CN114175994A - Intelligent agricultural fertilization system and fertilization method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent agricultural fertilization system in the technical field of agricultural fertilization, which comprises a motor and a hanging frame, wherein a hanging rod is fixedly and rotatably arranged at the front end of the hanging frame, a reversing gear is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the hanging rod, an autorotation sleeve is rotatably arranged at one end of the hanging frame, which is far away from the hanging rod, and is coaxially and fixedly connected with an autorotation gear, and the outer side of the autorotation gear is connected with the outer side of an output gear on an output shaft of the motor through transmission of a speed change gear, so that the problem that the fertilizer is generally fertilized in a large-area throwing mode and the plant fixing fertilization cannot be carried out by the conventional equipment is solved, and the phenomenon of transverse movement of field weeds is caused; secondly, the fertilization of high crops usually cannot be carried out directly by adopting large mechanical equipment, and operators are exposed to sunshine in a non-ventilated environment for a long time, so that the operators can suffer from sunstroke.

Description

Intelligent agricultural fertilization system and fertilization method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilization, in particular to an intelligent agricultural fertilization system and a fertilization method thereof.

Background

When the soil can not provide the nutrition required by the growth and development of crops, the action of artificially supplementing the crops with nutrient elements is called fertilization. The soil nutrient can be increased by applying organic fertilizer or inorganic fertilizer. Most of the inorganic fertilizer is easy to dissolve, and after the inorganic fertilizer is applied, the part of the inorganic fertilizer is absorbed by soil to preserve the soil, and the inorganic fertilizer can be absorbed by crops immediately. Most of the organic fertilizers are decomposed by microorganisms except for a small amount of nutrients which can be directly absorbed by crops, and crops can be utilized, particularly the crops with higher corn height are applied with grain-attacking fertilizers; the method is characterized in that the filaments of the female ears are drawn out and are subjected to one-time top dressing before and after pollination. Mainly aims to prevent later-stage fertilizer removal, prolong the functional period of upper leaves, promote grouting, increase the grain weight and improve the yield.

The existing equipment generally adopts a large-area throwing mode to fertilize, and can not carry out plant setting fertilization, so that the fertilizer is wasted, and meanwhile, the phenomenon of transverse movement of field weeds is caused; secondly, fertilization to high-plant crops usually can not adopt large-scale mechanical equipment to fertilize directly, because need a large amount of fertilizers in the high-plant production process, need cloth to apply many times, adopt artifical fertilization usually, the inefficiency simultaneously, because the planting area is big, ventilation effect is poor usually, operating personnel is in not ventilation environment for a long time and receives the sunshine insolate to make the operating personnel probably the phenomenon of heatstroke appear.

Based on the above, the invention designs an intelligent agricultural fertilization system and a fertilization method thereof, so as to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an intelligent agricultural fertilization system and a fertilization method thereof, which aim to solve the problems that the prior equipment generally adopts a large-area throwing mode to fertilize and can not carry out plant setting fertilization in the background technology, so that fertilizer is wasted, and the phenomenon of transverse movement of field weeds is caused; secondly, fertilization to high-plant crops usually can not be carried out directly by adopting large-scale mechanical equipment, because a large amount of fertilizers are needed in the production process of high plants, the fertilizers are required to be distributed for many times, and the manual fertilization is usually adopted, so that the efficiency is low, and meanwhile, because the planting area is large, the ventilation effect is poor usually, an operator is exposed to sunshine in a non-ventilation environment for a long time, so that the operator can feel hot.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an intelligent agricultural fertilization system comprises a motor and a hanging frame, wherein a hanging rod is fixedly and rotatably arranged at the front end of the hanging frame, a reversing gear is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the hanging rod, the reversing gear is meshed with the outer side of an output gear on a motor output shaft, an autorotation sleeve is rotatably arranged at one end, away from the hanging rod, of the hanging frame, the autorotation sleeve is coaxially and fixedly connected with an autorotation gear, the outer side of the autorotation gear is connected with the outer side of the output gear on the motor output shaft through a speed change gear, a discharging barrel is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the autorotation sleeve, a U-shaped ring plate is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the lower end of the autorotation sleeve through a support, two long-through stepping long circular holes are formed in the two side walls of the lower end of the U-shaped ring plate, two stepping racks which are symmetrical about the central axis of the U-shaped ring plate are fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the U-shaped ring plate, a material separating plate is horizontally and fixedly arranged in the middle of the U-shaped ring plate, the trigger rod is sleeved in the stepping long circular hole, one end of the trigger rod far exceeds the side wall of the U-shaped ring plate, the trigger rod is coaxially and fixedly provided with two stepping gears meshed with the stepping racks, the outer wall of the trigger rod, which is positioned in the middle of the U-shaped ring plate, is rotatably provided with the circular ring plate through a rotating shaft sleeve, the upper end of the circular ring plate is fixedly provided with two symmetrical limiting slide blocks, the limiting slide blocks are slidably arranged on the inner wall of a chute formed at the lower end of the material separating plate, the side wall of the circular ring plate is symmetrically provided with an opening and closing long circular hole, the side wall of the opening and closing long circular hole is slidably provided with two sliding rods, one end of each of the two sliding rods, which is positioned in the circular ring plate, is fixedly provided with a half conical plate with a downward pointed end, a compensation nut is vertically rotatably arranged in the middle of the sliding rods, the compensation nut is screwed with a lead screw, and the lead screw is rotatably arranged on the outer side wall of the circular ring plate through a support, an opening mandril for blocking the sliding rod is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the circular ring plate close to the lower side of the edge of the opening long circular hole, the upper end of the screw rod is coaxially and fixedly provided with a driving bevel gear, the outer end of the driving bevel gear is engaged with a driving bevel gear, the driving bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the trigger rod, a feeding hole is formed in the middle of the material separating plate positioned at the lower end of the self-transmission sleeve, a long round sliding cavity is formed in the material separating plate close to the edge of the feeding hole, a closing plate is arranged in the long round sliding cavity in a sliding manner, a steel ball is arranged in the cavity in the middle of the closing plate in a downward sliding manner, a compression spring is fixedly arranged between the steel ball and the closing plate, spring rods are fixedly arranged at two ends of the closing plate, the other end of the spring rod is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the long circular sliding cavity, and the lower end of the material separating plate is provided with an avoidance long circular hole for avoiding steel balls;

when the invention is used, the hanging rod on the fertilizing equipment is hung on the small farm tool, the carrier is required to be capable of quickly displacing and adjusting the hanging system up and down, left and right, the carrier is driven to the middle of a tall plant crop, fertilizer is injected into the emptying barrel, the fertilizer flows into the upper end of the closing plate in the feeding hole in the center of the partition plate along the self-transmission sleeve at the lower end of the emptying barrel, the fertilizing equipment is moved to the root of the crop, so that the long end of the hanging rod is positioned at the right side of the front end of the equipment (as shown in figure 2, the lower left corner in the figure is the right end of the equipment, the upper side in the figure is the upper end of the equipment, the equipment has rotary alternating motion in the moving process, the advancing direction of the carrier in the figure is taken as the working direction, the carrier stands at the front end of the equipment, the equipment is described by adopting the equipment direction, the equipment direction later, the carrier is started to move forwards, the root of the plant pushes the trigger rod to move to the rear end of the U ring plate along the long circular hole at the lower end of the U ring plate (as shown in figure 2, the roots of tall crops are generally thicker and far away according to the moment, the strength of the soil surface just emerged from the roots of the crops is generally higher, so that the equipment can be started smoothly), the trigger rod moves backwards to enable the coaxial stepping gear to move on the stepping rack, so that the stepping gear rotates, the trigger rod is driven to rotate after the stepping gear rotates, the trigger rod moves towards the rear end of the equipment while rotating, the annular plate is driven to move towards the rear end of the equipment when the trigger rod moves backwards, meanwhile, the limiting slide block at the upper end of the annular plate moves towards the rear end of the equipment along the sliding groove at the lower end of the partition plate (as shown in figures 4 and 5, wherein the rotating shaft sleeve compensates the action of the trigger rod on the annular plate, so that the annular plate can move towards the rear end of the equipment along the sliding groove), meanwhile, the rotation of the trigger rod drives the driving bevel gear to rotate, the driving bevel gear rotates to drive the driving bevel gear at the lower end of the driving bevel gear to rotate, the driving bevel gear rotates to drive the lead screw to rotate on the outer wall of the circular ring plate, the lead screw rotates in the compensation nut to drive the sliding rod to move downwards along the open-close long circular hole of the side wall of the circular ring plate, when the upper end of the circular ring plate touches a steel ball at the lower end of the closing plate, the circular ring plate is continuously moved along with the carrier to push the closing plate to overcome the elasticity of the spring rod and slide along the inner wall of the long circular sliding cavity, at the moment, fertilizer passes through the feeding hole to enter a cone formed by the conical plates, and simultaneously, the sliding rod continuously descends to enable the two conical plates to form the cone and move downwards to be pricked into soil beside a plant rhizome (as shown in figures 4 and 5, as the trigger rod is always kept relatively static under the action of the plant rhizome, the vertical position of the conical plates can be kept unchanged when the carrier moves, the conical plates continuously descend, when the conical plates are pricked into the soil, the outer end of the sliding rod touches the ejector rod to open, one end of the sliding rod close to the circular ring plate continuously descends (as shown in figure 5, the compensation nut is used for compensating the rotation of the conical plate to cause the angle difference between the sliding rod and the lead screw, so that the occurrence of the clamping phenomenon of the equipment is avoided), so that the two conical plates are opened, the fertilizer in the conical plates is released into the soil, along with the continuous movement of the carrier, the stepping gear is meshed with the other group of stepping racks in the opposite direction, so that the trigger rod is reversely rotated, so that the conical plates are closed and lifted (as shown in figures 4 and 5, the specific process is opposite to the fertilizing process and is not repeated here), meanwhile, the circular ring plate extrudes the steel balls to enable the spring rods to be compressed to the limit state by the steel balls, at the moment, the steel balls overcome the elastic force of the compression spring to slide upwards into the closing plate, so that the circular ring plate slides from the lower end, and simultaneously, the feeding hole is closed by the rebounding closing plate under the action of the spring rods, meanwhile, the other end of the circular plate triggers the closing plate to move again, so that fertilizer falls into a hole which is just fertilized, secondary supplementary fertilization is carried out, the fertilizer application amount in each height in soil is improved, the fertilization is more uniform, when the trigger rod moves to the rear end of the equipment, the motor is started to rotate, the motor rotates around the reversing gear, the hanging rod is inclined to the other side and is close to plants at the other point of the row distance, meanwhile, the motor output gear drives the rotation gear to rotate by one hundred eighty degrees through the change gear, so that the U-shaped plate at the lower end also rotates by one hundred eighty degrees, the trigger rod is converted to the front side of the other end, the carrier continues to move forwards (so as to complete the fertilization work of the other side, the equipment only carries out staggered fertilization from left to right, and two same equipment can carry out simultaneous fertilization from left to right, when the U-shaped ring plate rotates, the fertilizer in the equipment can be bumped, so that the fertilizer is not caked);

according to the invention, the trigger rod is extruded by the root of the plant, so that the trigger rod moves towards the rear end of the equipment along the stepping long circular hole, the two conical plates containing fertilizer and the root of the plant are kept static, the trigger rod can rotate under the action of the stepping rack and the stepping gear, the driving bevel gear on the outer wall of the trigger rod indirectly drives the sliding rod to move downwards along the opening and closing long circular hole in the side wall of the circular ring plate so as to complete the action of inserting the conical plates into soil, and the conical plates in the soil are opened under the action of the opening top rod and the sliding rod so as to complete the accurate fertilization of the fixed plant, so that the problem that the existing equipment cannot perform accurate positioning fertilization on high plants and fertilizer wastes field weeds and runs transversely is effectively solved; secondly make the trigger bar reversal through opposite step-by-step rack and step-by-step gear effect to make the toper board close and rise, rethread motor drive U ring board rotates the change limit, thereby has accomplished the continuity work of equipment, thereby has improved the efficiency of accurate fertilization.

As a further scheme of the invention, the middle of the material separating plate is provided with a concave plate with a lower part and two higher sides; make fertilizer gather in the middle of the flitch that separates always, avoided separating the flitch upper end dead angle of appearing, cause fertilizer to be exposed to the sun for a long time and appear melting the phenomenon of caking and appear, when blockking up equipment, also caused the waste of fertilizer.

The motor drives the U-shaped ring plate, so that fertilizer at the upper end of the partition plate possibly flies to the front end and the rear end of the partition plate and is far away from the feeding hole, the fertilizer is exposed to sunlight and high temperature for a long time, the fertilizer is melted to block equipment, and meanwhile, the fertilizer is wasted, and a set of cleaning device is designed to solve the problems; when the device is used, the trigger rod rotates to drive the friction belt to rotate, the friction belt drives the one-way wheel to rotate so as to drive the anti-caking rod to rotate, and the anti-caking rod rotates to drive the fertilizer to the feeding hole through the hairbrush (as shown in figure 2, the one-way wheel is adopted, so that the phenomenon that the fertilizer flies out of the device and is wasted due to the fact that the fertilizer is swept to the two ends of the material separation plate to be away from the feeding hole when the trigger rod rotates forwards and backwards is avoided);

according to the anti-caking device, the friction belt is driven to rotate by the trigger rod so as to drive the one-way wheel to rotate, and then the anti-caking rod is driven to rotate, so that the brush on the outer wall of the anti-caking rod sweeps the fertilizer to the feeding hole, and the problem that the fertilizer is melted and volatilized due to the fact that the fertilizer flies to the front end and the rear end of the material separating plate when the device rotates is solved.

As a further scheme of the invention, the inner wall of the stepping long circular hole is made of antifriction materials, so that friction is reduced, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.

As a further scheme of the invention, the motor adopts a speed reduction motor, so that the rotating torque of the equipment is larger.

As a further scheme of the invention, the rubber block is sleeved at the long end of the trigger rod, so that the trigger rod is prevented from damaging the roots and stems of crops.

An intelligent agricultural fertilization method comprises the following specific operation steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the fertilizer applying equipment is filled with needed fertilizer, and the equipment adopts a single loading hopper, so that the fertilizer is supplied singly, and the loading is more convenient and faster;

step two: the fertilizing equipment is hung on the carrier, the carrier is used for dragging the fertilizing equipment to move, and the device uses the external carrier, so that the long-time placement of mechanical resources is avoided, and the resources are wasted;

step three: the fertilizing equipment is started to move around the roots of crops, so that a trigger device in the equipment is in contact with the roots of the plants, the fixed-point accurate fertilization is realized, and the high efficiency of the fertilizer is ensured;

step four: and after the fertilization is finished, cleaning the fertilization equipment and storing.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, the trigger rod is extruded by the root of the plant, so that the trigger rod moves towards the rear end of the equipment along the stepping long circular hole, the two conical plates containing fertilizer and the root of the plant are kept static, the trigger rod can rotate under the action of the stepping rack and the stepping gear, the driving bevel gear on the outer wall of the trigger rod indirectly drives the sliding rod to move downwards along the opening and closing long circular hole in the side wall of the circular ring plate so as to complete the action of inserting the conical plates into soil, and the conical plates in the soil are opened under the action of the opening top rod and the sliding rod so as to complete the accurate fertilization of the fixed plant, so that the problem that the existing equipment cannot perform accurate positioning fertilization on high plants and fertilizer wastes field weeds and runs transversely is effectively solved; secondly make the trigger bar reversal through opposite step-by-step rack and step-by-step gear effect to make the toper board close and rise, rethread motor drive U ring board rotates the change limit, thereby has accomplished the continuity work of equipment, thereby has improved the efficiency of accurate fertilization.

2. The invention adopts the concave plate with the lower middle part and the higher two sides of the material separating plate; make fertilizer gather in the middle of the flitch that separates always, avoided separating the flitch upper end dead angle of appearing, cause fertilizer to be exposed to the sun for a long time and appear melting the phenomenon of caking and appear, when blockking up equipment, also caused the waste of fertilizer.

3. According to the anti-caking device, the friction belt is driven to rotate by the trigger rod so as to drive the one-way wheel to rotate, and then the anti-caking rod is driven to rotate, so that the brush on the outer wall of the anti-caking rod sweeps the fertilizer to the feeding hole, and the problem that the fertilizer is melted and volatilized due to the fact that the fertilizer flies to the front end and the rear end of the material separating plate when the device rotates is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a left front nose down view configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the left front nose down view in partial cross-section of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 3 according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 4B according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional structural view of the left rear depression of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 6 at C according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 7 at D according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the flow structure of the method of the present invention.

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

the automatic feeding device comprises a motor 10, a mounting frame 11, a mounting rod 12, a reversing gear 13, a self-transmission sleeve 14, an autorotation gear 15, a discharging barrel 16, a U-shaped ring plate 17, a stepping long circular hole 18, a stepping rack 19, a material separating plate 20, a trigger rod 21, a stepping gear 22, a rotating shaft sleeve 23, a circular ring plate 24, a limiting slide block 25, a sliding groove 26, an opening and closing long circular hole 27, a sliding rod 28, a conical plate 29, a compensation nut 30, a lead screw 31, an opening ejector rod 32, a driving bevel gear 33, a driving bevel gear 34, a feeding hole 35, a long circular sliding cavity 36, a closing plate 37, a steel ball 38, a compression spring 39, a spring rod 40, a friction wheel 41, an anti-caking rod 42, a one-way wheel 43, a friction belt 44 and a brush 45.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1-9, the present invention provides a technical solution: an intelligent agricultural fertilization system comprises a motor 10 and a mounting frame 11, a mounting rod 12 is fixedly and rotatably arranged at the front end of the mounting frame 11, a reversing gear 13 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the mounting rod 12, the reversing gear 13 is meshed with the outer side of an output gear on an output shaft of the motor 10, an autorotation sleeve 14 is rotatably arranged at one end of the mounting frame 11, which is far away from the mounting rod 12, the autorotation sleeve 14 is coaxially and fixedly connected with an autorotation gear 15, the outer side of the autorotation gear 15 is connected with the outer side of the output gear on the output shaft of the motor 10 through transmission of a speed change gear, a discharging barrel 16 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the autorotation sleeve 14, a U-shaped ring plate 17 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the lower end of the autorotation sleeve 14 through a support, two long through stepping long circular holes 18 are arranged on the two side walls of the lower end of the U-shaped ring plate 17, two stepping racks 19 which are symmetrical about the central axis of the U-shaped ring plate 17 are fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the stepping long circular holes 18, a material partition plate 20 is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the middle side wall of the U-shaped ring plate 17, a trigger rod 21 is sleeved in the stepping long round hole 18, one end of the trigger rod 21 far exceeds the side wall of the U-shaped ring plate 17, two stepping gears 22 meshed with the stepping racks 19 are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the trigger rod 21, a circular ring plate 24 is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the trigger rod 21 positioned in the middle of the U-shaped ring plate 17 through a rotating shaft sleeve 23, two symmetrical limiting sliders 25 are fixedly arranged at the upper end of the circular ring plate 24, the limiting sliders 25 are slidably arranged on the inner wall of a sliding chute 26 arranged at the lower end of the material partition plate 20, an opening and closing long round hole 27 is symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the circular ring plate 24, two sliding rods 28 are slidably arranged on the side wall of the opening and closing long hole 27, a half conical plate 29 with downward pointed tips is fixedly arranged at one end of each sliding rod 28 positioned in the circular ring plate 24, and a compensation nut 30 is rotatably arranged in the middle of each sliding rod 28 positioned at the outer end of the circular ring plate 24, a screw rod 31 is screwed in the middle of the compensation nut 30, the screw rod 31 is rotatably arranged on the outer side wall of the circular ring plate 24 through a support, an opening mandril 32 for blocking the sliding rod 28 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the circular ring plate 24 close to the lower side of the edge of the opening long circular hole 27, a driving bevel gear 33 is coaxially and fixedly arranged at the upper end of the screw rod 31, a driving bevel gear 34 is meshed at the outer end of the driving bevel gear 33, the driving bevel gear 34 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the trigger rod 21, a feeding hole 35 is arranged in the middle of the partition plate 20 at the lower end of the self-transmission sleeve 14, a long circular sliding cavity 36 is arranged in the partition plate 20 close to the edge of the feeding hole 35, a closing plate 37 is arranged in the sliding mode in the long circular sliding cavity 36, a steel ball 38 is arranged in the cavity in the middle of the closing plate 37 in a downward sliding mode, a compression spring 39 is fixedly arranged between the steel ball 38 and the closing plate 37, spring rods 40 are fixedly arranged at two ends of the closing plate 37, the other end of the spring rods 40 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the long circular sliding cavity 36, the lower end of the material separating plate 20 is provided with an avoidance slotted hole for avoiding the steel balls 38;

when the invention is used, the hanging rod 12 on the fertilizing equipment is hung on the small farm implement, the carrier is required to be capable of quickly displacing and adjusting the hanging system up and down, left and right in the advancing direction, the carrier is driven to the middle of the tall crops, fertilizer is injected into the emptying barrel 16, the fertilizer flows into the upper end of the closing plate 37 in the feeding hole 35 in the center of the partition plate 20 along the self-transmission sleeve 14 at the lower end of the emptying barrel 16, the fertilizing equipment is firstly moved to the root of the crops, so that the long end of the hanging rod 12 is positioned at the right side of the front end of the equipment (as shown in figure 2, the lower left corner is the right end of the equipment, the upper end of the equipment is arranged above the figure), the equipment has rotation alternate motion in the moving process, the advancing direction of the carrier in figure 2 is taken as the working direction, the carrier is stood at the front end of the equipment, the equipment is taken as the front end of the equipment, and the equipment direction is described later), the carrier is started to move forwards, the roots of the plants push the trigger rod 21 to move towards the rear end of the U-shaped ring plate 17 along the stepping oblong holes 18 at the lower end of the U-shaped ring plate 17 (as shown in fig. 2, the roots of tall crops are usually thicker and far away according to the moment, and usually the roots of crops are usually higher in strength just coming out of the soil surface, so that the equipment can be started smoothly), the trigger rod 21 moves backwards to enable the coaxial stepping gear 22 to move on the stepping rack 19, so that the stepping gear 22 rotates, the stepping gear 22 rotates to drive the trigger rod 21 to rotate, the trigger rod 21 rotates and moves towards the rear end of the equipment, the trigger rod 21 drives the circular ring plate 24 to move towards the rear end of the equipment when moving backwards, and meanwhile, the limiting slide block 25 at the upper end of the circular ring plate 24 moves towards the rear end of the equipment along the slide groove 26 at the lower end of the material separating plate 20 (as shown in fig. 4 and 5, wherein the rotating shaft sleeve 23 compensates the action of the trigger rod 21 on the circular ring plate 24, so that the circular ring plate 24 can smoothly move towards the rear end of the equipment along the chute 26), at the same time, the rotation of the trigger rod 21 drives the driving bevel gear 34 to rotate, the driving bevel gear 34 rotates to drive the driving bevel gear 33 at the lower end of the driving bevel gear to rotate, the driving bevel gear 33 rotates to drive the lead screw 31 to rotate on the outer wall of the circular ring plate 24, the lead screw 31 rotates in the compensation nut 30 to drive the sliding rod 28 to move downwards along the open-close slotted hole 27 on the side wall of the circular ring plate 24, when the upper end of the circular ring plate 24 touches the steel ball 38 at the lower end of the closing plate 37, the circular ring plate 24 pushes the closing plate 37 to open and slide along the inner wall of the slotted sliding cavity 36 against the elastic force of the spring rod 40 as the carrier continues to move, at this time, the fertilizer passes through the feeding hole 35 and enters the cone formed by the conical plates 29, and at the same time, the sliding rod 28 continues to descend to make the two conical plates 29 move downwards and prick into the soil beside the rootstock (as shown in figures 4 and 5, because the trigger rod 21 is kept relatively still by the action of the plant rootstocks all the time, the vertical position of the conical plate 29 can be kept unchanged when the carrier moves, as the carrier continues to move, the conical plate 29 continues to descend, after the conical plate 29 penetrates into the soil, the outer end of the sliding rod 28 contacts with the opening mandril 32, so that one end of the sliding rod 28 close to the circular ring plate 24 continues to descend (as shown in fig. 5, the compensation nut 30 is used for compensating the rotation of the conical plate 29, the resulting angle difference between the sliding rod 28 and the lead screw 31 is avoided, and the occurrence of the blocking phenomenon of the equipment is avoided), so that the two conical plates 29 are opened, the fertilizer in the conical plates 29 is released into the soil, as the carrier continues to move, the stepping gear 22 is meshed with the other group of stepping racks 19 in the opposite directions, so that the trigger rod 21 is reversely rotated, so that the conical plates 29 are closed and ascend (as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the specific process is opposite to the fertilizing process and is not described herein), the circular ring plate 24 extrudes the steel balls 38 to enable the closing plate 37 to compress the spring rods 40 to the limit state, at the moment, the steel balls 38 overcome the elastic force of the compression springs 39 to slide upwards into the closing plate 37, so that the circular ring plate 24 slides from the lower end, the closing plate 37 starts to rebound under the action of the spring rods 40 to close the feeding holes 35, at the same time, the other end of the circular ring plate 24 triggers the closing plate 37 to move again, so that the fertilizer falls into the holes which are just fertilized to be applied for secondary application, thereby increasing the fertilizer application amount in each height in the soil, enabling the fertilization to be more uniform, when the triggering rod 21 moves to the rear end of the device, the motor 10 is started to rotate around the reversing gear 13, so that the hanging rod 12 inclines to the other side to be close to plants at the other point of the row spacing, meanwhile, the motor output gear drives the rotation gear 15 to rotate one hundred eighty degrees through the speed change gear, so that the U-shaped ring plate 17 at the lower end also rotates one hundred eighty degrees, the trigger rod 21 is switched to the front side of the other end, and the carrier continues to move forwards (so that fertilization on the other side is completed, the equipment only conducts staggered fertilization on the left and right sides at the line interval, two same equipment can be hung for simultaneous fertilization on the left and right sides, and when the U-shaped ring plate 17 rotates, fertilizer in the equipment can be bumped, so that the fertilizer is not caked);

according to the invention, the trigger rod 21 is extruded by the root of a plant, so that the trigger rod 21 moves towards the rear end of the equipment along the stepping long round hole 18, the two conical plates 29 containing fertilizer and the root of the plant are kept static, the trigger rod 21 can rotate under the action of the stepping rack 19 and the stepping gear 22, the driving bevel gear 34 on the outer wall of the trigger rod indirectly drives the sliding rod 28 to move downwards along the opening and closing long round hole 27 on the side wall of the circular ring plate 24, so that the action of inserting the conical plates 29 into soil is completed, and the conical plates 29 in the soil are opened under the action of the opening top rod 32 and the sliding rod 28, so that the accurate plant-fixing fertilization is completed, and the problems that the existing equipment cannot perform accurate positioning fertilization on high-plant crops and fertilizer wastes field weeds to move transversely are effectively solved; secondly, the trigger rod 21 is reversely rotated under the action of the reverse stepping rack 19 and the stepping gear 22, so that the conical plate 29 is closed and ascended, and the motor 10 drives the U-shaped ring plate 17 to rotate and change edges, so that the continuous work of the equipment is completed, and the efficiency of accurate fertilization is improved.

As a further proposal of the invention, the material separating plate 20 is provided with a concave plate with a lower middle part and two higher sides; the fertilizer is always gathered in the middle of the material separating plate 20, dead angles at the upper end of the material separating plate 20 are avoided, the phenomenon that the fertilizer is exposed to the sun for a long time to melt and agglomerate is caused, and when equipment is blocked, the fertilizer is wasted.

Since the motor 10 drives the U-shaped ring plate 17, fertilizer at the upper end of the partition plate 20 may fly to the front end and the rear end of the partition plate 20 and be far away from the feeding hole 35, so that the fertilizer is exposed to sunlight and high temperature for a long time, the fertilizer is melted to block the equipment, and meanwhile, the fertilizer is wasted, and a set of cleaning device is designed to solve the problems; when the device is used, the trigger rod 21 rotates to drive the friction belt 44 to rotate, the friction belt 44 drives the one-way wheel 43 to rotate so as to drive the anti-caking rod 42 to rotate, and the anti-caking rod 42 rotates to drive the fertilizer to the feeding hole 35 through the brush 45 (as shown in figure 2, the one-way wheel 43 is adopted, so that the phenomenon that the fertilizer flies out of the device and is wasted due to the fact that the fertilizer is swept to the two ends of the material separation plate 20 to be far away from the feeding hole 35 when the trigger rod 21 rotates forwards and backwards is avoided);

according to the invention, the trigger rod 21 drives the friction belt 44 to rotate so as to drive the one-way wheel 43 to rotate, and then the anti-caking rod 42 is driven to rotate, so that the brush 45 on the outer wall of the anti-caking rod 42 sweeps the fertilizer to the feeding hole 35, and the problems that the fertilizer generates centrifugal motion during the rotation process of the device, flies to the front end and the rear end of the material separation plate 20, and the fertilizer is melted and volatilized at high temperature are solved.

As a further scheme of the invention, the inner wall of the stepping oblong hole 18 is made of antifriction materials, so that friction is reduced, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.

As a further aspect of the present invention, the motor 10 is a reduction motor, so that the rotational torque of the apparatus is larger.

As a further scheme of the invention, the long end of the trigger rod 21 is sleeved with a rubber block, so that the trigger rod 21 is prevented from damaging the roots and stems of crops.

An intelligent agricultural fertilization method comprises the following specific operation steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the fertilizer applying equipment is filled with needed fertilizer, and the equipment adopts a single loading hopper, so that the fertilizer is supplied singly, and the loading is more convenient and faster;

step two: the fertilizing equipment is hung on the carrier, the carrier is used for dragging the fertilizing equipment to move, and the device uses the external carrier, so that the long-time placement of mechanical resources is avoided, and the resources are wasted;

step three: the fertilizing equipment is started to move around the roots of crops, so that a trigger device in the equipment is in contact with the roots of the plants, the fixed-point accurate fertilization is realized, and the high efficiency of the fertilizer is ensured;

step four: and after the fertilization is finished, cleaning the fertilization equipment and storing.

The working principle is as follows: when the invention is used, the hanging rod 12 on the fertilizing equipment is hung on the small farm implement, the carrier is required to be capable of quickly displacing and adjusting the hanging system up and down, left and right in the advancing direction, the carrier is driven to the middle of the tall crops, fertilizer is injected into the emptying barrel 16, the fertilizer flows into the upper end of the closing plate 37 in the feeding hole 35 in the center of the partition plate 20 along the self-transmission sleeve 14 at the lower end of the emptying barrel 16, the fertilizing equipment is firstly moved to the root of the crops, so that the long end of the hanging rod 12 is positioned at the right side of the front end of the equipment (as shown in figure 2, the lower left corner is the right end of the equipment, the upper end of the equipment is arranged above the figure), the equipment has rotation alternate motion in the moving process, the advancing direction of the carrier in figure 2 is taken as the working direction, the carrier is stood at the front end of the equipment, the equipment is taken as the front end of the equipment, and the equipment direction is described later), the carrier is started to move forwards, the roots of the plants push the trigger rod 21 to move towards the rear end of the U-shaped ring plate 17 along the stepping oblong holes 18 at the lower end of the U-shaped ring plate 17 (as shown in fig. 2, the roots of tall crops are usually thicker and far away according to the moment, and usually the roots of crops are usually higher in strength just coming out of the soil surface, so that the equipment can be started smoothly), the trigger rod 21 moves backwards to enable the coaxial stepping gear 22 to move on the stepping rack 19, so that the stepping gear 22 rotates, the stepping gear 22 rotates to drive the trigger rod 21 to rotate, the trigger rod 21 rotates and moves towards the rear end of the equipment, the trigger rod 21 drives the circular ring plate 24 to move towards the rear end of the equipment when moving backwards, and meanwhile, the limiting slide block 25 at the upper end of the circular ring plate 24 moves towards the rear end of the equipment along the slide groove 26 at the lower end of the material separating plate 20 (as shown in fig. 4 and 5, wherein the rotating shaft sleeve 23 compensates the action of the trigger rod 21 on the circular ring plate 24, so that the circular ring plate 24 can smoothly move towards the rear end of the equipment along the chute 26), at the same time, the rotation of the trigger rod 21 drives the driving bevel gear 34 to rotate, the driving bevel gear 34 rotates to drive the driving bevel gear 33 at the lower end of the driving bevel gear to rotate, the driving bevel gear 33 rotates to drive the lead screw 31 to rotate on the outer wall of the circular ring plate 24, the lead screw 31 rotates in the compensation nut 30 to drive the sliding rod 28 to move downwards along the open-close slotted hole 27 on the side wall of the circular ring plate 24, when the upper end of the circular ring plate 24 touches the steel ball 38 at the lower end of the closing plate 37, the circular ring plate 24 pushes the closing plate 37 to open and slide along the inner wall of the slotted sliding cavity 36 against the elastic force of the spring rod 40 as the carrier continues to move, at this time, the fertilizer passes through the feeding hole 35 and enters the cone formed by the conical plates 29, and at the same time, the sliding rod 28 continues to descend to make the two conical plates 29 move downwards and prick into the soil beside the rootstock (as shown in figures 4 and 5, because the trigger rod 21 is kept relatively still by the action of the plant rootstocks all the time, the vertical position of the conical plate 29 can be kept unchanged when the carrier moves, as the carrier continues to move, the conical plate 29 continues to descend, after the conical plate 29 penetrates into the soil, the outer end of the sliding rod 28 contacts with the opening mandril 32, so that one end of the sliding rod 28 close to the circular ring plate 24 continues to descend (as shown in fig. 5, the compensation nut 30 is used for compensating the rotation of the conical plate 29, the resulting angle difference between the sliding rod 28 and the lead screw 31 is avoided, and the occurrence of the blocking phenomenon of the equipment is avoided), so that the two conical plates 29 are opened, the fertilizer in the conical plates 29 is released into the soil, as the carrier continues to move, the stepping gear 22 is meshed with the other group of stepping racks 19 in the opposite directions, so that the trigger rod 21 is reversely rotated, so that the conical plates 29 are closed and ascend (as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the specific process is opposite to the fertilizing process and is not described herein), the circular ring plate 24 extrudes the steel balls 38 to enable the closing plate 37 to compress the spring rods 40 to the limit state, at the moment, the steel balls 38 overcome the elastic force of the compression springs 39 to slide upwards into the closing plate 37, so that the circular ring plate 24 slides from the lower end, the closing plate 37 starts to rebound under the action of the spring rods 40 to close the feeding holes 35, at the same time, the other end of the circular ring plate 24 triggers the closing plate 37 to move again, so that the fertilizer falls into the holes which are just fertilized to be applied for secondary application, thereby increasing the fertilizer application amount in each height in the soil, enabling the fertilization to be more uniform, when the triggering rod 21 moves to the rear end of the device, the motor 10 is started to rotate around the reversing gear 13, so that the hanging rod 12 inclines to the other side to be close to plants at the other point of the row spacing, simultaneously motor output gear passes through the rotatory one hundred eighty degrees of change gear drive rotation gear 15, thereby make the U link plate 17 of lower extreme also rotatory one hundred eighty degrees, thereby make trigger bar 21 convert to the other end front side, the carrier continues to move forward can (thereby accomplish the fertilization work of opposite side, and this equipment has only carried out crisscross fertilization about the line interval, carry two same equipment and fertilize simultaneously about can going on, and can jolt the fertilizer in the equipment when U link plate 17 rotates, make fertilizer not caking.

Claims (10)

1. An intelligent agricultural fertilization system, including a self-transmitting sleeve (14), characterized in that: the automatic conveying device is characterized in that a discharging barrel (16) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of a self-conveying sleeve (14), a U-shaped ring plate (17) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the lower end of the self-conveying sleeve (14) through a support, a long stepping long circular hole (18) is formed in the two side walls of the lower end of the U-shaped ring plate (17), two stepping racks (19) symmetrical about the central axis of the U-shaped ring plate (17) are fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the U-shaped ring plate (18) at the edge of the stepping long circular hole (18), a material separating plate (20) is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the middle side wall of the U-shaped ring plate (17), a trigger rod (21) is sleeved in the stepping long circular hole (18), one end of the trigger rod (21) far exceeds the side wall of the U-shaped ring plate (17), two stepping gears (22) meshed with the stepping racks (19) are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the trigger rod (21) in the middle of the U-shaped ring plate (17), a circular ring plate (24) is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the trigger rod (21) through a rotating shaft sleeve (23), the annular plate (24) upper end is fixed and is provided with two symmetrical limiting slide blocks (25), limiting slide blocks (25) slide and are arranged on the inner wall of a sliding groove (26) formed in the lower end of the material separating plate (20), and a fertilizing mechanism (2) used for inserting soil for fertilizing is arranged inside the annular plate (24).

2. An intelligent agricultural fertilization system according to claim 1, wherein: the fertilizing mechanism (2) comprises two symmetrical conical plates (29), an opening and closing long circular hole (27) is symmetrically formed in the side wall of a circular plate (24), two sliding rods (28) are arranged on the side wall of the opening and closing long circular hole (27) in a sliding mode, one end, located inside the circular plate (24), of each sliding rod (28) is fixedly provided with a half conical plate (29) with a downward pointed end, a compensation nut (30) is arranged at the outer end of the circular plate (24) in a vertically rotating mode in the middle of each sliding rod (28) in a rotating mode, a lead screw (31) is screwed in the middle of each compensation nut (30), the lead screw (31) is rotatably arranged on the outer side wall of the circular plate (24) through a support, an opening ejector rod (32) used for blocking each sliding rod (28) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the circular plate (24) close to the lower side of the edge of the opening and closing long circular hole (27), and a driving bevel gear (33) is coaxially and fixedly arranged at the upper end of the lead screw (31), the outer end of the driving bevel gear (33) is engaged with a driving bevel gear (34), the driving bevel gear (34) is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the trigger rod (21), and a discharging mechanism (3) for discharging is arranged in the middle of the material separating plate (20) positioned at the lower end of the self-transmission sleeve (14).

3. An intelligent agricultural fertilization system according to claim 2, wherein: discharge mechanism (3) are including separating flitch (20), it has seted up feeding hole (35) to separate flitch (20) intermediate position, be close to feeding hole (35) edge separate flitch (20) inside long smooth chamber (36) of having seted up, it is provided with closing plate (37) to slide in long smooth chamber (36), the cavity in the middle of closing plate (37) slides downwards and is provided with steel ball (38), it is fixed between steel ball (38) and closing plate (37) to be provided with compression spring (39), close fixed spring lever (40) that are provided with in board (37) both ends, the fixed setting in long smooth chamber (36) inner wall of other one end of spring lever (40), separate flitch (20) lower extreme and offer the slotted hole that is used for the steel ball to dodge (38).

4. An intelligent agricultural fertilization system according to claim 3, wherein: including hanging switching mechanism (1), motor (10) and mount frame (11), its characterized in that: the automatic transmission device is characterized in that a mounting rod (12) is fixedly and rotatably arranged at the front end of the mounting frame (11), a reversing gear (13) is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the mounting rod (12), the reversing gear (13) is meshed with the outer side of an output gear on an output shaft of a motor (10), one end, far away from the mounting rod (12), of the mounting frame (11) is rotatably provided with an autorotation sleeve (14), the autorotation sleeve (14) is coaxially and fixedly connected with an autorotation gear (15), and the outer side of the autorotation gear (15) is connected with the outer side of the output gear on the output shaft of the motor (10) through transmission of a speed change gear.

5. An intelligent agricultural fertilization system according to claim 4, wherein: the middle of the material separating plate (20) is provided with a concave plate with lower part and two higher sides.

6. An intelligent agricultural fertilization system according to claim 5, wherein: the coaxial fixedly connected with of trigger bar (21) outer wall friction pulley (41) of two symmetries, U crown plate (17) upper end lateral wall rotates and is connected with a plurality of equidistance prevent pole (42), several with the end prevent that pole (42) pass the coaxial fixed one-way wheel (43) in outside both ends outer wall of U crown plate (17), the one-way wheel outer pot head is equipped with friction belt (44), friction belt (44) outer end contacts with friction pulley (41), is located U crown plate (17) inboard prevent that pole (42) outer wall is fixed and is provided with brush (45).

7. An intelligent agricultural fertilization system according to claim 6, wherein: the inner wall of the stepping long round hole (18) is made of antifriction materials.

8. An intelligent agricultural fertilization system according to claim 7, wherein: the motor (10) adopts a speed reducing motor.

9. An intelligent agricultural fertilization system according to claim 8, wherein: the long end of the trigger rod (21) is sleeved with a rubber block.

10. An intelligent agricultural fertilization method, which is suitable for the intelligent agricultural fertilization system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific operation steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the fertilizer applying equipment is filled with needed fertilizer, and the equipment adopts a single loading hopper, so that the fertilizer is supplied singly, and the loading is more convenient and faster;

step two: the fertilizing equipment is hung on the carrier, the carrier is used for dragging the fertilizing equipment to move, and the device uses the external carrier, so that the long-time placement of mechanical resources is avoided, and the resources are wasted;

step three: the fertilizing equipment is started to move around the roots of crops, so that a trigger device in the equipment is in contact with the roots of the plants, the fixed-point accurate fertilization is realized, and the high efficiency of the fertilizer is ensured;

step four: and after the fertilization is finished, cleaning the fertilization equipment and storing.

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