CN114182721B - Construction method for bearing casing bored pile and pouring pile of raft at collapsible loess section - Google Patents
Construction method for bearing casing bored pile and pouring pile of raft at collapsible loess section Download PDFInfo
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- CN114182721B CN114182721B CN202111576684.6A CN202111576684A CN114182721B CN 114182721 B CN114182721 B CN 114182721B CN 202111576684 A CN202111576684 A CN 202111576684A CN 114182721 B CN114182721 B CN 114182721B
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- raft
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/66—Mould-pipes or other moulds
- E02D5/68—Mould-pipes or other moulds for making bulkheads or elements thereof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method for a collapsible loess section raft plate bearing casing bored pile, and relates to the technical field of building construction. The raft foundation pit is firstly concreted to form raft concrete, soil is backfilled and compacted, then the raft concrete is excavated to the top surface of raft mixed soil, the pile casing is embedded, and the center of the pile casing is kept consistent with the center of the pile position as much as possible. Through cast-in-place great area concrete raft in advance, the installation protects a section of thick bamboo on the raft, the lifting surface area of make full use of concrete raft increase raft to face load replaces the produced point load of traditional drilling bored concrete pile construction, in order to reduce the pressure that the collapsible loess paragraph original state soil of work progress received, increase and protect a bottom bearing capacity and stability, the guarantee raft bearing protects a section of thick bamboo not to sink, improves collapsible loess paragraph drilling bored concrete pile percentage of forming holes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a construction method for a collapsible loess section raft plate bearing casing bored pile.
Background
Collapsible loess is unsaturated under-pressure dense soil, when the soil is wetted in water, the strength of the soil is obviously reduced, instability deformation with large sinking amount and high sinking speed is generated under the action of additional pressure and the dead weight pressure of the soil, and the stability of the pile casing of the cast-in-situ bored pile of the bridge is obviously influenced.
The cast-in-situ bored pile casing has the functions of positioning the pile, controlling the pile hole, guiding the drilling direction, preventing hole collapse, controlling the pile top elevation and the like, and the embedding quality of the casing directly influences the casting quality of the cast-in-situ bored pile. At present, the problem of burying the collapsible loess section pile foundation pile casing is a problem which needs to be solved urgently.
In view of this, the invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method for a collapsible loess section raft plate bearing casing bored pile, and aims to solve the problem of burying a collapsible loess section pile foundation casing.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a collapsible loess section raft plate bearing casing bored concrete pile construction method, which comprises the following steps: digging a raft foundation pit at the position where the pile casing is pre-embedded, placing the mixed concrete in the raft foundation pit for pouring to form raft concrete, pre-embedding positioning steel bars inside the pile casing on the raft concrete, and backfilling and compacting the soil after pouring for 12 hours; and excavating to the top surface of the raft mixed soil, burying the pile casing, and enabling the deviation between the center of the pile casing and the center of the pile position to be less than 5cm, the deviation of verticality to be less than 1% and the height of the pile casing to be 250-350mm higher than the ground.
In an optional implementation mode, the raft foundation pit is formed by expanding 2.5-3.5 meters from the center of a pile foundation to the periphery to determine the range of excavation, the elevation of an excavation substrate is determined by the height of a pile casing and the pouring thickness of raft concrete, and the calculation is carried out according to the following formula:
the excavation basement elevation = pile casing top elevation-pile casing length-concrete pouring thickness.
In an alternative embodiment, the cast thickness of the concrete of the raft panels is 0.4-0.6m.
In an alternative embodiment, C20 concrete is used as the raw material for casting, and top plastering is performed after casting.
In an optional embodiment, a total station is adopted to position a center point of a pile foundation, the center point is used as a circle center, a circle is drawn by taking the inner diameter of the pile casing reduced by 0.8-1.2cm as a radius, positioning steel bars in the pile casing are symmetrically embedded on a circle line, and the embedded steel bars are controlled to be exposed on the upper surface of concrete of the raft plate by 28-32cm.
In an alternative embodiment, the process of backfilling and compacting soil comprises: and backfilling undisturbed soil on the upper part of the raft plate concrete layer by layer, wherein the thickness of each layer is 0.8-1.2m, and compacting by using a wheel type excavator.
In an alternative embodiment, after backfilling and compacting, excavating to the mixed soil top surface of the raft plate, and controlling the excavating diameter to be larger than the diameter of the pile foundation, wherein the excavating diameter is adaptive to the diameter of the casing.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises: sealing the bottom of the casing, and driving and burying a protection pile on the ground outside the casing;
preferably, the bottom of the protective cylinder is sealed by adopting a water sealing material; more preferably, the water-blocking material is clay.
In an alternative embodiment, the number of guard piles is 2-8 and each is in the range of 50-100cm outside the casing.
In an alternative embodiment, the collapsible loess section means a section having a collapse coefficient of 0.010-0.065, a total collapse amount of 339.8-381.3mm, and a self-weight collapse coefficient of 0.000-0.023.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the raft foundation pit is filled with concrete to form raft concrete, soil is backfilled and compacted, then the raft concrete is excavated to the top surface of raft mixed soil, the pile casing is embedded, and the center of the pile position is kept as consistent as possible with the center of the pile position. Through cast-in-place great area concrete raft in advance, the installation protects a section of thick bamboo on the raft, the lifting surface area of make full use of concrete raft increase raft to face load replaces the produced point load of traditional drilling bored concrete pile construction, in order to reduce the pressure that the collapsible loess paragraph original state soil of work progress received, increase and protect a bottom bearing capacity and stability, the guarantee raft bearing protects a section of thick bamboo not to sink, improves collapsible loess paragraph drilling bored concrete pile percentage of forming holes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a construction process of a collapsed loess section raft bearing casing bored pile provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embedment of a casing of a cast-in-situ bored pile;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a raft plate bearing casing;
fig. 4 is a construction situation diagram of raft foundation pit excavation;
fig. 5 is a construction situation diagram of raft concrete pouring;
fig. 6 is a construction situation diagram of beginning to bury the pile casing after backfilling the upper part of the raft;
fig. 7 is an effect diagram of a raft plate bearing casing;
fig. 8 is a diagram showing a hole collapse phenomenon.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products which are not indicated by manufacturers and are commercially available.
The embodiment of the invention provides a collapsible loess section raft plate bearing casing bored concrete pile construction method, which adopts the process flow diagram in fig. 1 and combines the detailed description of fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3 to the whole construction process, and the concrete steps are as follows:
s1, preparation for construction
Preparing materials required by construction and a specific burying drawing before construction, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
(1) Preparing equipment, materials and personnel required by the construction pile foundation according to the design of the bridge pile foundation and the actual conditions of the project;
(2) Carrying out technical bottom crossing, safety training and other work before bridge pile foundation construction;
(3) Leveling the periphery of the pile foundation construction, drawing a pile foundation casing embedding diagram, and releasing the pile position large sample position.
S2, excavating raft foundation pit
Please refer to fig. 4, a raft foundation pit is dug at the position where the pile casing is pre-buried, and the position and size of the raft foundation pit are determined according to the position of the pile position.
In the actual operation process, the center position of the pile foundation is accurately released by a total station, the range of digging is determined by expanding 2.5-3.5 meters (such as 2.5 meters, 3.0 meters, 3.5 meters and the like) from the center of the pile foundation to the periphery, a raft foundation pit digging line is marked by lime (the expanding size is determined according to the field geology and the height of a pile casing), the height of a digging base is determined by the height of the pile casing and the pouring thickness of concrete of the raft, and the calculation is carried out according to the following formula:
the excavation basement elevation = pile casing top elevation-pile casing length-concrete pouring thickness.
Specifically, an excavation size of 5m × 5m is used for a casing with an inner diameter of 1.8 m, an outer diameter of 1.82 m and a length of 2.5 m.
In need of supplementation, the foundation pit is excavated, and slope relief is carried out according to the soil condition of the site, so that the safety is ensured; and (4) cleaning and leveling the foundation pit, and checking the size and the elevation of the foundation pit so as to meet the design requirements.
S3, mixing raft plate concrete
The strength grade of the raft concrete is determined according to the stressed condition and the field condition of the raft, and the stressed condition comprises the sum of the pressure of the steel casing, the pressure of the drilling machine and the pressure of collapsible loess outside the casing.
In some embodiments, C20 concrete may be used, the mix ratio of the concrete is prepared using a conventional concrete mixing process, and the amount of concrete used per raft is determined by laboratory design based on the concrete raft geometry. Specifically, taking 5m × 0.4m as an example, the concrete dosage of each raft plate is 10m 3 The concrete should be mixed in a proper amount according to the amount of the concrete.
S4, pouring concrete on raft plates and embedding positioning steel bars of protective cylinders
Please refer to fig. 5, after the elevation and the geometric dimension of the raft foundation pit meet the requirements, the mixed concrete is placed in the raft foundation pit to be poured to form raft concrete, and the positioning steel bars inside the pile casing are pre-embedded in the raft concrete to play a role in positioning, as shown in the right side view in fig. 2, after the pile casing is installed, the positioning steel bars are located in the pile casing to play a role in positioning.
In some embodiments, the controlled raft panel concrete is cast to a thickness of 0.4-0.6m, such as 0.4m, 0.5m, 0.6m, and the like.
In some embodiments, after top plastering is performed after pouring, a total station is used for positioning a center point of a pile foundation, a circle is drawn by taking the center point as a circle center and taking the inner diameter of the pile casing reduced by 0.8-1.2cm as a radius, positioning steel bars inside the pile casing are symmetrically embedded on a circle line, and the embedded steel bars are controlled to be exposed out of 28-32cm (such as 28cm, 30cm, 32cm and the like) of the upper surface of concrete of the raft plate, so that the embedded steel bars are ensured to be firm and stable.
S5, burying concrete raft
And after 12h of pouring, the concrete is finally solidified and has certain bearing capacity, and the soil is backfilled and compacted.
In the actual operation process, the process of backfilling and compacting soil comprises the following steps: and backfilling undisturbed soil on the upper part of the raft plate concrete layer by layer, wherein the thickness of each layer is 0.8-1.2m, and flatly and compactly rolling by using a 150-type wheel excavator until the height of the drilling operation platform is reached.
S6, embedding protective cylinder
Please combine fig. 6 and fig. 7, dig to the top surface of the raft mixed soil, bury the pile casing, and make the deviation between the center of the pile casing and the center of the pile position less than 5cm, the deviation of verticality less than 1%, the height of the pile casing is 250-350mm above the ground.
In the actual operation process, after backfilling and compacting, excavating to the top surface of the mixed soil of the raft plate, controlling the excavating diameter to be larger than the diameter of the pile foundation, and enabling the excavating diameter to be adaptive to the diameter of the pile casing, wherein the excavating diameter is larger than the diameter of the pile foundation by 300mm in the figure 3.
Specifically, pile casings are embedded in pile foundation working platforms built on the raft plates in a layered filling and rolling mode through manual cooperation machinery; what protect a section of thick bamboo buries underground and uses the pile foundation center as the centre of a circle, utilizes 1.5m drill bit and drill bit scraper blade to protect a section of thick bamboo and transfers to the raft roof, protects a section of thick bamboo by the raft bearing, thereby utilizes the large tracts of land of raft to reduce pressure, makes and protects a section of thick bamboo firm. Meanwhile, the center of the pile casing is corrected by adopting white line cross, the deviation between the center of the pile casing and the center of a pile position is less than 5cm, the deviation of verticality is not more than 1 percent, the pile casing embedding work is the beginning of pile foundation construction, and the plane position and the verticality of the pile casing are accurate. The pile casing is buried accurately, stably and not inclined, and the height of the pile casing is 300mm higher than the ground.
In some embodiments, the bottom of the casing is sealed to make the periphery of the casing and the bottom of the casing tight and watertight. In the actual operation process, the bottom of the casing is sealed by adopting a water sealing material to prevent slurry from leaking, collapsing holes and channeling downwards. The water sealing material can be clay and other common materials.
S7, drilling pile drilling construction
And (4) driving and burying a protection pile on the ground outside the protection cylinder to check the deviation condition of the protection cylinder and a drilling machine at any time and control the hoisting and positioning of the reinforcement cage later.
In some embodiments, the number of the protection piles can be 2-8, and the protection piles are all in the range of 50-100cm outside the casing.
The method is characterized in that after the pile casing is buried, the periphery of the pile casing is leveled, compacted, and checked and accepted by position and elevation and drainage of the pile casing, a drilling machine is put in place and debugged, and drilling construction of the drilled pile is started.
It should be noted that the construction method provided in the embodiment of the invention is suitable for the thickness less than or equal to 17m and the pile length 15m. The sinking coefficient is 0.010-0.065, the total sinking amount is 339.8-381.3mm, the self-weight sinking coefficient is 0.000-0.023, and the construction of the bridge beam bored pile is carried out by rotary drilling.
According to the above description of the construction method provided by the embodiment of the invention, it can be determined that the mechanical equipment and materials used in the construction process are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 mechanical equipment and materials used in construction Process
| Serial number | Materials or machines | Bench (vehicle) | Use of |
| 1 | Rotary drilling rig | 1 | Drilling pile hole forming |
| 2 | 25t automobile | 1 | Steel reinforcement cage hoists and transfers and concreting |
| 3 | Watering cart | 1 | Transporting fresh water |
| 4 | Concrete tank | 3 | Concrete transportation |
| 5 | Transport vehicle | 1 | Transportation of reinforcement cage |
| 6 | Electric welding machine | 2 | Welding of reinforcement cage |
| 7 | Cutting machine | 1 | Steel bar blanking |
| 8 | Digging machine | 1 | Development raft foundation pit |
| 9 | Road roller | 1 | Raft backfilling and rolling |
| 10 | C20 coagulation | / | Preparation of concrete raft |
It is worth noting that the construction process provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts the following quality control measures: (1) Construction is carried out strictly according to the construction technical specification and the design requirement of the bridge cast-in-situ bored pile. (2) When the pile casing is buried, the plane position and the inclination of the pile casing are carefully checked, the clay filled at the bottom and around the pile casing is tamped layer by layer, the firm burying of the pile casing is ensured, and a drainage measure is taken. (3) The vertical line of the center of the pile casing is coincident with the center line of the pile, the allowable error of a general plane is 50MM, and the inclination of the vertical line is not more than 1%. (4) The construction process needs to calculate the stress according to the reality, adjusts the thickness of the raft, saves the consumption of concrete.
The benefits of the construction process provided by the embodiment of the invention are analyzed in combination with the application examples.
And (3) economic benefit analysis:
the collapse hole phenomenon of the collapsible loess stratum is shown in fig. 8, the common method for avoiding collapse hole and casing collapse at home at present is an all-steel casing method, the construction method provided by the embodiment of the invention is compared with the all-steel casing method in economic benefit analysis, the cost of each pile foundation is saved by near 74417 yuan, and the concrete is shown in table 2.
As can be seen from table 2, the low-strength concrete raft plate bearing casing method provided by the embodiment of the invention reduces investment cost, reduces labor intensity, improves efficiency, accelerates construction progress, ensures construction quality and safety, improves economic benefit, and is worthy of popularization and application in similar projects.
TABLE 2 comparison of the benefits of the construction method of the embodiment of the present invention and the all-steel casing method
In addition, in the bored concrete pile construction of collapsible loess section, often can be because protect a bottom soil property of section of thick bamboo and receive water soaking to lose bearing capacity, arouse that the section of thick bamboo sinks, constitute very big potential safety hazard to the drilling machinery at its top and personnel nearby. The application of the low-strength concrete raft plate bearing casing method in the engineering greatly reduces the possibility of hole collapse and the potential safety hazard caused by hole collapse, thereby ensuring the production safety of the engineering and generating positive social benefits.
Engineering example:
the general construction of the design and construction of the G219-line Arbrid county to eight-disk terrazzo highway construction project is totally contracted by a second standard section project from 10 months and 5 days in 2020 to the construction of a bridge pile foundation in K369+298 in collapsible loess sections, and 8 pile foundations are all positioned in the sections with the thickness of the loess layer being more than 10 m. The construction method is adopted to accelerate the construction progress, reduce the safety risks such as hole collapse and the like in the pile foundation construction process and provide powerful guarantee measures for smooth opening and operation of G219-line Heqicounty to eight-disk terrazzo highway construction projects. No safety quality accident occurs in the construction, and the approval and the favorable comment of each unit are obtained.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a construction method for bearing a casing bored pile by a raft plate in a collapsible loess section, which has the following advantages:
(1) The construction method adopts the pouring of the low-grade raft plate concrete, improves the supporting stability of the lower part of the pile casing of the bored pile, has high safety, and can effectively control the hole forming construction quality of the bored pile.
(2) The construction method ensures the embedding accuracy of the pile casing by embedding the positioning steel bars in the concrete raft, and has the advantages of simple process, convenient operation, rapidness and high efficiency.
(3) Compared with the construction of an all-steel casing, the construction method has low cost and good economic benefit.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The utility model provides a collapsible loess section raft board bearing protects a section of thick bamboo drilling bored concrete pile construction method which characterized in that includes: digging a raft foundation pit at the position where the pile casing is pre-embedded, placing the mixed concrete in the raft foundation pit for pouring to form raft concrete, pre-embedding positioning steel bars inside the pile casing on the raft concrete, and backfilling and compacting the soil after pouring for 12 hours; and excavating to the top surface of the raft mixed soil, burying the pile casing, and enabling the deviation between the center of the pile casing and the center of the pile position to be less than 5cm, the deviation of verticality to be less than 1% and the height of the pile casing to be 250-350mm higher than the ground.
2. The collapsible loess field raft bearing casing bored concrete pile construction method of claim 1, wherein the raft foundation pit is a range determined by enlarging the pile foundation center to the periphery by 2.5-3.5 m, the excavation base elevation is determined by the height of the casing and the casting thickness of raft concrete, and the calculation is performed according to the following formula:
the excavation basement elevation = pile casing top elevation-pile casing length-concrete pouring thickness.
3. The method for constructing the collapsible loess section raft plate bearing casing bored pile according to claim 2, wherein the casting thickness of the concrete of the raft plate is controlled to be 0.4 to 0.6m.
4. The method for constructing the collapsed loess field raft bearing casing bored pile according to claim 3, wherein C20 concrete is used as a raw material for casting, and top plastering is performed after casting.
5. The method for constructing a raft bearing casing bored pile according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a total station is used to locate a center point of a pile foundation, a circle is drawn with the center point as a center and the inner diameter of the casing reduced by 0.8-1.2cm as a radius, positioning reinforcements inside the casing are symmetrically embedded on the circular line, and the embedded reinforcements are controlled to expose 28-32cm of the concrete upper surface of the raft.
6. The method for constructing the collapsible loess field raft bearing casing bored pile according to claim 1, wherein the process of backfilling and compacting soil comprises: backfilling undisturbed soil on the upper part of the raft plate concrete layer by layer, wherein the thickness of each layer is 0.8-1.2m, and compacting by using a wheel type excavator.
7. The method for constructing the bored pile for the raft bearing casing of the collapsible loess section according to claim 1, wherein the pile is backfilled and compacted, and then excavated to the top surface of the mixed soil of the raft, and the excavation diameter is controlled to be larger than the diameter of the pile foundation and adapted to the diameter of the casing.
8. The method for constructing the collapsible loess section raft bearing casing bored pile according to claim 1, further comprising: sealing the bottom of the casing, and driving and burying a protection pile on the ground outside the casing.
9. The method for constructing the bored pile of the collapsed loess field raft for supporting the pile casing according to claim 8, wherein the bottom of the pile casing is sealed by a water-sealing material.
10. The method for constructing a bored pile with a collapsible loess field raft supporting casing according to claim 9, wherein the water-sealing material is clay.
11. The method for constructing a bored pile for a raft bearing casing of a collapsible loess region as claimed in claim 8, wherein the number of the piles is 2-8 and is within 50-100cm of the outside of the casing.
12. The construction method of the collapsible loess field raft bearing casing bored pile according to claim 1, wherein the collapsible loess field is a field with a collapse coefficient of 0.010-0.065, a total collapse amount of 339.8-381.3mm, and a self-weight collapse coefficient of 0.000-0.023.
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| JP3536270B2 (en) * | 1996-03-04 | 2004-06-07 | 清水建設株式会社 | Construction method of underground continuous wall |
| CN102797254B (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2014-08-06 | 马春根 | Construction method for bottom-expanded pile casting by long-spiral drilling and compacted half soil sampling |
| CN103806444A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-05-21 | 浙江省建工集团有限责任公司 | Soft soil layer rotary excavating pile construction method |
| CN110924383A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-03-27 | 国家电网有限公司 | Construction method of pressurized cast-in-place pile based on reinforced fibers and metakaolin |
| CN111424649B (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-08-24 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Construction technology for accurately positioning pile position of cast-in-place pile aiming at complex geology of large-scale venue in river region |
| CN214738007U (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-11-16 | 吉林吉化华强建设有限责任公司 | Carrier pile for high-rise building construction |
| CN113417307A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-21 | 上海建工一建集团有限公司 | Construction method for adding pile foundation after foundation pit excavation |
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