CN114182601B - Permeable concrete square and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Permeable concrete square and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114182601B CN114182601B CN202111507995.7A CN202111507995A CN114182601B CN 114182601 B CN114182601 B CN 114182601B CN 202111507995 A CN202111507995 A CN 202111507995A CN 114182601 B CN114182601 B CN 114182601B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/16—Reinforcements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C5/04—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of bricks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a permeable concrete square, which sequentially comprises a stone layer, a coarse sand layer, a permeable ceramic brick layer and a concrete layer from bottom to top; the preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially paving a stone layer, a coarse sand layer and a reinforcing mesh on a foundation, vertically inserting the permeable ceramic bricks into the coarse sand layer at the center of the reinforcing mesh to fix the permeable ceramic bricks in the coarse sand layer, and filling fine sand into the through holes of the permeable ceramic bricks; casting concrete on the coarse sand layer to make the height of the concrete slightly lower than that of the permeable ceramic tile to form a permeable ceramic tile layer; paving a layer of reinforcing steel bar net, and casting concrete to form a concrete layer; cutting a cross-shaped water collecting tank above each permeable ceramic tile on the concrete layer to enable the water collecting tank to be communicated with part of through holes of the permeable ceramic tiles, and filling fine sand into the through holes of the water collecting tank. The permeable concrete pavement can be widely applied to squares, parking lots, roads and the like, and has high strength and low maintenance cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of buildings, and relates to a permeable concrete square and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In order to solve the problems of urban adaptation to environmental changes, natural disasters caused by rainwater and the like, a city rain and flood management concept of a sponge city is provided. Rainwater is infiltrated, stagnated and stored, purified and recycled through the sponge body, and finally the rest part of runoffs are discharged through a pipe network and a pump station, so that the standard of a city drainage system can be effectively improved, and the pressure of urban waterlogging is relieved. The construction of the permeable pavement is realized in the aspect of the construction of urban supporting facilities, and the permeable pavement is used for replacing the traditional concrete and asphalt pavement.
The existing permeable pavement generally adopts a construction method of paving permeable bricks on concrete or roadbed. The prior permeable bricks or permeable concrete have the defects that the strength is affected by too high porosity, and if the bearing capacity of the roadbed is reduced, the roadbed is easy to break; moreover, the permeable surface is rough, the gap is large, and the surface layer is sanded and the pores are blocked after long-time use, so that the permeable effect is affected, and the permeable brick or permeable concrete needs to be renovated and has high cost after 3-5 years of use due to the problems of lower strength and surface layer sanding. In the prior art, a plurality of layers of reinforcing steel bars are paved in the roadbed to improve the strength, but the cost is too high. There are also construction methods for enhancing the drainage capacity of the roadbed by embedding water collection grooves in the foundation, however, the procedures are complex and the construction period is long, but the problem of blocking of micropores on the surface layer cannot be effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of poor water permeability, low strength, complex procedures and high cost of the conventional water permeable pavement, the invention provides a water permeable concrete square which is simple and convenient to construct, high in pavement strength and rapid in water permeability.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction method of the permeable concrete pavement.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The permeable concrete square sequentially comprises a stone layer, a coarse sand layer, a permeable ceramic brick layer and a concrete layer from bottom to top; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing water-permeable ceramic bricks: putting the ceramic raw material into a mould, and firing the permeable ceramic bricks; the water permeable ceramic tile has the height of 200-300mm, the cross section of square, the side length of 80-150mm, longitudinal through holes densely distributed in the tile, and the diameter of the through holes is 5-10mm;
(2) Preparing a reinforcing mesh: welding the steel bars into a steel bar net, wherein the mesh holes of the steel bar net are square, and the side length of the steel bar net is 1.5-2 times of the side length of the permeable ceramic bricks;
(3) Tamping a foundation, excavating a water collecting groove around the foundation, paving a layer of stone layer on the foundation, paving coarse sand to form a coarse sand layer, paving a reinforcing mesh on the coarse sand layer, vertically inserting the permeable ceramic tile into the coarse sand layer at the center of the reinforcing mesh to fix the permeable ceramic tile in the coarse sand layer, ensuring that the height of the upper surface of the permeable ceramic tile is consistent, and simultaneously filling fine sand into the through holes of the permeable ceramic tile;
(4) Casting concrete on the coarse sand layer to make the height of the concrete slightly lower than that of the permeable ceramic tile, and curing to form a permeable ceramic tile layer;
(5) Paving a layer of reinforcing steel bar net corresponding to the step (3) on the permeable ceramic brick layer, and then pouring concrete to form a concrete layer;
(6) Cutting a cross-shaped water collecting tank above each permeable ceramic tile on the concrete layer to enable the water collecting tank to be communicated with part of through holes of the permeable ceramic tiles, and filling fine sand into the through holes of the water collecting tank.
Preferably, the thickness of the permeable ceramic brick layer is half of the height of the permeable ceramic brick, the thickness of the stone layer is 200-300mm, the thickness of the coarse sand layer is 100-200mm, and the thickness of the concrete layer is 50-80mm.
Preferably, the water collection tank has a tank width of 3-8mm.
Preferably, the cement of the concrete is ordinary Portland cement or Portland cement, numbered 425 or 525.
Preferably, the strength of the concrete is not lower than C25. More preferably, the raw materials of the concrete comprise cement, water, middle sand with fineness modulus of 2.3-3.0 and continuous graded stone with fineness modulus of 5-31.5mm in a mass ratio of 1:0.47:1.59:3.39, or cement, water, middle sand with fineness modulus of 2.3-3.0 and continuous graded stone with fineness modulus of 5-25mm in a mass ratio of 1:0.38:1.11:2.72.
Preferably, the stone layer is divided into a first stone layer and a second stone layer from bottom to top, and the average particle size of the first stone layer is larger than that of the second stone layer. More preferably, the first stone sub-layer is a 20-40mm graded stone, and the second stone sub-layer is a 10-20mm graded stone.
Preferably, the sand of the coarse sand layer is river sand with fineness modulus (μf) of 3.7-3.1; the fine sand is river sand with fineness modulus (muf) of 0.7-2.2.
Preferably, each side of the permeable ceramic tile is provided with grooves or protrusions.
According to the invention, the water collecting tank communicated with the permeable ceramic brick layer is arranged on the concrete surface, rainwater passes through the water collecting tank, the permeable ceramic brick holes and the stone layer, water flow quickly infiltrates downwards, and the distribution of water in the whole foundation layer is realized through the permeable ceramic bricks and the coarse sand layer together, so that the defect of excessive water at a single position is avoided.
The rainwater of the invention flows into the recovery pool through the peripheral drainage ditch after passing through the coarse sand layer and the stone layer, thereby realizing the rainwater collection.
The water collecting tank and the ceramic water permeable brick have larger holes, so that the water collecting tank and the ceramic water permeable brick have high infiltration speed, basically cannot be blocked, and have simple post-cleaning procedures. When the water collecting tank is filled with more soil or sundries, the water collecting tank is washed by the high-pressure water gun and then refilled with fine sand. Overcomes the defect of the prior permeable pavement that the water permeability is reduced after long-term use.
The permeable concrete square of the invention integrates the permeable ceramic bricks and concrete, has high strength, basically reaches the strength of common concrete, and overcomes the defect of low strength of the existing permeable pavement.
The permeable ceramic tile has higher strength, and the grooves or the protrusions are arranged on the periphery of the permeable ceramic tile, so that concrete can be well solidified into a whole, and the strength of a permeable concrete square is enhanced.
The invention has the following advantages:
the permeable concrete square has the advantages of quick water permeability, high strength, convenient cleaning and maintenance in the later period, no reduction in water permeability and capability of realizing rainwater collection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a water permeable ceramic tile;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of a permeable concrete square according to example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of a permeable concrete square according to example 2;
wherein, 1, stone layer, 1-1 first stone layer, 1-2, second stone layer, 2, coarse sand layer, 3, permeable ceramic brick layer, 4, concrete layer, 5, reinforcing bar net, 6, water catch bowl.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Example 1 permeable concrete Square and construction
The permeable concrete square has a structure shown in fig. 2, and comprises a stone layer, a coarse sand layer, a permeable ceramic brick layer and a concrete layer from bottom to top in sequence; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing water-permeable ceramic bricks: putting the ceramic raw material into a mould, and firing the permeable ceramic bricks with grooves on each surface as shown in figure 1; the water permeable ceramic tile has the height of 200mm, the cross section of square, the side length of 80mm, and longitudinal through holes which are distributed in 9X 9 array are densely distributed in the water permeable ceramic tile, and the diameter of each through hole is 5mm;
(2) Preparing a reinforcing mesh: welding the steel bars with the diameter of 10mm into a single-layer steel bar net, wherein the meshes of the steel bar net are square, and the side length of each mesh is 160mm;
(3) Tamping a foundation, excavating a water collecting groove around the foundation, and paving a layer of 5-40mm graded stone with the thickness of 200mm on the foundation as a stone layer; paving a layer of river sand (μf=3.1-3.7) with the thickness of 100mm to form a coarse sand layer; placing a 20mm cushion block on the coarse sand layer, then paving a reinforcing mesh, vertically inserting the permeable ceramic tiles into the coarse sand layer at the center of the reinforcing mesh, and ensuring that the depth is 100mm, fixing the permeable ceramic tiles in the coarse sand layer, ensuring that the heights of the upper surfaces of the permeable ceramic tiles are consistent, and simultaneously filling fine river sand (μf=0.7-1.5) in the through holes of the permeable ceramic tiles;
(4) Concrete of C30 strength was obtained according to the following formulation, with the addition of 1.8% of a polycarboxylate water reducer: portland cement No. 525: water: middlings (μf=2.3-3.0): 5-25mm graded stones (5-10 mm 30%,10-25mm 70%) are 1:0.38:1.11:2.72, concrete is poured on the coarse sand layer, the height of the concrete is slightly lower than that of the permeable ceramic tile by 5mm, and the permeable ceramic tile layer is formed by solidification;
(5) Paving a layer of reinforcing steel bar net corresponding to the step (3) on the permeable ceramic brick layer, and casting concrete with the C30 strength and the thickness of 50mm to form a concrete layer;
(6) Above each permeable ceramic tile on the concrete layer, cutting a cross-shaped water collecting tank, wherein the water collecting tank is 3mm wide, so that the water collecting tank is communicated with partial through holes of the permeable ceramic tiles, and fine river sand (μf=1.6-2.2) is filled in the water collecting tank.
Example 2 permeable concrete Square and construction
The permeable concrete square has a structure shown in fig. 2, and comprises a first stone layer, a second stone layer, a coarse sand layer, a permeable ceramic brick layer and a concrete layer from bottom to top in sequence; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing water-permeable ceramic bricks: putting the ceramic raw material into a mould, and firing the permeable ceramic bricks with grooves on each surface as shown in figure 1; the water permeable ceramic tile has the height of 300mm, the cross section of square, the side length of 150mm, and longitudinal through holes distributed in 9X 9 array are densely distributed in the water permeable ceramic tile, and the diameter of each through hole is 8mm;
(2) Preparing a reinforcing mesh: welding reinforcing steel bars with the diameter of 12mm into a single-layer reinforcing steel bar net, wherein meshes of the reinforcing steel bar net are square, and the side length of each mesh is 200mm;
(3) Tamping a foundation, excavating a water collecting groove around the foundation, and paving a layer of 20-40mm graded stone with the thickness of 200mm on the foundation as a first stone layer; then paving a layer of graded stone with the diameter of 10-20mm after 100mm as a second stone layer; paving a layer of river sand (μf=3.1-3.7) with the thickness of 200mm to form a coarse sand layer; placing a 20mm cushion block on the coarse sand layer, then paving a reinforcing mesh, vertically inserting the permeable ceramic tile into the coarse sand layer at the center of the reinforcing mesh, and fixing the permeable ceramic tile in the coarse sand layer to a depth of 150mm, so that the height of the upper surface of the permeable ceramic tile is consistent, and simultaneously filling fine river sand (μf=0.7-1.5) in the through holes of the permeable ceramic tile;
(4) A C25 strength concrete was obtained according to the following formulation, with the addition of 0.9% of a polycarboxylate water reducer: portland cement No. 425: water: middlings (μf=2.3-3.0): 5-31.5mm graded cobble (5-10 mm 20%,10-20mm 50%,16-31.5mm 30%) is 1:0.47:1.59:3.39, casting concrete on the coarse sand layer to make the height of the concrete slightly lower than the height of the permeable ceramic tile by 10mm, and solidifying to form a permeable ceramic tile layer;
(5) Paving a layer of reinforcing steel bar net corresponding to the step (3) on the permeable ceramic brick layer, and casting concrete with the C25 strength and the thickness of 80mm to form a concrete layer;
(6) Above each permeable ceramic tile on the concrete layer, cutting a cross-shaped water collecting tank, wherein the water collecting tank is 8mm wide, so that the water collecting tank is communicated with partial through holes of the permeable ceramic tiles, and fine river sand (μf=1.6-2.2) is filled in the water collecting tank.
The squares of examples 1 and 2 described above were used for 3 years without cracking and collapse of the road surface, and the road surface was kept free of water accumulation under precipitation conditions at and below heavy rain without cleaning for 3 years. Therefore, the invention overcomes the defect of the reduced water permeability of the existing water permeable pavement for long-term use, and also overcomes the defect of low strength of the existing water permeable pavement, and is suitable for popularization.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a concrete square permeates water which characterized in that: the concrete layer comprises a stone layer, a coarse sand layer, a permeable ceramic brick layer and a concrete layer from bottom to top in sequence; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing water-permeable ceramic bricks: putting the ceramic raw material into a mould, and firing the permeable ceramic bricks; the water permeable ceramic tile has the height of 200-300mm, the cross section of square, the side length of 80-150mm, longitudinal through holes densely distributed in the tile, and the diameter of the through holes is 5-10mm;
(2) Preparing a reinforcing mesh: welding the steel bars into a steel bar net, wherein the mesh holes of the steel bar net are square, and the side length of the steel bar net is 1.5-2 times of the side length of the permeable ceramic bricks;
(3) Tamping a foundation, excavating a water collecting groove around the foundation, paving a layer of stone layer on the foundation, paving coarse sand to form a coarse sand layer, paving a reinforcing mesh on the coarse sand layer, vertically inserting the permeable ceramic tile into the coarse sand layer at the center of the reinforcing mesh to fix the permeable ceramic tile in the coarse sand layer, ensuring that the height of the upper surface of the permeable ceramic tile is consistent, and simultaneously filling fine sand into the through holes of the permeable ceramic tile;
(4) Casting concrete on the coarse sand layer to make the height of the concrete slightly lower than that of the permeable ceramic tile, and curing to form a permeable ceramic tile layer;
(5) Paving a layer of reinforcing steel bar net corresponding to the step (3) on the permeable ceramic brick layer, and then pouring concrete to form a concrete layer;
(6) Cutting a cross-shaped water collecting tank above each permeable ceramic tile on the concrete layer to enable the water collecting tank to be communicated with part of through holes of the permeable ceramic tiles, and filling fine sand into the through holes of the water collecting tank.
2. The permeable concrete square according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the permeable ceramic brick layer is half of the height of the permeable ceramic brick, the thickness of the stone layer is 200-300mm, the thickness of the coarse sand layer is 100-200mm, and the thickness of the concrete layer is 50-80mm.
3. The permeable concrete square according to claim 1, wherein: the water collecting tank has a tank width of 3-8mm.
4. The permeable concrete square according to claim 1, wherein: the cement of the concrete is ordinary silicate cement or silicate cement, and the label is No. 425 or No. 525.
5. The permeable concrete square according to claim 1, wherein: the strength of the concrete is not lower than C25.
6. The permeable concrete square according to claim 5, wherein: the raw materials of the concrete comprise cement, water, middle sand and 5-31.5mm continuous graded stones with the mass ratio of 1:0.47:1.59:3.39, and the fineness modulus of 2.3-3.0, or cement, water, middle sand and 5-25mm continuous graded stones with the mass ratio of 1:0.38:1.11:2.72, wherein the mass ratio of the cement to the water is 1:0.47:1.59:3.39.
7. The permeable concrete square according to claim 1, wherein: the stone layer is divided into a first stone layer and a second stone layer from bottom to top, and the average particle size of the first stone layer is larger than that of the second stone layer.
8. The permeable concrete square according to claim 7, wherein: the first stone sub-layer is 20-40mm graded stone, and the second stone sub-layer is 10-20mm graded stone.
9. The permeable concrete square according to claim 1, wherein: the sand of the coarse sand layer is river sand with fineness modulus of 3.7-3.1; the fine sand is river sand with fineness modulus of 0.7-2.2.
10. The permeable concrete square according to claim 1, wherein: grooves or protrusions are formed in the periphery of the permeable ceramic tile.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111507995.7A CN114182601B (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Permeable concrete square and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202111507995.7A CN114182601B (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Permeable concrete square and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114182601B true CN114182601B (en) | 2023-08-25 |
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| CN206928165U (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2018-01-26 | 上海市园林工程有限公司 | A kind of water penetration armored concrete basic unit |
| CN209292810U (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-08-23 | 浙江逸通海绵城市科技有限公司 | Ceramic water-permeable brick |
| CN213681552U (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2021-07-13 | 萍乡学院 | Pervious concrete |
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2021
- 2021-12-10 CN CN202111507995.7A patent/CN114182601B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3147443U (en) * | 2008-10-17 | 2008-12-25 | 靖隆 平岡 | Permeable pavement board and pavement board installation structure |
| CN204982587U (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2016-01-20 | 沈阳鸿润水利工程有限公司 | Concrete resistance to compression structure of permeating water road surface |
| CN205443840U (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-08-10 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | Permeable pavement structure of motor vehicle road |
| CN106800388A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-06 | 广东三和管桩股份有限公司 | Cement base baking-free water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN206928165U (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2018-01-26 | 上海市园林工程有限公司 | A kind of water penetration armored concrete basic unit |
| CN209292810U (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-08-23 | 浙江逸通海绵城市科技有限公司 | Ceramic water-permeable brick |
| CN213681552U (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2021-07-13 | 萍乡学院 | Pervious concrete |
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