CN114178694A - Preparation method of collector plate of hydrogen fuel cell, collector plate, preparation equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

Preparation method of collector plate of hydrogen fuel cell, collector plate, preparation equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114178694A
CN114178694A CN202210028669.6A CN202210028669A CN114178694A CN 114178694 A CN114178694 A CN 114178694A CN 202210028669 A CN202210028669 A CN 202210028669A CN 114178694 A CN114178694 A CN 114178694A
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Prior art keywords
plate
welding
fuel cell
hydrogen fuel
laser
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Inventor
龙俊耀
简运祺
柏孝岑
谭浩
王翘
韩金龙
牛增强
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United Winners Laser Co Ltd
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United Winners Laser Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20Bonding
    • B23K26/21Bonding by welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B23K26/702Auxiliary equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a collector plate of a hydrogen fuel cell, the collector plate, preparation equipment and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of cells. And welding the upper plate through an MOPA laser to weld the upper plate and the lower plate together to obtain the prepared collector plate. The performance of the battery is improved.

Description

Preparation method of collector plate of hydrogen fuel cell, collector plate, preparation equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrogen energy battery production, in particular to a preparation method of a collector plate of a hydrogen fuel battery, the collector plate, preparation equipment and a storage medium.
Background
In the field of hydrogen energy fuel cells, a collector plate is an important component of a galvanic pile, and welding of the collector plate is an essential process and is used as a power generation device for directly converting chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electric energy. The basic principle is that hydrogen and oxygen are respectively supplied to an anode and a cathode by the reverse reaction of electrolytic water, and after the hydrogen diffuses outwards through the anode and reacts with an electrolyte, electrons are emitted to the cathode through an external load, and finally, the power is provided for an automobile. The QCW laser is adopted to weld most of the current welding schemes, the laser wave band is 1030 nm-1090 nm, the QCW laser adopts a Q-switch quenching and tempering technology, pulse waveforms are unmodulatable, the pulse width is fixed to be 100ns, the peak power is low and unmodulatable, the pulse frequency is adjusted between 20-80khz, the rising time of the first pulse is slow and unmodulatable, and the like, so that the energy efficiency of welding by adopting the QCW laser is low, the welding heat deformation is large, insufficient cold welding and strength are easily caused by slight change of defocusing amount, welding exposure and welding efficiency are low. The welding is completed, an air tightness test is carried out, and the mutual circulation of all the areas is found, the parts are scrapped due to welding leakage and other conditions, financial resources, manpower and material resources are wasted, and finally the production cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to realize more blue light semiconductor single-tube beam combination, compress the width of a combined beam spectral line, improve the overall output power, improve the utilization efficiency of a grating and obtain a multi-blue light semiconductor laser single-tube spectrum beam combination light source with high power and high beam quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: and welding the upper plate through an MOPA laser to weld the upper plate and the lower plate together to obtain the prepared collector plate, wherein the upper plate is a cathode and the lower plate is an anode.
Optionally, the method includes:
outputting laser to a vibrating mirror through the MOPA laser;
the vibrating mirror swings to generate a swinging light beam, and the swinging light beam passes through the vibrating mirror and reaches the surface of the upper plate through the field lens, so that the upper plate penetrates through the lower plate to form a key hole after reaching a melting point;
and (3) moving along with the swinging and light beam, melting the material in the front of the moving direction, cooling and solidifying the molten pool at the rear, finally forming a complete welding line, and welding the upper plate and the lower plate together to obtain the prepared collector plate.
Optionally, the method includes:
outputting laser to a vibrating mirror through the MOPA laser;
the galvanometer does not swing to generate a constant-width light beam, and the constant-width light beam passes through the galvanometer and then reaches the surface of the upper plate through the field lens, so that the upper plate penetrates through the lower plate to form a key hole after reaching a melting point;
along with the movement of the constant-width light beam, the material in the front of the moving direction starts to melt, the molten pool at the rear starts to cool and solidify, and finally a complete welding line is formed, so that the upper plate and the lower plate are welded together, and the prepared collector plate is obtained.
Optionally, the width or depth of the weld is adjusted according to the contact area of the upper plate and the lower plate.
Optionally, the method includes:
receiving information of an upper plate and a lower plate to be welded, the information including a shape, a size, and an area of contact;
comparing the information with preset parameters, and judging whether the information is greater than the preset parameters;
if yes, the galvanometer swings; if not, the galvanometer does not swing.
Because the welding mode that possesses mirror that shakes light-emitting and mirror that shakes swing compatible, welding process is stable under the dual mode, is difficult for appearing the rosin joint problem, and the welding outward appearance is bright, and the welding seam width is adjustable, improves upper plate and hypoplastron welding area of contact, guarantees the ability of overflowing of welding seam, has improved hydrogen fuel electric motor car fuel cell's product property ability by a wide margin.
Optionally, the motion axis drives the laser emitting end of the MOPA laser to move to form a welding track.
The motion shaft drives the MOPA laser emitting system to move from the starting point of the welding track to the end point of the welding track.
Optionally, the motion shaft adopts a marble base. The stability of the motion process is ensured.
Optionally, the linear motor is adopted for driving, the moving speed is more than or equal to 300mm/s and more than or equal to 200mm/s, and the laser emitting end is mechanically fixed on the moving shaft through the adapter plate.
Optionally, the laser performs swing or non-swing welding on the upper plate and the lower plate according to a preset track.
After the step of applying laser light to the surface of the liquid molten pool by the laser device, the method further comprises the following steps: and controlling a swing system in the laser emitting system to enable the laser to perform swing welding according to a preset track.
And controlling a swing module in the laser emitting system to swing through control software, so that the laser swings according to a preset track. The laser starts to be triggered out at the laser, meanwhile, the swing control software starts to swing the laser, the laser is transmitted and focused to a liquid molten pool formed on the surface of the collector plate through the optical fiber and the optical component, the laser swings according to a preset track, the liquid molten pool absorbs the laser to form a keyhole to increase the penetration depth, the swing software controls the light beam to swing to increase the width of a welding seam, the width of the welding seam can be effectively increased, and the overcurrent capacity of the collector plate is improved.
Optionally, the galvanometer welding head module is included, the galvanometer welding head module includes a plurality of motors and a plurality of reflection lenses, and each motor drives the corresponding reflection lens to rotate.
2 motors in the galvanometer welding head module respectively drive 2 reflecting mirrors to rotate, so that the laser beam can swing in a preset track in a field mirror breadth.
Optionally, the upper plate and the lower plate are tightly attached by a welding jig.
The cathode and the anode of the collector plate are tightly attached through the welding fixture, so that the welding effect can be ensured, and the welding strength is increased.
Optionally, the welding jig includes a pressing device, a bottom support plate, and a positioning pin.
The welding fixture comprises a pressing device, a bottom supporting device and a positioning pin; the step of the collector plate cathode and anode tightly attaching through the welding fixture comprises: mounting a positioning pin on a bottom supporting plate, mounting the anode plate in the positioning pin, attaching the bottom of the positioning pin to a lower supporting plate, mounting the cathode plate on the anode plate, and enabling the cathode plate to face upwards; and pressing down the pressing device with the pressing head in sequence, and driving the pressing device to maintain pressure through the air cylinder so that the upper flow collecting plate and the lower flow collecting plate are tightly attached to each other at the upper side and the lower side.
Optionally, the MOPA laser output type is QBH, and the power is 500 watts.
Optionally, the weaving welding pattern includes a circle, a sine line, a straight line, and ∞.
Optionally, the amplitude of the laser wobble is adjustable.
The oscillating mirror system is selected through software and controlled through a control card, the oscillating speed and the oscillating size can be adjusted through a software control interface, and the oscillating mirror system comprises a motor and a reflecting mirror.
Optionally, the power of the laser of the MOPA laser is less than or equal to 500 w.
Optionally, the MOPA laser adopts a QBH interface form and a galvanometer welding system for transmission.
Optionally, the wavelength of the fiber laser is 1030nm to 1090 nm.
Optionally, the thickness of the current collecting plate is 0.05-0.5 mm.
Optionally, the welding strength between the upper plate and the lower plate is more than or equal to 600 MPa.
Optionally, the collector plate is made of stainless steel, titanium alloy, composite metal and aluminum alloy.
A method of making a hydrogen fuel cell current collector plate, comprising:
step S1, the movement mechanism mounting: mounting a platform motion mechanism on a marble platform;
step S2, jig mounting: mounting the designed and processed clamp on a moving mechanism on a fixed marble platform, and checking whether each mechanism is mounted and moves normally;
step S3, material confirmation: the alloy element analysis instrument is used for confirming the materials, stainless steel 316 is adopted for welding in the embodiment, the thickness of the upper flow collecting plate is 0.05mm, the thickness of the lower flow collecting plate is 0.15mm, and the lower flow collecting plate is required not to be welded through;
step S4, mounting parts; the upper plate and the lower plate of the hydrogen fuel cell are arranged on the clamp in a positioning pin mode;
step S5, defining a laser welding process window: the welding process window is found out by performing experiments on the same material, and the upper process window is defined as follows because the lower flow collecting plate is not welded through according to the actual requirement: the lower current collecting plate is about to weld through process parameters, and the lower process window is as follows: the technological parameters of the lower current collecting plate just welded;
step S6, setting process parameters: welding process parameters can be set through a large amount of experimental data accumulation analysis and experience accumulation analysis: the focus is 0, the platform moves 300mm/s, the swing speed is 800mm/s, the swing mode is a circle, the diameter is 0.2mm, and a welding process window is searched by changing the power;
the lower window process comprises the following steps: the power is 150W, the welding penetration is 15.21um, namely the upper plate and the lower plate are just welded, and the upper process window is as follows: the power is 280W, and the weld penetration is 127.09 um.
Step S7, selecting appropriate process parameters: determining the optimal fusion depth according to a process window, selecting proper power according to the fusion depth, selecting the fusion depth of the lower flow collecting plate as the thickness of a lower plate from 1/2 to 2/3, namely the fusion depth is an ideal value of the fusion depth, namely the power can be between 220 and 250W, the fusion depth can be 72.91 to 99.45um, and the power is 240W and the fusion depth is 90.41um as a support welding process parameter according to tolerance accumulation caused by a series of unstable factors such as clamping and the like after actual analysis;
s8, confirming the welding focal plane: the focus finding method comprises the following steps: firstly, coarsely adjusting and then finely adjusting to find a focal plane;
the laser is basically in a symmetrical state in spot size/power density of positive defocusing and negative defocusing, so that a Z-axis coordinate of the critical power density of the positive defocusing and the negative defocusing is only needed to be found under certain power, and the middle value is taken as a Z-axis coordinate of a focus;
step S9, adjusting CCD clear imaging: after the optical fiber focal plane is corrected, whether the CCD image is clear or not needs to be checked when the optical fiber focal plane is positioned, if the image is fuzzy, the CCD definition needs to be corrected to correct the spot welding after dotting, the cross line is adjusted to be positioned at the center position of the spot welding as shown in the figure, then the light emitting judgment is carried out again after the cross line is away from the original position, and if the cross line is still positioned at the center of the spot welding, the correction is finished;
step S10, weld trace import and edit: importing a preset DXF format track graph into galvanometer welding system software, setting points on the imported DXF welding track when a focal plane is clearly imaged by using a CCD (charge coupled device), dotting the surface of a part in a dotting mode to serve as a reference point for editing a three-dimensional platform motion track, programming by using three-dimensional platform motion software, and finishing editing the welding track by coinciding with the center of a circle of a CCD cross cursor and the galvanometer dotting during track editing;
step S11, trial run trace and setting welding waveform: obtaining single welding time by not emitting light after the welding track is edited in the step S9, forming a welding waveform by setting the output power and the light emitting time of the laser under the condition that the single welding time and the parameters of the welding track are not changed, and outputting the set energy to the surface of the upper current collecting plate by the laser so that the upper current collecting plate is fused to the lower current collecting plate to form a keyhole after reaching a melting point, wherein the upper current collecting plate is the upper plate, and the lower current collecting plate is the lower plate;
step S12, setting swing parameters that the swing module adopts a compatible galvanometer welding system as the swing module, the swing mode is circular swing, and the swing size is set as
Figure BDA0003465522330000051
The swing speed is set to be 800 mm/s;
step S13, control signal transmission mode confirmation: when the preparation is finished, welding is to be started, and the transmission of the inspection signal is carried out in a synchronous transmission mode;
step S14, welding the upper and lower plates, driving the laser emitting unit of the laser to move by the moving shaft to form a welding track, so as to weld the upper and lower current collecting plates;
step S15, testing the strength after welding, performing appearance inspection on the welded current collecting plate, inspecting whether the welding bead is abnormal under a microscope, and testing the welding strength under the condition that the welding quality is satisfied;
the bonding strength of the welding seam of the hydrogen fuel collector plate welded by adopting the process is more than or equal to 600 Mpa;
and step S16, performing air tightness test, and testing whether air tightness leaks or not by using air tightness equipment after the strength test of the welded current collecting plate is finished.
A current collecting plate obtainable by any one of the above-described hydrogen fuel cell current collecting plate fabrication methods.
A collector plate fabrication apparatus that can perform any one of the above-described methods of fabricating a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell.
A computer storage medium having one or more programs stored thereon that are executable by one or more processors to implement the steps of any one of the above-described methods of fabricating a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell.
The over-MOPA laser outputs laser light to the galvanometer. The swing software controls the vibrating mirror to swing to generate a swing light beam, the swing light beam penetrates through the field lens to the surface of the upper plate through the vibrating mirror, the upper plate penetrates through the lower flow collecting plate to form a keyhole after reaching a melting point, then the laser emitting system of the laser is driven to move through the moving shaft to form a welding track, the moving shaft drives the laser emitting system to move from a welding track starting point to a welding track end point, along with the movement of the laser beam, a material in the front of the moving direction starts to melt, a molten pool in the rear starts to cool and solidify, and finally a complete welding line is formed, so that the upper plate and the lower plate are welded together.
The beneficial effects of this application possess the mirror that shakes light-emitting and the compatible welding mode of mirror swing that shakes for mirror welding system overall utilization is higher shakes, utilizes mirror swing laser welding application that shakes, and welding process is stable, is difficult for appearing the rosin joint problem, and the welding outward appearance is bright, and the welding seam width is adjustable, improves upper and lower board welding area of contact, guarantees the ability of overflowing of welding seam, has improved hydrogen fuel electric motor car fuel cell's product property ability by a wide margin.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a welding method of a current collecting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a MOPA laser with a QBH junction;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a welding control flow of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of weld penetration within a welding process window;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the material composition at the collector plate;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the present invention employing a non-weaving weld;
FIG. 7-1 is a weld trace of the present invention, and FIG. 7-2 is a schematic view of a welding waveform;
FIG. 8 and FIG. 8-1 are schematic views of a weld joint after "MOPA laser + platform motion + galvanometer + swing" is adopted;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of process window determination;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of forming a solder joint;
FIG. 11 is another schematic illustration of forming a solder joint;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of CCD imaging.
Detailed Description
In one embodiment, the upper plate is welded through by a MOPA laser, and the upper plate and the lower plate are welded together to obtain the prepared collector plate.
In one embodiment, the method comprises the following steps:
outputting laser to a vibrating mirror through the MOPA laser;
the vibrating mirror swings to generate a swinging light beam, and the swinging light beam passes through the vibrating mirror and reaches the surface of the upper plate through the field lens, so that the upper plate penetrates through the lower plate to form a key hole after reaching a melting point;
and (3) moving along with the swinging and light beam, melting the material in the front of the moving direction, cooling and solidifying the molten pool at the rear, finally forming a complete welding line, and welding the upper plate and the lower plate together to obtain the prepared collector plate.
In one embodiment, the method comprises the following steps:
outputting laser to a vibrating mirror through the MOPA laser;
the galvanometer does not swing to generate a constant-width light beam, and the constant-width light beam passes through the galvanometer and then reaches the surface of the upper plate through the field lens, so that the upper plate penetrates through the lower plate to form a key hole after reaching a melting point;
along with the movement of the constant-width light beam, the material in the front of the moving direction starts to melt, the molten pool at the rear starts to cool and solidify, and finally a complete welding line is formed, so that the upper plate and the lower plate are welded together, and the prepared collector plate is obtained.
In one embodiment, the weld width or depth is adjusted based on the area of contact of the upper plate with the lower plate.
In one embodiment, the method comprises the following steps:
receiving information of an upper plate and a lower plate to be welded, the information including a shape, a size, and an area of contact;
comparing the information with preset parameters, and judging whether the information is greater than the preset parameters;
if the information is larger than the preset parameter, the galvanometer swings; and if the information is less than or equal to the preset parameter, the galvanometer does not swing.
Because the welding mode that possesses mirror that shakes light-emitting and mirror that shakes swing compatible, welding process is stable under the dual mode, is difficult for appearing the rosin joint problem, and the welding outward appearance is bright, and the welding seam width is adjustable, improves upper plate and hypoplastron welding area of contact, guarantees the ability of overflowing of welding seam, has improved hydrogen fuel electric motor car fuel cell's product property ability by a wide margin.
In one embodiment, the motion shaft drives the laser emitting end of the MOPA laser to move to form the welding track.
The motion shaft drives the MOPA laser emitting system to move from the starting point of the welding track to the end point of the welding track.
In one embodiment, the motion axis is a marble base. The stability of the motion process is ensured.
In one embodiment, the linear motor is adopted for driving, the moving speed is more than or equal to 300mm/s and more than or equal to 200mm/s, and the laser emitting end is mechanically fixed on the moving shaft through the adapter plate.
In one embodiment, the laser welds the upper and lower plates in a predetermined path, with a rocking or non-rocking motion.
After the step of applying laser light to the surface of the liquid molten pool by the laser device, the method further comprises the following steps: and controlling a swing system in the laser emitting system to enable the laser to perform swing welding according to a preset track.
And controlling a swing module in the laser emitting system to swing through control software, so that the laser swings according to a preset track. The laser starts to be triggered out at the laser, meanwhile, the swing control software starts to swing the laser, the laser is transmitted and focused to a liquid molten pool formed on the surface of the collector plate through the optical fiber and the optical component, the laser swings according to a preset track, the liquid molten pool absorbs the laser to form a keyhole to increase the penetration depth, the swing software controls the light beam to swing to increase the width of a welding seam, the width of the welding seam can be effectively increased, and the overcurrent capacity of the collector plate is improved.
In one embodiment, the device comprises a galvanometer welding head module, wherein the galvanometer welding head module comprises a plurality of motors and a plurality of reflecting lenses, and each motor drives the corresponding reflecting lens to rotate.
2 motors in the galvanometer welding head module respectively drive 2 reflecting mirrors to rotate, so that the laser beam can swing in a preset track in a field mirror breadth.
In one embodiment, the upper plate and the lower plate are closely attached by a welding jig.
The cathode and the anode of the collector plate are tightly attached through the welding fixture, so that the welding effect can be ensured, and the welding strength is increased.
In one embodiment, the welding fixture includes a hold down device, a bottom support plate, and a locating pin.
The welding fixture comprises a pressing device, a bottom supporting device and a positioning pin; the step of the collector plate cathode and anode tightly attaching through the welding fixture comprises: mounting a positioning pin on a bottom supporting plate, mounting the anode plate in the positioning pin, attaching the bottom of the positioning pin to a lower supporting plate, mounting the cathode plate on the anode plate, and enabling the cathode plate to face upwards; and pressing down the pressing device with the pressing head in sequence, and driving the pressing device to maintain pressure through the air cylinder so that the upper flow collecting plate and the lower flow collecting plate are tightly attached to each other at the upper side and the lower side.
In one embodiment, the MOPA laser output type is QBH, and the power is 500 watts.
In one embodiment, the weaving welding pattern includes a circle, a sinusoidal line, a straight line, and ∞.
In one embodiment, the amplitude of the laser wobble is adjustable.
The oscillating mirror system is selected through software and controlled through a control card, the oscillating speed and the oscillating size can be adjusted through a software control interface, and the oscillating mirror system comprises a motor and a reflecting mirror.
In one embodiment, the power of the MOPA laser is less than or equal to 500 w.
In one embodiment, the MOPA laser uses a QBH interface form and a galvanometer welding system for transmission.
In one embodiment, the fiber laser has a wavelength of 1030nm to 1090 nm.
In one embodiment, the thickness of the current collecting plate is 0.05-0.5 mm.
In one embodiment, the welding strength between the upper plate and the lower plate is more than or equal to 600 MPa.
In one embodiment, the material of the current collecting plate includes stainless steel, titanium alloy, composite metal, and aluminum alloy.
The preparation method of the collector plate of the hydrogen fuel cell comprises the following steps:
step S1, the movement mechanism mounting: mounting a platform motion mechanism on a marble platform;
step S2, jig mounting: mounting the designed and processed clamp on a moving mechanism on a fixed marble platform, and checking whether each mechanism is mounted and moves normally;
step S3, material confirmation: the alloy element analysis instrument is used for confirming the materials, stainless steel 316 is adopted for welding in the embodiment, the thickness of the upper flow collecting plate is 0.05mm, the thickness of the lower flow collecting plate is 0.15mm, and the lower flow collecting plate is required not to be welded through;
step S4, mounting parts; the upper and lower collector plates of the hydrogen fuel cell are arranged on the clamp in a positioning pin mode;
step S5, defining a laser welding process window: the welding process window is found out by performing experiments on the same material, and the upper process window is defined as follows because the lower flow collecting plate is not welded through according to the actual requirement: the lower current collecting plate is about to weld through process parameters, and the lower process window is as follows: the technological parameters of the lower current collecting plate just welded;
step S6, setting process parameters: welding process parameters can be set through a large amount of experimental data accumulation analysis and experience accumulation analysis: the focus is 0, the platform moves 300mm/s, the swing speed is 800mm/s, the swing mode is a circle, the diameter is 0.2mm, and a welding process window is searched by changing the power, and the reference is made to fig. 9;
as can be seen from the above table, the lower window process is: the power is 150W, and the weld penetration is in 15.21um, just weld upper and lower current collecting plate promptly, goes up the technology window and is: the power is 280W, the weld penetration is 127.09um,
step S7, selecting appropriate process parameters: the optimal fusion depth is determined according to a process window, proper power is selected according to the fusion depth, the fusion depth of the lower flow collecting plate is selected to be 1/2-2/3 lower plate thickness, namely the fusion depth is an ideal fusion depth value, namely the power can be between 220 and 250W and can meet the fusion depth of 72.91-99.45um, tolerance accumulation can be generated due to a series of unstable factors such as clamping after practical analysis, so that the power is 240W, and the fusion depth is 90.41um and is used as a support welding process parameter.
Step S8, confirming the welding focal plane: the focus finding method comprises the following steps: firstly, coarsely adjusting and then finely adjusting to find a focal plane;
the spot size/power density of the laser in the positive defocusing and the negative defocusing is basically in a symmetrical state, so that the Z-axis coordinate of the critical power density of the positive defocusing and the negative defocusing is only needed to be found under certain power, and the middle value is taken as the Z-axis coordinate of the focus, which is shown in figure 2.
Firstly, a small stainless steel plate is placed below the laser head, and the position and the height of the laser head are adjusted to enable red light to be positioned on the small steel plate and the diameter of the red light to be at the minimum value.
Secondly, as shown in the following figure, the X/Y axis shoots out light every 1.5mm, the Z axis shoots out light every 5mm, a certain Z axis coordinate is found, and under the defocusing condition of-10, -5, 0, +5, +10, the CCD image observes each welding point as shown in the following figure (in a symmetrical state), and the Z axis coordinate is the Z axis coordinate of the semiconductor focus. (failure to melt material to form a weld due to insufficient laser spot power density at + -10 mm defocus) see FIG. 10.
Thirdly, on the basis of the Z-axis coordinate of the roughly adjusted focus, the X/Y axis is dotted on a small plate every 1.5mm, the Z axis emits light every 1mm, a certain Z-axis coordinate is found, and the Z-axis coordinate is the Z-axis coordinate of the focus of the optical fiber when the CCD image observes each welding point under the defocusing condition of-3, -2, -1, 0, +1, +2, +3 as shown in the following figure (in a symmetrical state). (in the out-of-focus amount of + -3 mm, because the power density of the optical fiber light spot is not enough, the deep fusion welding spot can not be formed, and the splashing and the sound in the dotting process are extremely small), refer to fig. 11:
s9, adjusting CCD to image clearly: after correcting the optical fiber focal plane, whether the CCD image is clear or not needs to be checked when the optical fiber focal plane is in the focal plane, if the image is fuzzy, the CCD definition needs to be corrected
And (3) calibrating the spot subjected to dotting, adjusting the cross wire to be in the central position of the spot as shown in the figure, then carrying out light emitting judgment again after leaving the original position, finishing calibration if the cross wire is still in the center of the spot, and referring to figure 12, wherein the center of the optical fiber spot coincides with the center of the semiconductor spot.
Step S10, weld trace import and edit: the method comprises the steps of importing a preset DXF format track graph into galvanometer welding system software, setting points on the imported DXF welding track when a focal plane is clearly imaged by using a CCD, dotting the surface of a part in a dotting mode to serve as reference points for editing a three-dimensional platform motion track, programming by using three-dimensional platform motion software, and finishing editing the welding track by coinciding with the circle center of a CCD cross cursor and the galvanometer dotting during track editing, wherein the specific track is shown in figure 2.
Step S11, trial run trace and setting welding waveform: the single welding time can be obtained by editing the welding track without emitting light and trial running the welding track after S109, a welding waveform is formed by setting the output power and the light emitting time of the laser under the condition that the single running time of the welding track is not changed with parameters, and the set energy is output to the surface of the upper current collecting plate through the laser so that the upper current collecting plate is fused to the lower current collecting plate to form a keyhole after reaching the melting point; reference 7-2;
step S12, setting swing parameters that the swing module adopts a compatible galvanometer welding system as the swing module, the swing mode is circular swing, and the swing size is set as
Figure BDA0003465522330000101
The swing speed is set to be 800 mm/s;
step S13, control signal transmission mode confirmation:
when the preparation is completed, welding is to be started, and the transmission of the inspection signal is performed in a synchronous transmission mode, referring to fig. 3;
step S14, welding the upper and lower current collecting plates
The laser emitting unit of the laser is driven to move by the moving shaft to form a welding track, so that the upper current collecting plate and the lower current collecting plate are welded;
step S15, post-weld strength testing
And (4) performing appearance inspection on the welded current collecting plate, inspecting whether the welding bead is abnormal under a microscope, and testing the welding strength under the condition that the welding quality is satisfied.
The welding strength between the collector plates has an important influence on the sealing performance and the reliability in long-term operation. The bonding strength of the welding seam of the hydrogen fuel collector plate welded by the process is more than or equal to 600 Mpa.
And step S16, performing air tightness test, and testing whether air tightness leaks or not by using air tightness equipment after the strength test of the welded current collecting plate is finished.
The invention provides a flow collecting plate swing welding method, which comprises the steps of firstly placing an upper flow collecting plate and a lower flow collecting plate to be welded together, and outputting laser to a vibrating mirror through an MOPA laser. The swinging software controls the vibrating mirror to swing to generate a swinging light beam, the swinging light beam penetrates through the field lens to the surface of the upper flow collecting plate through the vibrating mirror, the upper flow collecting plate penetrates through the lower flow collecting plate to form a keyhole after reaching a melting point, then the moving shaft drives the laser emitting system of the laser to move to form a welding track, the moving shaft drives the laser emitting system to move from a welding track starting point to a welding track end point, along with the movement of the laser beam, a material in the front of the moving direction starts to melt, a molten pool in the rear starts to cool and solidify, and finally a complete welding line is formed, so that the upper flow collecting plate and the lower flow collecting plate are welded together.
The invention adopts the welding mode that the galvanometer welding system is compatible with galvanometer light emitting and galvanometer swinging, so that the overall utilization rate of the galvanometer welding system is higher, the galvanometer swinging laser welding application is utilized, the welding process is stable, the insufficient welding problem is not easy to occur, the welding appearance is bright, the width of a welding seam is adjustable, the welding contact area of the upper and lower collector plates is improved, the overcurrent capacity of the welding seam is ensured, and the product performance of the hydrogen fuel electric vehicle fuel cell is greatly improved.
Furthermore, the moving shaft adopts a marble base to ensure the stability of the moving process, the moving shaft is driven by a linear motor, the moving speed is more than or equal to 300mm/s and more than or equal to 200mm/s, and the laser emitting system is mechanically fixed on the portal frame moving shaft on the marble platform through the adapter plate.
Furthermore, the laser emitting system is a galvanometer welding system, the galvanometer welding system has a galvanometer welding function and also has a swing module function, and 2 motors in the swing module respectively drive 2 reflection lenses to rotate, so that the laser beam swings in a preset track in a certain breadth.
In the embodiment provided by the present invention, it is preferable that before the step of providing welding of the upper and lower current collecting plates, the method further includes: the inner sides of the upper and lower current collecting plates are attached through the welding fixture, so that the welding effect can be guaranteed, the welding strength is increased, and the welding is firmer.
In the technical scheme, the laser emitting system is connected with the laser, the laser emitting system and the laser are connected and transmitted in a QBH joint mode, and laser is focused to perform welding.
Preferably, the power of the MOPA laser is less than or equal to 500 w.
Preferably, the MOPA laser transmits using a QBH interface format and a galvanometer welding system.
Preferably, the wavelength of the fiber laser is 1030-1090 nm.
Preferably, the thickness of the current collecting plate is 0.05-0.5 mm.
Preferably, the welding strength after welding by adopting the process can reach more than or equal to 600 MPa.
Preferably, the material of the current collecting plate can be stainless steel, titanium alloy, composite metal and aluminum alloy.
Preferably, a platform is built on the marble, the marble bears a portal frame, and an optical system is arranged on the portal frame.
Preferably, the platform shaft is driven by a linear motor through a marble base, and the speed is more than or equal to 300mm/s and more than or equal to 200 mm/s;
preferably, the laser emitting system is a galvanometer welding system, the galvanometer welding system has a galvanometer welding function and also has a swing module function, and the required weld width can be set through a swing control card.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for welding a collector plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the optical focus of the laser used in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a signal transmission control flow chart of the collector plate welding process according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4, the collector plate welding process window and the corresponding upper window process penetration and lower window process penetration in the present invention are as shown in fig. 4-1 and 4-2.
As shown in fig. 5, the current collecting plate in the present invention requires consideration of corrosion resistance after the galvanic pile is synthesized,
that is, an appropriate stainless steel material is selected in an environment where it is known that pitting corrosion may occur, experiments show that stainless steel having a higher content of molybdenum element (Mo) or manganese element (Mn) has a stronger resistance to pitting corrosion, so that stainless steel having a better quality, such as 316 or 316L, is used as much as possible to improve the pitting corrosion resistance of the stainless steel product. The welding material used this time was 316 stainless steel.
As shown in fig. 6, in a schematic view of a weld joint of a non-swing fiber laser welding collector plate, it can be known that when the collector plate is not welded by using a swing process, the width of the weld joint after welding is narrow, the strength of the weld joint is insufficient, the bottom of the weld joint is uneven, and the external light of the weld joint is not uniform.
As shown in FIG. 7, during welding using this process, the weld path is set in a gradual and gradual manner as shown in FIG. 7-1, and the corresponding welding waveform corresponds to the welding pattern set to a trapezoidal welding waveform as shown in FIG. 7-2.
As shown in fig. 8, in the schematic view of the weld joint of the collector plate welded by the Mopa laser, the vibrating mirror, the swing and the platform motion, it can be known that when the collector plate is welded by using the process, the weld joint width is extremely stable, no obvious fluctuation exists, the welding strength is high, the weld joint is relatively flat and has good consistency.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (25)

1. A preparation method of a hydrogen fuel cell collector plate is characterized in that an upper plate is welded through by an MOPA laser, and the upper plate and a lower plate are welded together to obtain the prepared collector plate.
2. The method of producing a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, comprising:
outputting laser to a vibrating mirror through the MOPA laser;
the vibrating mirror swings to generate a swinging light beam, and the swinging light beam passes through the vibrating mirror and reaches the surface of the upper plate through the field lens, so that the upper plate penetrates through the lower plate to form a key hole after reaching a melting point;
and (3) moving along with the swinging and light beam, melting the material in the front of the moving direction, cooling and solidifying the molten pool at the rear, finally forming a complete welding line, and welding the upper plate and the lower plate together to obtain the prepared collector plate.
3. The method of producing a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, comprising:
outputting laser to a vibrating mirror through the MOPA laser;
the galvanometer does not swing to generate a constant-width light beam, and the constant-width light beam passes through the galvanometer and then reaches the surface of the upper plate through the field lens, so that the upper plate penetrates through the lower plate to form a key hole after reaching a melting point;
along with the movement of the constant-width light beam, the material in the front of the moving direction starts to melt, the molten pool at the rear starts to cool and solidify, and finally a complete welding line is formed, so that the upper plate and the lower plate are welded together, and the prepared collector plate is obtained.
4. The method for manufacturing a current collecting plate of a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the width or depth of the weld is adjusted according to the area of contact of the upper plate and the lower plate.
5. The method of producing a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, comprising:
receiving information of an upper plate and a lower plate to be welded, the information including a shape, a size, and an area of contact;
comparing the information with preset parameters, and judging whether the information is greater than the preset parameters;
if yes, the galvanometer swings; if not, the galvanometer does not swing.
6. The method of manufacturing a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the laser emitting end of the MOPA laser is moved by a moving axis to form a welding track.
7. The method of manufacturing a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the moving shaft is a marble base.
8. The method for preparing a collector plate of a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the collector plate is driven by a linear motor, the moving speed is 300mm/s or more and V or more and 200mm/s or more, and the laser emitting end is mechanically fixed on the moving shaft through an adapter plate.
9. The method of manufacturing a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the upper plate and the lower plate are welded by laser in a predetermined trajectory by swing or non-swing welding.
10. The method of claim 6, comprising a galvanometer welding head module, wherein the galvanometer welding head module comprises a plurality of motors and a plurality of reflectors, and each motor drives the corresponding reflector to rotate.
11. The method of manufacturing a current collecting plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the upper plate and the lower plate are closely attached by a welding jig.
12. The method of manufacturing a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 11, wherein said welding jig includes a pressing device, a bottom support plate, and a positioning pin.
13. The method of manufacturing a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the MOPA laser output type is QBH and the power is 500 w.
14. The method of manufacturing a current collecting plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the weaving welding pattern includes a circle, a sine line, a straight line, and ∞.
15. The method of producing a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the amplitude of the laser oscillation is adjustable.
16. The method of claim 1, wherein the power of the MOPA laser is 500w or less.
17. The method of claim 1, wherein the MOPA laser is delivered using a QBH interface format and a galvanometer welding system.
18. The method for preparing a collector plate of a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the fiber laser is 1030 to 1090 nm.
19. The method of manufacturing a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the collector plate is 0.05 to 0.5 mm.
20. The method of manufacturing a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the welding strength between the upper plate and the lower plate is 600MPa or more.
21. The method of manufacturing a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the material of the collector plate comprises stainless steel, titanium alloy, composite metal, and aluminum alloy.
22. A method of making a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising:
step S1, the movement mechanism mounting: mounting a platform motion mechanism on a marble platform;
step S2, jig mounting: mounting the designed and processed clamp on a moving mechanism on a fixed marble platform, and checking whether each mechanism is mounted and moves normally;
step S3, material confirmation: the alloy element analysis instrument is used for confirming the materials, stainless steel 316 is adopted for welding in the embodiment, the thickness of the upper flow collecting plate is 0.05mm, the thickness of the lower flow collecting plate is 0.15mm, and the lower flow collecting plate is required not to be welded through;
step S4, mounting parts; the upper plate and the lower plate of the hydrogen fuel cell are arranged on the clamp in a positioning pin mode;
step S5, defining a laser welding process window: the welding process window is found out by performing experiments on the same material, and the upper process window is defined as follows because the lower flow collecting plate is not welded through according to the actual requirement: the lower current collecting plate is about to weld through process parameters, and the lower process window is as follows: the technological parameters of the lower current collecting plate just welded;
step S6, setting process parameters: the focus is 0, the platform moves 300mm/s, the swing speed is 800mm/s, the swing mode is a circle, the diameter is 0.2mm, and a welding process window is searched by changing the power;
step S7, selecting proper process parameters;
step S8, confirming a welding focal plane;
step S9, adjusting CCD to image clearly;
step S10, importing and editing a welding track;
step S11, trial run track and welding waveform setting;
step S12, setting swing parameters;
step S13, confirming the transmission mode of the control signal;
step S14, welding the upper and lower plates, driving the laser emitting unit of the laser to move by the moving shaft to form a welding track, so as to weld the upper and lower current collecting plates;
step S15, testing the strength after welding, performing appearance inspection on the welded current collecting plate, inspecting whether the welding bead is abnormal under a microscope, and testing the welding strength under the condition that the welding quality is satisfied;
the bonding strength of the welding seam of the hydrogen fuel collector plate welded by adopting the process is more than or equal to 600 Mpa;
and step S16, performing air tightness test, and testing whether air tightness leaks or not by using air tightness equipment after the strength test of the welded current collecting plate is finished.
23. A current collecting plate, characterized in that it is obtainable by a method for producing a hydrogen fuel cell current collecting plate according to any one of claims 1 to 22.
24. A collector plate fabrication apparatus that can perform the hydrogen fuel cell collector plate fabrication method according to any one of claims 1 to 22.
25. A computer storage medium having one or more programs stored thereon, the one or more programs being executable by one or more processors to implement the steps of the method for manufacturing a collector plate for a hydrogen fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 22.
CN202210028669.6A 2022-01-11 2022-01-11 Preparation method of collector plate of hydrogen fuel cell, collector plate, preparation equipment and storage medium Withdrawn CN114178694A (en)

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CN112276362A (en) * 2020-11-13 2021-01-29 深圳市杰普特光电股份有限公司 Laser welding device and welding method thereof
CN113020794A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-06-25 龙俊耀 Ultrahigh-speed precise welding process and welding clamp for hydrogen energy automobile bipolar plate
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CN109877452A (en) * 2019-03-13 2019-06-14 北京新研创能科技有限公司 A kind of welding method for fuel battery metal double polar plate
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Application publication date: 20220315