CN114158458A - Special lily cultivation medium and lily cultivation method - Google Patents
Special lily cultivation medium and lily cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114158458A CN114158458A CN202111462774.2A CN202111462774A CN114158458A CN 114158458 A CN114158458 A CN 114158458A CN 202111462774 A CN202111462774 A CN 202111462774A CN 114158458 A CN114158458 A CN 114158458A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of lily planting, in particular to a special lily cultivation medium and a special lily cultivation method, wherein the special lily cultivation medium comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60-70 parts of peat soil, 30-35 parts of perlite, 30-35 parts of medical stone, 90-105 parts of river sand, 30-42 parts of vermiculite, 15-21 parts of potassium bacteria, 4-9 parts of rice bran, 10-14 parts of salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution, 30-60 parts of cattail, 10-25 parts of ethyl allophanate and 75-95 parts of a shell, wherein the shell consists of a jujube shell, a citrus peel, a soybean peel, a shrimp shell and a eggshell. The method can improve the loose degree of the cultivation medium, promote the growth and development of the lily, and activate the phosphorus in the cultivation medium, thereby further improving the fertility of the cultivation medium.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lily planting, in particular to a special lily culture medium and a lily culture method.
Background
Bulbus Lilii has effects of nourishing yin, moistening lung, clearing heart fire and tranquilizing mind, and can be used for treating symptoms such as yin deficiency, dry cough, cough with blood, vexation, pavor, insomnia, dreaminess and absentmindedness. With the increasing consumption demand of people on lily, the domestic research on lily planting is deeper and wider.
However, in the process of lily cultivation, the growth of lily is poor due to poor soil air permeability, and soil fertility is insufficient due to the fact that the soil also contains some insoluble phosphorus. Therefore, we propose a culture medium and a method for lily cultivation to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a special lily cultivation medium and a lily cultivation method.
A special cultivation medium for lily comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60-70 parts of peat soil, 30-35 parts of perlite, 30-35 parts of medical stone, 90-105 parts of river sand, 30-42 parts of vermiculite, 15-21 parts of potassium bacteria, 4-9 parts of rice bran, 10-14 parts of salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution, 30-60 parts of cattail, 10-25 parts of ethyl allophanate and 75-95 parts of a shell, wherein the shell consists of a jujube shell, a citrus peel, a soybean peel, a shrimp shell and a eggshell.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the peat soil, the pearl stones, the medical stones and the river sands is 2:1:1: 3.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the rice bran to the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution is 1: 0.4.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the jujube shells, the orange peels, the soybean peels, the shrimp shells and the egg shells in the shell shells is 1:1:2:1: 1.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the salt-free rice vinegar to water of the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution is 1: 300.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the cattail to the allophanate is 3 (1-1.2).
A lily cultivation method comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, cleaning the pearl stone, the medical stone and the vermiculite in the raw materials with clear water, taking out and airing for later use;
s2, mixing and stirring the rice bran, the potassium bacteria, the typha orientalis, the ethyl allophanate, the peat soil, the dried pearl stone, the medical stone and the vermiculite uniformly to obtain a mixed matrix for later use;
s2, soaking the shells in water for 14-20 hours, taking out and airing, cutting the shells into pieces, and grinding the pieces into pieces with the size of 1-3mm for later use;
s3, selecting a planting pot, pouring 1/3 of mixed matrix, spraying 0.4 time of salt-free rice vinegar water solution of rice bran on the surface of the mixed matrix by using a spraying pot, pouring 1/4 of the mixed matrix, spreading, and exposing a groove in the middle;
s4, taking lily plants, placing the roots of bulbs of the lily plants in the grooves, continuously pouring 1/3 of the mixed matrix, wrapping the roots of the lily bulbs, then spreading the hulls on the top, finally pouring the rest of the mixed matrix on the hulls, spreading the mixed matrix flat, and spraying and watering the lily plants by using a spray can after the completion;
s5, spraying the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution again every 15-20 days after planting, and stopping spraying the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution after 3-5 times.
Preferably, the amount of the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution in S5 is 0.3 times of the amount of rice bran, and the amount of each spraying is equally divided by the number of spraying.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the invention, a proper amount of rice bran is added into the cultivation medium, and the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution is sprayed, so that the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution can promote the improvement of the loose degree of soil and the improvement of air permeability, and the rice bran can improve the softness of the soil and effectively promote the growth and development of lily.
2. In the invention, a proper amount of typha and ethyl allophanate are added into the cultivation medium, the typha can promote the development and the curing of soil and improve the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil, and the addition of the ethyl allophanate can activate inactive phosphorus in the soil, thereby further improving the fertility of the soil.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1:
a special cultivation medium for lily comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60 parts of peat soil, 30 parts of perlite, 30 parts of medical stone, 90 parts of river sand, 30 parts of vermiculite, 15 parts of potassium bacteria, 4 parts of rice bran, 10 parts of salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution, 30 parts of typha orientalis, 10 parts of ethyl allophanate and 75 parts of a shell, wherein the shell consists of a jujube shell, a citrus peel, a soybean peel, a shrimp shell and a chicken egg shell.
Example 2:
a special cultivation medium for lily comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 64 parts of peat soil, 32 parts of perlite, 32 parts of medical stone, 96 parts of river sand, 36 parts of vermiculite, 18 parts of potassium bacteria, 4.8 parts of rice bran, 12 parts of salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution, 45 parts of cattail, 15 parts of ethyl allophanate and 85 parts of a shell, wherein the shell consists of a jujube shell, a citrus peel, a soybean peel, a shrimp shell and a chicken egg shell.
Example 3:
a special cultivation medium for lily comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 70 parts of peat soil, 35 parts of perlite, 35 parts of medical stone, 105 parts of river sand, 42 parts of vermiculite, 21 parts of potassium bacteria, 5.6 parts of rice bran, 14 parts of salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution, 60 parts of typha orientalis, 20 parts of ethyl allophanate and 95 parts of a shell, wherein the shell consists of a jujube shell, a citrus peel, a soybean peel, a shrimp shell and a chicken egg shell.
In the above examples 1-3, the mass ratio of peat soil, perlite, medical stone and river sand is 2:1:1: 3; the mass ratio of the rice bran to the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution is 1:0.7, and the volume ratio of the salt-free rice vinegar to the water of the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution is 1: 300; the mass ratio of the jujube shells, the orange peels, the soybean peels, the shrimp shells and the egg shells in the shell shells is 1:1:2:1: 1.
And the cultivation process of lily in the above examples 1-3 is as follows:
s1, firstly, cleaning the pearl stone, the medical stone and the vermiculite in the raw materials with clear water, taking out and airing for later use;
s2, mixing and stirring the rice bran, the potassium bacteria, the typha orientalis, the ethyl allophanate, the peat soil, the dried pearl stone, the medical stone and the vermiculite uniformly to obtain a mixed matrix for later use;
s2, soaking the shells in water for 18 hours, taking out the shells to air, cutting the shells into pieces after air drying, and grinding the pieces into pieces with the size of 1-3mm for later use;
s3, selecting a planting pot, pouring 1/3 of mixed matrix, spraying 0.4 time of salt-free rice vinegar water solution of rice bran on the surface of the mixed matrix by using a spraying pot, pouring 1/4 of the mixed matrix, spreading, and exposing a groove in the middle;
s4, taking lily plants, placing the roots of bulbs of the lily plants in the grooves, continuously pouring 1/3 of the mixed matrix, wrapping the roots of the lily bulbs, then spreading the hulls on the top, finally pouring the rest of the mixed matrix on the hulls, spreading the mixed matrix flat, and spraying and watering the lily plants by using a spray can after the completion;
and S5, spraying the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution once again every 15 days after planting, and stopping spraying the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution after 3 times of continuous spraying, wherein the amount of the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution is 0.3 time of that of the rice bran, and the amount of each spraying is evenly distributed according to the spraying times.
Test one: detection of the extent of looseness in Lily cultivation Medium
Comparative example 1: compared with the example 1, the raw materials are consistent except that no rice bran is contained;
comparative example 2: compared with the example 2, the raw materials are consistent except that no rice bran is contained;
comparative example 3: compared with the example 3, the raw materials are consistent except that no rice bran is contained;
the cultivation process of comparative examples 1 to 3 was identical except that no rice bran was added in the step of S2.
Comparative example 4: compared with the example 1, the raw materials are consistent except that the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution is not contained;
comparative example 5: compared with the example 2, the raw materials are consistent except that the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution is not contained;
comparative example 6: compared with the example 3, the raw materials are consistent except that the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution is not contained;
the cultivation process of the above comparative examples 4 to 6 was as follows:
s1, firstly, cleaning the pearl stone, the medical stone and the vermiculite in the raw materials with clear water, taking out and airing for later use;
s2, mixing and stirring the rice bran, the potassium bacteria, the typha orientalis, the ethyl allophanate, the peat soil, the dried pearl stone, the medical stone and the vermiculite uniformly to obtain a mixed matrix for later use;
s2, soaking the shells in water for 18 hours, taking out the shells to air, cutting the shells into pieces after air drying, and grinding the pieces into pieces with the size of 1-3mm for later use;
s3, selecting a planting pot, pouring 2/3 of mixed matrix, spreading, and exposing the groove in the middle;
s4, taking lily plants, placing the roots of bulbs of the lily plants in the grooves, continuously pouring 1/3 of the mixed matrix, wrapping the roots of the lily bulbs, then spreading the hulls on the top, finally pouring the rest of the mixed matrix on the hulls, spreading the mixed matrix flat, and spraying and watering the lily plants by using a spray can after the completion;
and S5, spraying water again every 15 days after planting, and stopping spraying after 3 times of duration.
Reference example 1: compared with the example 1, the raw materials are consistent except for the water solution of the rice bran-free and salt-free rice vinegar;
reference example 2: compared with the example 2, the raw materials are consistent except for the water solution of the rice bran-free and salt-free rice vinegar;
reference example 3: compared with the example 3, the raw materials are consistent except for the water solution of the rice bran-free and salt-free rice vinegar;
the cultivation process of the above reference examples 1 to 3 was as follows:
s1, firstly, cleaning the pearl stone, the medical stone and the vermiculite in the raw materials with clear water, taking out and airing for later use;
s2, mixing and stirring the aired perlite, medical stone, vermiculite, potassium bacteria, cattail, ethyl allophanate and peat soil uniformly to obtain a mixed matrix for later use;
s2, soaking the shells in water for 18 hours, taking out the shells to air, cutting the shells into pieces after air drying, and grinding the pieces into pieces with the size of 1-3mm for later use;
s3, selecting a planting pot, pouring 2/3 of mixed matrix, and exposing the groove in the middle;
s4, taking lily plants, placing the roots of the bulbs in the grooves, continuously pouring 1/4 of the mixed matrix, wrapping the roots of the lily bulbs, then spreading the hulls on the top, finally pouring the rest of the mixed matrix on the hulls, spreading the mixed matrix flat, and spraying and watering the lily plants by using a spray can after the completion.
The following tests were carried out for the cultivation of lily in the above examples 1 to 3, comparative examples 1 to 6 and reference examples 1 to 3: the porosity of the soil was measured at monthly intervals using the guillotine method and is reported in the following table:
from the above test results, it can be seen that the porosity of the cultivation media in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 6 is continuously increased along with the growth of lily, but the porosity of the cultivation media in comparative examples 1 to 6 is not increased as much as that of examples 1 to 3, while the porosity of the cultivation media in reference examples 1 to 3 is substantially maintained and is low, and thus it can be seen that the porosity of the cultivation media is gradually increased from high to low as in examples > comparative examples > reference examples, that is, the combination of rice bran and the salt-free vinegar aqueous solution can significantly increase the porosity of the cultivation media and is more helpful to promote the aeration requirement in the lily growth.
And (2) test II: detection of phosphorus in Lily culture Medium
Comparative example 7: compared with example 1, the raw materials are identical except that the allophanate is not contained;
comparative example 8: compared with the example 2, the raw materials are consistent except that the allophanate is not contained;
comparative example 9: compared with example 3, the raw materials are identical except that the allophanate is not contained;
the cultivation process of comparative examples 7 to 9 was identical except that allophanate was not added in step S2.
Comparative example 10: compared with the example 1, the raw materials are consistent except that the cattail is not contained;
comparative example 11: compared with the example 2, the raw materials are consistent except that the cattail is not contained;
comparative example 12: compared with the example 3, the raw materials are consistent except that the cattail is not contained;
the cultivation process of the above comparative examples 10 to 12 was identical except that Typha was not added in the step of S2.
Reference example 4: compared with the example 1, the raw materials are consistent except that the cattail and the allophanate are not contained;
reference example 5: compared with the example 2, the raw materials are consistent except that the cattail and the allophanate are not contained;
reference example 6: compared with the example 3, the raw materials are consistent except that the cattail and the allophanate are not contained;
the cultivation process of reference examples 4 to 6 was identical except that Typha and allophanate were not added in step S2.
The phosphorus content in the culture medium during the cultivation of lily in the above examples 1 to 3, comparative examples 7 to 9 and reference examples 4 to 6 was measured according to NY/T1121.7-2014, part 7 of soil testing: determination of soil available phosphorus ", the results are reported in the following table:
from the above test results, in each group of tests, the effective phosphorus content is from high to low in the order of the example > the comparative example > the reference example, and the effective phosphorus content of the cultivation medium in the example can be more than 2 times of the effective phosphorus content of the cultivation medium in the comparative example, so that the combined use of the typha and the allophanate can more remarkably improve the phosphorus content of the cultivation medium for lily growth.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The special cultivation medium for the lily is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60-70 parts of peat soil, 30-35 parts of perlite, 30-35 parts of medical stone, 90-105 parts of river sand, 30-42 parts of vermiculite, 15-21 parts of potassium bacteria, 4-9 parts of rice bran, 10-14 parts of salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution, 30-60 parts of cattail, 10-25 parts of ethyl allophanate and 75-95 parts of a shell, wherein the shell consists of a jujube shell, a citrus peel, a soybean peel, a shrimp shell and a eggshell.
2. The cultivation medium special for lily as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of peat soil, perlite, medical stone and river sand is 2:1:1: 3.
3. The cultivation medium special for lily according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the rice bran to the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution is 1: 0.7.
4. The cultivation medium special for lily according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the jujube shell, the orange peel, the soybean peel, the shrimp shell and the egg shell in the peel shell is 1:1:2:1: 1.
5. The cultivation medium special for lily according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the salt-free rice vinegar to the water of the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution is 1: 300.
6. The cultivation medium special for lily as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of typha angustifolia to ethyl allophanate is 3 (1-1.2).
7. A lily cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, firstly, cleaning the pearl stone, the medical stone and the vermiculite in the raw materials with clear water, taking out and airing for later use;
s2, mixing and stirring the rice bran, the potassium bacteria, the typha orientalis, the ethyl allophanate, the peat soil, the dried pearl stone, the medical stone and the vermiculite uniformly to obtain a mixed matrix for later use;
s2, soaking the shells in water for 14-20 hours, taking out and airing, cutting the shells into pieces, and grinding the pieces into pieces with the size of 1-3mm for later use;
s3, selecting a planting pot, pouring 1/3 of mixed matrix, spraying 0.4 time of salt-free rice vinegar water solution of rice bran on the surface of the mixed matrix by using a spraying pot, pouring 1/4 of the mixed matrix, spreading, and exposing a groove in the middle;
s4, taking lily plants, placing the roots of bulbs of the lily plants in the grooves, continuously pouring 1/3 of the mixed matrix, wrapping the roots of the lily bulbs, then spreading the hulls on the top, finally pouring the rest of the mixed matrix on the hulls, spreading the mixed matrix flat, and spraying and watering the lily plants by using a spray can after the completion;
s5, spraying the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution again every 15-20 days after planting, and stopping spraying the salt-free rice vinegar aqueous solution after 3-5 times.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the amount of the salt-free vinegar aqueous solution used in S5 is 0.3 times of the amount of the rice bran, and the amount of each spraying is evenly distributed according to the number of spraying.
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