CN114174749B

CN114174749B - Drying device

Info

Publication number: CN114174749B
Application number: CN202180004561.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 远藤弘毅; 林星辰
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Environmental and Chemical Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Environmental and Chemical Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-12
Filing date: 2021-10-22
Publication date: 2022-07-29
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-22
Also published as: CN114174749A

Abstract

The drying device (1) comprises: a housing (2) having an inlet (2b) at the front thereof into which a water-containing substance (P) is introduced; a plurality of rotating shafts (3) provided so as to be rotatable about an axis (O1) of the housing (2) extending from the front to the rear; a plurality of discs (4) which are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft (3) at intervals and collect the water-containing material (P) with a predetermined water content; a discharge port (2c) which is provided on the bottom surface of the rear part of the housing (2) and which discharges the water-containing substance (P); and a movable weir (10) which is disposed at the tip of the discharge port (2c) and which is provided with a first shielding plate (11) having a recessed portion shape in which the end on the rotating shaft (3) side is formed so as to follow a part of the outer peripheral shape of the rotating shaft (3). The first shutter (11) is movable between a restricting position protruding toward the rotary shaft (3) to restrict the discharge of the water-containing substance (P) to the discharge port (2c) and a non-restricting position located in the discharge port (2c) to restrict the discharge of the water-containing substance (P).

Description

Drying device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a drying apparatus which is provided with a multi-axis, particularly two-axis or four-axis, rotating shaft and which heats and stirs a water-containing substance.

Background

Conventionally, a drying apparatus has been known which heats a water-containing substance, which is a substance to be treated such as various biomass and waste (sludge), to convert the substance into a powder and discharge the powder. For example, patent document 1 discloses a drying device including: an inlet for feeding the hydrous matter, two sets of rotary shaft groups, a pair of side discharge ports for discharging the hydrous matter dried into powder and granular bodies, and a bottom discharge port for discharging the hydrous matter insufficiently dried. In this drying apparatus, when the water-containing substance is dried into the powder or granule, the powder or granule is discharged from the pair of side discharge ports, and when the water-containing substance is not dried into the powder or granule, the powder or granule is discharged from the bottom discharge port around which the weir is not formed and returned to the inlet. That is, the insufficiently dried water-containing material is not discharged to the outside of the apparatus, but is charged into the inlet, and therefore only the sufficiently dried powder or granule is discharged from the side discharge port.

Prior art documents

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent No. 6260071

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

Conventionally, as in patent document 1, a hydrous matter is discharged after being dried to a powder or granule having a water content of about 30% or less, but depending on the properties of the hydrous matter and the case of post-treatment such as incineration, there is a demand for discharging a hydrous matter having a water content of about 60%. Since a hydrous matter such as sludge has a high viscosity at a water content of about 60%, in a structure in which powder and granular materials are discharged from a side discharge port as in the drying device of patent document 1, the hydrous matter having a high viscosity accumulates on the side to block the discharge port, and the hydrous matter cannot be discharged to the outside of the casing. In addition, in a configuration in which a discharge port for removing a water-containing substance that has not been dried is provided on the bottom surface and no weir is provided around the discharge port, a water-containing substance having a higher water content than 60% and having fluidity may be mixed and discharged when the water-containing substance is discharged, and therefore, a drying apparatus having a new configuration for discharging a water-containing substance having a predetermined water content (of about 60%) is required.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a drying device that conveys a hydrous matter having a high viscosity within a predetermined range of water content to a discharge port and discharges the hydrous matter at a predetermined water content.

Means for solving the problems

The drying device of the present invention comprises: a housing having an inlet at the front thereof for introducing a water-containing substance; a plurality of rotary shafts provided to be rotatable about an axis of the housing extending from the front portion to the rear portion; a plurality of disks which are disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft at intervals and which collect the water-containing substance having a predetermined water content; a discharge port provided in a bottom surface of the rear portion of the housing, the discharge port discharging the water-containing substance; and a movable weir disposed at a front end of the discharge port, and including a first shielding plate having a concave portion shape in which an end portion on the rotation shaft side is formed along a part of an outer peripheral shape of the rotation shaft.

The first shutter is movable between a restricting position protruding toward the rotary shaft to restrict discharge of the water-containing substance to the discharge port, and a non-restricting position located within the discharge port to restrict discharge of the water-containing substance.

The movable weir further includes a discharge adjustment mechanism provided on a side of the discharge port and capable of projecting and moving from a side surface of the housing toward the rotary shaft on a side close to the side surface.

Effects of the invention

According to the present invention, the hydrous matter having a high viscosity within a predetermined range of water content can be conveyed to the discharge port and discharged at a predetermined water content.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the drying device according to the first and second embodiments, as viewed from the side.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the drying device according to the first embodiment as viewed from above.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a rotary shaft and a disk housed in the drying device of the first embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the drying device according to the first embodiment as viewed from the axial direction (sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 2).

Fig. 5 is a sectional view (sectional view in the direction of B-B in fig. 2) of the drying device according to the first embodiment when viewed from the axial direction.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the drying device according to the first embodiment as viewed from the axial direction (a sectional view taken along line C-C in fig. 2).

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the discharge adjustment mechanism housed in the drying device according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the drying device according to the second embodiment as viewed from above.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the drying device according to the second embodiment as viewed from the axial direction (sectional view taken along line D-D in fig. 8).

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the drying device according to the second embodiment as viewed from the axial direction (sectional view taken along line E-E in fig. 8).

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the properties of a water-containing material.

Fig. 12 is a modification of the second shielding plate of the drying apparatus shown in fig. 9.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, the drying apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 12. The structures and the like shown below are merely examples, and are not intended to exclude the application of various modifications and techniques that are not explicitly shown. The respective configurations shown in the embodiment and the modification can be variously modified and implemented without departing from the gist thereof. The respective configurations may be selected as necessary or appropriately combined as necessary in addition to the essential constituent elements of the present invention.

The drying apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus for discharging a hydrated substance P having a high viscosity within a predetermined water content range by drying (reducing the water content) a fluidized hydrated substance P such as various biomass or waste materials, such as sewage sludge, factory drain sludge, food waste/kitchen waste, feces sludge, livestock feces, and plant juice residue, while stirring and transporting the fluidized hydrated substance P.

The drying device of the present invention has a discharge port in the bottom surface of the casing and a movable weir for restricting the discharge of the water-containing substance P before the water-containing substance P in the vicinity of the discharge port has a predetermined water content, in order to discharge the water-containing substance P having a high viscosity within a predetermined water content range from the casing.

First, as a first embodiment, an overall configuration of a drying device including two rotating shafts is described, and then, a characteristic configuration of the present invention will be described in detail. In the second embodiment, a drying device including four-axis rotating shafts will be described in detail, focusing on a configuration different from that of the first embodiment.

(first embodiment)

[1. integral Structure of drying apparatus ]

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the drying device 1 of the present embodiment includes: a housing 2 which is a container having a groove 2a having a substantially U-shaped cross section; a jacket 9 for heating the housing 2 (and hence the water-containing substance P); a plurality of rotary shafts 3 provided so as to penetrate through the casing 2 from a front part Xf (upstream side in the transport direction of the water-containing material P) to a rear part Xr (downstream side in the transport direction of the water-containing material P) in the front-rear direction X, and provided to be rotatable about an axis O1 by a rotary drive device 8 such as a motor; and a plurality of disks 4 each having an inner peripheral end connected to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 3, protruding in the radial direction of the center of the axis O1 of the rotary shaft 3, and extending in the circumferential direction to form a substantially fan shape.

The housing 2 includes an inlet 2b for introducing the water-containing substance P in a top surface of the front portion Xf and a discharge port 2c for discharging the water-containing substance P in a bottom surface of the rear portion Xr, and the front portion Xf is disposed above the rear portion Xr so as to be inclined at a predetermined inclination angle together with the rotary shaft 3.

The inlet 2b is formed by connecting a pipe, a duct, or the like for introducing the water-containing substance P to an opening formed in a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a rectangular shape, or the like in a plan view. The moisture content of the water-containing substance P when it is introduced through the inlet 2b is about 80%.

On the other hand, the discharge port 2c is configured by connecting a duct, or the like for discharging the water-containing substance P to an opening formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view. The moisture content of the water-containing substance P at the time of discharge from the discharge port 2c is about 60%. The drying device 1 has two rotating shafts 3 arranged in parallel inside a casing 2. The two rotary shafts 3 are rotatable in opposite directions to each other and rotatable in the same direction. Normally, the two rotary shafts 3 rotate in the same direction when viewed from the direction of the axis O1. That is, one of the rotary shafts 3A rotates in a direction in which the upper portion thereof moves toward the other rotary shaft 3B, and the other rotary shaft 3B rotates in a direction in which the upper portion thereof moves away from the one rotary shaft 3A.

Two disks 4 are provided at the same position in the direction of the axis O1 of each rotary shaft 3, with a predetermined gap (flow opening) therebetween in the circumferential direction of the center of the axis O1. The disks 4 are arranged in a plurality of stages at predetermined intervals in the direction of the axis O1 from the front part Xf to the rear part Xr, with two disks 4 arranged at the same position in the direction of the axis O1 as one stage. At this time, a predetermined gap formed between the two disks 4 of each stage serves as a flow path opening 5 for allowing the water-containing substance P to flow from the front portion Xf to the rear portion Xr of the casing 2. Although not shown, the rotary shaft 3 and the disc 4 are formed in a hollow shape, and a heating fluid such as steam, heat transfer oil, or warm water is circulated therein to heat the water-containing substance P in contact therewith.

The disks 4A provided on one of the two rotary shafts 3 and the disks 4B provided on the other rotary shaft 3B are alternately arranged with a predetermined gap in the direction of the axis O1. The disk 4A provided on one of the rotary shafts 3A and the disk 4B provided on the other rotary shaft 3B are arranged such that the disk 4A and the disk 4B partially overlap in the radial direction when viewed from the direction of the axis O1 when the two rotary shafts 3 rotate, respectively. That is, the disk 4A provided on one of the rotary shafts 3A can pass between the disks 4B of the respective stages provided on the other rotary shaft 3B, and the disk 4B provided on the other rotary shaft 3B can also pass between the disks 4A of the respective stages provided on the one rotary shaft 3A.

The disk 4A provided on one of the rotating shafts 3A and the disk 4B provided on the other rotating shaft 3B are formed in wedge shapes extending in the circumferential direction and having widths that become narrower toward the front in the rotating direction when viewed from the outside in the radial direction.

Each of the disks 4 adjacent in the direction of the axis O1 has opposing portions 4f opposing each other in the direction of the axis O1 on a side surface 4e which is an inclined surface forming a wedge shape. The disks 4 adjacent to each other in the direction of the axis O1 are arranged so as to be shifted in phase with each other in the circumferential direction of the rotary shaft 3. More specifically, the disks 4 of the stages adjacent in the direction of the axis O1 are arranged with a phase shift in the circumferential direction.

The disk 4 disposed in the range from the discharge port 2c to the downstream side may be rectangular in shape having the same width in the rotational direction when viewed from the radially outer side, instead of being wedge-shaped.

The disk 4 includes stirring portions protruding to both sides in the direction of the axis O1. The stirring section includes a first stirring section 6 and a second stirring section 7 which are disposed at different positions in the rotation direction. One disk 4A includes a first stirring section 6A and a second stirring section 7A, and the other disk 4B includes a first stirring section 6B and a second stirring section 7B.

For example, a first stirring section 6 is provided at the rear end portion of each disk 4 in the rotation direction, and a second stirring section 7 is provided at the middle portion of the disk in the rotation direction forward of the first stirring section 6. The second stirring section 7 is preferably disposed so as to correspond to the disposition of the first stirring section 6 of the adjacent disk 4.

The first stirring portion 6 and the second stirring portion 7 are formed so as to protrude toward the facing portions 4f of the disks 4 adjacent in the axis O1 direction. The second stirring portions 7 are arranged in the same phase with the first stirring portions 6 of the disks 4 adjacent to each other in the direction of the axis O1 so that the ends thereof face each other.

The first stirring section 6 and the second stirring section 7 have

surfaces

6f and 7f facing forward in the rotation direction at portions formed to protrude on both sides in the direction of the axis O1, respectively. The first stirring section 6 and the second stirring section 7 can engage with the highly viscous water-containing substance P existing between the trays 4 adjacent to each other in the direction of the axis O1 by the

surfaces

6f and 7f facing forward in the rotation direction. Thereby, the plurality of trays 4 collect the water-containing substance P having a predetermined water content. That is, the highly fluid water-containing substance P introduced from the inlet port 2b is indirectly heated by the heat medium (steam) passing through the rotary shaft 3 and the housing 2 while being stirred by the rotary shaft 3 and the disk 4, and is discharged from the outlet port 2c after being reduced to a predetermined water content (about 60%) to become a highly viscous water-containing substance P.

[2. main part Structure of drying apparatus ]

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the drying device 1 includes a movable weir 10, which is a movable weir having a function of restricting the inflow of the water-containing substance P, in addition to the casing 2, the plurality of rotary shafts 3, the plurality of disks 4, and the discharge port 2c of the casing 2, and the movable weir 10 is disposed at the tip of the discharge port 2c and includes a first shielding plate 11 having a concave shape in which the end on the rotary shaft 3 side is formed along a part of the outer peripheral shape of the rotary shaft 3.

As shown in fig. 5, the first shielding plate 11 is a plate-like member that closes a space between the pair of rotary shafts 3 and a space near the center in the width direction W of the spaces below the rotary shafts 3 at the distal end side of the discharge port 2 c. The concave portions are provided on both sides in the width direction W of an end portion (upper end portion) of the first shielding plate 11 on the rotation shaft 3 side. That is, the first shielding plate 11 has a shape in which two upper corners of a rectangle are cut into substantially circular arcs, as viewed from the direction of the axis O1. The width direction W is a direction orthogonal to both the vertical direction and the front-rear direction X.

The first shutter 11 is located at the front end of the discharge port 2c and is configured to be movable between a restricting position H1 protruding toward the rotary shaft 3 to restrict discharge of the water-containing substance P to the discharge port 2c and a non-restricting position H2 located inside the discharge port 2c to not restrict discharge of the water-containing substance P.

The first shielding plate 11 is connected to a lower end of a support member 12 provided to penetrate through an upper surface of the housing 2, and is configured to be movable in the vertical direction by a driving device (lifting device) 13 disposed above the housing 2 and supporting an upper end of the support member 12. The first shielding plate 11 may be divided into a plurality of parts and may be individually movable.

With this configuration, the hydrous matter P having a high viscosity within a predetermined range of the water content can be conveyed to the discharge port 2c, dried to a predetermined water content, and discharged. Further, since the highly viscous water-containing substance P is accumulated from the movable weir 10 to the upstream side (front side Xf) in the transport direction of the water-containing substance P to form a weir, the water-containing substance P having an unspecified water content can be prevented from being mixed and discharged from the discharge port 2 c. Further, since the treatment is performed in a state where the water content is high, even when the water-containing substance P contains a large amount of abrasive substances, abrasion of the disk 4 and the like of the drying device 1 can be suppressed, and the amount of dust generated accompanying the drying can be suppressed.

The limit position H1 of the first shielding plate 11 is located between a height Hb of the bottom surface of the housing 2 and a highest height Ht of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 3. In the figure 5, height H of axis O1 of rotary shaft 3 _o The limit position H1 is set between the highest height Ht of the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 3 and the maximum height Ht. In other words, as shown by the solid line in fig. 5, the first shielding plate 11 is disposed such that its upper surface reaches the restricting position H1 when it rises to the highest position.

On the other hand, the non-restricting position H2 of the first shielding plate 11 is a position at which the discharge of the water containing substance P is not restricted, and is, for example, a height Hb of the bottom surface of the housing 2 at a position at which the first shielding plate 11 is disposed. In other words, as shown by the two-dot chain line in fig. 5, the first shielding plate 11 is disposed such that its upper surface reaches the non-restricting position H2 when lowered to the lowermost position.

When the first shutter 11 is located at the limit position H1, the water content P is discharged from the discharge port 2c only across the first shutter 11. In contrast, in the case where the first shielding plate 11 is located at the non-restricting position H2, the water content P is discharged without restriction.

By setting the range in which the discharge of the water containing substance P is restricted by the first shielding plate 11 to be between the height Hb of the bottom surface of the housing 2 and the highest height Ht of the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 3, the discharge of the water containing substance P having a non-predetermined water content is restricted, and the water containing substance P having a predetermined water content accumulated is collected by the tray 4 and discharged from a position higher than the rotary shaft 3. Therefore, the discharge-restricted water-containing substance P can be prevented from being accumulated and stuck to the first shielding plate 11 and being clogged to such an extent that the water-containing substance P cannot be discharged. Further, the first shielding plate 11 restricts only the water-containing substance P, and since the discharge of moisture evaporated from the water-containing substance P is not restricted, the drying efficiency is not lowered.

As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the movable weir 10 of the drying device 1 further includes a discharge adjustment mechanism 14, and the discharge adjustment mechanism 14 is provided on a side of the discharge port 2c and is movable to project from the side surface 2d of the casing 2 toward the rotary shaft 3 on the side close to the side surface 2 d. The discharge adjustment mechanism 14 is a mechanism in which a plurality of members are disposed in the front-rear direction X on each of the two side surfaces 2d of the casing 2, and guides the water containing substance P to the center of the discharge port 2c to adjust the discharge of the water containing substance P.

As shown in fig. 2, 6, and 7, for example, the discharge adjustment mechanism 14 includes: a movable member 14a that projects from the side surface 2d of the housing 2 toward the rotary shaft 3; a support shaft 14b having one end connected to the movable member 14 a; a drive device 14c provided at the other end of the support shaft 14 b; and an additional housing 14d that houses a second shutter 15 and a movable member 14a described later.

The end surface of the movable member 14a on the side of the rotating shaft 3 is formed in a recessed shape (for example, a curved shape) along the outer peripheral shape of the rotating shaft 3, and is brought close to the outer peripheral shape of the rotating shaft 3 to form a small gap in a state of being most protruded from the side surface 2d of the housing 2. The upper surface of the movable member 14a is provided at a position higher than the highest height Ht of the outer periphery of the rotation shaft 3, for example. This allows the movable member 14a to guide the discharge of the water-containing substance P that has passed over the first shutter 11.

The support shaft 14b is driven to rotate by the driving device 14c, thereby moving the movable member 14a from the side surface 2d to the side of the rotating shaft 3. As shown by the two-dot chain line in fig. 6, the support shaft 14b and the driving device 14c draw the movable member 14a into the additional housing 14 d. In fig. 6, the operation of only one of the movable members 14a on both sides is shown by a two-dot chain line, but the other movable member 14a can also move similarly.

An opening through which the movable member 14a can move is provided in a portion of the side surface 2d of the housing 2, which is located on the side of the discharge port 2 c. The additional housing 14d is, for example, a hollow hexahedron with one open surface. The additional housing 14d is attached to the housing 2 so that one surface thereof that is open faces the outer surface of the housing 2, and communicates with the internal space of the housing 2 via the open surface. Thereby, the movable member 14a can move in and out of the casing 2 inside the additional casing 14 d. The support shaft 14b penetrates a side surface of the additional housing 14d facing the opening, and the driving device 14c is provided at an end of the penetrated support shaft 14b (outside the additional housing 14 d).

By providing the discharge adjustment mechanism 14 which can project and move from the side surface 2d of the housing 2 on the side of the discharge port 2c in this way, the water-containing substance P which is going to move toward the side surface 2d of the housing 2 can be guided to the center side of the discharge port 2c, and the water-containing substance P having high viscosity can be prevented from adhering to and accumulating on the side surface 2d of the housing 2.

As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the movable weir 10 of the drying apparatus 1 further includes second shielding plates 15 disposed on both sides of the first shielding plate 11. The second shutter 15 is formed in a concave shape in which an end portion on the rotation shaft 3 side is along a part of the outer peripheral shape of the rotation shaft 3, and is movable between a second limit position W1 at which it protrudes from the side surface 2d of the housing 2 toward the rotation shaft 3 to limit the discharge of the water-containing substance P to the discharge port 2c, and a second non-limit position W2 at which it does not limit the discharge of the water-containing substance P to the discharge port 2 c.

The highest upper end surface of the second shielding plate 15, that is, the portion that does not follow the outer shape of the first shielding plate 11 and the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 3 (the upper portion on the outer side in the width direction W) may be located higher than the limit position H1 of the first shielding plate 11, for example, between the limit position H1 of the first shielding plate 11 and the highest height Hd of the outer periphery of the disk 4. Thus, while the second shutter 15 is located at the second limit position W1, only the water-containing substance P that has passed over the first shutter 11 can be discharged from the discharge port 2 c.

The second shielding plate 15 is connected to one end of the support member 16 provided through the side surface of the additional housing 14d on the side of the rotating shaft 3, for example, and is configured to be movable in the width direction W by a driving device 17 disposed on the side of the additional housing 14d and supporting the other end of the support member 16.

The second limit position W1 of the second shield plate 15 is a position of the end surface of the first shield plate 11 in the width direction W. In other words, the second shielding plate 15 is disposed such that the end surface on the center side thereof is located at the second limit position W1 when protruding to the position farthest from the side surface 2d as shown by the solid line in fig. 5.

On the other hand, the second non-limiting position W2 of the second shielding plate 15 is a position at which the discharge of the water-containing substance P is not limited, and is, for example, a position of an opening in the side surface 2d of the housing 2 or a position inside the additional housing 14 d. In other words, the second shielding plate 15 is provided such that its end face on the center side is located at the second non-limiting position W2 when it is drawn into a position farthest from the rotary shaft 3 as shown by the two-dot chain line in fig. 5. In fig. 5, the operation of only one of the two second shielding plates 15 is shown by a two-dot chain line, but the other second shielding plate 15 can be moved similarly.

When the second shutter 15 is located at the second limit position W1, the water content P is discharged from the discharge port 2c only across the first shutter 11. Conversely, when the second shutter 15 is located at the second non-limiting position W2, the water-containing substance P is also discharged from the side of the first shutter 11. As the second shielding plate 15, the discharge adjustment mechanism 14 may be disposed on the side surface of the first shielding plate 11 instead of the second shielding plate 15.

In this way, by further providing the second shielding plate 15 on both sides of the first shielding plate 11, even if the size of the discharge port 2c is limited by the gantry or the like, the discharge of the water-containing substance P from the side of the first shielding plate 11 can be limited. Therefore, the water-containing substance P having a predetermined moisture content can be appropriately discharged to the discharge port 2 c.

As shown in fig. 1, the drying apparatus 1 further includes: a water content meter 21 disposed in the vicinity of the movable weir 10 and measuring the water content of the water-containing substance P; and a control device 20 for controlling the amount of the water-containing substance P to be introduced into the introduction port 2b or the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 3. The controller 20 is an electronic controller (computer) equipped with a processor, a timer, and a storage device (all not shown), and controls the amount of the water-containing material P to be fed, the rotation speed of the rotary shaft 3, and the positions of the first shutter 11 and the second shutter 15 based on the water content measured by the water content meter 21. The moisture content meter 21 is provided at the bottom of the casing 2 in the vicinity of the movable weir 10, and transmits the measured moisture content to the control device 20.

Here, the properties of the water-containing substance P to be charged will be described with reference to fig. 11. Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a drying apparatus 1' according to a second embodiment to be described later, but the properties of the water-containing material P are also the same in the first embodiment. The properties of the water-containing substance P in the casing 2' shown in FIG. 11 are, in order from the upstream, a fluid state having a water content of about 80%, large blocks having a water content of about 60 to 70%, medium blocks having a water content of about 60 to 70%, and powder and granular material having a water content of about 30%. The water-containing substance P having a water content of 60 to 70% has a high viscosity and is collected by the tray 4 to be transported as large and medium blocks. On the other hand, the water-containing substance P having a water content of 80% or more and the water-containing substance P having a water content of about 30% have high fluidity and do not form a lump, and therefore, the water-containing substance P is not collected by the tray 4 and discharged.

The drying apparatus 1 of the present invention discharges the water-containing substance P having a high viscosity within a predetermined range of water content from the discharge port 2c by utilizing the properties of the water-containing substance P. The specific discharge method is as follows.

First, in an initial stage, in a closed state in which the first shield plate 11 and the second shield plate 15 are close to the respective rotary shafts 3 and the concave portions of the

respective shield plates

11 and 15 are arranged at positions substantially free from gaps with respect to the lower portion of the rotary shaft 3, the water-containing substance P is introduced from the inlet port 2 b. The water-containing substance P to be charged is fluid with a water content of about 80%. The water-containing substance P is indirectly heated by the heat medium (steam) passing through the rotary shaft 3, the disk 4, and the housing 2 while being stirred by the rotary shaft 3 and the disk 4, and the water-containing substance P having a lower water content starts to accumulate in the vicinity of the first shielding plate 11 (initial stage after the water-containing substance P is charged).

In the next initial stage, the water-containing substance P is continuously fed, and the water-containing substance P having a predetermined water content (60 to 70%) is collected by the tray 4 and accumulated upward in the vicinity of the first shielding plate 11. Therefore, only the water-containing substance P having a predetermined water content passes over the first shielding plate 11 and is discharged from the discharge port 2 c. The controller 20 measures the moisture content by the moisture content meter 21 and moves the shielding

plates

11 and 15 in a direction away from the rotating shafts 3, thereby adjusting the opening degree of the movable weir 10 in stages so that the water-containing substance P that does not reach a predetermined moisture content is not discharged. Further, the water-containing material P whose water content is gradually reduced by heating is accumulated in the casing 2 from the movable weir 10 toward the upstream to form a weir (initial stage at the time of stabilization).

The opening degree of the movable weir 10 is a ratio (%) of a remaining area obtained by subtracting an area blocked by the first shutter 11 and the second shutter 15 from a fully opened area to an area (fully opened area) when viewed from the axis O1 direction in a fully opened state where the first shutter 11 is pulled into the non-restricting position H2 and the second shutter 15 is pulled into the second non-restricting position W2, that is, a state where the water-containing substance P is discharged without any restriction. The opening degree of the movable weir 10 may be expressed as a gate opening degree, and the discharge of the water-containing material P is more easily performed as the gate opening degree is larger, and the discharge of the water-containing material P is more restricted as the gate opening degree is smaller.

For example, when the moisture content P having a moisture content of 60% is discharged, if the moisture content measured by the moisture content meter 21 is less than 70%, the

shutter plates

11 and 15 are moved to start adjustment of the gate opening. The gate opening degree corresponding to the water content ratio can be adjusted as follows, for example. By gradually increasing the gate opening as the moisture content approaches the predetermined moisture content, the discharge of the water-containing substance P having an unspecified moisture content accumulated in the bottom portion can be prevented.

Water content count value: 70%, gate opening degree: 0 percent of

Water content count value: 69%, gate opening: 20 percent of

Water content count value: 68%, gate opening degree: 40 percent of

Water content count value: 66%, gate opening degree: 60 percent of

Water content count value: 64%, gate opening degree: 80 percent of

Water content count value: 62%, gate opening degree: 100 percent

During the normal operation, the controller 20 may maintain the open state in which the

shielding plates

11 and 15 are disposed at positions at which the discharge of the water-containing substance P is not restricted, when determining that the water-containing substance P in the vicinity of the first shielding plate 11 has a predetermined water content. Thereby, the water-containing substance P having a predetermined water content is discharged from the discharge port 2 c. In addition, the controller 20 may move the movable weir 10 to restrict the discharge of the water content P when the water content ratio is changed.

The controller 20 keeps the movable weir 10 in the open state at the stop stage of stopping the operation of the drying device 1, stops the supply of the water-containing substance P and the supply of the steam, moves the movable weir 10, discharges the remaining water-containing substance P from the discharge port 2c while adjusting the water content, and then closes the movable weir 10.

The controller 20 uses the water content ratio (water content ratio count value) measured by the water content ratio meter 21, but instead of or in addition to this, may determine (estimate) the water content ratio of the water-containing substance P based on the residence time of the water-containing substance P, the torque of the rotary shaft 3, and the like.

The discharge adjustment mechanism 14 is configured to guide the water-containing substance P to the discharge port 2c in a closed state in which the recess holding the movable member 14a is disposed at a position substantially free from a gap with respect to the rotary shaft 3 during the introduction of the water-containing substance P. The movable member 14a of the discharge adjustment mechanism 14 may be continuously moved to one side and the other side in the width direction W, so that the water-containing substance P loaded on the movable member 14a may be dropped.

The rotation driving device 8 may rotate the rotary shafts 3 independently, and the water content of the water containing material P may be adjusted by the rotation speed of each rotary shaft 3. For example, a difference is given to the rotational speed so that the rotational speed of one of the rotating shafts 3A is higher than the rotational speed of the other rotating shaft 3B. By increasing the rotation speed of the side where the water-containing substance P is deposited, the drying efficiency of the water-containing substance P can be increased. That is, by increasing the rotation of the rotary shaft 3A, the speed of transporting the water-containing substance P to the rotary shaft 3B side is increased, and the stirring force can be increased. Further, by providing a rotational speed difference to a pair of rotary shafts 3, the overlapping range of the surfaces of the disks 4 of the adjacent rotary shafts 3 with each other is changed, and therefore the surfaces of the disks 4 can be cleaned by the effect of friction.

By controlling the amount of the water-containing substance P to be charged, the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 3, and the positions of the shielding

plates

11 and 15 in accordance with the water content of the water-containing substance P in this manner, the water-containing substance P collected in the tray 4 and having a predetermined water content can be appropriately discharged from the discharge port 2 c.

(second embodiment)

Hereinafter, a drying apparatus 1' according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 8 to 12. The same components as those in the first embodiment described above are denoted by the reference numerals in the first embodiment, and corresponding components are denoted by prime marks (') at the end of the reference numerals in the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described, and the same portions are only illustrated and their description will be omitted.

In the drying device 1 of the first embodiment, a case where two rotating shafts 3 are provided is described as an example, but the number of the rotating shafts 3 is not limited to two, and may be three or more.

As shown in fig. 8 to 12, the drying device 1' of the present embodiment includes four

rotating shafts

3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D.

Of the four rotary shafts 3, the two

rotary shafts

3A, 3B on one side in the width direction W of the housing 2' (the arrangement direction of the rotary shafts 3) rotate in the same direction when viewed from the axis O1 direction. The two

rotary shafts

3A and 3B rotate in a direction in which upper portions thereof move toward the center in the width direction W. In other words, the two

rotary shafts

3A and 3B rotate clockwise when viewed from the downstream side in the transport direction of the water-containing material P. Hereinafter, the pair of

adjacent rotary shafts

3A and 3B will be referred to as a first rotary shaft group 31.

Of the four rotary shafts 3, the two

rotary shafts

3C and 3D on the other side in the width direction W rotate in the same direction when viewed from the axis O1 direction. The two

rotary shafts

3C and 3D rotate in a direction in which the upper portions thereof move toward the center in the width direction W. In other words, the two

rotary shafts

3C and 3D rotate counterclockwise in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the first rotary shaft group 31 when viewed from the downstream side in the transport direction of the water containing material P. Hereinafter, the pair of

adjacent rotation shafts

3C and 3D will be referred to as a second rotation shaft group 32.

That is, of the four rotary shafts 3, the two

rotary shafts

3A and 3B on one side in the width direction W and the two

rotary shafts

3C and 3D on the other side in the width direction W rotate in opposite directions. The two

rotation shafts

3A and 3B on one side in the width direction W and the two

rotation shafts

3C and 3D on the other side in the width direction W rotate in a direction in which their upper portions approach each other. In the present embodiment, the first rotation axis group and the second rotation axis group may be arranged in a replaceable manner. That is, the disks disposed on the pair of adjacent rotating shafts of the same rotating shaft group may be tapered such that the width thereof becomes narrower toward the front in the rotating direction when viewed from the radial direction outside, and the two

rotating shafts

3A and 3B on one side in the width direction W and the two

rotating shafts

3C and 3D on the other side in the width direction W may rotate in a direction in which the upper portions thereof are distant from each other. By disposing the first rotary shaft group and the second rotary shaft group in a replaceable manner in this manner, the water-containing substance P is easily collected in the center of the housing 2, and therefore the water-containing substance P is easily discharged from the discharge port 2 c.

The disk 4A provided on the rotary shaft 3A of the first rotary shaft group 31 and the disk 4B provided on the rotary shaft 3B are arranged so as to overlap each other in the radial direction when viewed from the direction of the axis O1 when the

rotary shafts

3A, 3B are rotated, respectively.

Similarly, the disk 4C provided on the rotary shaft 3C of the second rotary shaft group 32 and the disk 4D provided on the rotary shaft 3D are arranged so as to overlap each other in the radial direction when viewed from the direction of the axis O1 when the

rotary shafts

3C and 3D are rotated, respectively.

On the other hand, the

disks

4B and 4C provided on the two

rotary shafts

3B and 3C located at the center in the width direction W out of the four rotary shafts 3 are arranged so as not to overlap each other in the radial direction when viewed from the axis O1 direction when the

rotary shafts

3B and 3C rotate, respectively. That is, a predetermined interval is provided between the rotation locus of the disk 4B and the rotation locus of the disk 4C.

That is, the rotation locus of the disk 4 does not overlap with the disk 4B provided on the rotation shaft 3B adjacent to the second rotation shaft group 32 out of the pair of

rotation shafts

3A, 3B of the first rotation shaft group 31 and the disk 4C provided on the rotation shaft 3C adjacent to the first rotation shaft group 31 out of the pair of

rotation shafts

3C, 3D of the second rotation shaft group 32 as viewed from the direction of the axis O1. In other words, the disk 4B does not pass between the disks 4C provided at the respective stages of the rotary shaft 3C, and the disk 4C does not pass between the disks 4B provided at the respective stages of the rotary shaft 3B.

According to the present embodiment, by increasing the number of shafts of the rotary shaft 3, the amount of the water-containing substance P to be treated can be increased without increasing the drying device 1' in the vertical direction.

Further, compared to the case where the rotation directions of the rotary shaft 3 are all the same, the moisture P is filled in the casing 2 'without being biased, and the drying efficiency is lowered, and the casing 2' can be prevented from being clogged with the moisture P.

As in the first embodiment, the drying device 1 'includes a movable weir 10', the movable weir 10 'being disposed at the tip of the discharge port 2c and including a first shielding plate 11' having a concave shape in which the end on the rotary shaft 3 side is formed along a part of the outer peripheral shape of the rotary shaft 3. The first shielding plate 11' is a plate-shaped member that closes off, at the tip end side of the discharge port 2C, a space between the adjacent rotary shafts 3, a space below the

rotary shafts

3B and 3C near the center in the width direction W, and a space near the center in the width direction W among spaces below the

rotary shafts

3A and 3D on the outer side in the width direction W.

However, since the drying device 1 'of the present embodiment has four rotary shafts 3, four concave portions are provided in the first shielding plate 11', as shown in fig. 9. The two recesses near the center in the width direction W are semicircular arc-shaped when viewed from the axis O1 direction, and the two recesses on the outer side in the width direction W are shaped by cutting two corners of the upper side of the rectangle into substantially arc-shaped shapes, respectively.

The restriction position H1 of the first shielding plate 11' is located between the height Hb of the bottom surface of the housing 2 and the highest height Ht of the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 3 (for example, substantially the same position as the height Ho of the axis O1 in fig. 9) similarly to the first shielding plate 11.

The movable weir 10 'is configured and movable in the same manner as the movable weir 10 of the first embodiment, except that the shape of the first shielding plate 11' is different.

Therefore, the drying device 1' of the present embodiment can also obtain the same operational effects as the first embodiment.

Since the drying device 1' includes the discharge adjustment mechanism 14, the second shutter 15, the control device 20, and the moisture content meter 21, which are similar to those of the first embodiment, the operational effects obtained by these configurations can be obtained similarly to the first embodiment.

Finally, a modification of the second shielding plate 15 will be described with reference to fig. 12. The configuration other than the second shielding plate 15 is the same as that of the drying apparatus 1' shown in fig. 9, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.

The second shielding plate 15 'shown in fig. 12 is formed in a shape that extends upward so as not to follow the outer shape of the first shielding plate 11' and the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 3 (upper portion on the outer side in the width direction W) and also extends in the width direction W so as to cover the upper portion of the nearest rotary shaft 3. Specifically, the highest upper end surface of the second shielding plate 15' is provided at approximately the same height Hd as the highest height Hd of the outer periphery of the disk 4, and is formed in a concave shape along the lower portions of the

rotating shafts

3A and 3D located on the outer side in the width direction W, and is provided so as to surround the periphery of each of the

rotating shafts

3A and 3D by half. This enables only the water-containing substance P that has passed over the first shielding plate 11' to be reliably discharged from the discharge port 2 c.

Description of the reference numerals:

1. 1': a drying device;

2. 2': a housing;

2 a: a groove;

2 b: a throwing port;

2 c: an outlet port;

2 d: a side surface;

3. 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D: a rotating shaft;

4. 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D: a disc;

4 e: a side surface;

4 f: an opposite part;

5: a flow path opening;

6. 6A, 6B: a first stirring section;

6 f: a face facing forward in the direction of rotation;

7. 7A, 7B: a second stirring section;

7 f: a face facing forward in the direction of rotation;

8: a rotation driving device;

9: a sleeve;

10. 10': a movable weir;

11. 11': a first shielding plate;

12: a support member;

13: a driving device (lifting device);

14: a discharge adjustment mechanism;

14 a: a movable member;

14 b: a support shaft;

14 c: a drive device;

14 d: adding a shell;

15. 15': a second shielding plate; 16: a drive device;

17: a support member;

20: a control device;

21: a water content meter;

31: a first rotation shaft group;

32: a second rotation shaft group;

ht: the highest height of the outer periphery of the rotating shaft;

hd: the highest height of the outer periphery of the disc;

ho: the height of the axis;

hb: the height of the bottom surface;

h1: a limit position;

h2: a non-restricting position;

o1: an axis;

P: a water-containing substance;

w: a width direction;

w1: a second limit position;

w2: a second non-limiting position;

x: a front-back direction;

xf: a front side;

xr: on the rear side.

Claims

1. A drying apparatus, wherein,

the drying device is provided with:

a housing having an inlet at the front thereof for introducing a water-containing substance;

a plurality of rotary shafts provided to be rotatable about an axis of the housing extending from the front portion to the rear portion;

a plurality of disks which are disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft at intervals and which collect the water-containing substance having a predetermined water content;

a discharge port provided in a bottom surface of the rear portion of the housing, the discharge port discharging the water-containing substance; and

a movable weir disposed at a front end of the discharge port, the movable weir including a first shielding plate having a concave portion shape in which an end portion on the rotation shaft side is formed along a part of an outer peripheral shape of the rotation shaft,

the first shielding plate is movable between a restricting position protruding toward the rotary shaft to restrict discharge of the water-containing substance to the discharge port and a non-restricting position located within the discharge port to not restrict discharge of the water-containing substance,

2. The drying apparatus according to claim 1,

the restriction position of the first shielding plate is within a range from a height of the bottom surface of the housing to a highest height of an outer periphery of the rotary shaft.

3. The drying apparatus according to claim 2,

the movable weir further comprises second shielding plates disposed on both sides of the first shielding plate,

the second shutter is formed in a concave shape along a part of the outer peripheral shape of the rotary shaft at an end portion on the rotary shaft side, and is movable between a second restricting position where the second shutter protrudes from the side surface toward the rotary shaft to restrict discharge of the water-containing substance to the discharge port and a second non-restricting position where the discharge of the water-containing substance is not restricted.

4. The drying apparatus according to claim 3,

the drying device further has:

a water content meter disposed in the vicinity of the movable weir for measuring a water content of the water-containing substance; and

a control device for controlling the input amount of the water-containing substance to the input port or the rotation speed of the rotating shaft,

the control device controls the input amount, the rotation speed, and the positions of the first shielding plate and the second shielding plate based on the water content measured by the water content meter.

5. The drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4,

the drying device is provided with:

a first rotation shaft group which is a pair of adjacent rotation shafts, the rotation shafts of the first rotation shaft group rotating in the same direction; and

a second rotation shaft group that is a pair of the adjacent rotation shafts, the rotation shafts of the second rotation shaft group rotating in the same direction and in a direction opposite to the first rotation shaft group,

the disks provided on the rotation shafts adjacent to the second rotation shaft group out of the pair of rotation shafts of the first rotation shaft group and the disks provided on the rotation shafts adjacent to the first rotation shaft group out of the pair of rotation shafts of the second rotation shaft group are arranged so that rotation loci of the disks do not overlap with each other when viewed from an axial direction.