CN114182540A - Multilayer 3D effect coating fabric and manufacturing process and application thereof - Google Patents
Multilayer 3D effect coating fabric and manufacturing process and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114182540A CN114182540A CN202111505698.9A CN202111505698A CN114182540A CN 114182540 A CN114182540 A CN 114182540A CN 202111505698 A CN202111505698 A CN 202111505698A CN 114182540 A CN114182540 A CN 114182540A
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Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
- D06N7/0092—Non-continuous polymer coating on the fibrous substrate, e.g. plastic dots on fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
- D06N3/0061—Organic fillers or organic fibrous fillers, e.g. ground leather waste, wood bark, cork powder, vegetable flour; Other organic compounding ingredients; Post-treatment with organic compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
- D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
- D06N2209/16—Properties of the materials having other properties
- D06N2209/1685—Wear resistance
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
- D06N2211/10—Clothing
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
- D06N2211/10—Clothing
- D06N2211/106—Footwear
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
- D06N2211/12—Decorative or sun protection articles
- D06N2211/14—Furniture, upholstery
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
- D06N2211/12—Decorative or sun protection articles
- D06N2211/26—Vehicles, transportation
- D06N2211/261—Body finishing, e.g. headliners
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of coating fabrics, and particularly relates to a multilayer 3D effect coating fabric and a manufacturing process and application thereof. According to the invention, the water-based PU or water-based PU modified resin coating is subjected to multi-pass thick coating on the textile fabric by adopting a stamping process, so that the multilayer 3D effect coating fabric is obtained. The coating can form a three-dimensional coating effect with edge fluorescence and various regenerated fiber effects on the surface layer under different actual requirements, and the thickness of the coating can reach 5mm as the next thick coating is carried out after the interval of a plurality of stamping is 1-2 h. The cross section of the coating formed by the invention can be arched, rectangular and/or trapezoidal, so that the 3D shape of the coating on the cloth can be changed according to the actual requirement, and various different effects can be formed. The invention has no special requirements on the material, structure and the like of the textile fabric base cloth, is easy to operate, and the obtained fabric containing the coating is soft, wear-resistant and does not crack, thereby greatly enriching and expanding the variety and application of the multilayer 3D coating fabric.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coating fabrics, and particularly relates to a multilayer 3D effect coating fabric and a manufacturing process and application thereof.
Background
Along with the improvement of living standard of people, the cloth with special appearance effect is more and more diversified, and it is one of them to combine on the cloth of various materials and be different from the technology of weaving and present strong 3D stereoeffect. The existing flexible coating for showing the three-dimensional effect of cloth can only show an arch with a round cross section by adopting hollow-out printing, silk-screen printing or other printing processes whether foamed or not. Furthermore, the coating has poor rheological properties, and the thickness of the coating is mostly only 1.5mm or less. Taking a screen printing process as an example, the thickness of 1.2mm is printed on the cloth by using the existing regenerated fiber coating, about 40 printing paths are needed, about 20 printing paths are needed to be added from the thickness of 1.2mm to the thickness of 1.5mm, and then the printing is continued, and the final coating thickness is difficult to accumulate. The reason for the above is that the superposition limit of the coating thickness is limited by the self process characteristics of the silk-screen printing, and meanwhile, the surface of the original aqueous adhesive cement is easy to collapse after hollow-out printing, or burrs are formed on the edge, and the wear resistance and the flexing resistance are required to be improved.
More information about the above-described solutions can also be found in the following documents.
Patent document one discloses a composite material of an all-cotton laminated polyurethane film, which comprises: a floor layer and a surface layer; the bottom layer is made of all-cotton terry cloth; the surface layer is a polyurethane film; the polyurethane film is compounded with the all-cotton towel cloth material through polyurethane resin. In the process of applying the polyurethane film to the all-cotton fabric, after the polyurethane resin is applied to the polyurethane film in a dotted manner, the polyurethane resin must be heated by an oven to remove the solvent in the polyurethane film, and a solid adhesive with real adhesion is left, and then the polyurethane resin is compounded with another material of all-cotton towel cloth under certain temperature and pressure, and the compound material of the all-cotton film is obtained after cooling. The thickness of the polyurethane film obtained by the technical scheme cannot show a 3D (three-dimensional) effect, and the requirement of the flexible filler on the textile fabric for high thickness cannot be met.
Patent document two discloses a cloth color pigment having a 3D effect and an application of the cloth color pigment. The cloth color pigment with the 3D effect comprises the following components in parts by weight: 82.9-96.4 parts of water-soluble acrylic resin, 1-4 parts of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, 0.5-2.0 parts of acrylate thickener, 0.1 part of preservative Kathon and 1-10.0 parts of toner or effect pigment; the pH value of the pigment is 7.0-8.0. After the cloth color pigment is coated on cloth, drying is not needed, washing can be carried out only by drying for 72 hours at normal temperature, and the cloth color pigment cannot be washed off and has good washing resistance. The dried cloth color pigment obviously protrudes on the surface of the cloth and has a good 3D effect. The 3D effect cloth color pigment in the patent adopts acrylic resin, so that the performance of the paint on the aspect of the adhesive force with cloth is poor, and the 3D effect cloth color pigment has the defects of easy aging and cracking of the acrylic resin and poor color fastness.
In the third patent document, 0.01-0.1mm of large particles, waterborne polyurethane and an isocyanate curing agent are uniformly mixed to form a coating, the coating is printed on cloth in a screen printing mode, and the cloth with a particle coating of 0.1-0.3mm in height can be obtained after drying; the method has a certain reference function for preparing the coating with fine grain diameter and low thickness, but obviously cannot be realized when the coating with the grain diameter of more than 0.5mm and the thickness of more than 2mm is required to be prepared.
In the fourth patent document, a coating is prepared from a water-based polyurethane resin, a foaming agent and an auxiliary agent, a curing agent and color ink are added for foaming when the coating is used, and a 3D three-dimensional printing coating with the thickness of 1-3mm is obtained by printing on cloth through a screen printing plate with the thickness of 2-4 mm; the method has a certain reference function on soft touch and high-thickness printing; however, for high-thickness coating printing, the coating used in the method needs to be foamed, the foamed coating needs to be printed within 30min, the material preparation process is complex, the usable time is short, and no mention is made in the text that other pigments with special effects can be added into the coating to prepare a multilayer multicolor three-dimensional structure; this is because the foamed coating material has a flowing property, and the edge formed in the drying process has a circular arc-like effect, and when the second high-thickness printing is performed, the second coating layer flows along the circular arc edge of the first pass to cover the effect of the first pass, so that it is difficult to perform the multi-layer high-thickness printing.
In the fifth patent document, the waterborne polyurethane is matched with recycled cloth and isocyanate to be mixed into a coating, and the coating is printed on the cloth and dried to form a coating with the height of 0.1-1 mm; the method focuses on recycling of waste cloth, is applied to the field of water-based coatings, and can prepare the cloth with the thickness of 0.1-1 mm; no further research is done to produce coatings of higher thickness, and no mention is made that pigments with other special effects can be added to the coating to produce multilayer three-dimensional structures.
Patent document one: CN201598514U "composite material of all cotton laminated polyurethane film";
patent document two: CN101962916B 'cloth color pigment and application thereof';
patent document three: CN111235922A 'a particle coating cloth and a preparation method thereof';
patent document four: CN111705527A 'a 3D printed cloth and a preparation method thereof';
patent document five: CN112703233A 'A coating of recycled fiber containing waste cloth, a coating and a preparation method thereof'.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems in the background art, a need exists for a multi-layer 3D effect coated fabric and a manufacturing process and application thereof, wherein a special coating is matched with different types and particle sizes of particles or special effect pigments, a hollow-out stencil printing plate with the same pattern positions and gradually increased thickness is used to realize accurate positioning, and the coating is printed on a base fabric from thin to thick by using the hollow-out stencil printing plate, so that a multi-coating multi-color multi-layer 3D three-dimensional coating effect with the thickness of 0.5-5mm is achieved. In addition, the multilayer 3D effect coating has excellent adhesive force, wear resistance and bending resistance on the fabric.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect of the present invention, the inventor provides a manufacturing process of a multilayer 3D effect coated fabric, comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a substrate, base cloth, a template plate with a hollow part, a scraper and paint;
s2, placing the base cloth on the substrate;
s3, placing the stamping plate on the base cloth;
s4, filling the coating into the hollow part of the mould plate;
s5, scraping off the excessive paint which does not enter the hollow part of the stencil by the scraper;
s6, curing and shrinking;
s7, repeating the steps S3 to S6 for one to four times to obtain the multilayer 3D effect coating fabric, wherein the hollowed-out thickness of the hollowed-out part of the die plate is 0.5-5.0 mm.
The invention adopts a multi-pass thick coating process to be matched with a die printing plate with a hollow part in a preset pattern shape to manufacture the multi-layer 3D effect coating fabric, and the basic operation steps are to repeatedly implement the die printing operation for one to four times at the same position. And after the previous thick coating is fully cured and shrunk, the next thick coating which has the same shape of the hollow part of the template but has different thickness of the hollow part (thicker than the previous coating) is carried out. It can be understood that, in the manufacturing process of the invention, a plurality of pre-set printing plates with the same shape of the coating pattern but different thicknesses of the hollow parts are prepared, the printing plates are sequentially subjected to the stamping operation according to the sequence from low to high in thickness, and the thickest printing plate is applied to the last filling of the coating. Thus, the thickness of the coating obtained after full curing shrinkage is the final thickness of the die plate minus the thickness reduced after curing shrinkage of the coating. Of course, the number of times of repetition of the specific stamping operation and the thickness of the hollow part can be determined according to actual needs.
Preferably, in the step S7, the thickness of the hollow portion of the stencil selected in the next operation step S3 is greater than the thickness of the hollow portion of the stencil selected in the previous operation step S3. So, through the stencil that sets up different fretwork portion fretwork thickness, choose the stencil for use according to the order of thickness from low to high and carry out the stamp to make the coating that the stamp obtained constantly increase in vertical direction, realize multilayer 3D stereoeffect.
Preferably, in the step S6, the curing shrinkage temperature is 30-35 ℃ in the step S6, except for the last repetition of steps S3-S6. The curing shrinkage temperature can affect the performance and structure of the surface of the coating, and when the curing shrinkage temperature is lower than 30 ℃, the surface of the coating is too slow to dry, which is not beneficial to the next stamping construction; when the curing shrinkage temperature is higher than 35 ℃, the surface of the coating is dried too fast, the shrinkage probability of the coating is increased, surface defects are caused, and the next die-stamping construction effect is influenced by orange peel, wrinkle, wave and collapse.
Preferably, in the step S6, the curing shrinkage time is 4-6min, except for the last repetition of steps S3-S6. The shrinkage of the curing time can affect the shrinkage of the edge of the coating, the curing shrinkage time is less than 4min, the coating cannot be surface-dried, the coating cannot be printed by using the stencil again, and the surface of the coating can collapse; when the curing shrinkage time is longer than 6min, the drying time is too long, the edge of the coating shrinks, and a multilayer three-dimensional coating with smooth edge and strong supporting force cannot be formed.
Therefore, through a great deal of practical comparison and scientific verification of the inventor, the curing shrinkage temperature of the stamping operation in the middle process is set to be 30-35 ℃, and the curing shrinkage time is set to be 4-6 min.
Preferably, when the steps S3 to S6 are repeated for the last time, in the step S6, the curing shrinkage temperature is 25 to 70 ℃ and the curing shrinkage time is 48 to 168 hours. When the curing shrinkage temperature is lower than 25 ℃, the surface of the coating is dried too slowly, so that the production efficiency is reduced; when the curing shrinkage temperature exceeds 70 ℃, the internal structure of the coating is affected, and the properties such as flexibility of the coating are affected, and the defect rate is increased.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the coating comprises:
76-91% of waterborne PU or waterborne PU modified resin;
0.1 to 0.2 percent of pH regulator;
0.2 to 0.5 percent of defoaming agent;
0.5 to 2 percent of dispersant;
1-3% of fumed silica;
0.5-1.0% of cellulose ether;
0.6 to 2 percent of water-based thickening agent;
3-5% of a curing agent;
the water-based PU or the water-based PU modified resin is an aliphatic polyester type polyurethane water-based dispersion, and the aliphatic polyester type polyurethane water-based dispersion has excellent flexibility, tensile strength, yellowing resistance and hydrolysis resistance. The pH regulator is organic amine, and the organic amine has the advantages that on one hand, the pH value of the system can be adjusted, the whole rheology is controlled, on the other hand, the wetting effect on cellulose ether and fumed silica powder can be increased, and the storage stability is improved. The defoaming agent is a mixture of foam-breaking polysiloxane and hydrophobic particles in polyethylene glycol, and can quickly and obviously eliminate bubbles generated in the production and construction processes. The dispersing agent is a polyacrylate copolymer, can quickly wet and disperse powder, increases the uniformity of a system, and prolongs the storage period of a product. The cellulose ether is hydroxypropyl or hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, and can adjust the thixotropy of a system and increase the space supporting effect. The aqueous thickening agent is hydrophobic modified aqueous polyurethane or acrylate thickening agent, can control the rheology of a system, has better construction performance, better storage performance and the like, and controls the radian of the edge of a flower position by adjusting thickening matching. The curing agent is water-based isocyanate, aziridine or carbodiimide curing agent, and can improve the overall performance of the product, such as pressure resistance, flexibility resistance and tensile force. The coating formed in the way has excellent rheological property, thixotropy index of 5.5-7.0, good surface drying speed and curing shrinkage performance, and can form a multilayer 3D stereoscopic effect coating with strong adhesive force, wear resistance and the combination of the stamping process.
The special aqueous polyurethane dispersion is selected for the slurry, the coating has the characteristics of strong adhesive force, quick surface drying, high thixotropy and strong system supporting structure through the aid and rheological control, the special aqueous polyurethane dispersion has strong adhesive force with the base cloth, and the framework with quick surface drying, high thixotropy and strong support can provide the continuity of the overprinting of the stencil. If the surface of the coating is dried slowly, the construction of the next die plate (material sticking; the coating with low thixotropy has too good fluidity, the pattern position can be enlarged after the last die printing is carried out, the next die plate cannot be aligned for printing, and the obtained coating has poor laminating effect.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fumed silica has a particle size of 0.002 to 0.1 μm. Therefore, the fumed silica with different particle sizes is selected to be compounded to achieve different high thixotropy combinations, so that obvious thixotropy and a three-dimensional space structure of a slurry system can be provided, and a strong supporting effect is achieved.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the coating further comprises 3-10% of pigments. The pigment can be selected from one or more of powder or paint with color effect or special functionality with fineness of less than 1mm, such as but not limited to noctilucent powder, pearlescent effect pigment, water-based ink, rubber particles, recycled fiber and the like. By adding the pigment with the content, a multi-layer and multi-color 3D stereoscopic effect coating with different effects such as strong color contrast, surface layer pearlescence, transparent middle layer fluorescence, upper, middle and lower layers fluorescence and the like can be formed according to actual needs.
In a second aspect of the invention, the inventor provides a multilayer 3D effect coated fabric, and the multilayer 3D effect coated fabric is prepared by the manufacturing process of the first aspect of the invention, the cross section of the multilayer on the multilayer coated fabric is arched, rectangular and/or trapezoidal, and the thickness of the multilayer on the multilayer coated fabric is 0.5-5 mm. According to the above description, it can be imagined that the thickness variable range of the multi-coating layer on the multi-coating fabric of the invention breaks through the coating thickness that can be achieved by the prior art, and the formed coating cross section not only has various shapes, but also can form different color effects with distinct layers in the vertical direction.
In a third aspect of the invention, the inventor provides an application of the manufacturing process of the first aspect of the invention in preparing a multilayer 3D effect coating fabric. Therefore, the multilayer 3D effect coating fabric provided by the invention can be widely applied to the fields of, but not limited to, clothes, shoes and bags, sofas, car interiors, soft furniture and the like, and the fabric selection in the fields is greatly enriched.
Different from the prior art, the technical scheme at least has the following beneficial effects:
the invention solves the problems that the prior art needs to carry out thick coating printing by foaming coating and can not carry out multi-level and high-rise thick printing by adjusting the rheological property and the supporting property of the coating. According to the invention, a high-thickness (0.5-5mm) coating can be prepared on the fabric without foaming paint, the use time can be controlled within 8h, the use time is prolonged, and the high-efficiency production is facilitated. As used herein, "time of use" refers to the pot life of the coating slurry as formulated, i.e., the time during which the slurry can be used normally to maintain effective performance. In contrast, the using time of the foaming slurry is within 30min, the using time of the two-component slurry product is within 4h, and the using time can influence the slurry construction and the product performance formed. The paint provided by the invention can also be added with pigments with different special effects to prepare multilayer and multicolor three-dimensional effects.
According to the invention, the water-based PU or water-based PU modified resin coating is subjected to multi-pass thick coating on the textile fabric by adopting a stamping process, so that the multilayer 3D effect coating is obtained. The coating can form edge fluorescence under different actual requirements, the surface layer has various fiber effects and other three-dimensional multi-coating effects, and the thickness of the coating can reach 5mm as the next thick coating is carried out after the surface is dried among the multi-channel stamping. By adopting the special process of the invention and pre-manufacturing different die plates according to the requirements, the cross section of the formed coating can be arched, rectangular and/or trapezoidal, so that the 3D shape of the coating on the cloth can be changed according to the actual requirements to form various different effects. The stamping process has no special requirements on the material, structure and the like of the textile fabric base cloth, is easy to operate, and the obtained multilayer 3D effect coating fabric coating is soft, wear-resistant and does not crack. Under the condition of pre-design, the variety and the application of the cloth with special appearance effect are greatly enriched and expanded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an effect diagram of a fabric with a multi-layer 3D effect coating (two layers) according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is an effect diagram of a multi-layer 3D effect coating (three-layer) fabric according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is an effect diagram of another multi-layer 3D effect coating (two-layer) fabric according to the embodiment;
fig. 4 is an effect diagram of another multi-layer 3D effect coating (four-layer) fabric according to the embodiment.
Detailed Description
To explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the technical solutions in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
Ordinal terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used herein to merely distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or operations.
The substrate referred to in the present invention means a facility for a substrate cloth to be placed thereon for each process step of making a laminated 3D effect coated fabric, which is required to be dry, flat, clean, and may be exemplified by, but not limited to, metals such as aluminum, steel, and titanium, engineering plastics such as polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyamide, rubbers and elastomers, glass, ceramic materials, clays and minerals, textiles and leather, or composites such as, but not limited to, glass fibers, carbon fibers, polypropylene fibers, and aramid fibers.
The base fabric of the present invention serves as a coating carrier and also as a fabric main body, and the fiber material of the base fabric can independently include any type of woven fabric, non-woven fabric or knitted fabric. Woven fabrics may be made using any of the techniques known in the art that use any weave, such as plain weave, crowfoot weave, basket weave, satin weave, twill weave, three-dimensional woven fabrics, and any of several variations of these techniques. Knit fabric constructions are constructions made up of intermeshed loops, of which the four main types are tricot, raschel, webbing and directional construction. Nonwoven fabric refers to a woven structure produced by bonding and/or interlocking randomly oriented fibers into a web or mat achieved by mechanical, chemical, thermal, or solvent means, as well as combinations thereof.
The stencil is different from a screen printing plate, can be made of glass, acrylic and other materials, and is subjected to pattern printing by adopting laser to form a specific hollow-out part. Particularly, for the same preset pattern, one to four printing plates are required to be printed, and the thickness of the hollow part in the one to four printing plates is 0.5-5.0 mm.
The waterborne PU or the waterborne PU modified resin is aliphatic polyester type polyurethane waterborne dispersion, and Wanhua is preferred in the specific embodiment of the invention
8407 it contains nonvolatile components 49-50%, and has a pH value ofIs 7-9.
The pH adjuster is an organic amine, and examples thereof include N-octadecylpropylenediamine, N-cyclohexylpropylenediamine, trimethylamine, and AMP-95 (2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol). Preferred for this embodiment of the invention is DOW Dow AMP-95 with a neutralization equivalent of 93-97 and a pH of 6.7.
The defoaming agent is a mixture of foam-breaking polysiloxane and hydrophobic particles in polyethylene glycol. BYK-024 from BYK is preferred for specific embodiments of the present invention.
The dispersant is a polyacrylate copolymer, and the preferred embodiment of the invention is TEGO755W from Digao corporation, pH about 6.5, active ingredient 40%.
The particle size of the fumed silica is 0.002-0.1 μm, and the preferred embodiment of the invention is A200, the particle size is 12 nm.
The cellulose ether is hydroxypropyl or hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, preferably, the cellulose ether is Kahlan 250LR, 5% aqueous solution, mPa.s (cps) of 75-150; the pH value (1% water solution) is 6.0-8.5, and the length is 50-100 μm.
The water-based thickener is hydrophobic modified water-based polyurethane or acrylate thickener. In the specific embodiment of the invention, Wanhua U604 is preferably selected, the appearance is transparent to light opalescent liquid, the solid content is 24-26%, and the pH value is 6-7. The acrylate thickener is preferably DOPASE-60 in the specific embodiment of the invention, has a solid content of 28% and a pH value of 3.5.
The special effect pigment is one or more of powder or slurry with color effect or special functionality, the fineness of which is within 1mm, such as noctilucent powder, pearlescent effect pigment, water-based ink, rubber particles, recycled fibers and the like. The specific embodiment of the pearlescent pigment selects KC9805D of Fujian Kuncun science and technology Limited and has the particle size of 10-60 nm.
The curing agent is water-based isocyanate, aziridine or carbodiimide curing agent, and in the specific embodiment of the invention, Wanhua 270 is selected, the appearance is colorless to light yellow liquid, and the NCO content is 20-22%.
The test method related by the invention is as follows:
the wear resistance test of the multilayer 3D effect coating fabric is carried out according to a dry and wet rubbing resistance method of GB/T3903.16-2008 'wear resistance test method for upper, lining and inner pad of shoes'.
The tensile property test of the multilayer 3D effect coating fabric is carried out according to a tensile test method of a fabric adhesive coating of ASTM D751-2006 Standard test method for coated fabrics.
The bending resistance test equipment is carried out on a GT-7071-B instrument of a high-speed rail detection instrument (Dongguan) Co., Ltd, the cutting sizes of the A direction are 3.7cm multiplied by 6.7cm, the B direction is 3.7cm multiplied by 6.7cm, at least 1 piece is respectively carried out, and the sample is arranged on a clamp for testing.
The high-rheology slurry with special effect provided by the invention is prepared by the following preparation method, and the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
adding water-based PU or water-based modified PU resin, a pH regulator, a dispersant, fumed silica and cellulose ether into a container according to the mass percentages of the materials listed in the table 1, stirring at a high speed of 1500r/min in a high-speed dispersion machine, reducing the rotating speed to 1000r/min after stirring uniformly, and continuously adding the special effect pigment, the water-based thickener and the curing agent for uniform dispersion;
in the steps, the dosage of the aqueous thickening agent is controlled, the viscosity is regulated to 180000-200000cps (the regulation rotating speed is 7.5rpm), 25700-36400cps (the regulation rotating speed is 75rpm), and the thixotropy of the high-rheology slurry with special effect is controlled to be 5.5-7.0;
according to different actual requirements, the high rheological slurry with the special effect is prepared repeatedly, and the high rheological pigments with various special effects can be prepared, such as the first special-effect high rheological slurry, the second special-effect high rheological slurry, the third special-effect high rheological slurry and the fourth special-effect high rheological slurry.
The manufacturing process of the multilayer 3D effect coating fabric provided by the invention comprises the following specific steps:
1) pre-shrinking the base cloth at the temperature of 155-160 ℃, cooling and then spreading the base cloth on the surface of the base cloth;
2) firstly, printing a first special-effect high-rheological slurry on a base cloth by using a first stencil with the hollowed part of the stencil having the hollowed thickness of Amm, and then drying at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 4-6min to obtain a first coating;
the drying temperature is controlled to be 30-35 ℃, because the surface of the slurry is dried too slowly when the temperature is lower than 30 ℃, the next construction is not facilitated, and when the temperature is higher than 35 ℃, the surface of the slurry is dried too fast, the shrinkage probability of a coating is increased, and the next construction effect is influenced; the drying time is 4-6min, because the drying time is less than 4min, the slurry can not be surface-dried and can not be subjected to the next construction, and when the drying time is more than 6min, the drying time is too long, the edge of the coating can shrink, and the next construction is not facilitated;
3) after the surface of the first coating obtained by stamping in the step 2) is dried, printing second special-effect high-rheological slurry by using a second stamping plate with the thickness of B mm, and then drying at the drying temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 4-6min to obtain a second coating; the reason of the drying temperature and the drying time is the same as that of the step 2);
4) after the surface of the second coating is dried, printing third special-effect high-rheological slurry by using a third die plate with the thickness of C mm, and then drying at the drying temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 4-6min to obtain a third coating; the reason of the drying temperature and the drying time is the same as that of the step 2);
5) after the third coating is dried, printing fourth special-effect high-rheological slurry by using a fourth die printing plate with the thickness of D mm, and then drying at the drying temperature of 30-35 ℃ for more than 1 h; and then drying at normal temperature (25 ℃) for 7 days or transferring to an environment of 40-70 ℃ for continuous curing for 48-72 hours to obtain the multilayer 3D effect coating fabric (four layers) shown in figure 4.
The first to fourth die plates are overprints with the same printing positions but different thicknesses, and are respectively the first die plate with the thickness of Amm; a second stencil having a thickness of B mm; a third stencil having a thickness of C mm; a fourth stencil having a thickness of D mm; wherein A < B < C < D; only two, three or four of them may be used to form a two, three or four coated face fabric of the multi-layer 3D effect coating, as the case may be.
The drying temperature is 30-35 ℃, and the drying time is more than 1 h; when the temperature is lower than 30 ℃, the drying time is too long, and the efficiency is influenced; temperatures above 35 ℃ can cause surface drying too quickly, causing surface defects such as wrinkles, sink marks, and the like; when the transfer time is less than 1h, the defects of orange peel, wavy lines, collapse and the like on the surface of the coating can occur.
Wherein the temperature after transfer is room temperature or 40-70 ℃, and the inner layer structure of the coating can be influenced when the temperature is over 70 ℃, so that the performance is influenced, and the reject ratio is increased.
When the drying time is less than 7 days at room temperature, the risk of incomplete drying exists inside the sample, and the pressure resistance, hydrolysis resistance and other performances of the final sample are influenced; when the drying time is less than 48 hours at the temperature of 40-70 ℃, incomplete drying can occur, and the performances of pressure resistance, hydrolysis resistance and the like are influenced.
The present invention shows representative embodiments according to the above method, and the components and their contents of the slurries in examples 1 to 4 are shown in table 1. It should be noted that the examples given in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical idea of the present invention. The high-rheological property slurry obtained by replacing similar components according to the technical idea provided by the invention belongs to the technical scheme to be protected by the invention.
Table 1 ingredients and contents thereof contained in slurries of examples 1 to 4
According to the method for manufacturing the multilayer 3D effect coated fabric, the present invention shows a representative specific implementation manner, and the thickness of each stencil, the drying process conditions and the performance test results used in cooperation with the preparation of the multilayer 3D effect coated fabric by using the slurry provided in examples 1 to 4 are shown in table 2 in examples 5 to 8, so as to obtain the multilayer 3D effect coated fabric containing 2 to 4 layers as shown in fig. 1 to 4.
Table 2 results of testing screen thickness, drying time and performance in examples 5 to 8
As can be seen from the test results in table 2, the friction tests of the coated abrasive paper of the coated fabric with the multilayer 3D effect obtained in the embodiment of the present invention are all greater than 35 times, the dry wiping tests of the fabric are all greater than 25000 times, and the wet wiping tests of the fabric are all greater than 12000 times, so that the requirements of the abrasion resistance of the upper surface, the lining and the inner pad of GB/T3903.16-2008 "abrasion resistance of methods for testing shoe upper surface, lining and inner pad" are met, the flexing resistance test reaches 100000 times, and the tensile force test (adhesion force) is all greater than 2.5 kg/cm.
The multilayer 3D effect coating fabric provided by the invention is applied to the fields of clothing, shoes, bags, sofas, car interior decorations, furniture soft clothing and the like, and the fabric selection in the fields can be greatly enriched.
It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described herein, the invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, based on the innovative concepts of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields by making changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein, or by using equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed in the content of the present specification and the attached drawings, which are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A manufacturing process of a multilayer 3D effect coating fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a substrate, base cloth, a template plate with a hollow part, a scraper and paint;
s2, placing the base cloth on the substrate;
s3, placing the stamping plate on the base cloth;
s4, filling the coating into the hollow part of the mould plate;
s5, scraping off the excessive paint which does not enter the hollow part of the stencil by the scraper;
s6, curing and shrinking;
s7, repeating the steps S3 to S6 for one to four times to obtain the multilayer 3D effect coating fabric, wherein the hollowed-out thickness of the hollowed-out part of the die plate is 0.5-5.0 mm.
2. The manufacturing process of claim 1, wherein in the step S7, the thickness of the hollow portion of the stencil sheet selected in the next operation of the step S3 is greater than the thickness of the hollow portion of the stencil sheet selected in the previous operation of the step S3.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein in step S6, the curing shrinkage temperature is 30-35 ℃ except for the last repetition of steps S3-S6.
4. The manufacturing process of claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the curing shrinkage time is 4-6min except for the last repetition of steps S3-S6.
5. The manufacturing process of claim 3, wherein when the steps S3-S6 are repeated for the last time, in the step S6, the curing shrinkage temperature is 25-70 ℃ and the curing shrinkage time is 48-168 h.
6. The manufacturing process of claim 1, wherein the coating comprises:
76-91% of waterborne PU or waterborne PU modified resin;
0.1 to 0.2 percent of pH regulator;
0.2 to 0.5 percent of defoaming agent;
0.5 to 2 percent of dispersant;
1-3% of fumed silica;
0.5-1.0% of cellulose ether;
0.6 to 2 percent of water-based thickening agent;
3-5% of a curing agent;
the waterborne PU or the waterborne PU modified resin is an aliphatic polyester type polyurethane waterborne dispersion, the pH regulator is an organic amine, the defoaming agent is a mixture of foam-breaking polysiloxane and hydrophobic particles in polyethylene glycol, the dispersing agent is a polyacrylate copolymer, the cellulose ether is hydroxypropyl or hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, the waterborne thickener is hydrophobic modified waterborne polyurethane or an acrylate thickener, and the curing agent is a waterborne isocyanate, aziridine or carbodiimide curing agent.
7. The process according to claim 6, wherein the fumed silica has a particle size of 0.002 to 0.1 μm.
8. The process of claim 6, wherein the coating further comprises 3-10% pigment.
9. The multilayer 3D effect coated fabric is characterized by being prepared by the manufacturing process of any one of claims 1 to 8, the cross section of the multilayer on the multilayer 3D effect coated fabric is arched, rectangular and/or trapezoidal, and the thickness of the multilayer on the multilayer 3D effect coated fabric is 0.5-5 mm.
10. Application of the multilayer 3D effect coating fabric prepared by the manufacturing process of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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