CN114178794A - Manufacturing method of thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN114178794A CN114178794A CN202111537628.1A CN202111537628A CN114178794A CN 114178794 A CN114178794 A CN 114178794A CN 202111537628 A CN202111537628 A CN 202111537628A CN 114178794 A CN114178794 A CN 114178794A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 206010040954 Skin wrinkling Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001275 Niobium-titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- RJSRQTFBFAJJIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Nb] RJSRQTFBFAJJIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
Abstract
The application discloses a manufacturing method of a thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity, which is characterized in that a niobium circular plate with the diameter of 275mm and the thickness of 1mm is adopted for carrying out three-time stamping manufacturing, so that the heat conduction effect can be improved, the flowing distance of a plate material is reduced, and the risk of wrinkling and tearing of the plate material in the stamping process is reduced. Three sealing grooves are processed on the flange, and the niobium pipe is formed by rolling, welding and processing a niobium plate with the thickness of 1 mm. Heating the flange to 80 ℃, cooling the niobium pipe to 70 ℃ below zero, preserving heat for 30 minutes, assembling, heating to 1060 ℃ in a vacuum environment after assembling, welding and connecting the flange and the niobium pipe, embedding anaerobic copper wires in three sealing grooves on the flange to ensure seamless matching of the flange and the niobium pipe to form a capillary phenomenon, filling the anaerobic copper into a gap between the flange and the niobium pipe, completing welding, cooling to room temperature, taking out, and cleaning without oil to prepare the thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity. Further effectively reducing the risk of low-temperature quench and improving the heat conduction performance of the radio frequency superconducting cavity.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of radio frequency superconducting cavity processing and manufacturing, in particular to a manufacturing method of a thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity.
Background
The radio frequency superconducting cavity is an important part of the particle superconducting accelerator, the manufacturing process is complex, the low-temperature operation condition is high, and the superconducting transition temperature of the niobium material is 9.28K, so the particle accelerator is made of the niobium material and needs to operate in a liquid helium environment. The main factors limiting the acceleration gradient of the radio frequency superconducting cavity are thermal quench and field emission, the thermal quench mainly comes from defects in a superconductor, under the radio frequency condition, radio frequency current can pass through the defects and generate joule heat, when the temperature of the edge of the defect exceeds the superconducting transition temperature, the superconducting area of the edge of the defect is converted into a non-superconducting area, and if the accumulated joule heat cannot be timely transmitted to the superconducting helium through the wall of the radio frequency superconducting cavity, the thermal instability of the radio frequency superconducting cavity is finally caused.
The general manufacturing method of the radio frequency superconducting cavity is completed by adopting a phi 265 multiplied by 2.8mm niobium circular plate through one-step punch forming and machining, and the niobium circular plate is clamped on a chuck of a numerical control lathe by a tool clamp, and two ends of a part are respectively turned to reach the drawing size. The flange is made of niobium-titanium alloy bars, the niobium pipe is made of bars with the thickness of 2.8mm, and the workpiece is welded by an electron beam method to complete the manufacture of the radio frequency superconducting cavity. However, the radio frequency superconducting cavity manufactured by the existing method has low heat conduction performance and large risk of low-temperature quench.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a manufacturing method of a thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity, and solves the problems that the traditional manufacturing method of the radio frequency superconducting cavity in the prior art is low in heat conduction performance and high in low-temperature quench risk.
In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides a method for manufacturing a thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity, which comprises the following steps:
blanking a niobium round plate with the diameter of 275mm and the thickness of 1mm, selecting a defect-free surface to face upwards after naked eye observation in an annealed state, coating lubricating oil on two surfaces of the niobium round plate, putting the niobium round plate into a stamping die, installing a lower pressing plate at the bottom of the stamping die, and installing an upper pressing plate on the niobium round plate, wherein the stamping die comprises a convex film positioned on the niobium round plate and a concave film positioned below the niobium round plate;
pressing the niobium circular plate to a set pressure of 20 tons by using a 50-ton press, maintaining the pressure for 1 minute to enable the outer edge of the niobium circular plate to deform and the outer edge of the niobium circular plate to be free of wrinkles, and then demoulding;
after the convex membrane is replaced, pressing down to the set pressure of 20 tons by using a 50-ton press again, and keeping the pressure for 1 minute so as to deform the middle of the niobium circular plate and remove the die after no wrinkles exist in the middle;
after the niobium circular plate is turned over by 180 degrees, a through hole with the diameter of 50mm is formed in the bottom of the niobium circular plate, a convex film is replaced, the niobium circular plate is pressed to 70 tons of set pressure by adopting an 80-ton press, and then pressure is maintained for 1 minute to deform the bottom of the niobium circular plate, so that the hole flanging purpose is achieved, and the die is removed to form a half-bowl part with a hole in the bottom;
placing the half-bowl part into a machining tool, aligning the half-bowl part by using a dial indicator clamped on a chuck of a numerical control lathe, ensuring that the radial run-out is less than 0.1mm, and respectively turning two ends of the half-bowl part to meet the requirement of drawing size;
processing a flange according to a drawing, and arranging three sealing grooves on the flange; rolling a niobium plate with the thickness of 1mm to prepare a niobium pipe;
adopting a vacuum electron beam welding mode to butt-weld equators of the two half-bowl parts, and welding the niobium tubes at through holes at the bottoms of the two half-bowl parts;
heating the flange to 80 ℃, cooling the niobium pipe to 70 ℃ below zero, preserving heat for 30 minutes, assembling the flange and the niobium pipe, heating to 1060 ℃ in a vacuum environment after assembling, melting and filling oxygen-free copper wires into gaps between three sealing grooves on the flange and the niobium pipe to complete welding between the niobium pipe and the flange, and taking out after cooling to room temperature to form an initial thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity;
and processing the initial thin-wall radio-frequency superconducting cavity to the size of a drawing, and performing oil-free cleaning on the initial thin-wall radio-frequency superconducting cavity to manufacture the thin-wall radio-frequency superconducting cavity.
Preferably, the flange is processed according to the drawing by adopting stainless steel with the thickness of 18mm according to the drawing.
Preferably, the welding mode between the niobium pipe and the flange is brazing welding.
Compared with the prior art, the manufacturing method of the thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity, which is provided by the application, adopts the niobium circular plate with the diameter of 275mm and the thickness of 1mm to perform three-time stamping manufacturing, can improve the heat conduction effect, reduce the sheet material flowing distance, and reduce the risk of wrinkling and tearing of the sheet material in the stamping process. And processing three sealing grooves on the connecting flange. The niobium pipe is formed by rolling, welding and processing a niobium plate with the thickness of 1 mm. The flange and the niobium pipe are connected in a welding mode, the welding flux is made of diameter oxygen-free copper wires, the oxygen-free copper wires are embedded into three sealing grooves in the flange, the flange and the niobium pipe are required to be in seamless fit, the flange is heated to 80 ℃, the niobium pipe is cooled to 70 ℃ below zero, the assembly is carried out after heat preservation is carried out for 30 minutes, after the assembly is completed, the flange and the niobium pipe are heated to 1060 ℃ in a vacuum environment, the oxygen-free copper wires are melted, due to the fact that gaps are small, a capillary phenomenon is formed, the oxygen-free copper is filled into gaps between the flange and the niobium pipe, welding is completed, and after the flange and the niobium pipe are cooled to room temperature and taken out, the flange and the niobium pipe can be manufactured into the thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity through oil-free cleaning. And further, the risk of low-temperature quench can be effectively reduced, and the heat conduction performance of the radio frequency superconducting cavity is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments are briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without making any inventive changes.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a thin-wall rf superconducting cavity processing tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of a thin-walled rf superconducting cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a welding of a flange and a niobium pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The core of the application is to provide a manufacturing method of a thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity, which can solve the problems of low heat conduction performance and high low-temperature quench risk of the traditional radio frequency superconducting cavity manufacturing method in the prior art.
A method for manufacturing a thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity comprises the following steps:
s1: blanking a niobium round plate with the diameter of 275mm and the thickness of 1mm, selecting a defect-free face to face upwards after naked eye observation in an annealed state, coating lubricating oil on two sides of the niobium round plate, putting the niobium round plate into a stamping die, installing a lower pressing plate at the bottom of the stamping die, and installing an upper pressing plate on the niobium round plate, wherein the stamping die comprises a convex film positioned on the niobium round plate and a concave film positioned below the niobium round plate.
Specifically, a niobium round plate with the diameter of 275mm and the thickness of 1mm is selected, after annealing state treatment, the niobium round plate is observed by naked eyes and is selected to be free of defects to face upwards, lubricating oil is smeared on the upper surface and the lower surface of the niobium round plate, then the niobium round plate is placed in a stamping die in a non-defect face-up mode, specifically, the niobium round plate is placed between a convex film and a concave film, an upper pressing plate is placed on the convex film, and a lower pressing plate is placed at the bottom of the concave film.
S2: and (4) pressing the niobium round plate to the set pressure by using a 50-ton press for 20 tons, maintaining the pressure for 1 minute to deform the outer edge of the niobium round plate and remove the die after the outer edge is not wrinkled.
And (3) performing pressing operation by adopting 20 tons of pressure in the first stamping, and finally, removing the die after the outer edge of the niobium round plate is deformed and the outer edge is not wrinkled.
S3: and (4) after replacing the convex film, pressing the niobium round plate to the set pressure by using a 50-ton press again for 20 tons, keeping the pressure for 1 minute so as to enable the middle of the niobium round plate to deform and the middle of the niobium round plate to be free from wrinkles, and then withdrawing the die.
In the second punching, the concave film in S2 needs to be replaced, and then the pressing operation is performed with a pressure of 20 tons, so that the niobium disk is finally deformed in the middle and is removed from the die without wrinkles in the middle.
S4: and after the niobium circular plate is turned over by 180 degrees, a through hole with the diameter of 50mm is formed in the bottom of the niobium circular plate, the convex film is replaced, an 80-ton press is adopted to press the niobium circular plate to a set pressure of 70 tons and then the pressure is maintained for 1 minute so as to deform the bottom of the niobium circular plate, the hole flanging purpose is achieved, and the die is withdrawn to form a half bowl part with a hole in the bottom.
And during the third punching, the niobium round plate needs to be turned over, a through hole is formed in the bottom of the niobium round plate, then the convex film in the step S3 needs to be replaced again, the pressing operation is carried out under the pressure of 70 tons, finally the bottom of the niobium round plate is deformed to achieve the purpose of hole flanging, the die is removed after folding, and after the third punching, the initial niobium round plate can be made into a half bowl part with a hole in the bottom.
S5: and placing the half-bowl part into a machining tool, aligning by using a dial indicator clamped on a chuck of a numerical control lathe, ensuring that the radial runout is less than 0.1mm, and respectively turning two ends of the half-bowl part to meet the drawing size requirement.
S6: processing a flange according to a drawing, and arranging three sealing grooves on the flange; and rolling a niobium plate with the thickness of 1mm to manufacture the niobium pipe. Preferably, the flange is processed according to the drawing by adopting stainless steel with the thickness of 18 mm.
S7: butt welding the large openings of the two half-bowl parts by adopting a vacuum electron beam welding mode, and welding niobium tubes at the through holes at the bottoms of the two half-bowl parts;
s8: heating a flange to 80 ℃, cooling a niobium pipe to 70 ℃ below zero, preserving heat for 30 minutes, assembling the flange and the niobium pipe, heating to 1060 ℃ in a vacuum environment after assembly, melting and filling oxygen-free copper wires into gaps between three sealing grooves on the flange and the niobium pipe to complete welding between the niobium pipe and the flange, cooling to room temperature, and taking out to form an initial thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity; preferably, the welding mode between the niobium pipe and the flange is brazing welding. The diameter of the oxygen-free copper wire is 1 mm.
S9: and processing the initial thin-wall radio-frequency superconducting cavity to the size of a drawing, and performing oil-free cleaning on the initial thin-wall radio-frequency superconducting cavity to manufacture the thin-wall radio-frequency superconducting cavity.
Fig. 1 is a drawing of a thin-wall rf superconducting cavity processing tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a drawing of a finished thin-wall rf superconducting cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a flange and a niobium pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 4.
In the figure, 1 denotes an upper platen, 2 denotes a convex film, 3 denotes a half bowl part, 4 denotes a concave film, 5 denotes a lower platen, 6 denotes a niobium pipe, 7 denotes a flange, 8 denotes an oxygen-free copper wire, and 9 denotes a seal groove.
According to the manufacturing method of the thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity, the niobium circular plate with the diameter of 275mm and the thickness of 1mm is used for three-time stamping manufacturing, the heat conduction effect can be improved, the plate material flowing distance is reduced, and the risk that the plate material is folded and torn in the stamping process is reduced. And processing three sealing grooves on the connecting flange. The niobium pipe is formed by rolling, welding and processing a niobium plate with the thickness of 1 mm. The flange and the niobium pipe are connected in a welding mode, the welding flux is made of diameter oxygen-free copper wires, the oxygen-free copper wires are embedded into three sealing grooves in the flange, the flange and the niobium pipe are required to be in seamless fit, the flange is heated to 80 ℃, the niobium pipe is cooled to 70 ℃ below zero, the assembly is carried out after heat preservation is carried out for 30 minutes, after the assembly is completed, the flange and the niobium pipe are heated to 1060 ℃ in a vacuum environment, the oxygen-free copper wires are melted, due to the fact that gaps are small, a capillary phenomenon is formed, the oxygen-free copper is filled into gaps between the flange and the niobium pipe, welding is completed, and after the flange and the niobium pipe are cooled to room temperature and taken out, the flange and the niobium pipe can be manufactured into the thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity through oil-free cleaning. And further, the risk of low-temperature quench can be effectively reduced, and the heat conduction performance of the radio frequency superconducting cavity is improved.
Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The above-described embodiments of the present application do not limit the scope of the present application.
Claims (3)
1. A method of manufacturing a thin-walled radio frequency superconducting cavity, comprising:
blanking a niobium round plate with the diameter of 275mm and the thickness of 1mm, selecting a defect-free surface to face upwards after naked eye observation in an annealed state, coating lubricating oil on two surfaces of the niobium round plate, putting the niobium round plate into a stamping die, installing a lower pressing plate at the bottom of the stamping die, and installing an upper pressing plate on the niobium round plate, wherein the stamping die comprises a convex film positioned on the niobium round plate and a concave film positioned below the niobium round plate;
pressing the niobium circular plate to a set pressure of 20 tons by using a 50-ton press, maintaining the pressure for 1 minute to enable the outer edge of the niobium circular plate to deform and the outer edge of the niobium circular plate to be free of wrinkles, and then demoulding;
after the convex membrane is replaced, pressing down to the set pressure of 20 tons by using a 50-ton press again, and keeping the pressure for 1 minute so as to deform the middle of the niobium circular plate and remove the die after no wrinkles exist in the middle;
after the niobium circular plate is turned over by 180 degrees, a through hole with the diameter of 50mm is formed in the bottom of the niobium circular plate, a convex film is replaced, the niobium circular plate is pressed to 70 tons of set pressure by adopting an 80-ton press, and then pressure is maintained for 1 minute to deform the bottom of the niobium circular plate, so that the hole flanging purpose is achieved, and the die is removed to form a half-bowl part with a hole in the bottom;
placing the half-bowl part into a machining tool, aligning the half-bowl part by using a dial indicator clamped on a chuck of a numerical control lathe, ensuring that the radial run-out is less than 0.1mm, and respectively turning two ends of the half-bowl part to meet the requirement of drawing size;
processing a flange according to a drawing, and arranging three sealing grooves on the flange; rolling a niobium plate with the thickness of 1mm to prepare a niobium pipe;
adopting a vacuum electron beam welding mode to butt-weld equators of the two half-bowl parts, and welding the niobium tubes at through holes at the bottoms of the two half-bowl parts;
heating the flange to 80 ℃, cooling the niobium pipe to 70 ℃ below zero, preserving heat for 30 minutes, assembling the flange and the niobium pipe, heating to 1060 ℃ in a vacuum environment after assembling, melting and filling oxygen-free copper wires into gaps between three sealing grooves on the flange and the niobium pipe to complete welding between the niobium pipe and the flange, and taking out after cooling to room temperature to form an initial thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity;
and processing the initial thin-wall radio-frequency superconducting cavity to the size of a drawing, and performing oil-free cleaning on the initial thin-wall radio-frequency superconducting cavity to manufacture the thin-wall radio-frequency superconducting cavity.
2. The method for manufacturing the thin-walled radio frequency superconducting cavity according to claim 1, wherein the flange is manufactured according to the drawing by using stainless steel with the thickness of 18 mm.
3. The method for manufacturing the thin-wall radio frequency superconducting cavity according to claim 1, wherein the welding mode between the niobium pipe and the flange is brazing welding.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114952196A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-30 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Method for improving mechanical stability of superconducting cavity |
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| CN110288092A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-09-27 | 北京大学 | A kind of the long-life storage device and its storage method of superconductive quantum bit |
| CN109986160A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-09 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | A kind of manufacturing method of High-purity Niobium pipe-stainless steel tube vacuum brazing |
| CN113385895A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-09-14 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | High-stability niobium-based superconducting accelerating cavity and preparation method thereof |
| CN112756460A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-05-07 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Superconducting cavity manufacturing method |
| CN113373483A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-10 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Preparation method of copper-based thick-wall niobium-based superconducting cavity |
| CN113385894A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-14 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Radio frequency superconducting resonant cavity based on high-thermal-conductivity material and high-radio-frequency-performance superconducting material composite board and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114952196A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-30 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Method for improving mechanical stability of superconducting cavity |
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