CN114166647A - Experimental device and experimental method for water immersion weakening of dam body of underground reservoir - Google Patents
Experimental device and experimental method for water immersion weakening of dam body of underground reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- CN114166647A CN114166647A CN202111470967.2A CN202111470967A CN114166647A CN 114166647 A CN114166647 A CN 114166647A CN 202111470967 A CN202111470967 A CN 202111470967A CN 114166647 A CN114166647 A CN 114166647A
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 81
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000000476 body water Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/14—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by dead weight, e.g. pendulum; generated by springs tension
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention discloses an underground reservoir dam body soaking weakening experiment device and an experiment method thereof.A load amplification mechanism of the underground reservoir dam body soaking weakening experiment device utilizes a lever principle, can amplify the gravity of a weight into vertical sample top load, is more stable than a pressurization mode of a servo motor, a hydraulic oil cylinder and the like, and is beneficial to improving the accuracy of a test result by the stable sample top load in a long-time test process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine similarity experiments, in particular to an underground reservoir dam body soaking weakening experiment device and an experiment method thereof.
Background
The coal pillar dam body is an important component of the coal mine underground reservoir and has important functions of intercepting water bodies, bearing pressure and preventing seepage. The water stored in the reservoir has a weakening effect on the strength of the coal pillar dam body, and the crack development degree of the coal pillar dam body is a key factor of the safety of the coal pillar dam body under the long-time water immersion condition, so that the research on the crack development condition of the coal pillar dam body under the long-time water immersion condition is very necessary.
In the prior art, similar simulation experiment equipment generally provides load through pressurization modes such as a servo motor and a hydraulic oil cylinder, but the provided load is not stable enough for a long time, and the experiment effect is influenced.
In view of this, it is necessary to provide an underground reservoir dam body soaking weakening experimental apparatus and an experimental method thereof capable of providing a stable load.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an underground reservoir dam body soaking weakening experimental device and an underground reservoir dam body soaking weakening experimental method capable of providing stable load.
The technical scheme of the invention provides an underground reservoir dam body soaking weakening experiment device which comprises a base, a water tank arranged on the base, a pressing plate used for pressing a dam body sample in the water tank and a load amplifying mechanism used for vertically and downwards pressing the pressing plate;
the front side and the rear side of the water tank are made of toughened glass;
the load amplifying mechanism comprises two longitudinal beams which are connected to the base and positioned at the left side and the right side of the water tank, a lever assembly arranged between the two longitudinal beams and weights arranged on the lever assembly;
the lever assembly comprises at least two levers which are arranged up and down at intervals and in parallel, and each lever comprises a hinged end and a free end which are arranged oppositely;
the hinged ends and the free ends of any two of the levers which are adjacent up and down are arranged in a reverse mode, the hinged end of each lever is hinged to the longitudinal beam on the corresponding side, and the free end of each lever can move relative to the longitudinal beam on the corresponding side;
a sliding connecting piece is connected between any two adjacent levers up and down and can slide relative to the levers;
wherein, one of the levers at the top in the lever assembly is a load bearing lever, and one of the levers at the bottom in the lever assembly is a load output lever;
the free end of the load bearing lever extends out of the outer side of the longitudinal beam, a tray is hung on the free end of the load bearing lever, and the weight is placed on the tray;
and a pushing head used for pressing the pressing plate is connected below the middle part of the load output lever.
In an optional technical scheme, a load sensor is installed in the pushing head or the pressing plate.
In one optional technical scheme, a pressing plate groove for accommodating the pushing and pressing head is formed in the top of the pressing plate, a groove wall of the pressing plate groove is provided with a circle of groove wall inclined surfaces, and the radius of each groove wall inclined surface is gradually increased along the direction from bottom to top;
the bottom of the pushing head is provided with a circle of pressure head arc surface which presses on the groove wall inclined surface.
In one optional technical scheme, a fixing hook for being buried underground is installed at the bottom of the base.
In an alternative embodiment, the longitudinal beam is provided with a support member for temporarily supporting the free end of the load output lever.
In an optional technical solution, a baffle is disposed on the longitudinal beam, the baffle is located between the load output lever and the load bearing lever, and the baffle is located below the free end of one of the levers.
In one optional technical scheme, each lever is provided with a slide rail;
the sliding connecting piece comprises an upper sliding block and a lower sliding block which are connected by a shaft;
the upper sliding block and the lower sliding block are respectively connected with the corresponding sliding rails on the lever.
In one optional technical scheme, water tanks are arranged on the left side and the right side of the water tank, a plurality of communication holes which are arranged at intervals up and down are formed between the water tanks, and valves are installed in the communication holes.
The technical scheme of the invention also provides an underground reservoir dam body soaking weakening experimental method, which adopts the underground reservoir dam body soaking weakening experimental device of any one of the technical schemes;
the test method for the dam body soaking weakening of the underground reservoir comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting an underground reservoir dam body, and calculating the top load of the overburden layer on the underground reservoir dam body according to the burial depth of the underground reservoir dam body;
s2: determining a similarity ratio, and manufacturing a dam body sample according to the similarity ratio;
s3: placing a dam body sample in a water tank, and placing a pressing plate on the dam body sample;
s4: preliminarily determining the total weight of the required weights and the position of the sliding connecting piece according to the sample top load of the dam body sample required by the experiment;
s5: adjusting the load amplifying mechanism and pressing the pressing head against the platen based on the preliminary determination result of step S4;
s6: determining the water level height in the water tank according to the similarity ratio, and filling water with a specified height into the water tank;
s7: arranging cameras on the front side and/or the rear side of the water tank, setting shooting intervals of the cameras, and automatically shooting crack changes and deformation changes of the dam body sample through the cameras;
s8: and (5) finishing the photos, collecting data and completing the experiment.
In one optional technical solution, the step S5 further includes a load calibration step, including:
observing the value of the load sensor, and comparing the value with the top load of the sample;
and if the difference value between the value of the load sensor and the top load of the sample exceeds a preset error range, adjusting the number of the weights and/or the position of the sliding connecting piece until the difference value between the value of the load sensor and the top load of the sample is within the preset error range.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:
according to the experimental device and the experimental method for the dam body soaking weakening of the underground reservoir, the load amplification mechanism utilizes the lever principle, the gravity of a weight can be amplified into the vertical sample top load, the mechanical structure load amplification mechanism is more stable than a servo motor, a hydraulic oil cylinder and the like in a pressurizing mode, and the stable sample top load is beneficial to improving the accuracy of a test result in a long-time test process.
Drawings
The disclosure of the present invention will become more readily understood by reference to the drawings. It should be understood that: these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the figure:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of an underground reservoir dam body soaking weakening experimental apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the lever assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a stringer;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the stringer with the top member mounted thereon;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a stringer with a stop mounted thereon;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the pusher head and platen;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the water tank.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. In which like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the dam body water immersion weakening experiment apparatus for an underground reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a base 1, a water tank 2 mounted on the base 1, a pressing plate 3 for pressing a dam body sample 5 in the water tank 2, and a load amplifying mechanism 4 for vertically pressing the pressing plate 3 downward.
The front and the back sides of the water tank 2 are made of toughened glass.
The load amplification mechanism 4 includes two longitudinal beams 41 connected to the base 1 and located on the left and right sides of the water tank 2, a lever assembly 42 disposed between the two longitudinal beams 41, and a weight 43 disposed on the lever assembly 42.
The lever assembly 42 includes at least two levers 421 spaced above and below and arranged in parallel, each lever 421 including a hinged end 4211 and a free end 4212 arranged opposite to each other.
The hinged end 4211 and the free end 4212 of any two vertically adjacent levers 421 are arranged in opposite directions, the hinged end 4211 of each lever 421 is hinged to the longitudinal beam 41 on the corresponding side, and the free end 4212 of each lever 421 can move relative to the longitudinal beam 41 on the corresponding side.
A sliding connector 44 is connected between any two adjacent levers 421, and the sliding connector 44 can slide relative to the levers 421.
The topmost lever 421 in the lever assembly 42 is a load bearing lever 4213, and the bottommost lever 421 in the lever assembly 42 is a load output lever 4214.
The free end 4212 of the load bearing lever 4213 extends outside the longitudinal beam 41, a tray 46 is suspended from the free end 4212 of the load bearing lever 4213, and the weight 43 is placed on the tray 46.
A pushing head 45 for pressing the platen 3 is connected to the lower part of the middle part of the load output lever 4214.
The invention provides an underground reservoir dam body immersion weakening experimental device which is used for simulating that a reservoir dam body (coal pillar dam body) is immersed in water so as to observe crack development change or deformation development change of the reservoir dam body under a water weakening condition.
The experimental device for the dam body soaking and weakening of the underground reservoir comprises a base 1, a water tank 2, a pressing plate 3 and a load amplifying mechanism 4.
The water tank 2 is mounted on the base 1. The dam sample 5 is placed in the water tank 2. The pressing plate 3 presses on the dam body sample 5. The water tank 2 contains water of a predetermined height. The front side and the rear side of the water tank 2 are made of toughened glass, and cameras are conveniently erected to shoot dam body samples 5.
The load amplification mechanism 4 is used for amplifying a certain load so as to simulate a top load pressed on the dam body of the reservoir.
The load amplifying mechanism 4 comprises two longitudinal beams 41, a lever assembly 42 and a weight 43. The lower ends of the two longitudinal beams 41 are respectively arranged on the base 1, and the lever assembly 42 is used for amplifying the weight of the weight 43 and transmitting the weight to the pressure plate 3.
The lever assembly 42 includes more than two levers 421 spaced up and down and arranged in parallel, and preferably includes more than 4 levers 421. Each lever 421 includes a hinged end 4211 and a free end 4212, with hinged end 4211 and free end 4212 being opposite ends of lever 421.
When more than two levers 421 are arranged, the hinged end 4211 and the free end 4212 of any two levers 421 adjacent up and down are arranged in opposite directions, that is, in any two levers 421 adjacent up and down, the hinged end 4211 of the lower lever 421 is located below the free end 4212 of the upper lever 421, and the free end 4212 of the lower lever 421 is located below the hinged end 4211 of the upper lever 421.
The hinge end 4211 of each lever 421 is hinged to the longitudinal beam 41 on the corresponding side. Specifically, the hinge end 4211 is assembled with the longitudinal beam 41 through the pivot shaft 411, and the hinge end 4211 can rotate around the pivot shaft 411. The free end 4212 of each lever 421 is movable with respect to the longitudinal beam 41 of the corresponding side. The longitudinal beam 41 has a longitudinal beam groove 412 therein, and the free end 4212 can extend into the longitudinal beam groove 412 and can freely swing up and down in the longitudinal beam groove 412.
The sliding connection piece 44 is arranged between two adjacent levers 421, and the sliding connection piece 44 can slide relative to the levers 421. A locking bolt may be provided on the sliding connector 44, and after the sliding connector 44 is adjusted to the proper position, the sliding connector 44 may be locked to the lever 421 by the locking bolt.
By varying the distance between the sliding connection 44 and the hinge or pivot axis 411 of the lever 421, the moment arm can be varied and the amplified load can be adjusted.
For convenience of description, the top-most one of the levers 421 in the lever assembly 42 is referred to as a load bearing lever 4213, and the bottom-most one of the levers 421 in the lever assembly 42 is referred to as a load output lever 4214.
One of the two stringers 41 is a long stringer and one is a short stringer. The hinged end 4211 of the load bearing lever 4213 is hinged with the long longitudinal beam, and the free end 4212 of the load bearing lever 4213 is positioned above the short longitudinal beam and extends out of the outer side of the short longitudinal beam, so that the weight 43 can be conveniently hung.
A tray 46 is suspended from the free end 4212 of the load bearing lever 4213 via a suspension 47, and the weight 43 is placed on the tray 46. The number of weights 46 to be placed can be calculated.
A pushing head 45 for pressing the platen 3 is connected to the lower part of the middle part of the load output lever 4214. In the experiment, the pressing head 45 presses the pressing plate 3 downward, thereby applying an amplification load to the dam sample 5.
Therefore, according to the experimental device for the dam body soaking weakening of the underground reservoir, the load amplification mechanism 4 can amplify the gravity of the weight 46 into the vertical sample top load by using the lever principle, the load amplification mechanism 4 with the mechanical structure is more stable than a pressurizing mode of a servo motor, a hydraulic oil cylinder and the like, and the stable sample top load is beneficial to improving the accuracy of a test result in a long-time test process.
In one embodiment, a load cell is mounted in the pusher head 45 or platen 3 and is used to calibrate the amplified load transmitted through the load amplifying mechanism 4 for subsequent adjustment.
The existing load sensor can be selected, and the load sensor can be arranged in the pressure plate 3 or the pushing head 45 according to the technical requirements as long as the amplified load transmitted by the load amplifying mechanism 4 can be monitored.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the top of the pressure plate 3 has a pressure plate groove 31 for accommodating the pushing head 45, and the groove wall of the pressure plate groove 31 has a circle of groove wall slopes 311, and the radius of the groove wall slopes 311 gradually increases along the direction from bottom to top.
The bottom of the pushing head 45 has a circular head arc surface 451, and the circular head arc surface 451 presses on the groove wall slope 311.
The indenter arc surface 451 is a portion of a spherical surface. The groove wall slopes 311 are reverse tapered. With this arrangement, the pressure head arc surface 451 is always in contact with the groove wall slope 311, and transmits the force to the pressure plate 3. When the pushing head 45 moves downward, the indenter arc surface 451 automatically presses the groove wall slope 311. The indenter arc surface 451 can also press against the groove wall slope surface 311 when the load output lever 4214 is slightly inclined.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the bottom of the base 1 is provided with a fixing hook 11 buried under the ground for fixing the whole set of equipment.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the longitudinal beam 41 is provided with a tightening member 413 for temporarily tightening the free end 4212 of the load output lever 4214. Before the experiment, the free end 4212 of the load output lever 4214 was pressed by the pressing member 413 to prevent each lever 421 in the lever assembly 42 from rotating, resulting in structural instability. At the start of the experiment, the top member 413 is retracted or removed so that the free end 4212 of the load output lever 4214 is free to move.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the longitudinal beam 41 is provided with a flap 414, the flap 414 being located between the load output lever 4214 and the load carrying lever 4213, the flap 414 being located below the free end 4212 of one of the levers 421.
If the tightening member 413 fails or is not installed in time, the free end 4212 of one of the levers 421 between the load output lever 4214 and the load carrying lever 4213 may be blocked by the blocking plate 414 to prevent the lever assembly 42 from being unstable.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, each lever 421 is provided with a slide rail 4215. The sliding connection 44 comprises an upper 441 and a lower 442 journalled slider. The upper slider 441 and the lower slider 442 are respectively connected to the corresponding slide rail 4215 on the lever 421.
When the two levers 421 are connected by the sliding connection member 44, the upper slider 441 is connected to the slide rail 4215 on the upper lever 421, the lower slider 442 is connected to the slide rail 4215 on the lower lever 421, and the lower slider 442 is connected to the upper slider 441 by a shaft, which facilitates installation.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the water tank 21 is disposed on the left and right sides of the water tank 2, a plurality of communication holes 22 are formed between the water tank 21 and the water tank 2, and a valve is installed in the communication hole 22. The soaking experiments at different water level heights can be simulated by opening the communication holes 22 at different heights to control the water level in the water tank 2. The water in the water tank 21 is discharged to a designated place. The valve can be an electric valve and is connected with external control equipment to realize the automatic opening and closing of the communication hole 22.
The invention provides an underground reservoir dam body soaking weakening experiment method which adopts the underground reservoir dam body soaking weakening experiment device in any one of the embodiments.
The test method for the water immersion weakening of the dam body of the underground reservoir comprises the following steps:
s1: and selecting an underground reservoir dam body, and calculating the top load of the overburden layer on the underground reservoir dam body according to the burial depth of the underground reservoir dam body.
S2: and determining the similarity ratio, and manufacturing a dam body sample 5 according to the similarity ratio.
S3: the dam sample 5 is placed in the water tank 2, and the pressing plate 3 is placed on the dam sample 5.
S4: according to the sample top load of the dam body sample 5 required by the experiment, the total weight of the required weight 43 and the position of the sliding connector 44 are preliminarily determined.
S5: according to the preliminary determination result of step S4, the load magnifying mechanism 4 is adjusted, and the pressing head 45 is pressed against the platen 3.
S6: the height of the water level in the water tank 2 is determined according to the similarity ratio, and water of a designated height is filled into the water tank 2.
S7: and arranging cameras on the front side and/or the rear side of the water tank 2, setting the shooting intervals of the cameras, and automatically shooting the crack change and the deformation change of the dam body sample 5 through the cameras.
S8: and (5) finishing the photos, collecting data and completing the experiment.
When an experiment is carried out by adopting the underground reservoir dam body soaking weakening experiment device, the operation steps are as follows:
the first step is as follows: selecting a typical underground reservoir dam body of a mine coal mine, and calculating the top load P of an overlying rock stratum to the dam body according to the burial depth of the dam body0。
P0γ × h, wherein P0The top pressure of the dam body of the underground reservoir is Pa; gamma is the volume weight of overburden and has the unit of N/m3(ii) a h is the buried depth of the dam body of the underground reservoir, and the unit is m.
The second step is that: according to the size of the dam body of the underground reservoir, the size of the water tank 2 and the amplification capacity of the load amplification mechanism 4, a similarity ratio C is determined, and the similarity ratio is generally 1/50-200. Converting the size of the dam body sample 5 according to the similarity ratio, cutting the coal blocks to manufacture the dam body sample 5, wherein the top surface area of the dam body sample 5 is S, and the unit is m2。
The third step: the dam sample 5 is placed in the water tank 2, and the pressing plate 3 is placed on the dam sample 5.
The fourth step: according to the similarity ratio C, the top load P of the dam body of the underground reservoir0And the top surface area S of the dam body sample 5, and calculating the sample top load P required by the dam body sample 51＝P0×S×C。
The total weight M of the required weight 43 and the position of the sliding connection 44 are then preliminarily determined.
It is assumed that the lever assembly 42 includes n levers 421, where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2. The load carrying lever 4213 has a length L1The remaining levers 421 (including the load output lever 4214) have a length L2，L1Greater than L2，L1、L2The unit of (d) is m.
N-1 slip joints 44 are required. The distance of the sliding connection 44 from the pivot axis 411 is adjusted in advance, in m. At this time, the position of the slide connector 44 may be empirically adjusted in advance.
The first sliding connection 44 is at a distance D from the pivot axis 411 in the top-down direction1The second sliding connection 44 is at a distance D from the pivot axis 4112… …, the distance D between the (n-1) th sliding connection 44 and the pivot axis 411n-1. The load output by the pushing head 45 is Fn。
Then Fn＝P1＝P0×S×C。
From the force analysis of the lever assembly 42, the following calculation formula is obtained:
Fn×D1×D2……×Dn-1＝G×L1×(L2-D1)×(L2-D2)……×(L2-Dn-2) Where G is the total weight of the weight 43.
If the total weight G of the weight 43 is calculated according to the above formula, the total weight M of the weight 43 is G/G, G is the acceleration of gravity, and 9.8M/s2。
Suppose that the mass of each weight is m0In kg, the number N of weights 43 is M/M0And N is an integer.
Such as M/M0Is an integer, and the number of the required weights 43 is within a preset range, the position of the sliding connection member 44 does not need to be adjusted again.
Such as M/M0And is a non-integer number, and the number of required weights 43 is within a preset range, only the first sliding connector 44 or the (n-1) th sliding connector 44 needs to be finely adjusted.
And if the number of the required weights 43 is calculated to be out of the preset range, the position of the sliding connection piece 44 is adjusted again, and the calculation is carried out again.
The fifth step: after the load amplifying mechanism 4 is adjusted, the urging member 413 is released, so that the pushing head 45 is pressed against the platen 3.
And a sixth step: then, the water level in the water tank 2 is determined according to the similarity ratio, and water of a designated height is filled into the water tank 2. The valve in the communication hole 22 at the water level height is opened, and when water flows out from the communication hole 22 at the height, the water level height is indicated to be satisfactory.
The seventh step: and arranging cameras on the front side and/or the rear side of the water tank 2, setting the shooting intervals of the cameras, and automatically shooting the crack change and the deformation change of the dam body sample 5 through the cameras.
Eighth step: and (5) finishing the photos, collecting data and completing the experiment.
Of course, the height of the water level can be changed according to the requirement so as to simulate the soaking experiment of different water levels. And a displacement meter can be arranged on the dam body sample 5 according to the requirement, and the transverse displacement of the dam body sample 5 in the test process is recorded.
And (3) carrying out a long-time water immersion strength weakening test on the dam body sample 5 according to the test scheme, determining a test ending node according to the conditions of crack development and rib spalling on two sides of the dam body sample 5, wherein the test lasts for 15-30 days generally, the water level is reduced due to evaporation in the test process, and a small amount of water can be injected into the water tank in a scheduled period.
The photos are sorted, data collection can be completed through a computer, corresponding curve graphs and the like are drawn, and therefore a user can clearly understand crack changes, deformation changes and the like of the dam body sample 5 along with the time.
In one embodiment, step S5 further includes a load calibration step, including:
the load cell values were observed and compared to the specimen top load.
If the difference between the value of the load cell and the top load of the test specimen is out of the preset error range, the number of the weights 43 and/or the position of the sliding connection piece 44 are adjusted until the difference between the value of the load cell and the top load of the test specimen is within the preset error range. The preset error can be set according to actual needs.
According to the needs, the above technical schemes can be combined to achieve the best technical effect.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles and preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several other modifications can be made on the basis of the principle of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be regarded.
Claims (10)
1. The experimental device for the water immersion weakening of the dam body of the underground reservoir is characterized by comprising a base, a water tank, a pressing plate and a load amplifying mechanism, wherein the water tank is installed on the base;
the front side and the rear side of the water tank are made of toughened glass;
the load amplifying mechanism comprises two longitudinal beams which are connected to the base and positioned at the left side and the right side of the water tank, a lever assembly arranged between the two longitudinal beams and weights arranged on the lever assembly;
the lever assembly comprises at least two levers which are arranged up and down at intervals and in parallel, and each lever comprises a hinged end and a free end which are arranged oppositely;
the hinged ends and the free ends of any two of the levers which are adjacent up and down are arranged in a reverse mode, the hinged end of each lever is hinged to the longitudinal beam on the corresponding side, and the free end of each lever can move relative to the longitudinal beam on the corresponding side;
a sliding connecting piece is connected between any two adjacent levers up and down and can slide relative to the levers;
wherein, one of the levers at the top in the lever assembly is a load bearing lever, and one of the levers at the bottom in the lever assembly is a load output lever;
the free end of the load bearing lever extends out of the outer side of the longitudinal beam, a tray is hung on the free end of the load bearing lever, and the weight is placed on the tray;
and a pushing head used for pressing the pressing plate is connected below the middle part of the load output lever.
2. The underground reservoir dam body water immersion weakening experiment device according to claim 1, wherein a load sensor is installed in the pushing head or the pressing plate.
3. The experimental device for testing the dam body of the underground reservoir for water immersion weakening of the underground reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top of the pressing plate is provided with a pressing plate groove for accommodating the pushing head, the groove wall of the pressing plate groove is provided with a circle of groove wall slopes, and the radius of the groove wall slopes is gradually increased along the direction from bottom to top;
the bottom of the pushing head is provided with a circle of pressure head arc surface which presses on the groove wall inclined surface.
4. The underground reservoir dam body water immersion weakening experiment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a fixing hook for being buried underground is installed at the bottom of the base.
5. The underground reservoir dam body water immersion weakening experiment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a tightening member for temporarily tightening said free end of said load output lever is provided on said longitudinal beam.
6. The underground reservoir dam body water immersion weakening experiment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a baffle is arranged on said longitudinal beam, said baffle is located between said load output lever and said load bearing lever, and said baffle is located below said free end of one of said levers.
7. The underground reservoir dam body water immersion weakening experiment device according to claim 1, wherein each lever is provided with a slide rail;
the sliding connecting piece comprises an upper sliding block and a lower sliding block which are connected by a shaft;
the upper sliding block and the lower sliding block are respectively connected with the corresponding sliding rails on the lever.
8. The underground reservoir dam body water immersion weakening experiment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein water tanks are arranged on the left and right sides of the water tank, a plurality of communication holes are formed between the water tanks and the water tank at intervals up and down, and valves are installed in the communication holes.
9. An underground reservoir dam body soaking weakening experiment method is characterized in that the underground reservoir dam body soaking weakening experiment device of any one of claims 1-8 is adopted;
the test method for the dam body soaking weakening of the underground reservoir comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting an underground reservoir dam body, and calculating the top load of the overburden layer on the underground reservoir dam body according to the burial depth of the underground reservoir dam body;
s2: determining a similarity ratio, and manufacturing a dam body sample according to the similarity ratio;
s3: placing a dam body sample in a water tank, and placing a pressing plate on the dam body sample;
s4: preliminarily determining the total weight of the required weights and the position of the sliding connecting piece according to the sample top load of the dam body sample required by the experiment;
s5: adjusting the load amplifying mechanism and pressing the pressing head against the platen based on the preliminary determination result of step S4;
s6: determining the water level height in the water tank according to the similarity ratio, and filling water with a specified height into the water tank;
s7: arranging cameras on the front side and/or the rear side of the water tank, setting shooting intervals of the cameras, and automatically shooting crack changes and deformation changes of the dam body sample through the cameras;
s8: and (5) finishing the photos, collecting data and completing the experiment.
10. The method for testing the dam body of an underground reservoir for water immersion weakening according to claim 9,
the step S5 further includes a load calibration step, including:
observing the value of the load sensor, and comparing the value with the top load of the sample;
and if the difference value between the value of the load sensor and the top load of the sample exceeds a preset error range, adjusting the number of the weights and/or the position of the sliding connecting piece until the difference value between the value of the load sensor and the top load of the sample is within the preset error range.
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