CN114156499A - Paper-based microfluid fuel cell embedded with cotton wires - Google Patents

Paper-based microfluid fuel cell embedded with cotton wires Download PDF

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CN114156499A
CN114156499A CN202111185033.4A CN202111185033A CN114156499A CN 114156499 A CN114156499 A CN 114156499A CN 202111185033 A CN202111185033 A CN 202111185033A CN 114156499 A CN114156499 A CN 114156499A
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paper
fuel
oxidant
cotton
carbon
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CN114156499B (en
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刘智
马继成
陈云
王博文
焦魁
杜青
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Tianjin University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0289—Means for holding the electrolyte
    • H01M8/0293—Matrices for immobilising electrolyte solutions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a paper-based microfluid fuel cell embedded with cotton threads, which structurally comprises a fuel and oxidant flow channel, wherein the fuel and oxidant flow channel is designed by water-absorbing paper, a hydrophilic cotton thread is arranged at the center of a combination section of two fluids, namely fuel and oxidant, in the water-absorbing paper, the water-absorbing paper is used for embedding the hydrophilic cotton threads, and Na is loaded in the cotton threads2SO4And (3) solid powder. The carbon paper sprayed with palladium/carbon catalyst is symmetrically arranged at two sides of a fuel and oxidant flow passage to be used as a cathode and anode catalyst layer, and the carbon paper at two sides is fixed by adopting a fastening device. The absorption pad is fixed at the position of a waste liquid outlet of the fuel and oxidant mixing flow channel. The invention designs the absorbent paper for embedding the cotton threads as the cathode and anode flow channels, and the cotton threads in the middle of the flow channels can effectively isolate the cathodeAnolyte crossover problems are avoided by anolyte crossover; the cotton thread is internally contacted with water Na2SO4The dissolution can ensure the transverse transmission of the ions of the electrolyte of the cathode and the anode, and finally the effective improvement of the battery performance is realized. The key point is that the invention does not cause any pollution to the environment.

Description

Paper-based microfluid fuel cell embedded with cotton wires
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a paper-based microfluid fuel cell embedded with cotton threads.
Background
With the progress of science and technology, small portable devices such as mobile phones, notebooks, micro chips, etc. are continuously rising, and are developing towards low cost, multi-functional integration and miniaturization. For example, wearable electronic devices, blood glucose meters and other instant detection devices can be used for monitoring or detecting human health indicators, and have a wide market application prospect (CN204514931U, CN 106529355A). The high integration of these small electronic devices requires power supply devices with higher current density, smaller size, or flexibility. The current small portable power supply devices mainly include lithium ion batteries, fuel cells, and the like. Among them, the lithium ion button cell is the most common, but its energy density is small, the discharge loss is large, it is easy to lose efficacy after long-term storage, and it is easy to cause great harm to the environment after being discarded at will (CN 101924243A). Compared with the prior art, the micro fuel cell has the advantages of high power density, small environmental pollution and the like. Micro fuel cells based on micro channels need to be driven by micro pumps or other auxiliary devices, so that energy consumption is increased, net output power density is low, energy supply requirements of micro devices such as detection chips are difficult to meet, and practical application of the micro fuel cells is severely limited (CN 1947296A).
The paper-based micro-fluid fuel cell has a wide application prospect in flexible electronic equipment or medical instant detection equipment, and is a hot spot and a key point of current research and development (CN 111916809A). The paper-based microfluid fuel cell can realize natural layering of fuel and oxidant through capillary suction provided by the paper-based material, provides driving force for transportation of the fuel and the oxidant, does not need a proton exchange membrane and a micropump, and has the advantages of simple structure, foldability and easiness in integration. However, the biggest problem of the fuel cell is that the cell only depends on the paper base to realize laminar flow of fuel and oxidant, and the anode and the cathode are easy to generate the problem of cross mixing of the fuel and the oxidant, thereby seriously affecting the performance of the cell.
Therefore, developing a paper-based microfluidic fuel cell that can avoid the fuel crossover problem is a key to further improve the performance of the paper-based microfluidic fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of fuel crossing of the paper-based microfluid fuel cell and simultaneously not influence the ion transmission rate, the invention aims to provide the paper-based microfluid fuel cell embedded with cotton threads.
The technical scheme of the paper-based microfluid fuel cell embedded with cotton wires is as follows: the battery includes absorbent paper, hydrophilic cotton, carbon paper, fastening means, absorbent pads, fuel, oxidant, palladium/carbon catalyst, perfluorosulfonic acid membrane, isopropyl alcohol, and lead wires, etc. The method comprises designing water-absorbent paper into Y-shaped fuel and oxidant flow channel, placing hydrophilic cotton thread at the center of the combination section of fuel and oxidant in the water-absorbent paper, embedding the hydrophilic cotton thread with Na loaded in the cotton thread2SO4And (3) solid powder. The carbon paper sprayed with palladium/carbon catalyst is symmetrically arranged at two sides of a fuel and oxidant flow passage to be used as a cathode and anode catalyst layer, and the carbon paper at two sides is fixed by adopting a fastening device. The absorption pad is fixed at the position of a waste liquid outlet of the fuel and oxidant mixing flow channel.
The hydrophilic cotton thread contains Na2SO4The solid powder can increase the lateral conduction capability of ions when the battery works; the absorption pad is designed at the position of the waste liquid outlet of the flow channel, and can continuously provide capillary driving force for liquid in the battery and store the used liquid.
Containing Na2SO4The cotton thread structure of the solution effectively prevents the cathode and anode electrodes from generating fuel cross mixing, so that the flow of the fuel and the oxidant is more stable, and the performance of the battery is enhanced.
According to the preferable scheme of the hydrophilic cotton thread, the hydrophilic cotton thread is soaked in Na2SO4And (5) drying the treated cotton threads.
According toThe preferable scheme of the absorbent paper provided by the invention is that Na-containing is added between two layers of absorbent paper2SO4The hydrophilic cotton thread is that the treated cotton thread is fixed in 2 pieces of wet paper sheets, and the water absorption paper embedded with the cotton thread is obtained after dehydration and drying.
The invention has the characteristics and beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention designs the absorbent paper embedded with cotton threads as the cathode and anode flow channels, and the cotton threads in the middle of the flow channels can effectively isolate the permeation of cathode and anode electrolytes, thereby avoiding the problem of cross mixing of fuels; the cotton thread is internally contacted with water Na2SO4The dissolution can ensure the transverse transmission of the ions of the electrolyte of the cathode and the anode, and finally the effective improvement of the battery performance is realized.
(2) The products in the anode reaction of the invention are common carbonate and water, and have no influence on the environment; the product in the cathode reaction is water, and the method also has no pollution and no influence on the environment.
(3) The paper-based microfluid fuel cell embedded with cotton threads has the advantages of simple structure, low material-obtaining cost and easy realization of large-scale production and manufacturing.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle and structure of a paper-based microfluidic fuel cell with embedded cotton threads.
Figure 2 is a graph of the performance comparison results for paper-based microfluidic fuel cells of the examples of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the principles and operation of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and wherein fig. 1 is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A paper-based microfluidic fuel cell with embedded cotton wires, which structurally comprises (as shown in fig. 1): the water absorption paper (1) is designed into a fuel and oxidant flow passage with a Y-shaped structure, the hydrophilic cotton thread (2) is arranged at the center of a combination section of two fluids of the fuel and the oxidant in the water absorption paper, the hydrophilic cotton thread is embedded by the water absorption paper, and Na is loaded in the cotton thread2SO4Solid powder can increase the lateral conductivity of ions when the battery is in operation. The carbon paper (3) coated with palladium/carbon (Pd/C) catalyst is symmetrically arranged on the fuelAnd two sides of the oxidant flow passage are used as cathode and anode catalyst layers, and the carbon paper at two sides is fixed by adopting a fastening device (4). The absorption pad (5) is fixed at the position of a waste liquid outlet of a fuel and oxidant mixing flow channel. The absorbent pad can continuously provide a capillary driving force for the liquid in the battery and store the liquid after use.
Adding Na between two layers of absorbent paper2SO4The hydrophilic cotton thread is Na2SO4After the solution is soaked and dried, the solution contains Na2SO4Cotton threads of solid powder.
The carbon paper of the paper-based microfluid fuel cell is dried by a mixed solution of palladium/carbon catalyst, perfluorosulfonic acid membrane (Nafion) and isopropanol sprayed on the surface, and can be used as a cathode catalytic layer and an anode catalytic layer to catalyze fuel and oxidant to perform electrochemical reaction.
The fastening device can collect electric energy generated by electrochemical reaction in the carbon paper while fixing the cathode carbon paper and the anode carbon paper, and the electric energy is transmitted to an external electric appliance through a lead.
As a specific embodiment, the water absorption paper, the carbon paper and the absorption pad are cut into required shapes and sizes, wherein the length and the width of each material are respectively as follows: the paper base is 6cm multiplied by 1 cm; the absorption pad is 1cm multiplied by 1 cm; carbon paper 3mm by 5 mm.
The anode adopts KOH/CH3Mixed solution of COOH, cathode adopting H2O2/H2SO4The solution was mixed. The fuel and oxidant flow simultaneously in a spontaneous passive manner in the paper substrate. The anode side fuel and the cathode side oxidant are transported to the catalytic layer; after passing through the reaction zone the liquid enters the absorbent pad 5.
The anode reaction loses electrons to generate CO3 2-And H2O, combining electrons obtained at the cathode with hydrogen ions to generate H2O, carbonate and waste are absorbed by the tail absorbent pad. The chemical equation for the reaction is as follows:
anode:
Figure BDA0003298803040000031
cathode: h2O2+2H++2e-——→2H2O
Fig. 2 is a graph comparing the performance of paper-based microfluidic fuel cells on hydrophilic cotton thread-embedded absorbent paper and common absorbent paper (without embedded hydrophilic cotton threads). Under the same environmental condition, in the assembled paper-based microfluid fuel cell embedded with cotton thread absorbent paper and common absorbent paper, 2mol/L CH is introduced into an anode fuel inlet3Mixed solution of COOH and 4mol/L KOH, and 2mol/L H introduced from a cathode oxidant inlet2SO4Dilute solution and 1mol/LH2O2Then testing the performance of two fuel cells respectively and obtaining an experimental curve. As can be seen from fig. 2, compared with the paper-based microfluidic fuel cell without hydrophilic cotton thread water-absorbing paper, the maximum voltage of the cotton thread-embedded paper-based microfluidic fuel cell is increased by about 20%, the maximum current density is increased by about one time, and the maximum power density is increased by more than two times.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in connection with the drawings, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments and applications illustrated, which are intended to be illustrative, instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may effect numerous modifications thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a paper base microfluid fuel cell of embedding cotton thread, includes absorbent paper, hydrophilic cotton thread, carbon paper, fastener, absorption pad, fuel, oxidant, palladium/carbon catalyst, perfluor sulfonic acid membrane, isopropyl alcohol and wire, its characterized in that: the water absorption paper (1) is designed into a fuel and oxidant flow passage with a Y-shaped structure, the hydrophilic cotton thread (2) is arranged at the center of a combination section of two fluids of the fuel and the oxidant in the water absorption paper, the hydrophilic cotton thread is embedded by the water absorption paper, and Na is loaded in the cotton thread2SO4The solid powder is prepared by symmetrically arranging carbon paper (3) coated with palladium/carbon catalyst on both sides of fuel and oxidant flow channel as cathode and anode catalyst layers, fixing the carbon paper on both sides by fastening device (4), and fixing absorption pad (5)Is positioned at the position of a waste liquid outlet of a fuel and oxidant mixing channel.
2. The cotton wire embedded paper-based microfluidic fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrophilic cotton thread is Na2SO4After the solution is soaked and dried, the solution contains Na2SO4Cotton threads of solid powder.
3. A cotton wire embedded paper based microfluidic fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: adding Na between two layers of the absorbent paper2SO4The hydrophilic cotton thread of (1).
4. The cotton wire embedded paper-based microfluidic fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carbon paper is dried by spraying a mixed solution of a palladium/carbon catalyst, a perfluorosulfonic acid membrane and isopropanol on the surface. Can be used as a cathode catalytic layer and an anode catalytic layer to catalyze the fuel and the oxidant to generate electrochemical reaction.
5. The cotton wire embedded paper-based microfluidic fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fastening device can collect electric energy generated by electrochemical reaction in the carbon paper while fixing the cathode carbon paper and the anode carbon paper, and the electric energy is transmitted to an external electric appliance through a lead.
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107293764A (en) * 2017-08-09 2017-10-24 重庆大学 A kind of passive microfluid fuel cell based on cotton thread
CN110061259A (en) * 2019-05-08 2019-07-26 重庆大学 A kind of air-breathing paper base microfluid fuel cell of embedded anode
CN110534751A (en) * 2019-09-04 2019-12-03 重庆大学 Anode and cathode stacked passive type paper base microfluid fuel cell positioned opposite
CN110600751A (en) * 2019-10-24 2019-12-20 重庆大学 Direct formate microfluid fuel cell with cotton wire electrode
CN110993983A (en) * 2019-12-22 2020-04-10 重庆大学 Single-channel line-based hydrogen peroxide membraneless passive micro-fluid fuel cell
CN112751053A (en) * 2019-10-30 2021-05-04 武汉轻工大学 Flexible microfluid photoelectric fuel cell

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107293764A (en) * 2017-08-09 2017-10-24 重庆大学 A kind of passive microfluid fuel cell based on cotton thread
CN110061259A (en) * 2019-05-08 2019-07-26 重庆大学 A kind of air-breathing paper base microfluid fuel cell of embedded anode
CN110534751A (en) * 2019-09-04 2019-12-03 重庆大学 Anode and cathode stacked passive type paper base microfluid fuel cell positioned opposite
CN110600751A (en) * 2019-10-24 2019-12-20 重庆大学 Direct formate microfluid fuel cell with cotton wire electrode
CN112751053A (en) * 2019-10-30 2021-05-04 武汉轻工大学 Flexible microfluid photoelectric fuel cell
CN110993983A (en) * 2019-12-22 2020-04-10 重庆大学 Single-channel line-based hydrogen peroxide membraneless passive micro-fluid fuel cell

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