CN114161329A - Preparation method of ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel - Google Patents
Preparation method of ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN114161329A CN114161329A CN202111426182.5A CN202111426182A CN114161329A CN 114161329 A CN114161329 A CN 114161329A CN 202111426182 A CN202111426182 A CN 202111426182A CN 114161329 A CN114161329 A CN 114161329A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0009—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/14—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/14—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings
- B24D3/18—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings for porous or cellular structure
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- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel, and belongs to the technical field of abrasive tools. The invention provides a negative pressure filling device for preparing a superhard grinding wheel, which comprises a slurry chamber, an elastic window, a vacuum chamber, an object stage, a lifting device and a fixing groove, wherein the elastic window is arranged on the object stage; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a main ceramic bond base block from a main ceramic bond under the action of a pore-forming agent, sucking mixed slurry filled with the ceramic bond, the superhard abrasive and the auxiliary material into a pore structure in the main ceramic bond by using a negative pressure filling device, drying, and then sintering again to prepare the ceramic bond composite structure abrasive block. According to the invention, the negative pressure is absorbed into the pores of the main ceramic bond, so that the bonding uniformity of the bond and the abrasive in the pores and the distribution uniformity of the abrasive are improved, the requirement on the uniformity of mixed materials in the traditional preparation process is lowered, the influence of a forming process is effectively reduced, and the product yield is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of abrasive tools, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel.
Background
Vitrified bonded superabrasive wheels are typically composed of a substrate and a working layer. The working layer is distributed on the outer circumferential surface or the end surface of the grinding wheel base body, is usually formed by splicing a plurality of abrasive blocks, directly participates in grinding processing, and is a key part for determining the service performance of the grinding wheel. The ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel working layer abrasive block is generally prepared by mixing ceramic bond, superhard abrasive and other components, pressing, drying, sintering and machining. The internal structure of the abrasive block affects the processing performance of the superhard abrasive wheel, particularly the roughness of the workpiece surface and the problem of grinding burn under high-speed grinding conditions. The superhard material grinding wheel material block is internally distributed with air holes which are communicated with each other. In the grinding process, the air holes have the functions of containing chips and removing chips, and meanwhile, cooling liquid is brought into a grinding area to have the function of cooling a workpiece, so that the preparation process of the grinding block is very important.
In the process of preparing the abrasive block, ceramic bond, superhard abrasive, pore-forming agent and the like are usually mixed under the action of a wetting agent, a wet blank of the abrasive block is prepared through a compression molding process, then the wet blank is dried and sintered, and finally the wet blank is solidified on the corresponding part of a grinding wheel matrix for finishing and processing to prepare the finished product of the superhard grinding wheel. In the material mixing process, because the bonding agent, the superhard abrasive and the pore-forming agent have large differences in the aspects of material quality, granularity, density and the like, and the uniformity degree of the mixed powder is limited, the ideal state that the ceramic bonding agent is uniformly distributed on the surface of the abrasive is difficult to achieve. Meanwhile, in the forming process, due to the poor fluidity of the mixed powder, the consistency of the internal density of the pressed wet blank of the abrasive block is greatly influenced by operators. Therefore, how to improve the stability of the preparation process of the abrasive block of the working layer of the superhard grinding wheel is a common problem in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides a preparation method of a ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel, which comprises the steps of designing a composite structure grinding block by utilizing a through pore structure in a sintered ceramic bond, preparing a main ceramic bond base block by utilizing a main ceramic bond under the action of a pore-forming agent, controlling the pore structure in the main ceramic bond base block by utilizing the pore-forming agent, sucking the pore structure in the main ceramic bond base block by utilizing a negative pressure filling device for mixed slurry filled with the ceramic bond, superhard grinding materials and auxiliary materials, drying and then sintering for the second time to prepare the ceramic bond composite structure grinding block. The problem of among the prior art in the preparation process of superhard grinding wheel working layer abrasive material piece mixing homogeneity and the shaping density uniformity poor is solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention discloses a ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel, which is characterized in that a main ceramic bond base block is prepared from a main ceramic bond under the action of a pore-forming agent, the pore structure inside the main ceramic bond base block is controlled by the pore-forming agent, then mixed slurry filled with a ceramic bond, a superhard grinding material and auxiliary materials is sucked into the pore structure inside the main ceramic bond base block by a negative pressure filling device, the mixture is dried and then sintered for the second time, a ceramic bond composite structure grinding material block is prepared, and the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is prepared by finishing.
Preferably, the negative pressure filling device comprises an upper slurry chamber and a lower vacuum chamber, the bottom of the slurry chamber is seamlessly communicated with the top of the vacuum chamber through an elastic window, a lifting device is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum chamber, an object stage is arranged at the top of the lifting device, and a fixing groove is formed in the object stage.
Preferably, the slurry chamber is used for storing mixed slurry filled with ceramic bond, super-hard abrasive and auxiliary materials; the fixing groove is used for positioning and fixing the main ceramic bond base block; the primary ceramic bond matrix is extruded from the vacuum chamber into the slurry chamber through the resilient window.
Preferably, the lifting speed of the lifting device is 1-5 cm/min.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel, which comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing a main ceramic bonding agent, a pore-forming agent and a wetting agent to prepare mixed powder;
secondly, performing compression molding on the mixed powder prepared in the first step to prepare a wet primary ceramic bond blank, and drying and sintering the wet primary ceramic bond blank to prepare a primary ceramic bond base block;
uniformly mixing the filling ceramic bond, the superhard grinding material and the auxiliary material with matched granularity to prepare mixed slurry;
filling the mixed slurry prepared in the step (III) into the pore structure of the main ceramic bond base block prepared in the step (II) by using a negative pressure filling device, and drying and sintering the filled main ceramic bond base block to prepare the ceramic bond composite structure abrasive block;
and fifthly, the grinding material block with the composite structure is consolidated at the corresponding part of the grinding wheel matrix, and the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is prepared through finishing.
Preferably, in the step (i), the mass ratio of the main ceramic bond, the pore-forming agent and the wetting agent is (40-70): 30-60): 3-10.
Preferably, in the third step, the mass ratio of the filled ceramic bond, the super-hard abrasive and the auxiliary material is (12-30): (20-35): (40-65).
Preferably, in the third step, the superhard material is diamond or cubic boron nitride.
Preferably, in the third step, the auxiliary material is one or a combination of white corundum, brown corundum, black corundum, silicon carbide, copper powder, iron powder and tin powder.
Preferably, in the step (iv), the negative pressure filling step is as follows: placing the mixed slurry (2) in a slurry chamber (1), and then placing the main ceramic bond base block (3) in a fixed groove (8); starting the lifting device to enable the lifting device (7) to drive the main ceramic bond base block (3) to ascend until the top of the main ceramic bond base block (3) is contacted with the elastic window (4); starting a vacuum pump communicated with the vacuum chamber, and simultaneously pushing the main ceramic bond base block (3) into the slurry chamber (1) through the elastic window (4) by the lifting device; under the action of vacuum negative pressure, the mixed slurry (2) enters a pore structure inside the main ceramic bond base block (3) to carry out negative pressure filling operation; and (4) stopping the vacuum pump after the negative pressure filling operation is finished, and descending the lifting device (7) to the initial position to prepare the filled main ceramic bond base block.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention discloses a negative pressure filling device.A main ceramic bond base block is driven by a lifting device, the filling process is gradually transited from one end to the other end, pores can be uniformly filled, and no filling is reduced; the filling direction is vertical to the radial direction of the main ceramic bond base block, so that the main ceramic bond base block can be uniformly filled along the radial direction, and the problem of inconsistent performance of the inner layer and the outer layer of the grinding wheel caused by nonuniform filling along the radial direction is solved.
(2) The invention utilizes the distribution design of the internal pores of the binding agent of the working layer of the superhard grinding wheel to effectively control the distribution of the grinding materials and improve the performance design and control capability of the ceramic binding agent superhard grinding wheel.
(3) Through reasonable selection and matching of the main bonding agent and the filling bonding agent of the working layer of the superhard grinding wheel, the service performance of the grinding wheel is effectively adjusted and improved, and the traditional understanding of the unique approach of the ceramic bonding agent superhard grinding wheel adjustment formula is changed.
(4) The invention has higher fluidity under the condition of liquid mixing of the filling bonding agent and the abrasive, and the filling bonding agent and the abrasive enter the pores of the main bonding agent through negative pressure adsorption, thereby improving the bonding uniformity of the bonding agent and the abrasive in the pores and the distribution uniformity of the abrasive; the requirement on the uniformity of the mixed materials in the traditional preparation process is lowered, the influence of a forming procedure is effectively reduced, and the product yield is improved.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a negative pressure device.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ceramic bond composite structure abrasive block (1-main ceramic bond, 2-pore, 3-packed ceramic bond, 4-superabrasive).
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the examples, but it will be understood that the description is intended to illustrate the features and advantages of the invention further and is not intended to limit the invention to the claims.
All of the starting materials of the present invention, without particular limitation as to their source, may be purchased commercially or prepared according to conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.
The test methods described in the following examples of the present invention are all carried out in a conventional manner unless otherwise specified.
The method for manufacturing a vitrified bond superhard grinding wheel according to the present invention will be described with reference to the following embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following embodiments.
Example 1
A ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is prepared by preparing a main ceramic bond base block from a main ceramic bond under the action of a pore-forming agent, controlling a pore structure in the main ceramic bond base block by using the pore-forming agent, sucking mixed slurry filled with a ceramic bond, a superhard grinding material and auxiliary materials into the pore structure in the main ceramic bond base block by using a negative pressure filling device, drying, then carrying out secondary sintering to prepare a ceramic bond composite structure grinding material block, and then carrying out finishing processing to prepare the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel.
Example 2
A ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is prepared by preparing a main ceramic bond base block from a main ceramic bond under the action of a pore-forming agent, controlling a pore structure in the main ceramic bond base block by using the pore-forming agent, sucking mixed slurry filled with a ceramic bond, a superhard grinding material and auxiliary materials into the pore structure in the main ceramic bond base block by using a negative pressure filling device, drying, then carrying out secondary sintering to prepare a ceramic bond composite structure grinding material block, and then carrying out finishing processing to prepare the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel.
The negative pressure filling device comprises a slurry chamber at the upper part and a vacuum chamber at the lower part, the bottom of the slurry chamber is seamlessly communicated with the top of the vacuum chamber through an elastic window, a lifting device is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum chamber, the lifting speed of the lifting device is 1-5cm/min, an object stage is arranged at the top of the lifting device, and a fixing groove is formed in the object stage.
The slurry chamber is used for storing mixed slurry filled with ceramic bond, super-hard abrasive and auxiliary materials; the fixing groove is used for positioning and fixing the main ceramic bond base block; the primary ceramic bond matrix is extruded from the vacuum chamber into the slurry chamber through the resilient window.
Example 3
A preparation method of a ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing a main ceramic bonding agent, a pore-forming agent and a wetting agent according to the mass ratio of (40-70) to (30-60) to (3-10) to prepare mixed powder.
Secondly, the mixed powder prepared in the step one is pressed and formed to prepare a wet blank of the main ceramic bond, and then the wet blank of the main ceramic bond is dried and sintered to prepare a base block of the main ceramic bond.
Thirdly, uniformly mixing the filling bonding agent, the super-hard abrasive and the auxiliary material with the matched granularity according to the mass ratio of (12-30) to (20-35) to (40-65) to prepare the mixed slurry.
And fourthly, filling the mixed slurry prepared in the third step into the pores of the main ceramic bond base block prepared in the second step by using a negative pressure filling device, and drying and sintering the filled main ceramic bond base block to prepare the ceramic bond composite structure abrasive block.
And fifthly, the grinding material block with the composite structure is consolidated at the corresponding part of the grinding wheel matrix, and the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is prepared through finishing.
Example 4
A preparation method of a ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing a main ceramic bonding agent, a pore-forming agent and a wetting agent according to the mass ratio of (40-70) to (30-60) to (3-10) to prepare mixed powder.
Secondly, the mixed powder prepared in the step one is pressed and formed to prepare a wet blank of the main ceramic bond, and then the wet blank of the main ceramic bond is dried and sintered to prepare a base block of the main ceramic bond.
Thirdly, uniformly mixing the filling bonding agent, the super-hard abrasive and the auxiliary material with the matched granularity according to the mass ratio of (12-30) to (20-35) to (40-65) to prepare the mixed slurry.
Fourthly, placing the mixed slurry 2 prepared in the third step into a slurry chamber 1, and then placing the main ceramic bond base block 3 into a fixed groove 8; starting the lifting device to enable the lifting device 7 to drive the main ceramic bond base block 3 to ascend until the top of the main ceramic bond base block 3 is in contact with the elastic window 4; starting a vacuum pump communicated with the vacuum chamber, and simultaneously, pushing the main ceramic bond base block 3 into the slurry chamber 1 through the elastic window 4 by the lifting device; under the action of vacuum negative pressure, the mixed slurry 2 enters a pore structure inside the main ceramic bond base block 3 to carry out negative pressure filling operation; after the negative pressure filling operation is completed, the vacuum pump stops working, the lifting device 7 descends to the initial position to prepare a filled main ceramic bond base block, and the filled main ceramic bond base block is dried and sintered to prepare the ceramic bond composite structure abrasive block, wherein the schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ceramic bond composite structure abrasive block is shown in fig. 2.
And fifthly, the grinding material block with the composite structure is consolidated at the corresponding part of the grinding wheel matrix, and the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is prepared through finishing.
Example 5
A ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is prepared by preparing a main ceramic bond base block from a main ceramic bond under the action of a pore-forming agent, controlling a pore structure in the main ceramic bond base block by using the pore-forming agent, sucking mixed slurry filled with a ceramic bond, a superhard grinding material and auxiliary materials into the pore structure in the main ceramic bond base block by using a negative pressure filling device, drying, then carrying out secondary sintering to prepare a ceramic bond composite structure grinding material block, and then carrying out finishing processing to prepare the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel.
A preparation method of a ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing a main ceramic bonding agent, a pore-forming agent and a wetting agent according to the mass ratio of (40-70) to (30-60) to (3-10) to prepare mixed powder.
Secondly, the mixed powder prepared in the step one is pressed and formed to prepare a wet blank of the main ceramic bond, and then the wet blank of the main ceramic bond is dried and sintered to prepare a base block of the main ceramic bond.
Thirdly, uniformly mixing the filling bonding agent, the super-hard abrasive and the auxiliary material with the matched granularity according to the mass ratio of (12-30) to (20-35) to (40-65) to prepare the mixed slurry.
And fourthly, filling the mixed slurry prepared in the third step into the pores of the main ceramic bond base block prepared in the second step by using a negative pressure filling device, and drying and sintering the filled main ceramic bond base block to prepare the ceramic bond composite structure abrasive block.
And fifthly, the grinding material block with the composite structure is consolidated at the corresponding part of the grinding wheel matrix, and the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is prepared through finishing.
Example 6
The method for manufacturing the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel takes the manufacturing of a ceramic bond diamond grinding wheel with the model number of 200 x 10 x 37.5 x 5 (the outer diameter is 200mm, the inner hole is 37.5mm, the thickness is 10mm, and the working layer is 5 mm) as an example, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, main ceramic bonding agent with the granularity of 270/325 meshes, resin pore-forming agent with the granularity of 80 mu m and phenolic resin liquid are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 40:55:5 to prepare mixed powder.
Secondly, pressing into an arc-shaped main ceramic bond base block wet blank with the inner diameter of 190mm, the outer diameter of 202mm, the length of 30mm, the width of 10.5mm and the thickness of 6mm by using a mold with specified requirements on a forming press, and drying the main ceramic bond base block wet blank in a drying oven at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 24 hours to prepare the main ceramic bond base block.
Thirdly, uniformly mixing the filling ceramic bond with the granularity of 20 mu m, the diamond with the granularity of 30 mu m and the white corundum auxiliary material with the granularity of 30 mu m according to the mass ratio of 15:20:65 to prepare mixed powder, and mixing the mixed powder and the dextrin liquid according to the mass ratio of 1:0.3 to prepare mixed slurry.
Placing the mixed slurry prepared in the step (III) into a slurry chamber 1 of a negative pressure filling device, placing a main ceramic bond base block 3 into a fixed groove 8 on an object stage 6 at the top of a lifting device 7 of a vacuum chamber 5 of the negative pressure filling device, completing negative pressure filling of the main ceramic bond base block according to the negative pressure filling operation step, and placing the main ceramic bond base block filled with negative pressure into a high-temperature resistance furnace for firing to prepare the ceramic bond composite structure abrasive block.
And fifthly, the grinding material block with the composite structure is consolidated at the corresponding part of the grinding wheel matrix, and the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is prepared through finishing.
Example 7
The method for manufacturing the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel takes the manufacturing of a ceramic bond diamond grinding wheel with the model number of 200 × 8 × 37.5 × 3 (the outer diameter is 200mm, the inner hole is 37.5mm, the thickness is 8mm, and the working layer is 3 mm) as an example, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, main ceramic bonding agent with the granularity of 270/325 meshes, resin pore-forming agent with the granularity of 100 mu m and phenolic resin liquid are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 40:55:5 to prepare mixed powder.
Secondly, pressing into an arc-shaped main ceramic bond base block wet blank with the inner diameter of 194mm, the outer diameter of 201mm, the length of 30mm, the width of 8.5mm and the thickness of 3.5mm by using a mold with specified requirements on a forming press, and drying the wet blank of the main ceramic bond base block in a drying box at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 30 hours to prepare the main ceramic bond base block.
Thirdly, uniformly mixing the filling ceramic bond with the granularity of 30 mu m, the diamond micro powder with the granularity of 50 mu m and the white corundum auxiliary material with the granularity of 50 mu m according to the mass ratio of 15:20:65 to prepare mixed powder, and mixing the mixed powder and the epoxy resin liquid diluted by alcohol according to the mass ratio of 1:0.4 to prepare mixed slurry.
Placing the mixed slurry prepared in the step (III) into a slurry chamber 1 of a negative pressure filling device, placing a main ceramic bond base block 3 into a fixed groove 8 on an object stage 6 at the top of a lifting device 7 of a vacuum chamber 5 of the negative pressure filling device, completing negative pressure filling of the main ceramic bond base block according to the negative pressure filling operation step, and placing the main ceramic bond base block filled with negative pressure into a high-temperature resistance furnace for firing to prepare the ceramic bond composite structure abrasive block.
And fifthly, the grinding material block with the composite structure is consolidated at the corresponding part of the grinding wheel matrix, and the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is prepared through finishing.
Example 8
The method for manufacturing the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel takes the manufacturing of a ceramic bond diamond grinding wheel with the model number of 200 x 10 x 37.5 x 5 (the outer diameter is 200mm, the inner hole is 37.5mm, the thickness is 10mm, and the working layer is 5 mm) as an example, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, main ceramic bonding agent with the granularity of 270/325 meshes, resin pore-forming agent with the granularity of 80 mu m and phenolic resin liquid are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 50:47:3 to prepare mixed powder.
Secondly, pressing into an arc-shaped main ceramic bond base block wet blank with the inner diameter of 190mm, the outer diameter of 202mm, the length of 30mm, the width of 10.5mm and the thickness of 6mm by using a mold with specified requirements on a forming press, and drying the main ceramic bond base block wet blank in a drying oven at 100 ℃ for 15 hours to prepare the main ceramic bond base block.
Thirdly, uniformly mixing the filling ceramic bond with the granularity of 20 mu m, the diamond micro powder with the granularity of 30 mu m and the white corundum auxiliary material with the granularity of 30 mu m according to the mass ratio of 20:30:50 to prepare mixed powder, and mixing the mixed powder and the epoxy resin liquid diluted by alcohol according to the mass ratio of 1:0.35 to prepare mixed slurry.
Placing the mixed slurry prepared in the step (III) into a slurry chamber 1 of a negative pressure filling device, placing a main ceramic bond base block 3 into a fixed groove 8 on an object stage 6 at the top of a lifting device 7 of a vacuum chamber 5 of the negative pressure filling device, completing negative pressure filling of the main ceramic bond base block according to the negative pressure filling operation step, and placing the main ceramic bond base block filled with negative pressure into a high-temperature resistance furnace for firing to prepare the ceramic bond composite structure abrasive block.
And fifthly, the grinding material block with the composite structure is consolidated at the corresponding part of the grinding wheel matrix, and the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is prepared through finishing.
Example 9
The method for manufacturing the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel takes the manufacturing of a ceramic bond diamond grinding wheel with the model number of 200 × 8 × 37.5 × 3 (the outer diameter is 200mm, the inner hole is 37.5mm, the thickness is 8mm, and the working layer is 3 mm) as an example, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, main ceramic bonding agent with the granularity of 270/325 meshes, resin pore-forming agent with the granularity of 100 mu m and phenolic resin liquid are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 40:52:8 to prepare mixed powder.
Secondly, pressing into an arc-shaped main ceramic bond base block wet blank with the inner diameter of 194mm, the outer diameter of 201mm, the length of 30mm, the width of 8.5mm and the thickness of 3.5mm by using a mold with specified requirements on a forming press, and drying the wet blank of the main ceramic bond base block in a drying box at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 30 hours to prepare the main ceramic bond base block.
Thirdly, uniformly mixing the filling ceramic bond with the granularity of 30 mu m, the diamond micro powder with the granularity of 50 mu m and the white corundum auxiliary material with the granularity of 50 mu m according to the mass ratio of 25:30:45 to prepare mixed powder, and mixing the mixed powder and the dextrin liquid according to the mass ratio of 1:0.4 to prepare mixed slurry.
Placing the mixed slurry prepared in the step (III) into a slurry chamber 1 of a negative pressure filling device, placing a main ceramic bond base block 3 into a fixed groove 8 on an object stage 6 at the top of a lifting device 7 of a vacuum chamber 5 of the negative pressure filling device, completing negative pressure filling of the main ceramic bond base block according to the negative pressure filling operation step, and placing the main ceramic bond base block filled with negative pressure into a high-temperature resistance furnace for firing to prepare the ceramic bond composite structure abrasive block.
And fifthly, the grinding material block with the composite structure is consolidated at the corresponding part of the grinding wheel matrix, and the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is prepared through finishing.
Example 10
The method for manufacturing the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel takes the manufacturing of a ceramic bond diamond grinding wheel with the model number of 200 x 10 x 37.5 x 5 (the outer diameter is 200mm, the inner hole is 37.5mm, the thickness is 10mm, and the working layer is 5 mm) as an example, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, main ceramic bonding agent with the granularity of 270/325 meshes, resin pore-forming agent with the granularity of 80 mu m and phenolic resin liquid are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 60:30:10 to prepare mixed powder.
Secondly, pressing into an arc-shaped main ceramic bond base block wet blank with the inner diameter of 190mm, the outer diameter of 202mm, the length of 30mm, the width of 10.5mm and the thickness of 6mm by using a mold with specified requirements on a forming press, and drying the main ceramic bond base block wet blank in a drying oven at 100 ℃ for 15 hours to prepare the main ceramic bond base block.
Thirdly, uniformly mixing the filling ceramic bond with the granularity of 20 mu m, the diamond micro powder with the granularity of 30 mu m and the white corundum auxiliary material with the granularity of 30 mu m according to the mass ratio of 30:20:50 to prepare mixed powder, and mixing the mixed powder and the dextrin liquid according to the mass ratio of 1:0.35 to prepare mixed slurry.
Placing the mixed slurry prepared in the step (III) into a slurry chamber 1 of a negative pressure filling device, placing a main ceramic bond base block 3 into a fixed groove 8 on an object stage 6 at the top of a lifting device 7 of a vacuum chamber 5 of the negative pressure filling device, completing negative pressure filling of the main ceramic bond base block according to the negative pressure filling operation step, and placing the main ceramic bond base block filled with negative pressure into a high-temperature resistance furnace for firing to prepare the ceramic bond composite structure abrasive block.
And fifthly, the grinding material block with the composite structure is consolidated at the corresponding part of the grinding wheel matrix, and the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is prepared through finishing.
Example 11
The method for manufacturing the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel takes the manufacturing of a ceramic bond diamond grinding wheel with the model number of 200 × 8 × 37.5 × 3 (the outer diameter is 200mm, the inner hole is 37.5mm, the thickness is 8mm, and the working layer is 3 mm) as an example, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, main ceramic bonding agent with the granularity of 270/325 meshes, resin pore-forming agent with the granularity of 100 mu m and phenolic resin liquid are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 50:40:10 to prepare mixed powder.
Secondly, pressing into an arc-shaped main ceramic bond base block wet blank with the inner diameter of 194mm, the outer diameter of 201mm, the length of 30mm, the width of 8.5mm and the thickness of 3.5mm by using a mold with specified requirements on a forming press, and drying the wet blank of the main ceramic bond base block in a drying box at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 30 hours to prepare the main ceramic bond base block.
Thirdly, uniformly mixing the filling ceramic bond with the granularity of 30 mu m, the diamond micro powder with the granularity of 50 mu m and the white corundum auxiliary material with the granularity of 50 mu m according to the mass ratio of 30:30:40 to prepare mixed powder, and mixing the mixed powder and the dextrin liquid according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to prepare mixed slurry.
Placing the mixed slurry prepared in the step (III) into a slurry chamber 1 of a negative pressure filling device, placing a main ceramic bond base block 3 into a fixed groove 8 on an object stage 6 at the top of a lifting device 7 of a vacuum chamber 5 of the negative pressure filling device, completing negative pressure filling of the main ceramic bond base block according to the negative pressure filling operation step, and placing the main ceramic bond base block filled with negative pressure into a high-temperature resistance furnace for firing to prepare the ceramic bond composite structure abrasive block.
And fifthly, the grinding material block with the composite structure is consolidated at the corresponding part of the grinding wheel matrix, and the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is prepared through finishing.
The method for preparing the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A kind of ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel, characterized by that: preparing a main ceramic bond substrate block from a main ceramic bond under the action of a pore-forming agent, controlling a pore structure in the main ceramic bond substrate block by using the pore-forming agent, sucking mixed slurry filled with a ceramic bond, a superhard abrasive and an auxiliary material into the pore structure in the main ceramic bond substrate block by using a negative pressure filling device, drying, then carrying out secondary firing, preparing an abrasive block with a ceramic bond composite structure, and then carrying out finishing processing to prepare the superhard grinding wheel with the ceramic bond.
2. A vitrified bond superhard grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the negative pressure filling device comprises a slurry chamber (1) on the upper portion and a vacuum chamber (5) on the lower portion, the bottom of the slurry chamber (1) is in seamless communication with the top of the vacuum chamber (5) through an elastic window (4), a lifting device (7) is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum chamber (5), an object stage (6) is arranged at the top of the lifting device (7), and a fixing groove (8) is formed in the object stage (6).
3. A vitrified bond superhard grinding wheel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the slurry chamber (1) is used for storing mixed slurry (2) filled with ceramic bond, super-hard abrasive and auxiliary materials; the fixing groove (8) is used for positioning and fixing the primary ceramic bond base block (3); the primary ceramic bond matrix (3) is extruded from the vacuum chamber (5) into the slurry chamber (1) through the elastic window (4).
4. A vitrified bond superhard grinding wheel as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the lifting speed of the lifting device (7) is 1-5 cm/min.
5. A preparation method of a ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing a main ceramic bonding agent, a pore-forming agent and a wetting agent to prepare mixed powder;
secondly, the mixed powder prepared in the first step is pressed and formed to prepare a wet blank of the main ceramic bond,
drying and sintering the wet green body of the main ceramic bond to prepare a main ceramic bond base block;
uniformly mixing the filling ceramic bond, the superhard grinding material and the auxiliary material with matched granularity to prepare mixed slurry;
filling the mixed slurry prepared in the step (III) into the pore structure of the main ceramic bond base block prepared in the step (II) by using a negative pressure filling device, and drying and sintering the filled main ceramic bond base block to prepare the ceramic bond composite structure abrasive block;
and fifthly, the grinding material block with the composite structure is consolidated at the corresponding part of the grinding wheel matrix, and the ceramic bond superhard grinding wheel is prepared through finishing.
6. The method for preparing a vitrified bond superhard grinding wheel according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step I, the mass ratio of the main ceramic bonding agent, the pore-forming agent and the wetting agent is (40-70): (30-60): (3-10).
7. The method for preparing a vitrified bond superhard grinding wheel according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the third step, the mass ratio of the filling ceramic bond, the superhard grinding material and the auxiliary material is (12-30): (20-35): (40-65).
8. The method for manufacturing a vitrified bond superhard grinding wheel according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that: in the third step, the superhard material is diamond or cubic boron nitride.
9. The method for manufacturing a vitrified bond superhard grinding wheel according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that: in the third step, the auxiliary material is one or a combination of white corundum, brown corundum, black corundum, silicon carbide, copper powder, iron powder and tin powder.
10. The method for preparing a vitrified bond superhard grinding wheel according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the fourth step, the negative pressure filling step is as follows: placing the mixed slurry (2) in a slurry chamber (1), and then placing the main ceramic bond base block (3) in a fixed groove (8); starting the lifting device to enable the lifting device (7) to drive the main ceramic bond base block (3) to ascend until the top of the main ceramic bond base block (3) is contacted with the elastic window (4); starting a vacuum pump communicated with the vacuum chamber, and simultaneously pushing the main ceramic bond base block (3) into the slurry chamber (1) through the elastic window (4) by the lifting device; under the action of vacuum negative pressure, the mixed slurry (2) enters a pore structure inside the main ceramic bond base block (3) to carry out negative pressure filling operation; and (4) stopping the vacuum pump after the negative pressure filling operation is finished, and descending the lifting device (7) to the initial position to prepare the filled main ceramic bond base block.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114161329B (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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