CN114178640A - Thermal shock-resistant graphite and metal brazing method - Google Patents
Thermal shock-resistant graphite and metal brazing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114178640A CN114178640A CN202111125513.1A CN202111125513A CN114178640A CN 114178640 A CN114178640 A CN 114178640A CN 202111125513 A CN202111125513 A CN 202111125513A CN 114178640 A CN114178640 A CN 114178640A
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910017693 AgCuTi Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001257 Nb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010406 interfacial reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for brazing graphite and metal with thermal shock resistance, and belongs to the technical field of ceramic/metal dissimilar material connection. Processing a groove on the welding surface of graphite to be brazed, filling metal brazing filler metal in the groove, covering a foil strip made of the metal brazing filler metal on the welding surface of the graphite, covering the welding surface of the metal to be brazed on the foil strip to form a module to be brazed, putting the module to be brazed into a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing, wherein the brazing temperature is 780-900 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5-20 min, cooling the module to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate lower than 5 ℃/min, and then cooling the module to room temperature along with the furnace. The invention reduces the residual thermal stress formed after graphite/electromagnetic pure iron heterogeneous brazing, improves the reliability of the joint, and can bear thermal shock of 450 ℃ -cold water (20 ℃) which is not less than 10 times.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a method for brazing graphite and metal with thermal shock resistance, and belongs to the technical field of ceramic/metal dissimilar material connection.
Background
The graphite has the excellent performances of high melting point, low density, low thermal expansion coefficient, corrosion resistance, thermal fatigue resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, energy sources, power electronics and the like. However, graphite has poor mechanical properties, and is often required to be connected with a metal material to achieve complementation in performance. Electromagnetic pure iron DT4C is a soft magnetic material with carbon content lower than 0.04%, has high saturation magnetization, and is often used as a magnetic core material.
However, the two materials have large difference of thermal expansion coefficients, and a great deal of residual thermal stress exists in a soldered joint of the two materials, so that the joint can crack in severe cases, and the high-performance soldered connection which can resist thermal shock of 450 ℃ is very difficult to realize. How to effectively relieve the residual stress of the joint becomes one of the research hotspots in the field of high-temperature ceramic material connection at present.
Aiming at the structural design and the process research of welding large-size ceramic composite materials and metals, the research at home and abroad is less at present. The german and European Astronavigation and Defense (EADS) group studied the brazing technique of the ceramic composite material and the niobium metal member, and tried to be applied in the manufacture of the rocket engine nozzle, thereby realizing the brazing connection between the ceramic composite material nozzle and the niobium metal ring, and performing the ignition test. The welding position of the test nozzle structural member is subjected to surface pretreatment and brazing filler metal preset design, but a specific joint structure is not reported. The joint stress relieving structural design of the complex component for connecting the ceramic composite material and the metal is not mature enough in China, and the gap is larger compared with that of the connection structure at abroad.
In the design of the joint structure for connecting ceramic composite material and metal, the invention relates to a product for SiO2f/SiO2The technological method for brazing composite ceramic and metal materials has the following patent numbers: ZL 201010266686.0; huaping bear, Chenbo, Huajunfeng bear, Chenbing qing and Chenyangyong, SiO2f/SiO2The brazing method of the composite ceramic outer ring and the metal inner ring has the following patent numbers: ZL 201218004848.3) proposed to be first machined on SiO2f/SiO2The surface to be welded of the ceramic composite material is provided with discontinuous pits, and then the pits are filled with plugs orDirectly filling silver-based medium-temperature active solder to form a gradient transition structure, and then carrying out SiO2f/SiO2And (3) brazing the ceramic composite ring and the metal ring.
These two patents are directed to SiO2f/SiO2Dissimilar connection of ceramic composite materials to metals, in SiO2f/SiO2The surface of the composite material is grooved, so that the brazing connection of the large-difference heterogeneous material is realized, but the heat shock resistance of the joint is not examined and evaluated. This patent is directed at that this kind of surface stability of graphite is very strong, and extremely difficult and brazing filler metal takes place the material of interfacial reaction, and welded heterojunction needs to bear high temperature thermal shock simultaneously.
The invention provides a method for brazing graphite and metal with thermal shock resistance, aiming at the service requirements of large-difference heterogeneous connection of high-strength graphite and metal and 450 ℃ thermal shock bearing of a joint, and the thermal expansion coefficient of a connection area is gradually transited by constructing a composite material intermediate transition layer formed by alternately mixing metal solder and graphite between the graphite and the metal to be welded, so that the residual thermal stress formed after graphite/metal heterogeneous brazing is greatly reduced, and the joint can bear the thermal shock of 450-cold water (20 ℃) for not less than 10 times.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the ceramic/metal heterogeneous soldered joint is difficult to bear high-temperature thermal shock due to the inherent large difference of thermal expansion coefficients, and the existing mature solder and process can not realize large-size graphite/metal soldering and can not bear the high-temperature thermal shock of 450 ℃. The invention provides a method for brazing graphite and metal with thermal shock resistance, which constructs a composite material intermediate transition layer formed by alternately mixing metal brazing filler metal and graphite between the graphite and the metal to be welded, so that the thermal expansion coefficient of a connecting area is gradually transited, the residual thermal stress formed after graphite/metal heterogeneous brazing is greatly reduced, and a joint can bear not less than 10 times of thermal cycles of 450 ℃ -cold water (20 ℃).
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for brazing graphite and metal with thermal shock resistance, which comprises the following steps: processing a groove on the welding surface of graphite to be brazed, filling metal brazing filler metal in the groove, covering a foil tape made of the metal brazing filler metal on the welding surface of the graphite, covering the welding surface of the metal to be brazed on the foil tape to form a module to be brazed, putting the module to be brazed into a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing, wherein the brazing temperature is 780-900 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5-20 min, cooling the module to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate lower than 5 ℃/min, and then cooling the module to room temperature along with the furnace.
The graphite is a high-strength graphite disc with the diameter of 60mm and the thickness of 2 mm.
The metal material is pure iron, niobium alloy, molybdenum alloy, high-temperature alloy or titanium alloy.
The groove size of the graphite welding surface is 1mm in width and 0.5mm in depth.
The number of the grooves is more than 5.
The thickness of the foil strip is 50-200 μm.
The metal brazing filler metal is AgCuTi or AgCuInTi.
The metal brazing filler metal filled in the groove is powdered brazing filler metal.
The thermal shock temperature of the product obtained according to the method is higher than 450 ℃.
The invention has the advantages that: the biggest difficulty in the heterogeneous connection of ceramics and metals is that the residual stress of a joint is overlarge due to large difference of thermal expansion coefficients, and the thermal shock performance of 450 ℃ is difficult to bear. Aiming at the dissimilar material brazing combination of graphite and metal, the groove is machined on the surface of the graphite and filled with the metal brazing filler metal, so that a composite material intermediate transition layer formed by alternately mixing the metal brazing filler metal and the graphite is constructed between the graphite and the metal to be welded after brazing, the thermal expansion coefficient of a connecting area is gradually transited, the residual thermal stress formed after graphite/metal heterogeneous brazing is greatly reduced, and the joint can bear thermal shock of 450-cold water (20 ℃) for not less than 10 times.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the size and distribution of grooves on the surface of graphite
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a groove machined on a to-be-welded surface of graphite
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of a post-welded joint of graphite and metal
Detailed Description
A method for soldering graphite and metal with heat shock resistance is based on the design of connector structure, and includes machining the surface to be soldered of graphite to form a groove, filling metal solder powder in the groove, forming a composite material intermediate transition layer between graphite and metal, and making the thermal expansion coefficient of the transition layer between the graphite and metal to be soldered gradually. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, grooves with the width of 1mm and the depth of 0.5mm are processed on the graphite welding surface with the diameter of 60mm and the thickness of 2mm, and the number of the grooves is more than five. In the assembling process, filling the groove with metal brazing filler metal, covering a foil strip made of the metal brazing filler metal on the welding surface of the graphite, covering the welding surface of the metal to be brazed on the foil strip to form a module to be brazed, placing the module to be brazed in a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing, wherein the brazing temperature is 780-900 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5-20 min, cooling the module to be brazed to 450 ℃ at the cooling rate lower than 5 ℃/min, and then cooling the module to the room temperature along with the furnace. The thermal shock temperature of the graphite/metal heteroj oint obtained is higher than 450 ℃.
Example 1
Machining an annular groove as shown in figure 1 on the welding surface of a welded parent metal graphite with the diameter of 60mm, wherein the central position of the groove is R7.5mm, R12.5mm, R17.5 mm, R22.5mm and R27.5mm in the radial direction, the width is 1mm, and the depth is 0.5 mm;
during brazing assembly, the grooves are filled with AgCuTi metal brazing filler metal powder, the grooves are scraped by a blade, then AgCuTi brazing filler metal foil strips with the thickness of 50 microns are placed between graphite and pure iron, and the assembled module to be brazed is shown in figure 2.
And (3) placing the assembled graphite and pure iron sample into a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing, wherein the brazing specification is 870 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10min, cooling the graphite and pure iron sample to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate lower than 5 ℃/min, and then cooling the graphite and pure iron sample to room temperature along with the furnace.
And (3) putting the obtained joint into an air furnace, preserving the temperature at 450 ℃ for 10min, taking out, directly putting into cold water (20 ℃), and after 10 thermal shock cycles of 450-cold water (20 ℃) for 10 times, keeping the joint in a good state and preventing a welding interface from cracking.
Example 2
Machining an annular groove as shown in figure 1 on the welding surface of a welded parent metal graphite with the diameter of 60mm, wherein the central position of the groove is R7.5mm, R12.5mm, R17.5 mm, R22.5mm and R27.5mm in the radial direction, the width is 1mm, and the depth is 0.5 mm;
during brazing assembly, the grooves are filled with AgCuInTi metal brazing filler metal powder, the grooves are scraped by a blade, then AgCuInTi brazing filler metal foil strips with the thickness of 50 microns are placed between graphite and pure iron, and the assembled module to be brazed is shown in figure 2.
And (3) placing the assembled graphite and pure iron sample into a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing, wherein the brazing specification is 800 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10min, cooling the graphite and pure iron sample to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate lower than 5 ℃/min, and then cooling the graphite and pure iron sample to room temperature along with the furnace.
And (3) putting the obtained joint into an air furnace, preserving the temperature at 450 ℃ for 10min, taking out, directly putting into cold water (20 ℃), and after 10 thermal shock cycles of 450-cold water (20 ℃) for 10 times, keeping the joint in a good state and preventing a welding interface from cracking.
Example 3
Machining an annular groove as shown in figure 1 on the welding surface of a welded parent metal graphite with the diameter of 60mm, wherein the central position of the groove is R7.5mm, R12.5mm, R17.5 mm, R22.5mm and R27.5mm in the radial direction, the width is 1mm, and the depth is 0.5 mm;
during brazing assembly, filling AgCuTi metal brazing filler metal powder in the groove, leveling by using a blade, then putting graphite filled with the metal brazing filler metal powder into a vacuum brazing furnace, heating to 870 ℃, preserving heat for 10min to melt the metal powder, cooling to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate of not more than 5 ℃/min, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
the pre-brazed graphite is taken out, AgCuTi metal brazing filler metal powder is filled in the groove in a supplementing mode, the groove is flattened by a blade, an AgCuTi brazing filler metal foil strip with the thickness of 50 micrometers is placed between the graphite and pure iron, and the assembled module to be brazed is shown in the figure 2.
And (3) placing the assembled graphite and pure iron sample into a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing, wherein the brazing specification is 870 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10min, cooling the graphite and pure iron sample to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate lower than 5 ℃/min, and then cooling the graphite and pure iron sample to room temperature along with the furnace.
And (3) putting the obtained joint into an air furnace, preserving the temperature at 450 ℃ for 10min, taking out, directly putting into cold water (20 ℃), and after 10 thermal shock cycles of 450-cold water (20 ℃) for 10 times, keeping the joint in a good state and preventing a welding interface from cracking.
Example 4
Machining an annular groove as shown in figure 1 on the welding surface of a welded parent metal graphite with the diameter of 60mm, wherein the central position of the groove is R7.5mm, R12.5mm, R17.5 mm, R22.5mm and R27.5mm in the radial direction, the width is 1mm, and the depth is 0.5 mm;
during brazing assembly, the grooves are filled with AgCuTi metal brazing filler metal powder, the grooves are scraped by a blade, then AgCuTi brazing filler metal foil strips with the thickness of 100 microns are placed between graphite and titanium alloy, and the assembled module to be brazed is shown in figure 2.
And (3) placing the assembled graphite and titanium alloy sample into a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing, wherein the brazing specification is 870 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10min, cooling the graphite and titanium alloy sample to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate lower than 5 ℃/min, and then cooling the graphite and titanium alloy sample to room temperature along with the furnace.
And (3) putting the obtained joint into an air furnace, preserving the temperature at 450 ℃ for 10min, taking out, directly putting into cold water (20 ℃), and after 10 thermal shock cycles of 450-cold water (20 ℃) for 10 times, keeping the joint in a good state and preventing a welding interface from cracking.
Example 5
Machining an annular groove as shown in figure 1 on the welding surface of a welded parent metal graphite with the diameter of 60mm, wherein the central position of the groove is R7.5mm, R12.5mm, R17.5 mm, R22.5mm and R27.5mm in the radial direction, the width is 1mm, and the depth is 0.5 mm;
during brazing assembly, the grooves are filled with AgCuInTi metal brazing filler metal powder, the grooves are scraped by a blade, then AgCuInTi brazing filler metal foil strips with the thickness of 100 microns are placed between graphite and titanium alloy, and the assembled module to be brazed is shown in figure 2.
And (3) placing the assembled graphite and niobium alloy sample into a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing, wherein the brazing specification is 800 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10min, cooling the sample to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate of less than 5 ℃/min, and then cooling the sample to room temperature along with the furnace.
And (3) putting the obtained joint into an air furnace, preserving the temperature at 450 ℃ for 10min, taking out, directly putting into cold water (20 ℃), and after 10 thermal shock cycles of 450-cold water (20 ℃) for 10 times, keeping the joint in a good state and preventing a welding interface from cracking.
Example 6
Machining an annular groove as shown in figure 1 on the welding surface of a welded parent metal graphite with the diameter of 60mm, wherein the central position of the groove is R7.5mm, R12.5mm, R17.5 mm, R22.5mm and R27.5mm in the radial direction, the width is 1mm, and the depth is 0.5 mm;
during brazing assembly, the grooves are filled with AgCuTi metal brazing filler metal powder, the grooves are scraped by a blade, then AgCuTi brazing filler metal foil strips with the thickness of 100 microns are placed between graphite and pure iron, and the assembled module to be brazed is shown in figure 2.
And (3) placing the assembled graphite and pure iron sample into a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing, wherein the brazing specification is 900 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10min, cooling the graphite and pure iron sample to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate lower than 5 ℃/min, and then cooling the graphite and pure iron sample to room temperature along with the furnace.
And (3) putting the obtained joint into an air furnace, preserving the temperature at 450 ℃ for 10min, taking out, directly putting into cold water (20 ℃), and after 10 thermal shock cycles of 450-cold water (20 ℃) for 10 times, keeping the joint in a good state and preventing a welding interface from cracking.
Example 7
Machining an annular groove as shown in figure 1 on the welding surface of a welded parent metal graphite with the diameter of 60mm, wherein the central position of the groove is R7.5mm, R12.5mm, R17.5 mm, R22.5mm and R27.5mm in the radial direction, the width is 1mm, and the depth is 0.5 mm;
during brazing assembly, the grooves are filled with AgCuInTi metal brazing filler metal powder, the grooves are scraped by a blade, then AgCuInTi brazing filler metal foil strips with the thickness of 150 microns are placed between graphite and pure iron, and the assembled module to be brazed is shown in figure 2.
And (3) placing the assembled graphite and pure iron sample into a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing, wherein the brazing specification is 840 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10min, cooling the graphite and pure iron sample to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate lower than 5 ℃/min, and then cooling the graphite and pure iron sample to room temperature along with the furnace.
And (3) putting the obtained joint into an air furnace, preserving the temperature at 450 ℃ for 10min, taking out, directly putting into cold water (20 ℃), and after 10 thermal shock cycles of 450-cold water (20 ℃) for 10 times, keeping the joint in a good state and preventing a welding interface from cracking.
Example 8
Machining an annular groove as shown in figure 1 on the welding surface of a welded parent metal graphite with the diameter of 60mm, wherein the central position of the groove is R7.5mm, R12.5mm, R17.5 mm, R22.5mm and R27.5mm in the radial direction, the width is 1mm, and the depth is 0.5 mm;
during brazing assembly, filling AgCuTi metal brazing filler metal powder in the groove, leveling by using a blade, then putting graphite filled with the metal brazing filler metal powder into a vacuum brazing furnace, heating to 800 ℃, keeping the temperature for 10min to melt the metal powder, cooling to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate of not more than 5 ℃/min, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
the pre-brazed graphite is taken out, AgCuInTi metal brazing filler metal powder is filled in the groove in a supplementing mode, the groove is flattened by a blade, an AgCuInTi brazing filler metal foil strip with the thickness of 50 micrometers is placed between the graphite and pure iron, and the assembled module to be brazed is shown in figure 2.
And (3) placing the assembled graphite and electromagnetic pure iron sample into a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing, wherein the brazing specification is 800 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10min, cooling the graphite and electromagnetic pure iron sample to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate lower than 5 ℃/min, and then cooling the graphite and electromagnetic pure iron sample to room temperature along with the furnace.
And (3) putting the obtained joint into an air furnace, preserving the temperature at 450 ℃ for 10min, taking out, directly putting into cold water (20 ℃), and after 10 thermal shock cycles of 450-cold water (20 ℃) for 10 times, keeping the joint in a good state and preventing a welding interface from cracking.
Claims (9)
1. A method for brazing graphite and metal with thermal shock resistance is characterized by comprising the following steps: processing a groove on the welding surface of graphite to be brazed, filling metal brazing filler metal in the groove, covering a foil tape made of the metal brazing filler metal on the welding surface of the graphite, covering the welding surface of the metal to be brazed on the foil tape to form a module to be brazed, putting the module to be brazed into a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing, wherein the brazing temperature is 780-900 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5-20 min, cooling the module to 450 ℃ at a cooling rate lower than 5 ℃/min, and then cooling the module to room temperature along with the furnace.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphite is a high-strength graphite disk having a diameter of 60mm and a thickness of 2 mm.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metal material is pure iron, niobium alloy, molybdenum alloy, high temperature alloy or titanium alloy.
4. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the grooves on the graphite welding surface have a width of 1mm and a depth of 0.5 mm.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the number of the grooves is 5 or more.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the foil has a thickness of 50 μm to 200 μm.
7. The method for brazing graphite and metal with high thermal shock resistance according to claim 1, wherein the metal brazing filler metal is AgCuTi or AgCuInTi.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the brazing filler metal filled in the grooves is powdered.
9. A method of brazing thermal shock resistant graphite to metal as claimed in claim 1 wherein the thermal shock temperature of the product obtained according to the method is greater than 450 ℃.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114833410A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-08-02 | 中机智能装备创新研究院(宁波)有限公司 | Method for reducing residual stress of heterogeneous brazed joint |
| CN114932334A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-23 | 武汉联影医疗科技有限公司 | Welding method of anode target disc |
Citations (8)
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| CN114833410B (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-10-14 | 中机智能装备创新研究院(宁波)有限公司 | Method for reducing residual stress of heterogeneous brazed joint |
| WO2024007453A1 (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2024-01-11 | 中国机械总院集团宁波智能机床研究院有限公司 | Method for reducing residual stress of heterogeneous brazed joint |
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