CN213516687U - Passive soft rock rheological test device - Google Patents
Passive soft rock rheological test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN213516687U CN213516687U CN202022721309.3U CN202022721309U CN213516687U CN 213516687 U CN213516687 U CN 213516687U CN 202022721309 U CN202022721309 U CN 202022721309U CN 213516687 U CN213516687 U CN 213516687U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a passive soft rock rheological test device adopts lever force transfer device, loading device and measuring device to form lever loading test structure, utilizes lever frame, loading lever and afterburning lever to constitute stable lever loading structure, utilizes the loading device to place the piece to be tested, utilizes the lever structure that lever force transfer device constitutes, enlargies the gravity load and applies on the piece to be tested and form stable gravity load test structure, utilizes measuring device to treat the piece to be tested simultaneously and carries out hoop and axial pressure deformation data acquisition, the utility model discloses simple structure has solved the problem that traditional rheometer can cause termination or the error of rheological test under outage or voltage unstable condition, adopts the lever to be favorable to the coordination of power and arm of force displacement in the loading process; meanwhile, the influence of electricity on the test stability is reduced, and errors generated in the test process are greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a passive soft rock rheological test device is applied to geotechnical test field in geotechnical engineering, provides new instrument, new method of geotechnical test for engineering and relevant research.
Background
Rock rheological mechanical properties are an important research subject in geotechnical engineering and are closely related to long-term stability and safety of geotechnical engineering. The rheological mechanical properties of rocks are urgently needed to be known in the construction of a plurality of large rock mass projects, so that the smooth implementation of the rock mass projects is promoted, the safety and stability of the rock mass projects in the long-term operation process are ensured, and further deep research on the rheological mechanical properties of the rocks is needed. The rock rheological mechanical test is not only an important means for researching the rock rheological mechanical property, but also an important index for ensuring the long-term stability of the geotechnical engineering.
The problem of stability of rock mass has been developed from conventional elastic stress analysis to research considering plasticity and rheological property, especially rheological effect, and has been paid more attention by experts at home and abroad in recent years. However, the current rock rheological equipment has three problems, one of which is: most of the current rock rheometers are electrically servo and loaded, the rock rheological test period is long, more energy is consumed after long-term use, and the termination of the rheological test or a large error is caused by power failure and voltage instability, so that the test fails. The second is that: even soft rock requires a large pressure sufficient to cause the rock to flow, which requires the force lever to load the arm long enough. The third step is that: the existing rock rheometer is expensive and complex to operate, one device can be purchased only in a large laboratory, and the rock rheological test period is long, so that the test efficiency is low.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a passive soft rock rheological test device to overcome prior art's is not enough.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a passive soft rock rheological test device comprises a lever force transmission device, a loading device and a measuring device;
the lever force transmission device comprises a lever rack, a loading lever and a stressing lever, wherein the loading lever and the stressing lever are both rotationally arranged on the lever rack; the other end of the stress application lever is provided with a weight;
the loading device comprises a bearing platform, a spherical hinge pressure head and a spherical hinge base, wherein a vertical support is fixed on the bearing platform, a lower pressure head and an upper pressure head are arranged in the vertical support, the upper pressure head is arranged at the upper end of the lower pressure head, a to-be-tested part is placed between the lower pressure head and the upper pressure head, the spherical hinge base is placed at the upper end of the upper pressure head, the other end of the loading lever is hinged with the spherical hinge pressure head, and the spherical hinge pressure head can be placed in contact with the upper end face of the spherical hinge base under the action of;
the measuring device comprises an axial strain monitor and a hoop strain monitor, the axial strain monitor is arranged between the lower pressure head and the upper pressure head, one end of the axial strain monitor is in contact with the upper end of the lower pressure head, the other end of the axial strain monitor is in contact with the lower end of the upper pressure head, and the hoop strain monitor is sleeved on the periphery of a sample to be measured.
Further, the axial strain monitor and the annular strain monitor are connected with a data acquisition instrument.
Furthermore, two ends of the two-force rod are respectively and rotatably connected with one end of the stress application lever and one end of the loading lever through hinge pins.
Furthermore, two moving rods which are vertically arranged in parallel are arranged on the lever rack, the loading lever is hinged with one of the moving rods, and the stress application lever is hinged with the other moving rod.
Further, the distance between the two moving rods is adjustable.
Furthermore, a plurality of movable hinged supports are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the lever rack, and two ends of the moving rod are arranged on the two movable hinged supports in the same vertical direction.
Furthermore, a plurality of rows of force transmission levers are arranged between the loading lever and the stressing lever, and two adjacent force transmission levers are not hinged on the same movable rod; one end of the force transmission lever of the uppermost row in the multiple rows of force transmission levers is hinged with one end of the loading lever through the two-force rod, one end of the force transmission lever of the lowermost row in the multiple rows of force transmission levers is hinged with one end of the force application lever through the two-force rod, and one end of each two adjacent force transmission levers is rotatably connected.
Furthermore, at least three axial strain monitors are arranged on the periphery of the sample to be tested, and at least three annular strain monitors are sleeved on the periphery of the sample to be tested.
Furthermore, the upper end of the spherical hinge base is provided with a groove for placing a spherical hinge pressure head, and the spherical hinge pressure head can be placed in the arc groove at the upper end of the spherical hinge base under the action of the loading lever.
Furthermore, the other end of the stress application lever is connected with a weight tray for placing weights.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following profitable technological effect has:
the utility model relates to a passive soft rock rheological test device adopts lever force transfer device, loading device and measuring device to form lever loading test structure, utilizes lever frame, loading lever and afterburning lever to constitute stable lever loading structure, utilizes the loading device to place the piece to be tested, utilizes the lever structure that lever force transfer device constitutes, enlargies the gravity load and applies on the piece to be tested and form stable gravity load test structure, utilizes measuring device to treat the piece to be tested simultaneously and carries out hoop and axial pressure deformation data acquisition, the utility model discloses simple structure has solved the problem that traditional rheometer can cause termination or the error of rheological test under outage or voltage unstable condition, adopts the lever to be favorable to the coordination of power and arm of force displacement in the loading process; meanwhile, the influence of electricity on the test stability is reduced, and errors generated in the test process are greatly reduced.
Furthermore, two ends of the two-force rod are respectively and rotatably connected with one end of the stress application lever and one end of the loading lever through hinge pins, so that the rotation disturbance between the stress application lever and the loading lever is reduced, and the stability of force transmission is improved.
Furthermore, two moving rods which are vertically arranged in parallel are arranged on the lever rack, the loading lever is hinged with one of the moving rods, the force application lever is hinged with the other moving rod, and the force arm can be simultaneously changed by adjusting the weight on the force application lever and the position of the moving rod on the lever rack, so that the load transfer ratio is changed, the rheological test of soft rock under different loads is realized, the device is suitable for the test of various different loads, and the application range of the device is improved.
Furthermore, a plurality of movable hinged supports are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the lever rack, and two ends of the moving rod are arranged on the two movable hinged supports in the same vertical direction, so that the moving rod is favorably adjusted and installed in position, and the use flexibility of the device is improved.
Furthermore, a plurality of rows of force transmission levers are arranged between the loading lever and the force application lever, and the coordination of force and arm displacement is facilitated in the loading process by adopting the multi-level levers, so that the multi-level lever type force application mechanism is suitable for applying larger load.
Furthermore, the upper end of the spherical hinge base is provided with a groove for placing a spherical hinge pressure head, and the spherical hinge pressure head can be placed in the arc groove at the upper end of the spherical hinge base under the action of the loading lever, so that the positioning and loading are facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a right side view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a left side view of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. vertical support, 2, cushion cap, 3, lower pressure head, 4, the sample that awaits measuring, 5, axial strain monitor, 6, go up the pressure head, 7, ball pivot base, 8, ball pivot pressure head, 9, the loading lever, 10, lever frame, 11, activity hinge support, 12, carriage release lever, 13, articulated pin, 14, two power rods, 15, fixed hinge support, 16, pass power lever, 17, afterburning lever, 18, instrument support, 19, the weight, 20, the weight tray, 21, adjusting bolt, 22, hoop strain monitor, 23, data acquisition appearance.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in figure 1, a passive soft rock rheological test device comprises a lever force transmission device, a loading device and a measuring device,
the lever force transmission device comprises a lever rack 10, a loading lever 9 and a force application lever 17, wherein the loading lever 9 and the force application lever 17 are both rotatably arranged on the lever rack 10, one end of the loading lever 9 is rotatably connected with one end of the force application lever 17 through a two-force rod 14, and the loading lever 9 and the force application lever 17 are arranged in parallel; the other end of the force application lever 17 is connected with a weight tray 20 for placing a weight 19;
the loading device comprises a bearing platform 2, a spherical hinge pressure head 8 and a spherical hinge base 7, wherein a vertical support 1 is fixed on the bearing platform 2, a lower pressure head 3 and an upper pressure head 6 are arranged in the vertical support 1, the upper pressure head 6 is arranged at the upper end of the lower pressure head 3, a to-be-tested part 4 is placed between the lower pressure head 3 and the upper pressure head 6, the spherical hinge base 7 is placed at the upper end of the upper pressure head 6, a groove for placing the spherical hinge pressure head 8 is formed in the upper end of the spherical hinge base 7, the other end of a loading lever 9 is hinged with the spherical hinge pressure head 8, and the spherical hinge pressure head 8 can be placed in an arc groove in the upper end of the spherical hinge; the load from the loading lever 9 is transferred to the spherical hinge base 7 through the spherical hinge pressure head 8, and the spherical hinge base 7 is applied to the sample 4 to be tested through the upper pressure head 6, so that the sample 4 to be tested generates a compression rheological phenomenon; the arc angle of the arc groove at the upper end of the spherical hinge base 7 is 120 degrees.
The measuring device comprises an axial strain monitor 5 and a circumferential strain monitor 22, wherein the axial strain monitor 5 is arranged between the lower pressure head 3 and the upper pressure head 6, one end of the axial strain monitor 5 is contacted with the upper end of the lower pressure head 3, the other end of the axial strain monitor 5 is contacted with the lower end of the upper pressure head 6, and the circumferential strain monitor 22 is sleeved on the periphery of a sample to be measured; the axial strain monitor 5 is used for monitoring the axial displacement of the sample to be tested and monitoring the load value of the sample 4 to be tested; the hoop strain monitor 22 is used for measuring the amount of hoop strain of the test piece 4 to be measured. The axial strain monitor 5 and the circumferential strain monitor 22 are connected to the data acquisition instrument 23 to realize data acquisition and recording.
Two ends of the two-force rod 14 are respectively and rotatably connected with one end of the forcing lever 17 and one end of the loading lever 9 through hinge pins. Two moving rods 12 which are vertically arranged in parallel are arranged on the lever rack 10, the loading lever 9 is hinged with one of the moving rods, and the force application lever 17 is hinged with the other moving rod; the stress application lever 17 and the loading lever 9 are respectively hinged with a movable rod to form a lever structure, and the stress application lever 17 is used for providing pressure for the loading lever 9; the distance between the two movable bars 12 is adjustable. As shown in fig. 1, the forcing lever 17 is pivotally connected to the travel bar 12 by a fixed hinge support 15.
As shown in fig. 1, the upper end and the lower end of the lever frame 10 are respectively provided with a plurality of movable hinged supports 11, two ends of the movable rod 12 are mounted on the two movable hinged supports 11 in the same vertical direction, and the distance between the two movable rods 12 is adjusted by adjusting the fixed mounting of the two ends of the movable rod 12 and the movable hinged supports 11, so that the positions of the stressing lever 17 and the loading lever 9 hinged to the movable rods respectively can be adjusted, the lengths of the two ends of the lever can be adjusted, the purpose of adjusting the force arm can be achieved, and the purpose of different pressures can be achieved by loading weights.
The lever force transmission device adopts a multistage lever force transmission structure, specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of rows of force transmission levers 16 are arranged between a loading lever 9 and a force application lever 17, and two adjacent force transmission levers 16 are not hinged on the same movable rod 12, namely, one force transmission lever 16 of the two adjacent force transmission levers 16 is hinged on one movable rod 12, and the other force transmission lever 16 is hinged on the other movable rod 12; one end of the force transmission lever 16 of the uppermost row in the multiple rows of force transmission levers 16 is hinged with one end of the loading lever 9 through the two-force rod 14, and one end of the force transmission lever 16 of the lowermost row in the multiple rows of force transmission levers 16 is hinged with one end of the stress application lever 17 through the two-force rod 14; one end of a force transmission lever 16 positioned between two ends of the force transmission levers 16 in multiple rows is rotatably connected with the adjacent upper end force transmission lever through a two-force rod 14, the other end of the force transmission lever is rotatably connected with the adjacent lower end force transmission lever through the two-force rod 14, and the force transmission levers 16 in multiple rows are connected end to form a lever group; in particular, the number of rows of force transmission levers 16 is even.
Specifically, at least three axial strain monitors 5 are arranged around the sample 4 to be measured, and at least three annular strain monitors 22 are sleeved around the sample 4 to be measured.
The lever rack 10 and the bearing platform 2 are arranged on the instrument support 19, so that the installation and the experiment are convenient, and the adjustment of the flatness is facilitated; the instrument holder 18 is fixed to a horizontal surface by an adjusting bolt 21.
The passive soft rock rheological test device comprises a multi-level lever force transmission device, a loading device and a measuring device, wherein a compression rheological test is performed on a soft rock body by adjusting the weight of a weight 19 arranged on a force application lever 17, and an axial strain monitor 5 and a circumferential strain monitor 22 monitor the load borne by a sample 4 to be tested and the generated deformation; the ratio of load transmission is related to the set lever row number and the position of the movable rod 12, the transmission ratio is larger when the row number is larger, the transmission ratio is larger when the position of the movable rod 12 is closer to the two sides of the lever frame 10 (namely, the transmission ratio is larger when the distance between the two movable rods 12 is larger), and after loading, the weight 19 is adjusted according to the signal output value of the force sensor in the axial strain monitor 5 to achieve the required load. The load reaches the loading lever 9 through the force transmission lever 16, then is transmitted to the upper pressure head 6 through the spherical hinge pressure head 8 and the spherical hinge base 7, finally the load is applied to the sample 4 to be tested to generate compression rheology, and rheology information of the sample under different load conditions is acquired by adjusting the position of the movable rod 12 and the weight of the weight 19.
Specifically, the loading of the rheological test is loaded to the force lever 17 by the weight 19; adjusting bolts 21 are arranged at four corners of the bearing platform 2, the lever rack 10 and the instrument support 18, so that the self-balancing rack is formed, the requirements on a mounting platform are reduced, the mounting and debugging operation is simple, and the related requirements are easily met. In addition, the multistage adjustable lever transmission system has a large load transmission ratio range, and can realize rheological tests of materials under different loads.
The soft rock rheological test method based on the passive soft rock rheological test device specifically comprises the following steps:
1. preparation before the test: adjusting bolts at four corners of the lower end of the instrument support enable the adjusting bearing platform and the lever rack to be in a balanced state, and the position of a movable rod on the lever force transmission device is adjusted according to the compressive strength of the rock sample, so that the test instrument is in a proper measuring range;
2. debugging a monitoring instrument: the position of hoop strain monitor on the sample of awaiting measuring will await measuring the sample and place last pressure head and lower pressure head between, specifically put the central point between last pressure head and lower pressure head to settle four axial strain monitors in proper order around the sample of awaiting measuring, the data acquisition appearance is connected to the data line of hoop strain monitor and axial strain monitor.
3. The test was started: placing the weight on the weight tray, through the amplification effect of lever power transmission device, transmitting the load power for the sample that awaits measuring, placing the weight in proper order, reaching the required load of rheological test, utilizing data acquisition instrument record hoop strain monitor and axial strain monitor's stress-strain data, the processing data summarizes the sample soft rock rheological behavior that awaits measuring.
The device has a simple structure, and solves the problem that the traditional rheometer can cause the termination or the error of a rheological test under the condition of power failure or unstable voltage; the coordination of force and moment arm displacement is facilitated in the loading process by adopting the multi-level lever; simple structure, the low price, through the estimation, the price of purchasing a conventional rock rheometer can purchase this passive multistage soft rock rheology testing machine more than four, and the parallel test of different pressure levels can be carried out simultaneously to testing machine increase in quantity, shortens test cycle by a wide margin, improves rheological test efficiency, has also reduced the influence of electricity to experimental stability simultaneously, the error that the greatly reduced test process produced. The rheometer carries out loading through a servo-free multistage variable lever force transmission device and carries out long-term effect compression rheological test on a soft rock sample. The force and the force arm can be simultaneously changed by adjusting the positions of the weight on the force application lever and the movable rod on the lever rack, so that the load transfer ratio is changed, and the rheological test of the soft rock under different loads is realized. The device has low manufacturing cost, complete functions, simple and convenient operation and stable loading, can meet the test of various materials, and solves the problem that the conventional rock rheometer fails in the long-term test process or generates larger errors due to outage and voltage instability conditions; meanwhile, the multi-level lever also solves the problems of lever proportion imbalance and inoperability caused by large loading load; the utility model discloses satisfying under the condition of rock unipolar compression rheological test condition, can reduce the testing machine cost by a wide margin, improve rock rheological test's test efficiency and experimental stability, provide necessary solution for the low stress rheological behavior of research soft rock.
Claims (10)
1. A passive soft rock rheological test device is characterized by comprising a lever force transmission device, a loading device and a measuring device;
the lever force transmission device comprises a lever rack (10), a loading lever (9) and a force application lever (17), wherein the loading lever (9) and the force application lever (17) are both rotatably arranged on the lever rack (10), one end of the loading lever (9) is rotatably connected with one end of the force application lever (17) through a two-force rod (14), and the loading lever (9) and the force application lever (17) are arranged in parallel; the other end of the stress application lever (17) is provided with a weight (19);
the loading device comprises a bearing platform (2), a spherical hinge pressure head (8) and a spherical hinge base (7), wherein a vertical support (1) is fixed on the bearing platform (2), a lower pressure head (3) and an upper pressure head (6) are arranged in the vertical support (1), the upper pressure head (6) is arranged at the upper end of the lower pressure head (3), a to-be-tested piece (4) is placed between the lower pressure head (3) and the upper pressure head (6), the spherical hinge base (7) is placed at the upper end of the upper pressure head (6), the other end of a loading lever (9) is hinged with the spherical hinge pressure head (8), and the spherical hinge pressure head (8) can be placed in contact with the upper end face of the spherical hinge base (7) under the action of the loading lever (9;
the measuring device comprises an axial strain monitor (5) and a hoop strain monitor (22), wherein the axial strain monitor (5) is arranged between a lower pressure head (3) and an upper pressure head (6), one end of the axial strain monitor (5) is in contact with the upper end of the lower pressure head (3), the other end of the axial strain monitor (5) is in contact with the lower end of the upper pressure head (6), and the hoop strain monitor (22) is sleeved on the periphery of a sample to be measured.
2. A passive soft rock rheology test device according to claim 1 characterised in that the axial strain monitor (5) and the hoop strain monitor (22) are connected to a data acquisition unit (23).
3. The passive soft rock rheological test device of claim 1, wherein two ends of the two-force rod (14) are respectively and rotatably connected with one end of the stress application lever (17) and one end of the loading lever (9) through hinge pins.
4. The passive soft rock rheological test device of claim 1, wherein the lever rack (10) is provided with two moving rods (12) which are vertically arranged in parallel, the loading lever (9) is hinged with one of the moving rods, and the stressing lever (17) is hinged with the other moving rod.
5. A passive soft rock rheology test device according to claim 4 characterised in that the distance between the two moving rods (12) is adjustable.
6. The passive soft rock rheological test device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the lever rack (10) are respectively provided with a plurality of movable hinged supports (11), and two ends of the movable rod (12) are arranged on the two movable hinged supports (11) in the same vertical direction.
7. A passive soft rock rheological test device according to claim 5, characterized in that a plurality of rows of force transmission levers (16) are arranged between the loading lever (9) and the stressing lever (17), and two adjacent force transmission levers (16) are not hinged on the same movable rod (12); one end of the force transmission lever (16) of the uppermost row in the multiple rows of force transmission levers (16) is hinged with one end of the loading lever (9) through the two force rods (14), one end of the force transmission lever (16) of the lowermost row in the multiple rows of force transmission levers (16) is hinged with one end of the stress application lever (17) through the two force rods (14), and one end of each two adjacent force transmission levers (16) is rotatably connected.
8. The passive soft rock rheological test device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least three axial strain monitors (5) are arranged around the sample (4) to be tested, and at least three circumferential strain monitors (22) are sleeved around the sample (4) to be tested.
9. The passive soft rock rheological test device according to claim 1, characterized in that a groove for placing the ball joint pressure head (8) is formed in the upper end of the ball joint base (7), and the ball joint pressure head (8) can be placed in the arc groove in the upper end of the ball joint base (7) under the action of the loading lever (9).
10. A passive soft rock rheology test device according to claim 1 characterised in that the other end of the force lever (17) is connected to a weight tray (20) for placing weights (19).
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| CN202022721309.3U CN213516687U (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Passive soft rock rheological test device |
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| CN202022721309.3U CN213516687U (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Passive soft rock rheological test device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114166647A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-11 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Experimental device and experimental method for water immersion weakening of dam body of underground reservoir |
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2020
- 2020-11-23 CN CN202022721309.3U patent/CN213516687U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114166647A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-11 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Experimental device and experimental method for water immersion weakening of dam body of underground reservoir |
| CN114166647B (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2024-01-26 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Experimental device and experimental method for submerged weakening of dam body of underground reservoir |
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