property and the phase evolution of the fluid under the conditions of the roughness and the scale of the wall surface of various fractures can be carried out based on the device.
According to the visual simulation system, the pressure-driving flow simulation devices are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the pressure-resistant observation kettle, the driving device is used for controlling the piston to move up and down in the reaction tank, so that the oil displacement fluid flows in a closed environment formed by the cavity of the reaction tank and the simulation cracks, the state of the oil displacement fluid when flowing through the simulation cracks in the high-pressure oil displacement process can be simulated, the microcosmic camera system is used for realizing high-precision real-time observation of fluid dynamics in the device through the lower wall simulation board or the upper wall simulation board, and further observing and recording the fluid state in the simulation cracks. In addition, because the pressure-resistant observation kettle can swing left and right and is arranged on the fixed base, the position and the posture of the pressure-resistant observation kettle can be adjusted in real time, and the flow direction of fluid in the simulated fracture can be adjusted to simulate the fractures with different trend in the reservoir.
According to the visual simulation method, the required oil displacement fluid is injected into the reaction tank, the temperature control module is used for controlling the temperature in the pressure-resistant observation kettle and the reaction tank, the piston of the two-side pressure driving flow simulation device is controlled to move up and down to pressurize the oil displacement fluid, the oil displacement fluid can flow back and forth between the reaction cavity and the simulated fracture, and when the oil displacement fluid flows through the simulated fracture, the apparent state, rheological property and phase change evolution process of the oil displacement fluid are recorded in real time by the microscopic camera system. In addition, when the foam fluid is simulated, the foam can be prepared by using the stirring device of the reaction tank, so that the foam in a required state can be prepared, and the simulation effect is ensured to be more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a visual simulation device for reservoir flooding fluid state in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an adjustment process of a simulated fracture in a visual simulation device for reservoir flooding fluid state in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure of an angle adjusting shaft, a partition plate and a pressure-resistant observation kettle in a reservoir displacement fluid state visualization simulation device in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an angle adjusting shaft and a partition plate in a visual simulation device for reservoir flooding fluid state in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a functional additional hole in a reservoir flooding fluid state visualization simulator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a visual simulation system for reservoir flooding fluid status in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between a pressure-driving flow simulation device and a pressure-resisting observation kettle in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the pressure-resistant observation tank and the fixed base in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the piston movement inside the pressure-driven flow simulator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a microstructure of an AOT foam subjected to a 30 minute flow test after foaming in an example of the present invention;
In the figure, a pressure-resistant observation kettle 1, a lower side wall simulation component 2 and an upper side wall simulation component 3;
100 simulation chambers, 200 simulation cracks;
201 a first sealing end cover, 202 a first mounting hole and 203 a lower wall simulation plate;
301 second seal end caps, 302 second mounting holes, 303 upper wall dummy plates;
101 a first circulation hole, 102 a second circulation hole and 103 a function adding hole;
4, an angle adjusting shaft and 5 division plates;
6, a pressure driving flow simulation device and a 7 fixed base;
61 reaction tank, 62 piston, 63 driving device, 64 height limiting plate;
610 reaction cavity, 611 liquid inlet hole, 612 liquid outlet hole;
8 control valve, 9 stirring device;
300 a first heat exchange chamber, 400 a second heat exchange chamber;
The system comprises a temperature control module 11, a microcosmic camera system 12, a temperature and pressure control system 13, a data control and acquisition system 14 and a computer 15.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a reservoir displacement fluid state visualization simulation device comprises a pressure-resistant observation kettle 1, a lower side wall simulation component 2 and an upper side wall simulation component 3.
The pressure-resistant observation kettle 1 is provided with a simulation cavity 100 which is vertically communicated, the lower side wall simulation assembly 2 comprises a first sealing end cover 201 which is detachably arranged at the lower end of the simulation cavity 100, a first mounting hole 202 which is vertically communicated with the simulation cavity 100 and the outside is formed in the upper end face of the first sealing end cover 201, a lower wall simulation plate 203 is detachably arranged in the first mounting hole 202, and the lower wall simulation plate 203 is in sealing connection with the first mounting hole 202. Specifically, the first seal end cover 201 includes a seal shaft and a seal flange that are coaxially disposed, the seal shaft is sealed with the inner wall of the simulation cavity 100 by using a seal ring, the seal flange is connected with the lower end of the pressure-proof observation kettle 1 by using a bolt, the first mounting hole 202 is a stepped hole coaxially disposed with the simulation cavity 100 on the first seal end cover 201, the hole diameter of the upper end of the stepped hole is greater than the hole diameter of the lower end, the lower wall simulation board 203 is mounted in the hole of the upper end of the stepped hole, and a seal ring matched with the hole of the upper end of the stepped hole is disposed on the side wall of the lower wall simulation board 203.
The upper side wall simulation assembly 3 comprises a second sealing end cover 301 which is arranged at the upper end of the simulation cavity 100 and can slide up and down, the second sealing end cover 301 comprises a piston column and a threaded sleeve which are coaxially arranged, the piston column is positioned at the inner side of the threaded sleeve, the piston column is in sealing sliding connection with the inner wall of the simulation cavity 100, the threaded sleeve is in threaded connection with the outer wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1, the piston column can be driven to slide up and down in the simulation cavity 100 through the threaded sleeve, so that the radial size of a simulation crack can be adjusted, a second mounting hole 302 which is communicated with the simulation cavity 100 and the outside up and down is formed in the lower end face of the second sealing end cover 301, an upper wall simulation plate 303 is detachably arranged in the second mounting hole 302, and the upper wall simulation plate 303 is in sealing connection with the second mounting hole 302. Specifically, the second mounting hole 302 is a stepped hole coaxially arranged with the simulation cavity 100 on the second sealing end cover 301, and penetrates through the piston column, the hole diameter of the lower end of the stepped hole is larger than the hole diameter of the upper end, the upper wall simulation plate 303 is mounted in the hole of the lower end of the stepped hole, and a sealing ring matched with the hole of the lower end of the stepped hole is arranged on the side wall of the upper wall simulation plate 303.
The lower wall simulation plate 203 and the upper wall simulation plate 303 are made of pressure-resistant transparent materials, specifically, sapphire window sheets, and the gaps between the lower wall simulation plate 203 and the upper wall simulation plate 303 form the simulation cracks 200. In the present embodiment, three kinds of lower wall simulation boards 203 and upper wall simulation boards 303 having different inner wall roughness (10 μm,50 μm,100 μm) are designed. The roughness of the simulated fracture inner wall in the experiment can be changed by changing and adjusting the roughness of the lower wall simulation plate 203 and the upper wall simulation plate 303.
The pressure-resistant observation kettle 1 is made of a heat-conducting material, and a first circulation hole 101 and a second circulation hole 102 which are communicated with the simulated crack 200 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the side wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1. Since the longitudinal dimension of the simulated fracture 200 is generally small, in order to achieve the control of the temperature in the simulated fracture 200, the temperature of the fluid in the simulated fracture 200 is controlled by conducting heat through the pressure-resistant observation tank 1.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the reservoir flooding fluid state visualization simulation device further comprises an angle adjusting shaft 4 and a partition plate 5.
The angle adjusting shaft 4 is arranged through the side wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1, and the angle adjusting shaft 4 is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1 and is connected with the partition plate 5 arranged in the simulation crack 200. Specifically, the angle adjusting shaft 4 is radially arranged along the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1, penetrates through a rotating hole on the side wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1, and a pressure-resistant sealing structure, such as a sealing ring, is arranged between the angle adjusting shaft 4 and the rotating hole.
The separation plate 5 is detachably arranged on the angle adjusting shaft 4, and the separation plate 5 is used for separating the simulation crack 200 into an upper part and a lower part. In the actual experimental process, a plurality of metal separators having different planes may be provided as the separation plate 5, including a conventional regular plane, a plane having irregular depressions and protrusions, and a stepped plane, which are designed according to the experimental purpose and requirement.
A rotary graduated scale (not shown in the figure) coaxial with the angle adjusting shaft 4 is arranged outside the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1.
The pressure-resistant observation tank 1 is provided with a height scale (not shown in the figure) for indicating the lifting distance of the second seal end cap 301.
As shown in fig. 5, the reservoir displacement fluid state visualization simulation device further comprises a function adding hole 103 penetrating through the side wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1 and a sealing plug matched with the function adding hole 103. The function adding hole 103 is communicated with the simulated fracture 200 and the outside. The sealing plug is specifically a sealing bolt in threaded fit with the function adding hole 103.
As shown in fig. 6-8, a reservoir flooding fluid state visualization simulation system comprises the reservoir flooding fluid state visualization simulation device, and comprises a pressure flooding flow simulation device 6, a temperature control module 11 and a microscopic camera system 12.
As shown in fig. 7, a pressure driving flow simulation device 6 is respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1, and the bottom of the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1 can be hinged on a fixed base 7 in a left-right swinging manner. The fixed base 7 is provided with an angle graduated scale (not shown in the figure) coaxially arranged with the hinge shaft, and is used for indicating the included angle between the simulated fracture 200 and the horizontal plane.
The pressure-driving flow simulation device 6 comprises a reaction tank 61, a piston 62 and a driving device 63, wherein the reaction tank 61 is provided with a reaction cavity 610, the piston 62 is arranged in the reaction cavity 610 in a vertically sliding manner, the driving device 63 is used for controlling the piston 62 to move up and down, the driving device 63 is a high-precision plunger pump connected with the reaction tank 61, and the high-precision plunger pump realizes the up and down movement of the piston 62 by injecting driving fluid into a space of the reaction cavity 610 above the piston 62 or extracting the driving fluid. The high-precision plunger pump can accurately push the piston 62 at a constant speed, efficiently control the fluid flow rate and provide higher pressure. The reaction tank 61 is a steel container, and is resistant to 180 ℃ and 90MPa. The inner cavity of the stirring device is provided with a movable piston and a stirring device with a high-power motor, and the stirring speed can reach 5000r/min. The device has the function of preparing fluid for research, and is matched with the high-temperature high-pressure observation kettle system to form an integral inner cavity of the device, and the built-in piston moves caused by the power provided by an externally connected high-precision plunger pump, so that a fluid flow environment is created.
As shown in fig. 8, the reaction tank 61 is provided with a liquid inlet hole 611 and a liquid outlet hole 612 which are communicated with the reaction cavity 610, the liquid outlet hole 612 of the reaction tank 61 on both sides is respectively connected with the first circulation hole 101 and the second circulation hole 102, and a control valve 8 is arranged between the liquid outlet hole 612 and the first circulation hole 101 and between the liquid outlet hole 612 and the second circulation hole 102. The liquid inlet 611 is connected with a high-precision plunger pump.
A stirring device 9 is arranged in the reaction tank 61, and the stirring device 9 is positioned below the piston 62.
The reaction tank 61 is made of a heat conducting material, and the temperature control module 11 is used for controlling the temperature in the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1 and the reaction tank 61.
The microscopic imaging system 12 is in optical communication with the simulated fracture 200 through the lower wall simulation board 203 or the upper wall simulation board 303. The microscopic camera system is composed of a high-definition camera, the range of the magnification angle of the microscopic camera system is 0 to 800 times, and the rheological property and the phase evolution process of the fluid in the inner cavity of the device can be observed in real time in the experimental research process by directly facing the lens of the microscopic camera system to the lower wall simulation board 203 or the upper wall simulation board 303.
The system is also provided with a data control and acquisition system 14, in particular a box-type data processor connected with a computer 15, which acquires and processes relevant experimental data including temperature, pressure and the like in real time through various experimental parameter measurement probes installed in the inner cavities of the devices.
As shown in fig. 6, a first heat exchange chamber 300 is provided outside the pressure-resistant observation tank 1, and a second heat exchange chamber 400 is provided outside the reaction tank 61.
The temperature control module 11 is used for controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange chamber 300 and the second heat exchange chamber 400. Thereby adjusting the whole working temperature of the device, and controlling the temperature range to be-10 ℃ to 150 ℃. Specifically, the temperature control module 11 is a heat exchanger circularly connected to the first heat exchange chamber 300 and the second heat exchange chamber 400 respectively. The heat exchanger comprises heat exchange tubes arranged in the constant-temperature water bath box, and a circulating pump is utilized to enable heat exchange media to circulate among the heat exchange tubes, the first heat exchange cavity 300 and the second heat exchange cavity 400, so that heat exchange efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 9, a height limiting plate 64 is provided below the piston 62, and the height of the height limiting plate 64 is greater than the height of the stirring device 9. Specifically, the stirring device 9 includes a stirring paddle disposed at the bottom of the reaction cavity 610, the height limiting plate 64 is an annular plate coaxial with the stirring paddle, the inner diameter of the annular plate is greater than the outer diameter of the stirring paddle, and the height of the annular plate is greater than the height of the stirring paddle.
The reservoir oil displacement fluid state visual simulation method utilizes the reservoir oil displacement fluid state visual simulation system, comprises a rheological property and phase evolution characteristic simulation process of foam fluid, and specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, selecting a lower wall simulation plate 203 and an upper wall simulation plate 303 with required roughness for assembly, closing a control valve 8 between a reaction tank 61 and a pressure-resistant observation kettle 1, injecting foaming agent solution for preparing foam and gas into a reaction cavity 610 of a pressure-driven flow simulation device 6 to reach preset pressure, stirring to prepare required foam, and setting foaming agent solutions with different mineralization degrees according to requirements.
S2, opening a control valve 8 between the reaction tank 61 and the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1, and introducing the oil displacement fluid in the reaction cavity 610 into the simulated fracture 200 for experiment.
And S3, controlling the pistons 62 of the two-side driving flow simulation device 6 to move up and down to pressurize the oil displacement fluid, realizing the reciprocating flow of the oil displacement fluid between the reaction cavity 610 and the simulated fracture 200, and recording the apparent state, rheological property and phase change evolution process of the oil displacement fluid in real time by utilizing the microscopic imaging system 12 when the oil displacement fluid flows through the simulated fracture 200.
S4, when the apparent state, rheological property and phase change evolution mechanism of Guan Quyou fluid are evaluated and observed, the longitudinal dimension of the simulated fracture 200 is adjusted in real time by adjusting the position of the upper side wall simulation assembly 3, and the rheological property and phase evolution process of the oil displacement fluid in the simulated fracture 200 with different dimensions are observed.
In the experimental process, the temperature control module 11 is used for controlling the temperature in the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1 and the reaction tank 61 so as to meet different experimental temperature requirements.
The reservoir oil displacement fluid state visual simulation method also comprises a rheological characteristic and phase evolution characteristic simulation process of other oil displacement fluids, wherein the other oil displacement fluids comprise, but are not limited to, gel, steam, polymer fluid and mixed fluid thereof, and specifically comprise the following steps:
And injecting the required oil displacement fluid into the reaction cavity 610 of the pressure-driven flow simulation device 6 to reach the preset pressure, and testing according to the steps S2-S4.
Examples
(1) Device and experimental sample preparation stage
The method comprises the steps of taking NaHCO 3 type stratum water with the mineralization degree of 14158.6mg/L extracted from a background oil reservoir as a base solution, preparing enough AOT foaming agent solution with the mass concentration of 0.2wt%, preparing two groups of intermediate containers respectively for loading the foaming agent solution prepared previously and nitrogen with the purity of more than 99.5%, and preheating the containers filled with two fluid samples in an oil reservoir reference temperature of 80 ℃ for 4 hours for later use. In this step, the quality of the agent against high-temperature aging is evaluated, as needed.
The system components of the device are installed in a predetermined flow, and a lower wall simulation plate 203 and an upper wall simulation plate 303 with predetermined roughness inner walls are selected and installed in the first seal cover 201 and the second seal cover 301 respectively, and then further installed in the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1. After the air tightness of the device is checked, the vacuum pump is used for carrying out the vacuumizing operation on the inner cavity of the device, namely the reaction tank 61 and the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1 for 6 hours so as to remove the impurity fluid in the cavity. The vacuum pump is an external device required for the experimental procedure, which only acts in the preparation phase before the start of the experiment, the equipment required for the informal experimental procedure and is therefore not given in the above statement. The design of the vacuumizing step aims at removing impurity gas in the inner cavity of the instrument so as to prevent the generation of foam and the interference of flow in the formal experiment process from causing experimental errors. Meanwhile, the device inner cavity pressure is controlled and calibrated in the subsequent experimental process conveniently. The pressure and impurity gases can have a large impact on various properties of the foam.
(2) Experimental implementation preparation stage
The temperature control module 11 is started, and the preheating temperature of the first heat exchange cavity 300 outside the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1 and the preheating temperature of the second heat exchange cavity 400 outside the reaction tank 61 are set to be 80 ℃ as the reference temperature of the oil reservoir, so that the device is fully preheated for 6 hours. The temperature and pressure control system 13 is a box-type device with a built-in data processing system and a signal receiving device, and is connected with each temperature and pressure probe in the inner cavity of the device through a data line, and measures the temperature and pressure of each part of the inner cavity of the device in real time. In addition, functional components for controlling the preheating temperatures of the first heat exchange chamber 300 and the second heat exchange chamber 400 are provided inside the system. While the pressure inside the device is mainly generated by the injected gas-liquid fluid, measured in real time by the system.
The control valve 8 between the reaction tank 61 and the pressure-resistant observation tank 1, and the respective valves of the container system are closed to thereby ensure that the reaction tank 61 and the pressure-resistant observation tank 1 are in a closed state. Nitrogen with a quantitative purity higher than 99.5% and a foaming agent solution are sequentially injected into the pressure-driven flow simulation devices 6 on two sides through the container valve and the container fluid injection port of the reaction tank 61 according to a preset gas-liquid ratio of 2:1, and in the process, gas is injected first, then liquid is injected, and the injection rate is 0.1mL/min, so that foaming is prevented before the experiment starts in the fluid injection process. The pressure-resistant observation kettle 1 is used as a main body for observing the foam state, and part of foam can be lost in the process of directly injecting the foam into the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1, so that the accuracy of an experiment result is affected. In addition, in the actual oil reservoir development process, foaming agent and gas are injected into the oil reservoir in advance, and then fluids are mixed in the oil reservoir to generate foam, and the foam is not directly injected into the oil reservoir, so that the design of the device and the method of the invention is more close to the actual industrial implementation condition.
The pressure of the inner cavity of the reaction tank 61 at the two sides is raised to the reference pressure of the preset 8MPa in the fluid injection process, and the injected fluid is preheated fully at the same temperature in advance, so that the pressure of the inner cavity of the container does not change greatly after the state is stabilized for 2h, and the pressure value is monitored in real time by a high-precision plunger pump arranged outside the container system, and can also be measured by arranging a pressure sensor in the reaction tank 61. The pressure is not set after the foam is generated, but is generated in the container by the fluid which is not mixed and foamed yet, the pressure is designed to simulate the reservoir pressure environment condition, the operation of a series of stirring foaming and opening the valve can influence the preset pressure, but the pressure does not change greatly because the inner cavity space of the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1 is smaller than that of the reaction tank 61, and in addition, the pressure can be regulated to be a preset value in the subsequent experiment by regulating the movement of the piston in the reaction tank 61.
(3) Stage of formal experiment implementation
The stirring device 9 built in the reaction tank 61 was turned on, and the fluid in the vessel was stirred and foamed at a rate of 3000r/min for 5min.
After the above steps are completed, the stirring device 9 in the container system is closed, the control valve 8 between the reaction tank 61 and the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1 is opened, so that the reaction cavity 610 and the simulated fracture 200 form an integrated cavity which is communicated, and in the process, compared with the volumes of the reaction cavities 610 at two sides and the volume of the injected fluid, the volume of the simulated fracture 200 is smaller, and when the valves are opened everywhere, the addition of the volume of the simulated fracture 200 does not have a significant influence on the preset pressure, and is ignored here. Subsequently, the high-precision plunger pump connected with the chamber of the driving piston 62 is adjusted to make the pistons 62 in the reaction tanks 61 at both sides move with each other, thereby pushing the foam formed inside to move in the device cavity.
The microscopic camera system 12 is turned on, the visual window of the lens relative to the upper sapphire is provided with the lens visual angle magnification of 500 times, the rheological property change and the phase evolution of the foam are recorded in real time, and further analysis is carried out.
In the process of performing the above experiment, the distance between the lower wall simulation board 203 and the upper wall simulation board 303 can be changed in real time by adjusting the position of the upper wall simulation component 3, so as to change the longitudinal dimension of the simulation crack 200 in real time, thereby performing observation and evaluation study on foam rheological properties and phase evolution in different simulation crack dimensions.
The temperature and pressure conditions of the device cavity are measured and recorded in real time by the data control and acquisition system 14 in the whole experimental process, and are transmitted to the computer 15 together with the rheological property and the phase evolution image data of the fluid in the observation kettle. In addition, by swinging the pressure-resistant observation tank 1 on the fixed base 7 from side to side, the orientation of the pressure-resistant observation tank 1 can be adjusted in real time in experimental study, thereby creating different simulated pore orientations and fluid flow patterns.
In the course of the above-described observation of rheological properties and phase evolution of various fluids such as foam, further investigation can be conducted by installing the partition plate 5 in the simulated fracture 200. The partition plate 5 is provided with a plurality of metal partition plates with different planes, so that the inner cavity of the observation kettle can be further divided into two layers of simulated crack structures with different structures. The partition plate 5 is provided with various planes and mounting means, which create different disturbance patterns simulating crack wall-to-flow fluid. Under the condition, a microcosmic camera system 12 is respectively arranged at the visual windows on the upper side and the lower side of the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1, so that observation and research on fluid mobile phases in two different simulated fracture environments can be simultaneously carried out.
Finally, the results of experiments performed on the basis of the device and the system of the invention in the embodiment are shown in fig. 10, and after long-time simulation of the flow of the reservoir under the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, the AOT surfactant foam still has a relatively stable and standard foam gas-liquid two-phase structure, and is suitable for implementation of reservoir foam oil displacement technology.
In addition, the temperature sensor or the pressure sensor used in the above-mentioned research works with the function adding hole 103 in a threaded manner to achieve sealing. If the function adding holes 103 are not used, the function adding holes 103 are closed by high-strength screw plugs made of hastelloy, so that the pressure-resistant observation kettle 1 of the device is completely sealed.
Besides the research, based on the innovation of the functional structure of the device and the characteristic that the main body observation kettle can be internally provided with various experimental parameter measurement components, the device can also be used for observing and evaluating the rheological properties and the phase evolution of various fluids such as steam, polymers, gel and the like, realizes more functional, safe and efficient experimental technical specifications in a more simplified experimental space, and meets the technical requirements of research on the rheological properties and the phase evolution mechanism of various fluids.
Claims (10)
1. The visual analogue means of reservoir displacement of reservoir fluid state, its characterized in that: comprises a pressure-resistant observation kettle (1), a lower side wall simulation assembly (2) and an upper side wall simulation assembly (3);
The pressure-resistant observation kettle (1) is provided with a simulation cavity (100) which is vertically communicated, the lower side wall simulation assembly (2) comprises a first sealing end cover (201) which is detachably arranged at the lower end of the simulation cavity (100), the upper end face of the first sealing end cover (201) is provided with a first mounting hole (202) which is vertically communicated with the simulation cavity (100) and the outside, a lower wall simulation plate (203) is detachably arranged in the first mounting hole (202), and the lower wall simulation plate (203) is in sealing connection with the first mounting hole (202);
The upper side wall simulation assembly (3) comprises a second sealing end cover (301) which is arranged at the upper end of the simulation cavity (100) and can slide up and down, a second mounting hole (302) which is communicated with the simulation cavity (100) and the outside up and down is formed in the lower end surface of the second sealing end cover (301), an upper wall simulation plate (303) is detachably arranged in the second mounting hole (302), and the upper wall simulation plate (303) is connected with the second mounting hole (302) in a sealing mode;
the lower wall simulation plate (203) and the upper wall simulation plate (303) are made of pressure-resistant transparent materials, and a gap between the lower wall simulation plate (203) and the upper wall simulation plate (303) forms a simulation crack (200);
The pressure-resistant observation kettle (1) is made of a heat-conducting material, and a first circulation hole (101) and a second circulation hole (102) which are communicated with the simulated crack (200) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the side wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle (1).
2. The reservoir flooding fluid state visualization simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises an angle adjusting shaft (4) and a partition plate (5);
The angle adjusting shaft (4) penetrates through the side wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle (1), and the angle adjusting shaft (4) is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle (1) and is connected with the partition plate (5) arranged in the simulation crack (200);
the division plate (5) is detachably arranged on the angle adjusting shaft (4), and the division plate (5) is used for dividing the simulation crack (200) into an upper part and a lower part.
3. The reservoir flooding fluid state visualization simulation device of claim 2, wherein: the outer side of the pressure-resistant observation kettle (1) is provided with a rotary graduated scale coaxial with the angle adjusting shaft (4).
4. The reservoir flooding fluid state visualization simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the pressure-resistant observation kettle (1) is provided with a height scale for indicating the lifting distance of the second sealing end cover (301) at the outer side.
5. The reservoir flooding fluid state visualization simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the pressure-resistant observation kettle further comprises a function adding hole (103) and a sealing plug, wherein the function adding hole (103) is arranged on the side wall of the pressure-resistant observation kettle (1) in a penetrating mode, and the sealing plug is matched with the function adding hole (103).
6. A reservoir flooding fluid state visualization simulation system comprising the reservoir flooding fluid state visualization simulation device of claim 1, wherein: comprises a pressure-driving flow simulation device (6), a temperature control module (11) and a microscopic camera system (12);
The pressure-resistant observation kettle (1) is provided with a pressure-driven flow simulation device (6) at the left side and the right side respectively, and the pressure-resistant observation kettle (1) can swing left and right and is arranged on a fixed base (7);
The pressure-driving flow simulation device (6) comprises a reaction tank (61), a piston (62) and a driving device (63), wherein the reaction tank (61) is provided with a reaction cavity (610), the piston (62) can be arranged in the reaction cavity (610) in a vertical sliding mode, and the driving device (63) is used for controlling the piston (62) to move up and down;
The reaction tank (61) is provided with a liquid inlet hole (611) and a liquid outlet hole (612) which are communicated with the reaction cavity (610), the liquid outlet holes (612) of the reaction tank (61) at two sides are respectively connected with the first circulation hole (101) and the second circulation hole (102), and control valves (8) are arranged between the liquid outlet hole (612) and the first circulation hole (101) and between the liquid outlet hole (612) and the second circulation hole (102);
a stirring device (9) is arranged in the reaction tank (61), and the stirring device (9) is positioned below the piston (62);
The reaction tank (61) is made of heat conduction materials, and the temperature control module (11) is used for controlling the temperatures in the pressure-resistant observation kettle (1) and the reaction tank (61);
The microscopic camera system (12) is in optical path communication with the simulated fracture (200) through the lower wall simulation plate (203) or the upper wall simulation plate (303).
7. The reservoir flooding fluid state visualization simulation system of claim 6, wherein: the outer side of the pressure-resistant observation kettle (1) is provided with a first heat exchange cavity (300), and the outer side of the reaction tank (61) is provided with a second heat exchange cavity (400);
The temperature control module (11) is used for controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchange cavity (300) and the second heat exchange cavity (400).
8. The reservoir flooding fluid state visualization simulation system of claim 6, wherein: a height limiting plate (64) is arranged below the piston (62), and the height of the height limiting plate (64) is larger than that of the stirring device (9).
9. The visual simulation method for the reservoir flooding fluid state is characterized by comprising a rheological property and phase evolution characteristic simulation process of foam fluid by using the visual simulation system for the reservoir flooding fluid state as claimed in claim 6, and specifically comprising the following steps:
S1, selecting a lower wall simulation plate (203) and an upper wall simulation plate (303) with required roughness for assembly, closing a control valve (8) between a reaction tank (61) and a pressure-resistant observation kettle (1), injecting foaming agent solution for preparing foam and gas into a reaction cavity (610) of a pressure-driven flow simulation device (6) to reach preset pressure, stirring to prepare required foam, and setting foaming agent solutions with different mineralization degrees according to requirements;
s2, opening a control valve (8) between the reaction tank (61) and the pressure-resistant observation kettle (1), and introducing oil displacement fluid in the reaction cavity (610) into the simulated fracture (200) for experiment;
S3, controlling the piston (62) of the two-side driving flow simulation device (6) to move up and down to pressurize the oil displacement fluid, realizing the reciprocating flow of the oil displacement fluid between the reaction cavity (610) and the simulated fracture (200), and recording the apparent state, rheological property and phase change evolution process of the oil displacement fluid in real time by utilizing the microscopic image pickup system (12) when the oil displacement fluid flows through the simulated fracture (200);
S4, when the apparent state, rheological property and phase change evolution mechanism of Guan Quyou fluid are evaluated and observed, the longitudinal size of the simulated fracture (200) is adjusted in real time by adjusting the position of the upper side wall simulation assembly (3), and the rheological property and phase state evolution process of the oil displacement fluid in the simulated fractures (200) with different sizes are observed;
In the experimental process, the temperature control module (11) is used for controlling the temperature in the pressure-resistant observation kettle (1) and the reaction tank (61) so as to meet different experimental temperature requirements.
10. The method for visual simulation of reservoir flooding fluid state according to claim 9, further comprising a simulation process of rheological properties and phase evolution characteristics of other flooding fluids including, but not limited to, jelly, steam, polymer fluids and mixtures thereof, comprising the steps of:
And (3) injecting required oil displacement fluid into the reaction cavity (610) of the pressure-drive flow simulation device (6) to reach a preset pressure, and testing according to the steps S2-S4.
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