CN114156645B - Novel Beidou slot RDSS antenna and etching method - Google Patents

Novel Beidou slot RDSS antenna and etching method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114156645B
CN114156645B CN202210125449.5A CN202210125449A CN114156645B CN 114156645 B CN114156645 B CN 114156645B CN 202210125449 A CN202210125449 A CN 202210125449A CN 114156645 B CN114156645 B CN 114156645B
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antenna
slot
rdss
circular ring
cylinder
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CN114156645A (en
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孙静
刘晓慧
李以磊
杨东清
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Advanced Technology Research Institute of Beijing Institute of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/364—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith using a particular conducting material, e.g. superconductor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 

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Abstract

The invention discloses a novel Beidou slot RDSS antenna and an etching method, wherein the novel Beidou slot RDSS antenna comprises an antenna and an antenna base, the antenna comprises a ground plate, a dielectric substrate and a radiation patch, an annular slot is formed in the ground plate, a bending structure is formed in the annular slot, and a capacitor and an inductor are arranged in the bending structure. The etching method comprises the following steps: etching two concentric annular gaps on the grounding plate; secondly, introducing a bending structure into the annular gap at an angle of minus 45 degrees on an X axis to break the symmetry of the annular gap; and step three, exciting two orthogonal modes to obtain the circular polarization characteristic.

Description

Novel Beidou slot RDSS antenna and etching method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a novel Beidou slot RDSS antenna and an etching method.
Background
The Beidou navigation antenna is responsible for receiving signals of the Beidou navigation satellite, is an important component in the system, and the performance of the Beidou navigation antenna directly influences the positioning speed and accuracy of the Beidou navigation terminal system. Due to the low signal strength of the satellite reaching the ground, a dedicated RDSS antenna needs to be prepared for the navigation receiver module to receive the signal.
The microstrip circular polarization antenna has the advantages of low profile, small volume, light weight, easy conformality, easy acquisition of circular polarization waves, easy integration with other circuits and the like as the most extensive form of the antenna, and the circular polarization waves have the advantages of interference resistance, rain and fog resistance, attenuation resistance and the like. The common antenna of the existing navigation receiver is a microstrip ceramic flat antenna, which has low cost, single direction of received signals and higher gain due to the addition of an active amplifying circuit outside, so the adoption is the most, and the best effect is achieved when the ceramic plate antenna is vertically placed upwards in actual use. The existing antenna base is a flange base and has fixed shape and structure.
However, the existing products have the following disadvantages: (1) the volume of the antenna is large, and frequency drift is easily caused by temperature influence; (2) if the ceramic area is made small, the reception gain is affected; if the antenna is thin, the receiving bandwidth of the receiving antenna is influenced, and the receiving bandwidth is also influenced by the active amplification part; (3) most of antenna materials are ceramic, the reliability is poor, and the antenna is easily influenced by materials, processes and external environments; the processing error sensitivity is high; (4) the length of the flange plate antenna base cannot be changed, the installation of the antenna is easily influenced by the environment, and once the installation position is fixed, the gain and the direction of the antenna are determined accordingly.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a novel Beidou slot RDSS antenna and an etching method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a novel big dipper gap RDSS antenna, includes antenna and antenna base, the antenna include ground plate, dielectric substrate and radiation paster, the ground plate on set up annular gap, annular gap department set up curved structure, curved structure in be equipped with electric capacity and inductance.
The resonant frequency of the antenna is
Figure 806236DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
In the formula (I), wherein,
Figure 91724DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
is the speed of light;
Figure 94315DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate; r1The outer diameter of the outer annular gap; r2Being an internal annular gapOuter diameter.
The antenna base include the mounting bracket, mounting bracket one end be equipped with mobilizable cylinder, mounting bracket one end be equipped with rotatable ring one, an inner wall of ring be equipped with the disk, the cylinder on be equipped with disk matched with spout, cylinder one end and ring one on be equipped with the antenna respectively.
The mounting rack comprises a bottom plate, a vertical rod and a second circular ring, wherein the vertical rod is mounted on one side of the bottom plate, the second circular ring is mounted at one end of the vertical rod, and the first circular ring is mounted in the second circular ring.
Furthermore, an L-shaped plate is arranged in the middle of the vertical rod, a motor support and a motor are arranged on one side of the L-shaped plate, and a clamping groove is formed in the other side of the L-shaped plate; the motor output shaft is provided with a gear, a rack meshed with the gear is arranged in the clamping groove, and one end of the rack is connected with a cylinder.
Furthermore, the spout including the symmetry set up the perpendicular groove on the cylinder, perpendicular groove one end be equipped with rather than communicating chute, the circle piece with erect groove, chute all cooperate.
Furthermore, one end of the cylinder is provided with a first antenna installation seat, the first circular ring is provided with a second symmetrical antenna installation seat, and the first antenna installation seat and the second antenna installation seat are respectively provided with an antenna.
An etching method of a novel Beidou slot RDSS antenna comprises the antenna and further comprises the following steps:
etching two concentric annular gaps on the grounding plate;
secondly, introducing a bending structure into the annular gap at an angle of minus 45 degrees on an X axis to break the symmetry of the annular gap;
and step three, exciting two orthogonal modes to obtain the circular polarization characteristic.
Furthermore, the bending structure is a rectangular gap, and the width of the rectangular gap is the same as that of the annular gap.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can cover the L frequency band and the S wave band of the Beidou RDSS, adopts a simpler circular slot antenna structure, does not need enough clearance area, has wider bandwidth and has stronger compatibility and universality. The radiation patch of the device is made of metal materials, so that the reliability of the antenna is improved.
The circularly polarized wave is obtained by introducing an interference structure (namely, a bending structure), and a capacitor and an inductor are connected into the bending structure, so that the circularly polarized characteristic and the impedance characteristic are adaptively adjusted, and the dependence degree of the antenna on the structure and the size is greatly reduced.
2. According to the invention, the use height of the first antenna mounting seat and the horizontal use position of the second antenna mounting seat can be adjusted by moving the cylinder, the adjustability of the antenna mounting seat is convenient for receiving satellite signals, and the adaptability and the product competitiveness of the product in different environments are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circular polarization implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a basic schematic diagram of the RDSS microstrip slot antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a right side view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 shows a circular slot in a coordinate system according to the invention.
Fig. 5 is a first perspective view of the supporting mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a partial perspective view of the supporting mechanism according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a partial perspective view of the supporting mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a partial three-dimensional mechanism of the supporting mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a partial perspective view of the supporting mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a second supporting mechanism of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-first antenna mounting seat, 2-column, 3-first circular ring, 4-second antenna mounting seat, 5-vertical rod, 6-motor support, 7-motor, 8-bottom plate, 9-second circular ring, 10-clamping groove, 11-L-shaped plate, 12-rack, 13-gear, 14-circular block, 15-vertical groove, 16-inclined groove, 17-grounding plate, 18-dielectric substrate, 19-radiation patch, 20-annular gap and 21-bending structure.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following further description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example one
A novel Beidou slot RDSS antenna is shown in figures 1-3 and comprises an antenna and an antenna base, wherein the antenna comprises a ground plate 17, a dielectric substrate 18 and a radiation patch 19, the dielectric substrate 18 is an FR4 dielectric substrate, and the radiation patch 19 is a microstrip feed part. The ground plate 17 is provided with an annular gap 20, the annular gap 20 is provided with a bending structure 21, the bending structure 21 is a rectangular gap, and the bending structure 21 excites two orthogonal modes so as to obtain circular polarization.
And a capacitor and an inductor are arranged in the bent structure 21, and the capacitor and the inductor adjust phase, axial ratio and impedance matching, so that the practicability and portability of the product are improved, and the reliability and environmental adaptability of the antenna are improved.
The overall circumference of the annular slot 20 is greatly increased by the curved structure 21, and the change of the size of the curved structure 21 not only affects the circular polarization performance, but also has a strong influence on the impedance matching of the antenna.
In order to ensure that the dual-band circularly polarized microstrip slot antenna composed of the concentric annular slots 20 can have good performance, capacitors or inductors are optionally incorporated at the curved structures 21 to adjust the phase, impedance and axial ratio of the annular slots 20, and specific parameter sizes are optimized by a simulation tool HFSS.
The RDSS microstrip slot antenna adopts a microstrip line feed mode, and the width is not fixed. The first part has a width Ws of a part for directly coupling and feeding the slot antenna, the length of a short section with an open circuit at a terminal is Ls, the other end of the short section is connected to the outer edge of the outer annular slot, the characteristic impedance is 50 omega, the impedance matching specifically refers to a Smith chart, and the specific value of the width is obtained by HFSS simulation optimization. The optimization of the width optimizes the impedance matching as the return loss (S11) approaches infinity to 0, thereby minimizing the reflected power.
The other feed line portion has a dimension Lt × Wt, from the feed at the edge of the dielectric substrate 18 to the edge of the outer annular slot, and is substantially a quarter-wavelength impedance transformer, transforming the parallel impedance of the antenna to 50 Ω. The determination of the width Wt results from the impedance transformation characteristics of a λ/4 length transmission line, where λ is the wavelength.
The resonant frequency of the antenna is
Figure 758646DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
. Wherein:
Figure 454069DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
is the speed of light;
Figure 961274DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate; r1The outer diameter of the outer annular gap; r2Is the outer diameter of the inner annular gap.
As shown in fig. 5-10, the antenna base includes a mounting bracket, the mounting bracket includes a bottom plate 8, a vertical rod 5 and a second ring 9, the vertical rod 5 is installed on one side of the bottom plate 8, the second ring 9 is installed on one end of the vertical rod 5, and the first ring 3 is installed in the second ring 9.
One end of the mounting frame is provided with a movable cylinder 2, the middle part of the vertical rod 5 is provided with an L-shaped plate 11, one side of the L-shaped plate 11 is provided with a motor bracket 6 and a motor 7, and the other side of the L-shaped plate is provided with a clamping groove 10; the output shaft of the motor 7 is provided with a gear 13, a rack 12 meshed with the gear 13 is arranged in the clamping groove 10, and one end of the rack 12 is connected with the cylinder 2.
Mounting bracket one end be equipped with rotatable ring 3, ring 3 inner wall be equipped with the disk 14, cylinder 2 on be equipped with disk 14 matched with spout. The sliding groove comprises vertical grooves 15 symmetrically arranged on the column 2, one end of each vertical groove 15 is provided with a chute 16 communicated with the vertical groove, and the round block 14 is matched with the vertical grooves 15 and the chutes 16.
When the round block 14 is positioned in the vertical groove 15, the column 2 only drives the antenna mounting seat I1 to move upwards; when the round block 14 is positioned in the inclined groove 16, the round block 14 is driven to rotate by the movement of the cylinder 2, and the round block 14 drives the first ring 3 to rotate in the second ring 9.
And an antenna is respectively arranged at one end of the cylinder 2 and the first ring 3. The antenna mounting seat I1 is installed at one end of the cylinder 2, the symmetrical antenna mounting seats II 4 are installed on the circular ring I3, and antennas are installed on the antenna mounting seat I1 and the antenna mounting seat II 4 respectively.
When the position of the RDSS microstrip slot antenna is adjusted, the motor 7 is started, the output shaft of the motor 7 rotates to drive the gear 13 to rotate, the gear 13 rotates to drive the rack 12 to move along the clamping groove 10, and the rack 12 moves to drive the cylinder 2 to move.
When the round block 14 is positioned in the vertical groove 15, the column 2 only drives the antenna mounting seat I1 to move upwards; when the round block 14 is located in the chute 16, the cylinder 2 moves to drive the round block 14 to rotate, the round block 14 drives the first ring 3 to rotate in the second ring 9, that is, the first ring 3 rotates to drive the second antenna mounting seat 4 to rotate, and the second antenna mounting seat 4 rotates to drive the corresponding RDSS microstrip slot antenna to move, so that the position adjustment of the RDSS microstrip slot antenna is realized, and the signal receiving is convenient.
Example two
On the basis of the first embodiment, the novel etching method for the Beidou slot RDSS antenna comprises the following steps: step one, etching two concentric annular gaps 20 on the grounding plate 17; step two, introducing a bent structure 21 into the annular gap 20 at an angle of between 45 degrees and an X axis to break the symmetry of the annular gap 20, wherein the bent structure 21 is a rectangular gap, and the width of the rectangular gap is the same as that of the annular gap 20; and step three, exciting two orthogonal modes to obtain the circular polarization characteristic.
The two annular slots 20 realize slot coupling feed from the other side of the dielectric substrate 18 by microstrip feed lines, in which right-hand circularly polarized waves and left-hand circularly polarized waves are radiated in the forward direction and the reverse direction, respectively.
As shown in fig. 3, the geometric schematic diagram of the annular gap 20 in a coordinate system, the annular gap 20 on a wireless large conductive flat plate may be equivalent to an annular distribution of surface magnetic currents:
Figure 501977DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
. Wherein:
Figure 286393DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
is an orofacial electric field;
Figure 887139DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
is a unit vector perpendicular to the oral surface.

Claims (6)

1. A novel Beidou slot RDSS antenna comprises an antenna and an antenna base, wherein the antenna comprises a ground plate, a dielectric substrate and a radiation patch, and is characterized in that an annular slot is formed in the ground plate, a bending structure is formed in the annular slot, and a capacitor and an inductor are arranged in the bending structure;
the resonant frequency of the antenna is
Figure 164424DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
In the formula (I), wherein,
Figure 769848DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
is the speed of light;
Figure 704306DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate; r1The outer diameter of the outer annular gap; r2The outer diameter of the inner annular gap;
the antenna base comprises a mounting frame, a movable cylinder is arranged at one end of the mounting frame, a rotatable first circular ring is arranged at one end of the mounting frame, a circular block is arranged on the inner wall of the first circular ring, a sliding groove matched with the circular block is formed in the cylinder, and an antenna is arranged at one end of the cylinder and the first circular ring respectively;
the mounting rack comprises a bottom plate, a vertical rod and a second circular ring, wherein the vertical rod is mounted on one side of the bottom plate, the second circular ring is mounted at one end of the vertical rod, and the first circular ring is mounted in the second circular ring.
2. The novel Beidou slot RDSS antenna is characterized in that an L-shaped plate is installed in the middle of the vertical rod, a motor support and a motor are arranged on one side of the L-shaped plate, and a clamping groove is formed in the other side of the L-shaped plate; the motor output shaft is provided with a gear, a rack meshed with the gear is arranged in the clamping groove, and one end of the rack is connected with a cylinder.
3. The novel Beidou slot RDSS antenna is characterized in that the sliding grooves comprise vertical grooves symmetrically arranged on a cylinder, inclined grooves communicated with one ends of the vertical grooves are formed in one ends of the vertical grooves, and the round blocks are matched with the vertical grooves and the inclined grooves.
4. The novel Beidou slot RDSS antenna is characterized in that a first antenna mounting seat is mounted at one end of the cylinder, a second symmetrical antenna mounting seat is mounted on the first circular ring, and antennas are mounted on the first antenna mounting seat and the second antenna mounting seat respectively.
5. A novel etching method of a Beidou slot RDSS antenna comprises the antenna of any one of claims 1-4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
etching two concentric annular gaps on the grounding plate;
secondly, introducing a bending structure into the annular gap at an angle of minus 45 degrees on an X axis to break the symmetry of the annular gap;
and step three, exciting two orthogonal modes to obtain the circular polarization characteristic.
6. The novel Beidou slot RDSS antenna etching method according to claim 5, characterized in that the bending structure is a rectangular slot, and the width of the rectangular slot is the same as that of the annular slot.
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WO2019062654A1 (en) * 2017-09-27 2019-04-04 华南理工大学 Novel spread spectrum broadband base station antenna
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