CN114155986A - Decontamination system for radionuclide scrap metal - Google Patents
Decontamination system for radionuclide scrap metal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114155986A CN114155986A CN202111426662.1A CN202111426662A CN114155986A CN 114155986 A CN114155986 A CN 114155986A CN 202111426662 A CN202111426662 A CN 202111426662A CN 114155986 A CN114155986 A CN 114155986A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- steel ball
- metal
- port
- cavity
- outlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000003923 scrap metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 153
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 153
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 285
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 285
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 17
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000221535 Pucciniales Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004353 Polyethylene glycol 8000 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003904 radioactive pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/008—Apparatus specially adapted for mixing or disposing radioactively contamined material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The decontamination system of the radionuclide scrap metal comprises a shot blasting decontamination device and a metal smelting feeding assembly; the shot blasting decontamination device and the metal smelting feeding assembly are sequentially used in the process of radioactive nuclear waste metal decontamination; the shot blasting decontamination device comprises a spray gun, a sand-dust separator, a sand-dust collector, a gas circuit pipeline assembly, a high-pressure air source and a negative-pressure air extractor; the metal smelting feeding assembly comprises a main frame, a vertical elevator, a smelting furnace component, a trolley component, a feeding butt joint mechanism, a negative pressure dust removal mechanism and a material conveying mechanism. The invention greatly reduces the radiation dose in the nuclear waste metal through two steps of shot blasting decontamination and smelting decontamination, and can subsequently cast the smelting liquid into different products according to the actual application requirements, thereby changing the nuclear waste metal into valuable, realizing the recycling of the nuclear waste metal and fully meeting the requirement of minimizing the radioactive waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear waste metal treatment, in particular to a radioactive nuclear waste metal decontamination system.
Background
With the rapid development of the nuclear industry, nuclear waste metals generated by nuclear power plants and nuclear industry enterprises also show a trend of increasing year by year. The nuclear waste metals have strong radioactivity, the half-life period is thousands of years, tens of thousands of years or even hundreds of thousands of years, and if the nuclear waste metals are not properly treated, the nuclear waste metals can seriously pollute the environment.
At present, nuclear waste metal with radiation dose exceeding a safety threshold cannot be treated, and can only be packaged in a metal tank for permanent deep-burying treatment, so that the nuclear waste metal can be stored in a geological manner for tens of thousands of years or even tens of thousands of years without leakage.
However, the existing deep-burying disposal schemes have the following disadvantages: 1. on one hand, in order to ensure the effect of not revealing radioactivity for thousands of years, the wall thickness of the metal tank is designed to be very thick, the number of materials required for manufacturing is very large, the material demand of the metal tank is also increased along with the increase of the output of nuclear waste metal year by year, in addition, the places for deep burying and disposal are very limited and difficult to find, the geological conditions are required to be stable, the earthquake does not occur for thousands of years, and a complete non-crack granite body exists. 2. The metal can is polluted by radioactivity after being filled with the nuclear waste metal, can generate a certain dose of radioactivity, cannot be used for other purposes, and is equivalent to the introduction of new radioactive waste in the process of disposing the nuclear waste metal to generate waste capacity increasing.
The concept of "minimization of radioactive waste" was first proposed by the international atomic energy agency in the technical document "minimization and separation of radioactive waste", published in 1992. The 'minimization of the radioactive waste' is to reduce the quantity and activity of the radioactive waste to a reasonable level, and can achieve the purposes of reducing the adverse effect of the nuclear waste on the environment and reducing the disposal cost of the nuclear waste by limiting the generation of radioactive pollution, limiting the diffusion of the radioactive pollution and reducing the storage volume of the nuclear waste.
Obviously, the current deep-burial disposal solutions for nuclear waste metals do not meet the requirement of "minimization of radioactive waste", and this contradiction is increasingly highlighted as the production of nuclear waste metals increases year by year.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a decontamination system for radionuclide scrap which solves the problem that the current disposal solutions for nuclear scrap do not meet the requirement of "minimization of radioactive waste".
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a radionuclide scrap metal decontamination system for decontaminating radionuclide scrap metal; the device comprises a shot blasting decontamination device and a metal smelting feeding assembly; the shot blasting decontamination device and the metal smelting feeding assembly are used in sequence in the process of radioactive nuclear waste metal decontamination;
the shot blasting decontamination device comprises a spray gun, a sand-dust separator, a sand-dust collector, a steel ball cleaning machine, a steel ball returning device, a dry ice supply device, a high-pressure air source and negative-pressure air extraction equipment;
a converging cavity, a steel ball injection channel and a steel ball recovery channel are arranged in the spray gun; the front end of the steel ball injection channel and the front end of the steel ball recovery channel are respectively communicated to the rear end of the converging cavity, and the front end of the converging cavity, the rear end of the steel ball injection channel and the rear end of the steel ball recovery channel respectively form a shot blasting operation port, a steel ball inlet A and a steel ball outlet A on the spray gun;
the sand-dust separator comprises a screening bin, a recovery bin and a tee joint which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the two sides of the upper end of the screening bin are respectively provided with a steel ball inlet B and a sand dust outlet, and the lower end of the screening bin is provided with a blast port A, a steel ball falling port and a steel ball outlet B; the steel ball inlet B is communicated with the steel ball outlet A of the spray gun through a gas path pipeline; an electric control valve A is arranged on the steel ball falling port; an electric control valve D is arranged on the steel ball outlet B; the upper end of the recovery bin is provided with an opening which is over against the steel ball falling port A of the screening bin, the lower end of the recovery bin is provided with a steel ball outlet C, and the side wall of the recovery bin is provided with a negative pressure exhaust port and a steel ball returning port; the tee joint is provided with a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port is connected to a steel ball outlet C of the recovery bin, and the second port is communicated with a steel ball inlet A of the spray gun through an air path pipeline;
the sand dust collector comprises a dust collecting bin and a filter element arranged in the inner cavity of the dust collecting bin; the filter element divides the inner cavity of the dust collecting bin into an upper cavity and a lower cavity which are not communicated with each other, and the outer wall of the dust collecting bin is provided with a sand dust inlet communicated with the lower cavity and a filtered air outlet communicated with the upper cavity; the sand dust inlet is communicated with a sand dust outlet of the screening bin through a gas path pipeline;
a cleaning cavity is arranged in the steel ball cleaning machine, and a steel ball outlet D, a dry ice inlet, an exhaust outlet and a steel ball inlet D which are communicated with the cleaning cavity are arranged outside the steel ball cleaning machine;
the steel ball returning device comprises a returning bin, a bracket B and an electric push rod Y; the upper end of the trip-return bin is provided with a steel ball inlet E, the lower end of the trip-return bin is provided with a steel ball outlet E, and the steel ball inlet E of the trip-return bin is positioned right below the steel ball outlet D of the outer barrel body; the lower end of the bracket B is fixedly arranged on the ground, and the upper end of the bracket B is hinged with the outer wall of the leave-return bin; the lower end of the electric push rod Y is hinged to the ground, the upper end of the electric push rod Y is hinged to the outer wall of the re-sending bin and used for driving the re-sending bin to rotate around the hinged position of the re-sending bin in a vertical plane, and the steel ball outlet E faces to the obliquely upper side or the obliquely lower side;
a dry ice storage cavity is arranged in the dry ice supply device, and a high-pressure air inlet, a dry ice feeding port and a dry ice output port which are communicated with the dry ice storage cavity are arranged on the outer wall of the dry ice supply device; the dry ice output port is communicated with a dry ice inlet of the steel ball cleaning machine through an air path pipeline;
the high-pressure air source is used for outputting compressed air and is respectively communicated with a blast orifice A of the screening bin, a third port of the three-way joint and a high-pressure air inlet of the dry ice supply device through an air path pipeline;
the negative pressure air extraction equipment is used for providing negative pressure and is respectively communicated with the filtered air outlet of the dust collection bin and the negative pressure air outlet of the recovery bin through an air passage pipeline;
the metal smelting feeding assembly comprises a main frame, a vertical elevator, a smelting furnace component, a trolley component, a feeding butt joint mechanism, a negative pressure dust removal mechanism and a material conveying mechanism;
the main frame is sequentially provided with a first layer bottom plate and a second layer bottom plate from bottom to top, a first layer space is formed between the first layer bottom plate and the second layer bottom plate, a second layer space is formed at the upper end of the second layer bottom plate, and a communication port for communicating the first layer space with the second layer space is formed in the second layer bottom plate;
the vertical elevator is fixedly arranged on the main frame and positioned between the first-layer space and the second-layer space, the lower end of the vertical elevator is provided with a material inlet communicated to the first-layer space, and the upper end of the vertical elevator is provided with a material outlet communicated to the second-layer space;
the smelting furnace component comprises a tilting platform, a smelting furnace and a tilting hydraulic cylinder; the tipping platform is hinged at the communication port of the second floor bottom plate and rotates around the hinge position to a vertical plane; a smelting cavity is arranged in the smelting furnace, a feed opening communicated to the smelting cavity and a drainage groove communicated to the feed opening are formed in the upper end of the smelting furnace, the upper end of the outer wall of the smelting furnace is fixedly connected with the tilting platform, and the smelting furnace is positioned at a communication opening of the second floor and between the first floor space and the second floor space; the turnover hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the first floor and the smelting furnace, the lower end of the turnover hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the first floor, the upper end of the turnover hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lower surface of the tipping platform, and the turnover hydraulic cylinder is used for driving the tipping platform to rotate around the hinged position of the tipping platform so as to drive the smelting furnace to rotate and enable the smelting furnace to be switched between a working state and a material pouring state; the smelting furnace is in a vertical posture in a working state, and a feeding port is vertically upward; the smelting furnace is in an inclined posture in a material pouring state, and liquid in the smelting cavity can be poured out through the feeding port and the drainage groove;
the trolley assembly comprises a guide rail and a trolley; the number of the guide rails is two, and the two guide rails are arranged in parallel and fixedly arranged on the second-layer bottom plate and are distributed on two sides of a feed opening of the smelting furnace; the two guide rails are arranged perpendicular to the drainage groove of the smelting furnace, one guide rail is relatively close to the drainage groove, and the other guide rail is relatively far away from the drainage groove; the trolley comprises a trolley body and electric wheels; the vehicle body is provided with a hollow hole A and a hollow hole B; the electric wheel is arranged at the lower end of the vehicle body; the trolley is movably arranged on the two guide rails through electric wheels;
the feeding butt joint mechanism comprises an outer funnel, an inner funnel and a traveling crane; the outer funnel is fixedly arranged in a hollow hole A of the vehicle body and is in a horn mouth shape with a large upper part and a small lower part; the inner funnel is in a horn mouth shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, the inner funnel is matched with the inner hole of the outer funnel in shape, and the upper end of the inner funnel is provided with a hanging lug for butting and hanging; the travelling crane is arranged in the second-layer space and used for controlling the inner funnel to move so as to enable the inner funnel to be butted with or separated from the outer funnel; when the inner funnel is butted with the outer funnel, the lower port of the inner funnel extends into a smelting cavity of a smelting furnace through a feeding port of the smelting furnace;
the negative pressure dust removing mechanism comprises a dust collecting cover and a negative pressure dust remover; the dust hood is arranged on the trolley and is positioned in the hollow hole B of the trolley, the interior of the dust hood is provided with an air passage channel, the air passage channel forms a dust collecting port and a dust discharging port at two ends of the dust hood respectively, and the dust discharging port and the dust collecting port are positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the hollow hole B respectively; the negative pressure dust remover is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, a filter element is arranged in the negative pressure dust remover, and the air inlet of the negative pressure dust remover is connected with a dust discharge port of the dust hood through an air path pipeline;
the material conveying mechanism comprises a support, a belt conveyor A and an upper traction assembly; the support is fixedly arranged in the second-layer space; the belt conveyor A comprises a frame body A and a conveying belt A arranged on the frame body A; the two ends of the belt conveyor A along the conveying direction of the conveying belt A are respectively provided with a feeding end A and a discharging end A; the frame body A is sequentially provided with a first hinge joint, a second hinge joint and a third hinge joint from one end to the other end, the frame body A is hinged and installed on the support through the first hinge joint, and the rotating path of the belt conveyor A around the first hinge joint is positioned in a vertical plane; the upper traction assembly comprises a connecting frame, a steel cable and a winch; the lower end of the connecting frame is hinged on a third hinge joint of the frame body A; the lower end of the steel cable is connected with the upper end of the connecting frame, and the upper end of the steel cable is wound on the winch; the winch is fixedly arranged on the support, the winch drives the belt conveyor A to rotate around the first hinge joint through winding and unwinding a steel cable, so that the belt conveyor A is switched between a conveying state and an avoiding state, the feeding end A of the belt conveyor A is close to and right opposite to a material outlet of the vertical elevator in the conveying state, and the discharging end A is positioned right above a feeding port of the smelting furnace, so that the conveying of materials is realized; the belt conveyor A avoids a lifting moving path of the inner hopper, a turning path of the smelting furnace and a turning path of the tipping platform in an avoiding state;
the trolley is sequentially provided with a first position, a second position and a third position along the moving path of the guide rail; when the trolley is positioned at the first position, the lower port of the outer funnel is vertically opposite to the feed inlet of the smelting furnace in a working state; when the trolley is positioned at the second position, the dust collecting port of the dust collecting cover is vertically opposite to the feed inlet of the smelting furnace in a working state; when the trolley is at the third position, the rotation paths of the trolley and the tipping platform are staggered up and down; the outer funnel and the inner funnel may be docked or undocked only when the cart is in the first position.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the steel ball cleaning machine comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a bracket A, an electric push rod X and a motor; one end of the outer cylinder body is provided with a steel ball outlet D, a dry ice inlet, a waste gas outlet and a steel ball inlet D, the center and the lower edge of the other end are respectively provided with a crankshaft through hole and a slag discharge hole, and the slag discharge hole is provided with an electric control valve B; the outer cylinder body is rotatably connected with a cover plate on the steel ball outlet D, and the cover plate is rotated to open or close the steel ball outlet D; the waste gas outlet of the outer cylinder is communicated with the sand dust inlet of the dust collection bin through a gas path pipeline; the steel ball inlet D of the outer cylinder is connected with the steel ball outlet B of the screening bin through a pipeline; one end of the inner cylinder body is provided with an opening, the other end of the inner cylinder body is provided with an end plate, a cleaning cavity is arranged in the inner cylinder body, and a hollow hole is formed in the outer circular surface; the inner cylinder body is rotatably arranged in the outer cylinder body, a ring-shaped cavity is formed between the inner cylinder body and the outer cylinder body, and the opening of the inner cylinder body is opposite to and closely adjacent to the steel ball outlet D, the dry ice inlet, the waste gas outlet and the steel ball inlet D of the outer cylinder body; the lower end of the bracket A is arranged on the ground, and the upper end of the bracket A is hinged with the outer wall of the outer cylinder; the lower end of the electric push rod X is hinged to the ground, the upper end of the electric push rod X is hinged to the outer wall of the outer cylinder body and used for driving the outer cylinder body to rotate around the hinged position of the outer cylinder body in a vertical plane, and the steel ball outlet D faces obliquely upwards or obliquely downwards; when the steel ball outlet D faces to the obliquely upper direction, the cover plate is attached to the steel ball outlet D to close the steel ball outlet D, and when the steel ball outlet D faces to the obliquely lower direction, the cover plate is separated from the steel ball outlet D to open the steel ball outlet D; the motor is fixedly arranged on the end surface of one side of the outer cylinder, a crankshaft of the motor extends into the outer cylinder through a crankshaft through hole and is fixedly connected with an end plate of the inner cylinder, and the crankshaft of the motor rotates to drive the inner cylinder to rotate circumferentially relative to the outer cylinder.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the device also comprises a metal cutting machine, a metal shredder and a metal compression packer; the metal shredder, the metal compression packer and the metal smelting feeding assembly are used in sequence in the process of radioactive nuclear waste metal decontamination; the shot blasting decontamination device and the metal cutting machine are continuously used in the nuclear waste metal decontamination process; the shot blasting decontamination device and the metal cutting machine are arranged before the metal shredder.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the device also comprises a belt conveyor B, a belt conveyor C and a belt conveyor D; the belt conveyor B is arranged between the metal cutting machine and the metal shredder and is used for conveying the materials processed by the metal cutting machine to the metal shredder; the belt conveyor C is arranged between the metal shredder and the metal compression packer and is used for conveying the materials processed by the metal shredder to the metal compression packer; the belt conveyor D is arranged between the material inlet and the material outlet of the metal compression packaging machine and the material inlet of the vertical lifting machine and is used for conveying materials processed by the metal compression packaging machine into the vertical lifting machine.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the metal compression packer comprises a box body, an X-direction propelling component, a Y-direction propelling component, a top overturning component and a discharging control component;
the box body is in a hollow cuboid shape, a compression cavity is arranged in the box body, the upper end of the box body is provided with a material inlet and a material outlet communicated with the compression cavity, the side walls of the four sides of the box body are clockwise named as a first wall, a second wall, a third wall and a fourth wall respectively, the lower end of the first wall, which is close to the second wall, is provided with a rectangular opening A communicated with the compression cavity, the lower end of the fourth wall is provided with a rectangular opening B communicated with the compression cavity, a corner gap is arranged between the lower end of the third wall and the bottom wall of the box body, the corner gap is formed by communicating a rectangular opening C arranged on the third wall with a rectangular opening D arranged on the bottom wall of the box body, and the rectangular opening C is over against the rectangular opening A;
the X-direction propelling component comprises an X-direction hydraulic cylinder and an X-direction push plate connected to the end of a piston rod of the X-direction hydraulic cylinder; the cylinder body of the X-direction hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the fourth wall of the box body and is positioned outside the compression cavity; the X-direction push plate is driven by the X-direction hydraulic cylinder to do horizontal reciprocating linear movement, and then the X-direction push plate is changed between being flush with the rectangular opening B and extending into the compression cavity, and the moving direction of the X-direction push plate is perpendicular to the second wall;
the Y-direction propelling component comprises a Y-direction hydraulic cylinder and a Y-direction push plate connected to the end of a piston rod of the Y-direction hydraulic cylinder; the cylinder body of the Y-direction hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the first wall of the box body and is positioned outside the compression cavity; the Y-direction push plate is driven by the Y-direction hydraulic cylinder to do horizontal reciprocating linear movement, and then the movement is changed between the position where the Y-direction push plate is flush with the rectangular opening A and the position where the Y-direction push plate extends into the compression cavity, and the movement direction of the Y-direction push plate is parallel to the second wall;
the top overturning assembly comprises a rotating plate and an overturning hydraulic cylinder; one end of the rotating plate is provided with a fourth hinge joint, and the middle part of the rotating plate is provided with a fifth hinge joint; the cylinder body of the turning hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the upper end of the fourth wall, the end of a piston rod of the turning hydraulic cylinder is hinged to a fifth hinge position of the rotating plate, and the piston rod of the turning hydraulic cylinder stretches and retracts to drive the rotating plate to rotate around the fourth hinge position in a vertical plane, so that a feed port and a discharge port of the box body are closed or opened;
the discharging control assembly comprises a rotating shaft, a folded plate and a discharging hydraulic cylinder; the rotating shaft is horizontally arranged and movably mounted at the upper end of the third wall and is arranged in parallel with the third wall, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the upper end of the plate A, and the other end of the rotating shaft is hinged with the end of a piston rod of the discharging hydraulic cylinder; the folded plate is composed of a plate A and a plate B which are perpendicular to each other and connected at the side edges, the folded plate is arranged at the corner gap, and the upper end of the plate A is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; the cylinder body of the discharging hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lower end of the second wall, and a piston rod of the discharging hydraulic cylinder stretches to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the folded plate is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft, and the folded plate is switched between a filling state and a discharging state; when the folded plate is in a vacancy filling state, the surface of the plate A in the compression cavity is flush with the surface of the third wall in the compression cavity, and the surface of the plate B in the compression cavity is flush with the surface of the bottom wall of the box body in the compression cavity; when the folded plate is in a discharging state, the plate A inclines towards the outer side of the compression cavity, and the plate B inclines towards the upper end of the compression cavity.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the trolley assembly further comprises a universal ball seat and a steel ball, the lower end of the universal ball seat is fixedly arranged on the second floor or the tipping platform and is positioned on the outer side of a guide rail relatively close to the drainage groove, a spherical pit for containing the steel ball is formed in the upper end of the universal ball seat, and the steel ball is movably arranged in the spherical pit of the universal ball seat; the universal ball seats are arranged at intervals and are arranged in a row parallel to the guide rail; when the trolley moves to any position along the guide rail, at least one steel ball on the universal ball seat is contacted with the lower surface of the trolley body; correspondingly, the trolley body is a rectangular frame with four top corners, the electric wheels are only arranged at the three top corners of the lower end of the trolley body, and the electric wheels are not arranged at the lower end of one top corner of the trolley body, which is relatively close to the drainage groove.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the trolley component also comprises an electric push rod B and a positioning sleeve; the electric push rod B is fixedly connected to one end of the trolley body and does lifting movement in the vertical direction; the positioning sleeve is fixedly arranged on the tilting platform and is positioned at the lower end of the electric push rod B; when the trolley is located at the first position, the electric push rod B is opposite to the positioning sleeve up and down, and the electric push rod B extends into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve to lock the position of the trolley.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: when the inner funnel is butted with the outer funnel, the distance between the lower port of the inner funnel and the bottom surface of a smelting cavity of the smelting furnace is 0-5 cm; a disposable soft cushion is arranged in the lower port of the inner funnel.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the material conveying mechanism also comprises a lower supporting part; the lower supporting part is arranged between the second-layer bottom plate and the frame body A, the upper end of the lower supporting part is hinged with the second hinge joint of the frame body A, the lower end of the lower supporting part is suspended, and the lower supporting part is always vertical along with the rotation of the belt conveyor A; when the belt conveyor a is in a conveying state, the lower end of the lower support member abuts against the two-layer bottom plate, thereby providing support for the belt conveyor a.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the vertical elevator comprises an elevator shaft, a lifting platform, a traction driving device and a conveyor belt mechanism; the lower end of the elevator shaft is provided with a material inlet communicated to the first-layer space, and the upper end of the elevator shaft is provided with a material outlet communicated to the second-layer space; the lifting platform is arranged in the elevator shaft through a traction driving device and is driven by the traction driving device to do lifting motion in the vertical direction; the conveying belt mechanism is arranged on the lifting platform, is provided with a conveying belt, and synchronously performs lifting movement along with the lifting platform so as to move between an upper butt joint position and a lower butt joint position; when the conveyor belt mechanism is located at the upper butt joint position, the conveyor belt is over against the material outlet to output the material, and when the conveyor belt mechanism is located at the lower butt joint position, the conveyor belt is over against the material inlet to receive the material.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: the upper end of a steel ball inlet E of the refuge bin is connected with a material receiving funnel with an electric control valve C.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a steel ball outlet D of the steel ball cleaning machine is semicircular and is arranged close to the lower end edge of the end surface of the outer cylinder body; correspondingly, the cover plate is in a semicircular shape matched with the shape of the steel ball outlet D; correspondingly, the dry ice inlet, the waste gas outlet and the steel ball inlet D are all positioned at the upper end of the end face of the outer cylinder body.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the high-pressure air source is an air compressor.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the negative pressure air extraction equipment is a vacuum pump.
The invention adopts a further technical scheme that: it also includes an industrial robot arm for grasping the lance and controlling the lance movement.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. it is used for radioactive decontamination treatment of nuclear waste metals, which are mostly collected in nuclear power plants or nuclear industry enterprises, except that a small part of metals (such as the metals inside the reactor core) are radioactive-contaminated as a whole, and most of the metals are radioactive-contaminated only on the surface;
on one hand, the steel balls in the shot blasting decontamination device are used for striking the surface of the nuclear waste metal at a high speed, so that stains, rusts and radioactive substance layers on the surface of the nuclear waste metal can be effectively stripped, and the radioactive decontamination effect is achieved;
on the other hand, the nuclear waste metal is smelted by the smelting furnace, so that the radionuclide remained in the nuclear waste metal is released, part of volatile radionuclide can be directly changed into gas to be volatilized at high temperature, and part of radionuclide can be deposited in slag generated by smelting, so that the gas volatilized in the smelting process and the generated slag are collected, and the effect of radioactive decontamination is further achieved;
through two steps of shot blasting and smelting, the radiation dose in the nuclear waste metal is greatly reduced (the radiation dose can be reduced to meet the requirement of civil steel), and the smelting liquid can be cast into different products according to the actual application requirement, so that the nuclear waste metal is turned into wealth, the recycling of the nuclear waste metal is realized, and the requirement of minimizing the radioactive waste is fully met.
2. The shot blasting decontamination device has the following advantages:
a. the steel balls circularly flow among the spray gun, the screening bin and the recycling bin, the circulating path is relatively short, the abrasion of the steel balls is relatively small, and the service life is longer;
b. the spray gun can perform decontamination operation by abutting against the surface of the workpiece, the decontamination part and the decontamination time can be flexibly controlled by an operator, and the operation mode is very convenient;
c. dust and debris generated in the shot blasting decontamination operation process can be immediately collected in the dust collector without leaking outside, so that the radiation quantity of operators can be reduced to a greater extent;
d. the automatic cleaning of the steel ball can be realized, the radioactive nuclide stained on the surface of the steel ball can be fully removed through the cleaning process, and the recycling times of the steel ball when used for radioactive decontamination of the surface of the nuclear waste metal are prolonged.
3. The metal smelting feeding assembly has very high automation degree, the whole process of feeding, smelting and pouring basically does not need manual intervention, and a plurality of anti-interference structures (avoidance structures) are designed in a targeted manner according to the sequence and relative position relation of each part in the action process while the action requirements of each part are met;
a. in order to avoid interference with a furnace mouth (a drainage groove is formed in the furnace mouth) of a smelting furnace in the moving process of the trolley, on one hand, electric wheels which are relatively close to the lower ends of the top corners of the furnace mouth are removed (namely, the electric wheels are only arranged at the three top corners of the lower end of the trolley), and on the other hand, the trolley is supported in an auxiliary manner through universal ball seats and steel balls arranged on the two layers of bottom plates, so that the stability of the trolley in the moving process is ensured;
b. in order to avoid interference between the inner funnel and the belt conveyor A in the butt joint or separation process, on one hand, a hinge structure capable of rotating integrally is designed for the belt conveyor A, on the other hand, the upper drawing assembly provides rotating power for the belt conveyor A, and stability and reliability of the belt conveyor A in the rotating process are guaranteed.
4. The metal smelting feeding assembly has good reliability, various adverse factors existing in the working state of the metal smelting feeding assembly are fully considered, and various structures which are beneficial to improving the reliability are designed in a targeted manner;
a. in order to ensure that the trolley can be accurately aligned with a feeding port of a smelting furnace when in a first position and cannot shake or slide due to impact of materials, a locking structure in a specific state is designed for the trolley, namely, an electric push rod B is arranged at one end of the trolley, a positioning sleeve is arranged at the corresponding position of a tipping platform, when the trolley is positioned at the first position, the electric push rod B is vertically opposite to the positioning sleeve, and the electric push rod B extends into an inner hole of the positioning sleeve to lock the position of the trolley;
b. in order to avoid that the bottom surface of a smelting cavity of the smelting furnace is injured by materials when the materials are fed into a cold furnace, on one hand, a disposable soft cushion is arranged at the lower end opening of the inner funnel, and on the other hand, the distance between the lower end opening of the inner funnel and the bottom surface of the smelting cavity is only 0-5cm in a butt joint state; the material feeding device can play a good role in buffering when the material is fed into the cold furnace, and the bottom surface of a smelting cavity of the smelting furnace is prevented from being damaged by smashing;
c. in order to facilitate observation of the condition inside the smelting furnace at any time (through a feed inlet) in the smelting process, the dust hood is designed into a structure mode with adjustable height.
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a shot blasting decontamination device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the steel ball cleaning machine;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a steel ball returnable device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the spray gun;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a metal baler from one perspective;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the metal baler from another perspective;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a metal melting charging assembly;
FIG. 9 is a state diagram illustrating the completion of substep E at step S04 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a state diagram illustrating the completion of step a of step S05 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a state diagram illustrating the completion of substep D of step S05 of the present invention;
fig. 12 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 9.
Description of the drawings: the vertical lift is only shown in fig. 8 and not in fig. 9-11.
Illustration of the drawings: a shot blasting decontamination device 1; a spray gun 11; a merging chamber 111; a shot blasting operation port 1111; steel balls are shot into the channel 112; a steel ball inlet A1121; a steel ball recovery passage 113; a steel ball outlet A1131; a screening bin 121; a steel ball inlet B1211; a dust outlet 1212; tuyere a 1213; a steel ball drop opening 1214; steel ball outlet B1215; a recovery bin 122; a steel ball outlet C1221; a negative pressure vent 1222; a steel ball return port 1223; a three-way joint 123; a first port 1231; a second port 1232; a third port 1233; a dust collecting bin 131; an upper chamber 1311; a lower chamber 1312; a sand dust inlet 1313; filtered outlet 1314; a filter element 132; a steel ball cleaning machine 14; an outer cylinder 141; a steel ball outlet D1411; a dry ice inlet 1412; an exhaust outlet 1413; a steel ball inlet D1414; a slag discharge port 1415; a cover plate 1416; an inner cylinder 142; a hollowed-out hole 1421; a scaffold A143; an electric push rod X144; a motor 145; an annular cavity 146; a steel ball return device 15; a trip back bin 151; a steel ball inlet E1511; a steel ball outlet E1512; a receiving hopper 1513; a bracket B152; an electric push rod Y153; a high pressure gas inlet 161; a dry ice batch port 162; a dry ice outlet 163; a source of high pressure air 17; a negative pressure pumping device 18; a metal cutter 2; a metal shredder 3; a metal compression baler 4; a case 41; a first wall 411; a second wall 412; a third wall 413; a fourth wall 414; a bottom wall 415; an X-direction hydraulic cylinder 421; an X-direction pusher plate 422; a Y-direction hydraulic cylinder 431; a Y-direction pusher 432; a rotating plate 441; a fourth hinge joint 4411; a roll-over hydraulic cylinder 442; a rotating shaft 451; a flap 452; a discharge hydraulic cylinder 453; a floor 511; a two-layer backplane 512; a communication port 513; a vertical lift 52; a material inlet 521; a material outlet 522; tipping the platform 531; a smelting furnace 532; a feeding port 5321; a drainage groove 5322; a turning hydraulic cylinder 533; a guide rail 541; a trolley 542; a universal ball seat 543; a steel ball 544; an electric push rod B545; a positioning sleeve 546; an outer funnel 551; an inner funnel 552; a hanging lug 5521; a dust cage 563; a support 571; a frame body A5721; a first hinge 57211; a second hinge joint 57212; a third hinge 57213; conveyor a 5722; the attachment frame 5731; wire rope 5732; a hoist 5733; a lower support member 574; belt conveyor B6; an electric push rod A61; a connecting frame 62; a dust collection cover 63; belt conveyor C7; belt conveyor D8.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 12, the decontamination system for radionuclide scrap metal is used for decontaminating the radionuclide scrap metal and comprises a shot blasting decontamination device 1, a metal cutter 2, a metal shredder 3, a metal compression packer 4 and a metal smelting feeding assembly.
The metal shredder 3, the metal compression packer 4 and the metal smelting feeding assembly are used in sequence in the process of radioactive nuclear waste metal decontamination. The shot blasting decontamination device 1 and the metal cutting machine 2 are used successively in the nuclear waste metal decontamination process (successive use does not limit successive use relationship, and the shot blasting decontamination device 1 can be used for firstly cutting by the metal cutting machine 2 and then decontaminating, or can be used for firstly decontaminating by the shot blasting decontamination device and then cutting by the metal cutting machine 2). Also, the use of the shot-blasting decontamination apparatus 1 and the metal cutter 2 is arranged before the use of the metal shredder 3.
The shot blasting decontamination device 1 comprises a spray gun 11, a sand-dust separator, a sand-dust collector, a steel ball cleaning machine 14, a steel ball distributor 15, a dry ice supply device, a high-pressure air source 17 and negative-pressure air extraction equipment 18.
The spray gun 11 is internally provided with a converging cavity 111, a steel ball injection channel 112 and a steel ball recovery channel 113. The front end of the steel ball injection channel 112 and the front end of the steel ball recovery channel 113 are respectively communicated to the rear end of the converging cavity 111, and the front end of the converging cavity 111, the rear end of the steel ball injection channel 112 and the rear end of the steel ball recovery channel 113 respectively form a shot blasting operation port 1111, a steel ball inlet A1121 and a steel ball outlet A1131 on the spray gun 11.
The sand-dust separator comprises a screening bin 121, a recovery bin 122 and a three-way joint 123 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The two sides of the upper end of the screening bin 121 are respectively provided with a steel ball inlet B1211 and a sand dust outlet 1212, and the lower end of the screening bin 121 is provided with a blast port A1213, a steel ball falling port 1214 and a steel ball outlet B1215. The steel ball inlet B1211 is communicated with the steel ball outlet A1131 of the spray gun 11 through an air channel pipeline. An electric control valve A is arranged on the steel ball falling port 1214. An electric control valve D is arranged on the steel ball outlet B1215. The upper end of the recovery bin 122 is provided with an opening which is opposite to the steel ball falling port 1214 of the screening bin 121, the lower end of the recovery bin 122 is provided with a steel ball outlet C1221, and the side wall of the recovery bin 122 is provided with a negative pressure air outlet 1222 and a steel ball returning port 1223. Be equipped with first port 1231, second port 1232 and third port 1233 on the three way connection 123, first port 1231 is connected on the steel ball export C1221 of retrieving storehouse 122, and second port 1232 passes through gas circuit pipeline and communicates with the steel ball entry A1121 of spray gun 11.
The dust collector includes a dust collecting chamber 131 and a filter element 132 installed in an inner chamber of the dust collecting chamber 131. The filter element 132 divides the inner cavity of the dust collecting bin 131 into an upper cavity 1311 and a lower cavity 1312 which are not communicated with each other, and the outer wall of the dust collecting bin 131 is provided with a sand dust inlet 1313 communicated with the lower cavity 1312 and a filtered air outlet 1314 communicated with the upper cavity 1311. The sand dust inlet 1313 is communicated with the sand dust outlet 1212 of the screening bin 121 through a gas pipeline.
The steel ball cleaning machine 14 comprises an outer cylinder 141, an inner cylinder 142, a bracket A143, an electric push rod X144 and a motor 145. One end of the outer cylinder body 141 is provided with a steel ball outlet D1411, a dry ice inlet 1412, an exhaust gas outlet 1413 and a steel ball inlet D1414, the center and the lower edge of the other end are respectively provided with a crankshaft through hole and a slag discharge port 1415, and the slag discharge port 1415 is provided with an electric control valve B. The outer cylinder 141 is rotatably connected with a cover plate 1416 on the steel ball outlet D1411, and the cover plate 1416 is rotated to open or close the steel ball outlet D1411. The exhaust outlet 1413 of the outer cylinder 141 is communicated with the sand dust inlet 1313 of the dust collecting bin 131 through an air passage pipe. The steel ball inlet D1414 of the outer cylinder 141 is connected with the steel ball outlet B1215 of the screening bin 121 through a pipeline. One end of the inner cylinder 142 is provided with an opening, the other end is provided with an end plate, the outer circular surface of the inner cylinder is provided with a hollow hole 1421, and the hollow hole 1421 is a strip-shaped hole through which dust and fragments with the size smaller than that of the steel ball can pass. The inner cylinder 142 is rotatably mounted inside the outer cylinder 141 (via bearings) and forms an annular chamber 146 with the outer cylinder 141, and the opening of the inner cylinder 142 faces and is adjacent to the ball outlet D1411, the dry ice inlet 1412 and the waste gas outlet 1413 of the outer cylinder 141. The lower end of the bracket A143 is arranged on the ground, and the upper end is hinged with the outer wall of the outer cylinder 141. The lower end of the electric push rod X144 is hinged on the ground, the upper end is hinged with the outer wall of the outer cylinder body 141, and the electric push rod X144 is used for driving the outer cylinder body 141 to rotate around the hinged position of the outer cylinder body in a vertical plane, so that the steel ball outlet D1411 faces obliquely upwards or obliquely downwards. When the steel ball outlet D1411 faces obliquely upward, the cover plate 1416 is attached to the steel ball outlet D1411 to close the steel ball outlet D1411, and when the steel ball outlet D1411 faces obliquely downward, the cover plate 1416 is separated from the steel ball outlet D1411 to open the steel ball outlet D1411. The motor 145 is fixedly installed on an end surface of an outer side of the outer cylinder 141, a shaft thereof extends into the outer cylinder 141 through a shaft penetration hole and is fixedly connected with an end plate of the inner cylinder 142, and the shaft of the motor 145 rotates to drive the inner cylinder 142 to rotate circumferentially relative to the outer cylinder 141.
The steel ball returning device 15 comprises a returning bin 151, a bracket B152 and an electric push rod Y153. The upper end of the trip-back bin 151 is provided with a steel ball inlet E1511, the lower end is provided with a steel ball outlet E1512, and the steel ball inlet E1511 of the trip-back bin 151 is positioned right below the steel ball outlet D1414 of the outer cylinder 141. The lower end of the bracket B152 is fixedly arranged on the ground, and the upper end is hinged with the outer wall of the refuelling cabin 151. The lower end of the electric push rod Y153 is hinged on the ground, the upper end of the electric push rod Y153 is hinged with the outer wall of the refuge bin 151, and the electric push rod Y is used for driving the refuge bin 151 to rotate around the hinged position of the refuge bin in a vertical plane, so that the steel ball outlet E1512 faces to the obliquely upper direction or the obliquely lower direction. The ball retriever 15 may receive the steel balls discharged from the ball cleaning machine 14 when the steel ball outlet E1512 is directed obliquely upward, and the ball retriever 15 may deliver the steel balls to the recovery bin 122 when the steel ball outlet E1512 is directed obliquely downward.
The dry ice supplying device is internally provided with a dry ice storage cavity, and the outer wall of the dry ice supplying device is provided with a high-pressure air inlet 161, a dry ice feeding port 162 and a dry ice output port 163 which are communicated to the dry ice storage cavity. The dry ice output port 163 is communicated with a dry ice inlet 1412 of the steel ball cleaning machine 14 through an air channel pipeline.
The high-pressure air source 17 is used for outputting compressed air, and the high-pressure air source 17 is respectively communicated with the blast opening A1213 of the screening bin 121, the third port 1233 of the three-way joint 123 and the high-pressure air inlet 161 of the dry ice supply device through air passage pipelines.
The negative pressure air extracting device 18 is used for providing negative pressure, and the negative pressure air extracting device 18 is respectively communicated with the filtered air outlet 1314 of the dust collecting bin 131 and the negative pressure air outlet 1222 of the recycling bin 122 through the air passage pipeline.
The metal baler 4 comprises a case 41, an X-direction propulsion assembly, a Y-direction propulsion assembly, a top tipping assembly and a discharge control assembly.
The box body 41 is in a hollow cuboid shape, a compression cavity is arranged in the box body, the upper end of the box body is provided with a feeding and discharging port communicated with the compression cavity, the four side walls of the box body are respectively named as a first wall 411, a second wall 412, a third wall 413 and a fourth wall 414 clockwise, the lower end of the first wall 411 close to the second wall 412 is provided with a rectangular opening A communicated with the compression cavity, the lower end of the fourth wall 414 is provided with a rectangular opening B communicated with the compression cavity, a corner notch is arranged between the lower end of the third wall 413 and the bottom wall 415 of the box body 41, the corner notch is formed by communicating a rectangular opening C arranged on the third wall 413 with a rectangular opening D arranged on the bottom wall 415 of the box body 41, and the rectangular opening C is over against the rectangular opening A.
The X-direction propelling assembly comprises an X-direction hydraulic cylinder 421 and an X-direction push plate 422 connected to the end of the piston rod of the X-direction hydraulic cylinder 421. The cylinder body of the X-direction hydraulic cylinder 421 is fixedly mounted on the fourth wall 414 of the case 41 and is located outside the compression chamber. The X-direction push plate 422 is driven by the X-direction hydraulic cylinder 421 to make horizontal reciprocating linear movement, so that the movement is changed between the position of being flush with the rectangular opening B and the position of extending into the compression cavity, and the movement direction of the X-direction push plate 422 is perpendicular to the second wall 412.
The Y-direction propelling assembly comprises a Y-direction hydraulic cylinder 431 and a Y-direction push plate 432 connected to the end of a piston rod of the Y-direction hydraulic cylinder 431. The cylinder body of the Y-direction hydraulic cylinder 431 is fixedly installed on the first wall 411 of the case 41 and is located outside the compression chamber. The Y-direction push plate 432 is driven by the Y-direction hydraulic cylinder 431 to do horizontal reciprocating linear movement, and then the movement is changed between the position of being flush with the rectangular opening A and the position of extending into the compression cavity, and the movement direction of the Y-direction push plate 432 is parallel to the second wall 412.
The top roll assembly includes a roll plate 441 and a roll cylinder 442. One end of the rotating plate 441 is provided with a fourth hinge 4411, and the middle part of the rotating plate 441 is provided with a fifth hinge. The cylinder body of the turning hydraulic cylinder 442 is hinged to the upper end of the fourth wall 414, the end of the piston rod of the turning hydraulic cylinder 442 is hinged to the fifth hinge of the rotating plate 441, and the piston rod of the turning hydraulic cylinder 442 stretches to drive the rotating plate 441 to rotate around the fourth hinge 4411 in a vertical plane, so as to seal or open the material inlet and outlet of the box 41.
The discharge control assembly includes a shaft 451, a flap 452, and a discharge cylinder 453. The rotating shaft 451 is horizontally arranged and movably installed at the upper end of the third wall 413, and is arranged parallel to the third wall 413, one end of the rotating shaft 451 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the plate A, and the other end of the rotating shaft 451 is hinged with the end of a piston rod of the discharging hydraulic cylinder 453. The flap 452 is comprised of a panel a and a panel B perpendicular to each other and joined at the sides, and the flap 452 is disposed at the corner notch and fixedly connected to the pivot 451 at the upper end of the panel a. The cylinder body of the discharging hydraulic cylinder 453 is hinged to the lower end of the second wall 412, and the piston rod of the discharging hydraulic cylinder 453 extends and retracts to drive the rotating shaft 451 to rotate, so that the folding plate 452 is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft 451, and the folding plate 452 is switched between a filling state and a discharging state. When flap 452 is in the filled condition, the surface of panel A within the compression chamber is flush with the surface of third wall 413 within the compression chamber, and the surface of panel B within the compression chamber is flush with the surface of bottom wall 415 of housing 41 within the compression chamber. When flap 452 is in the discharge position, panel a is inclined outwardly of the compression chamber and panel B is inclined toward the upper end of the compression chamber.
The metal smelting feeding assembly comprises a main frame, a vertical elevator 52, a smelting furnace component, a trolley component, a feeding butt joint mechanism, a negative pressure dust removal mechanism and a material conveying mechanism.
The main frame is sequentially provided with a first layer bottom plate 511 and a second layer bottom plate 512 from bottom to top, a first layer space is arranged between the first layer bottom plate 511 and the second layer bottom plate 512, a second layer space is arranged at the upper end of the second layer bottom plate 512, and a communication port 513 for communicating the first layer space with the second layer space is arranged on the second layer bottom plate 512.
The vertical lift 52 is fixedly mounted to the overall frame and is located between the first floor space and the second floor space. The vertical hoist 52 includes a hoistway, a lift table (not shown), a traction drive (not shown), and a conveyor mechanism (not shown). The lower end of the elevator shaft is provided with a material inlet 521 communicated to the first-layer space, and the upper end of the elevator shaft is provided with a material outlet 522 communicated to the second-layer space. The lifting platform is installed in the elevator shaft through a traction driving device and does lifting motion in the vertical direction. The conveying belt mechanism is arranged on the lifting platform, is provided with a conveying belt, and moves up and down synchronously along with the lifting platform so as to move between an upper butt joint position and a lower butt joint position. When the conveyor mechanism is in the upper docked position, the conveyor belt faces the material outlet 522 for outputting material, and when the conveyor mechanism is in the lower docked position, the conveyor belt faces the material inlet 521 for receiving material.
The melter assembly includes a tipping platform 531, a melter 532, and a tilt cylinder 533. The tilting platform 531 is hinged to the communication port 513 of the second floor 512 and rotates around the hinge in a vertical plane. The smelting furnace 532 is internally provided with a smelting cavity, the upper end of the smelting furnace 532 is provided with a feeding port 5321 communicated to the smelting cavity and a drainage groove 5322 communicated to the feeding port 5321, and the upper end of the outer wall of the smelting furnace 532 is fixedly connected with the tilting platform 531, is positioned at the communication port 513 of the second floor 512 and is positioned between the first floor space and the second floor space. The turning hydraulic cylinder 533 is arranged between the floor 511 and the smelting furnace 532, the lower end of the turning hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the floor 511, the upper end of the turning hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lower surface of the turning platform 531, and the turning hydraulic cylinder is used for driving the turning platform 531 to rotate around the hinged position of the turning hydraulic cylinder, so that the smelting furnace 532 is driven to rotate, and the smelting furnace 532 is switched between a working state and a material pouring state. The smelting furnace 532 is vertical in working condition, and the feeding port 5321 is vertically upward. The smelting furnace 532 is in an inclined posture in a material pouring state, and liquid in a smelting cavity can be poured out through the feeding port 5321 and the drainage groove 5322.
Carriage assembly includes guide 541 and carriage 542. The number of the guide rails 541 is two, and the two guide rails 541 are arranged in parallel and fixedly installed on the second floor 512 and distributed at two sides of the feeding port 5321 of the smelting furnace 532. Both of the guide rails are arranged perpendicular to the flow-guiding trough 5322 of the smelting furnace 532, with one guide rail 541 relatively close to the flow-guiding trough 5322 and the other guide rail relatively far from the flow-guiding trough 5322. Cart 542 includes a cart body and motorized wheels. The vehicle body is provided with a hollow hole A and a hollow hole B. The electric wheel is arranged at the lower end of the vehicle body. The trolley 542 is movably mounted on two guide rails 541 through electric wheels.
The feeding and docking mechanism comprises an outer funnel 551, an inner funnel 552 and a traveling crane (not shown in the figure). The outer funnel 551 is fixedly installed in a hollow hole A of the vehicle body and is in a horn mouth shape with a large upper part and a small lower part. The inner funnel 552 is in a bell mouth shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, is matched with the inner hole shape of the outer funnel 551, and is provided with a hanging lug 5521 for butting and hanging at the upper end. The traveling crane is installed in the double space, and is used for controlling the movement of the inner funnel 552, thereby docking or undocking the inner funnel 552 with the outer funnel 551. When the inner funnel 552 is docked with the outer funnel 551, the lower port of the inner funnel 552 extends into the melting chamber of the melting furnace 532 through the feed opening 5321 of the melting furnace 532.
The negative pressure dust removing mechanism comprises a dust collecting hood 563 and a negative pressure dust remover (not shown in the figure). Dust cage 563 is installed on dolly 542 to be arranged in the fretwork hole B of dolly 542, the inside gas circuit passageway that is equipped with of dust cage 563, gas circuit passageway form dust collection opening and dust exhaust opening respectively at the both ends of dust cage 563, and dust exhaust opening and dust collection opening are located the upper end and the lower extreme of fretwork hole B respectively. The negative pressure dust remover is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, a filter element is arranged inside the negative pressure dust remover, and the air inlet of the negative pressure dust remover is connected with the dust outlet of the dust hood 563 through an air passage pipeline.
The material conveying mechanism comprises a support 571, a belt conveyor a and an upper pulling assembly. The support 571 is fixedly installed in the two-layer space. The belt conveyor a includes a rack a5721 and a conveyor belt a5722 mounted on the rack a 5721. The two ends of the belt conveyor A along the conveying direction of the conveying belt A5722 are respectively provided with a feeding end A and a discharging end A. The shelf body A5721 is sequentially provided with a first hinge joint 57211, a second hinge joint 57212 and a third hinge joint 57213 from one end to the other end, the shelf body A5721 is hinged and installed on the support 571 through the first hinge joint 57211, and the rotating path of the belt conveyor A around the first hinge joint 57211 is positioned in a vertical plane. The upper pulling assembly includes a connecting frame 5731, a wire rope 5732 and a hoist 5733. The lower end of the link 5731 is hinged to the third hinge 57213 of the frame body A5721. The lower end of the wire rope 5732 is connected to the upper end of the connecting bracket 5731, and the upper end of the wire rope 5732 is wound around the hoist 5733. The winch 5733 is fixedly installed on the support 571, the winch 5733 drives the belt conveyor a to rotate around the first hinge joint 57211 through the winding and unwinding steel cable 5732, so that the belt conveyor a is switched between a conveying state and an avoiding state, the feeding end a of the belt conveyor a is close to and opposite to the material outlet 522 of the vertical elevator 52 in the conveying state, and the discharging end a is positioned right above the feeding port 5321 of the smelting furnace 532, so as to realize the conveying of the material. In the escape state, the belt conveyor a avoids the ascending and descending movement path of the inner hopper 552, the turning path of the melting furnace 532, and the turning path of the tilting platform 531.
Preferably, it further comprises belt conveyor B6, belt conveyor C7, and belt conveyor D8. A belt conveyor B6 is provided between the metal cutter 2 and the metal shredder 3 for conveying the material processed by the metal cutter 2 to the metal shredder 3. A belt conveyor C7 is provided between the metal shredder 3 and the metal baler 4 for conveying the material treated by the metal shredder 3 to the metal baler 4. A belt conveyor D8 is provided between the inlet and outlet of the metal baler 4 and the material inlet 521 of the vertical lift 52 for conveying the material processed by the metal baler 4 into the vertical lift 52.
Preferably, the material delivery mechanism further comprises a lower support member 574. The lower supporting member 574 is disposed between the floor panel 512 and the frame body a5721, and has an upper end hinged to the second hinge 57212 of the frame body a5721 and a lower end suspended, which is always vertical along with the rotation of the belt conveyor a. When the belt conveyor a is in a conveying state, the lower end of the lower support member 574 abuts the two-layer bottom plate 512, thereby providing support for the belt conveyor a.
Preferably, the negative pressure dust removing mechanism further comprises an electric push rod A61 and a connecting frame 62. The electric push rod A61 is fixedly mounted on the body 421 of the trolley 42, and is fixedly connected with the dust collection cover 63 through the connecting frame 62 to drive the dust collection cover 63 to vertically move.
Preferably, the cart assembly further comprises a universal ball seat 543 and a steel ball 544. The lower end of the universal ball seat 543 is fixedly mounted on the second floor 512 or the tipping platform 531 and is located at the outer side of a guide rail 541 relatively close to the drainage groove 5322, a spherical pit for accommodating a steel ball is arranged at the upper end of the universal ball seat 543, and the steel ball 544 is movably mounted in the spherical pit of the universal ball seat 543; there are a plurality of universal ball seats 543, and all of the universal ball seats 543 are arranged at intervals and arranged in a row parallel to the guide rails 541. When trolley 542 moves to any position along guide 541, at least one steel ball 544 on universal ball seat 543 contacts the undersurface of trolley 542. Correspondingly, the trolley 542 is a rectangular frame with four top corners, the electric wheels are only arranged at the three top corners of the lower end of the trolley, and the electric wheels are not arranged at the lower end of one top corner of the trolley relatively close to the drainage groove 5322.
Preferably, the trolley assembly further comprises a power push rod B545 and a positioning sleeve 546. The electric push rod B545 is fixedly connected to one end of the body of the trolley 542 and vertically ascends and descends. A locator sleeve 546 is fixedly mounted to the tilt platform 531 and is located at the lower end of the power push bar B545. When the trolley 542 is located at the first position, the electric push rod B545 is opposite to the positioning sleeve 546 in the up-and-down direction, and the electric push rod B545 extends into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 546 to lock the position of the trolley 542.
Preferably, when the inner funnel 552 is butted against the outer funnel 551, the distance between the lower port of the inner funnel 552 and the bottom surface of the smelting chamber of the smelting furnace 532 is 0-5 cm. A disposable soft pad (not shown) is disposed in the lower end of the inner funnel 552, and the soft pad can be dissolved by itself at high temperature (200 ℃. & 500 ℃).
Preferably, all of the gas lines are provided with valves (not shown).
Preferably, the upper end of a steel ball inlet E1511 of the refuelling bin 151 is connected with a receiving funnel 1513 with an electric control valve C.
Preferably, the steel ball outlet D1411 of the steel ball cleaning machine 14 is semicircular and is arranged close to the lower end edge of the end surface of the outer cylinder 141; correspondingly, the cover plate 1416 presents a semicircular shape matched with the shape of the steel ball outlet D1411; correspondingly, a dry ice inlet 1412, an exhaust gas outlet 1413 and a steel ball inlet D1414 are all positioned at the upper end of the end surface of the outer cylinder body 141.
Preferably, the high pressure air source 17 is an air compressor.
Preferably, the negative pressure pumping device 18 is a vacuum pump.
Preferably, it also comprises an industrial robot (not shown in the figures) for gripping the lance 11 and controlling the movement of the lance 11.
The state of the trolley is described as follows:
the carriage 542 is provided with a first position, a second position, and a third position in this order along the moving path of the guide rail 541. When the trolley 542 is in the first position, the lower end opening of the outer funnel 551 is directly above and below the feed opening 5321 of the smelting furnace 532 in operation. When the trolley 542 is in the second position, the dust collection port of the dust collection hood 563 faces up and down the feed port 5321 of the operating melting furnace 532. When cart 542 is in the third position, cart 542 is offset up and down from the path of rotation of dump platform 531. Outer funnel 551 may be docked or undocked from inner funnel 552 only when cart 542 is in the first position.
The working principle of the shot blasting decontamination device is as follows:
the operator remotely controls the industrial robot arm action to grip the spray gun and move the spray gun 11 to face and abut the blasting operation port 1111 of the spray gun 11 against the surface of the nuclear waste metal, and then activates the high-pressure air supply 17 and the negative-pressure air suction device 18. Under the combined action of the high-pressure air source 17 and the negative-pressure air extraction equipment 18, the steel balls are made to circularly flow among the spray gun 111, the screening bin 121 and the recovery bin 122.
When the steel balls flow through the spray gun 11, the moving path is the steel ball injection channel 112, the converging cavity 111 and the steel ball recovery channel 113 in sequence. After entering the converging cavity 111, the steel balls move towards the shot blasting operation opening 1111 and finally impact the metal surface, so that on one hand, stains, rusts and radioactive substance layers on the metal surface are peeled off, on the other hand, the steel balls immediately rebound and change direction, and enter the steel ball recovery channel 113 under the action of negative pressure.
After the high-pressure air source 17 is started, the air is blown into the screening bin 121 from bottom to top through the air blowing port A1213, so that impurities, dust and debris in the screening bin 121 are blown to the upper area of the screening bin 121.
After the high-pressure air source 18 is started, air is blown into the steel ball injection channel 112 of the spray gun 11 through the three-way joint 123 and the steel ball inlet a1121, so that a steel ball outlet C1221 connected to the three-way joint 123 generates negative pressure, the steel balls are discharged from the steel ball outlet C1221 of the recovery bin 122 under the action of the negative pressure, then enter the air channel, and are pushed by wind to flow towards the steel ball injection channel 112 of the spray gun 11.
After the negative pressure air extraction device 19 is started, negative pressure is generated in the upper cavity 1311 of the dust collection bin 131, the lower cavity 1312 of the dust collection bin 131, the upper area of the screening bin 121 and the steel ball recovery channel 113 of the spray gun 11 in sequence. Under the action of the negative pressure, impurities, dust and debris in the upper region of the screening chamber enter the lower chamber 1312 of the dust collecting chamber 131, and then settle at the bottom of the lower chamber 1312 or are collected by the filter element 132.
In the method, the valves on the air path pipelines which are not involved are in a closed state, and the valves on the air path pipelines which are involved are in an open state.
The working principle of the metal compression packer is as follows:
after the crushed metal materials enter the compression cavity of the box body 41 through the material inlet and outlet at the upper end of the box body 41, the turning hydraulic cylinder 442 is started to drive the turning plate 441 to rotate around the fourth hinge joint 4411 in a vertical plane, so that the material inlet and outlet of the box body 41 are sealed on one hand, and the crushed metal materials in the compression cavity of the box body 41 are compressed in the height direction on the other hand.
Then, the X-direction hydraulic cylinder 421 is activated to drive the X-direction push plate 422 to move in a direction close to the second wall 412, so as to compress the metal particles in the compression cavity in the horizontal X-direction (the moving direction of the X-direction push plate 422 is defined as the X-direction), and when the X-direction push plate 422 moves to be flush with the side edge of the rectangular opening a, the movement is stopped.
Then, the Y-direction hydraulic cylinder 431 is actuated to drive the Y-direction push plate 432 to move in a direction to approach the third wall 413, and the crushed metal in the compression chamber is compressed in the horizontal Y-direction (the moving direction of the Y-direction push plate 432 is defined as the Y-direction), so that a rectangular parallelepiped block is formed after the compression of the crushed metal is completed.
Then, the X-direction hydraulic cylinder 421 and the Y-direction hydraulic cylinder 431 are respectively driven to retract the X-direction push plate 422 and the Y-direction push plate 432 to the original position without being sequentially started. Finally, the discharging hydraulic cylinder 453 is actuated to rotate the flap 452 via the shaft 451, so that the flap 452 is rotated from the filled state to the discharged state, and the compressed rectangular parallelepiped block is tilted and discharged from the compression chamber of the case 41.
Briefly describing the working process of the invention: the decontamination method of the radionuclide waste metal is applied to the decontamination system of the radionuclide waste metal, and can realize the decontamination of the radionuclide waste metal. Before the decontamination method is performed, the decontamination system of the radionuclide scrap metal is in an initial state in which:
a. steel balls in the shot blasting decontamination device 1 are concentrated in the screening bin 121;
b. the feed and discharge ports of the case 41 are open;
c. the X-direction push plate 422 is flush with the rectangular opening B;
d. the Y-direction push plate 432 is flush with the rectangular opening A;
e. flap 452 is in a filled state;
f. the smelting furnace 532 is in a working state;
g. cart 542 is in the first position;
h. inner funnel 552 interfaces with outer funnel 551;
i. the belt conveyor A is in a conveying state;
j. the power push rod B545 extends into the inner bore of the positioning sleeve 546.
The radioactive nuclear waste metal decontamination method comprises the following steps:
s01, surface shot blasting:
a. aiming at the nuclear waste metal with the inner wall surface, cutting treatment is carried out through a metal cutting machine 2, so that the inner wall surface is exposed, and surface shot blasting is conveniently carried out subsequently;
b. the operator remotely controls the industrial robot arm action to grip the spray gun and move the spray gun 11 to face and abut the blasting operation port 1111 of the spray gun 11 against the surface of the nuclear waste metal, and then activates the high-pressure air supply 17 and the negative-pressure air suction device 18. Under the combined action of the high-pressure air source 17 and the negative-pressure air extraction equipment 18, the steel balls circularly flow among the spray gun 111, the screening bin 121 and the recovery bin 122;
when the steel balls flow through the spray gun 11, the moving path is the steel ball injection channel 112, the converging cavity 111 and the steel ball recovery channel 113 in sequence. After entering the converging cavity 111, the steel balls move towards the shot blasting operation port 1111 and finally impact the metal surface, so that on one hand, stains, rusts and radioactive substance layers on the metal surface are stripped, on the other hand, the steel balls rebound and change direction immediately and enter the steel ball recovery channel 113 under the action of negative pressure;
after the high-pressure air source 17 is started, air is blown into the screening bin 121 from bottom to top through the air blowing port A1213, and impurities, dust and debris in the screening bin 121 are blown to the upper area of the screening bin 121;
after the high-pressure air source 18 is started, blowing air into the steel ball injection channel 112 of the spray gun 11 through the three-way joint 123 and the steel ball inlet A1121 to enable the steel ball outlet C1221 connected to the three-way joint 123 to generate negative pressure, discharging the steel balls from the steel ball outlet C1221 of the recovery bin 122 under the action of the negative pressure, then enabling the steel balls to enter the air channel, and enabling the steel balls to flow into the steel ball injection channel 112 of the spray gun 11 under the pushing of wind power;
after the negative pressure air extraction device 19 is started, negative pressure is generated in the upper cavity 1311 of the dust collection bin 131, the lower cavity 1312 of the dust collection bin 131, the upper area of the screening bin 121 and the steel ball recovery channel 113 of the spray gun 11 in sequence. Under the action of the negative pressure, impurities, dust and debris in the upper region of the screening chamber enter the lower chamber 1312 of the dust collecting chamber 131, and then settle at the bottom of the lower chamber 1312 or are collected by the filter element 132.
In this step, the valves on the gas path pipelines not involved are in a closed state, and the valves on the gas path pipelines involved are in an open state.
S02, fragmenting:
cutting the nuclear waste metal subjected to surface shot blasting into the size meeting the feeding requirement of the metal shredder 3 by a metal cutting machine; and putting the cut nuclear waste metal into a metal shredder 3 for shredding.
S03, compression and packaging:
a. after the crushed metal materials formed by shredding are transferred into a compression cavity of the box body 41, the turning hydraulic cylinder 442 is started to drive the rotating plate 441 to rotate around the fourth hinge joint 4411 in a vertical plane, so that on one hand, a material inlet and a material outlet of the box body 41 are sealed, and on the other hand, the crushed metal materials in the compression cavity of the box body 41 are compressed in the height direction;
b. the X-direction hydraulic cylinder 421 is started to drive the X-direction push plate 422 to move towards the direction close to the second wall 412, the metal particles in the compression cavity are compressed in the horizontal X direction (the moving direction of the X-direction push plate 422 is defined as the X direction), and when the X-direction push plate 422 moves to be flush with the side edge of the rectangular opening A (the side edge is the side edge of the rectangular opening A relatively far away from the second wall 412), the movement is stopped;
c. the Y-direction hydraulic cylinder 431 is started to drive the Y-direction push plate 432 to move towards the direction close to the third wall 413, metal particles in the compression cavity are compressed in the horizontal Y direction (the moving direction of the Y-direction push plate 432 is defined as the Y direction), and a cuboid block, which is hereinafter referred to as a metal block, is formed after the metal particles are compressed;
d. the X-direction hydraulic cylinder 421 and the Y-direction hydraulic cylinder 431 are started in sequence, and the X-direction push plates 422 and the Y-direction push plates 432 are respectively driven to return to the original positions;
e. the discharging hydraulic cylinder 453 is started to drive the flap 452 to rotate through the rotating shaft 451, so that the flap 452 rotates from the vacancy state to the discharging state, and the compressed cuboid blocks are tilted and discharged from the compression cavity of the box body 41.
S04, feeding in a cooling furnace:
a. the metal blocks are sent into the vertical lifter 52 through the material inlet 521, and after the vertical lifter 52 lifts the metal blocks from the first-layer space to the second-layer space, the metal blocks are driven to be discharged out of the vertical lifter 52 through the material outlet 522;
b. after being discharged from the material outlet 522, the metal blocks enter the conveying belt A5722 through the feeding end A of the belt conveyor A, and move to the discharging end A of the belt conveyor A along with the conveying belt A5722;
c. after being discharged from the discharge end a of the belt conveyor a, the metal blocks enter a smelting cavity of the smelting furnace 532 through an inner funnel 552;
d. after the feeding is finished, the winch 5733 is started to pull the belt conveyor A to rotate upwards around the first hinge joint 57211, so that the belt conveyor A is changed from a conveying state to an avoiding state;
e. the hanging hook at the lower end of the traveling crane hooks the hanging lug at the upper end of the inner funnel 552, and the traveling crane is operated to lift the inner funnel 552 upwards, so that the inner funnel 552 is completely separated from the outer funnel 551.
In the step, when the inner funnel is butted with the outer funnel, the distance between the lower port of the inner funnel and the bottom surface of a smelting cavity of the smelting furnace is 0-5 cm; set up disposable cushion in the lower port of interior funnel, the cushion plays the cushioning effect, can avoid smelting the chamber bottom surface of smelting furnace to be injured by the metal block pounding.
S05, smelting metal:
a. the electric push rod B545 exits the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 546 to release the position locking of the trolley 542, and then the trolley 542 moves from the first position to the second position, so that the dust collecting port of the dust collecting hood 563 is opposite to the feeding port 5321 of the smelting furnace 532;
b. starting the heating function of the smelting furnace to smelt the metal blocks; in the smelting process, on one hand, the continuous operation of the negative pressure dust collector is ensured, so that the volatile gas generated by smelting enters the negative pressure dust collector through the dust collection cover 563, the radioactive nuclide in the gas is intercepted in a filter element of the negative pressure dust collector, the filtered gas is discharged to the atmosphere through the negative pressure dust collector, and on the other hand, the slag generated by smelting is manually cleaned in real time;
c. after smelting is finished, the driving trolley moves from the second position to the third position, so that the rotating paths of the trolley 542 and the tipping platform 531 are staggered up and down;
d. and controlling the turning hydraulic cylinder 533 to act, so that the smelting liquid is discharged through the feeding port 5321 and the drainage groove 5322 in sequence and enters subsequent casting equipment to cast the required parts.
In this step, during the smelting process, the height of the dust hood 563 from the feeding port 5321 is adjusted to facilitate observation of the conditions in the smelting furnace 532, and if the smelting liquid incrustation phenomenon occurs, manual intervention is immediately performed to avoid the explosion of the furnace.
When the shot blasting decontamination device 1 continuously operates for 4-10min, the steel ball decontamination process can be started to remove the radioactive nuclide stained on the surface of the steel ball. Before the cleaning process is executed, the shot blasting decontamination device 1 is in the following state:
1. the outer cylinder 141 rotates until the steel ball outlet D1411 faces obliquely upward;
2. the electric control valve A on the steel ball falling port 1214 of the screening bin 121 is closed;
3. an electric control valve D on a steel ball outlet B1215 of the screening bin 121 is closed;
4. closing an electric control valve B on a slag discharge port 1415 of the steel ball cleaning machine 14;
5. the electrically controlled valve C on the receiving hopper 1513 of the steel ball return device 15 is opened.
The decontamination process is as follows:
s01, collecting the steel balls into a screening bin:
an operator remotely controls the industrial mechanical arm to act so as to hold the spray gun and move the spray gun 11, and the shot blasting operation opening 1111 faces and abuts against a plane, so that the shot blasting operation opening 1111 is closed; then the high-pressure air source 17 and the negative-pressure air extraction device 18 are started to enable the steel balls to flow along the flow path of the recovery bin 122, the spray gun 11 and the screening bin 121 and to be collected into the screening bin 121, and then the high-pressure air source 17 and the negative-pressure air extraction device 18 are closed.
In this step, after the negative pressure air extraction device 18 is started, negative pressure is sequentially generated in the upper cavity 1311 of the dust collection bin 131, the lower cavity 1312 of the dust collection bin 131, the upper region of the screening bin 121, and the steel ball recovery channel 113 of the spray gun 11.
In this step, after the high-pressure air source 18 is started, air is blown into the steel ball injection channel 112 of the spray gun 11 through the three-way joint 123 and the steel ball inlet a1121, so that the steel ball outlet C1221 connected to the three-way joint 123 generates negative pressure, and under the action of the negative pressure, the steel ball is discharged from the steel ball outlet C1221 of the recovery bin 122, enters the air path pipeline, and then flows into the steel ball injection channel 112 of the spray gun 11 under the pushing of wind power.
In this step, when the steel ball flows through the spray gun 11, the moving path is the steel ball injection channel 112, the converging cavity 111, and the steel ball recycling channel 113 in sequence. After entering the converging cavity 111, the steel balls move towards the shot blasting operation port 1111 and finally impact the metal surface, and after impacting the plane, the steel balls immediately rebound and change direction and enter the steel ball recovery channel 113 under the action of negative pressure.
In this step, the valves on the gas path pipelines not involved are in a closed state, and the valves on the gas path pipelines involved are in an open state.
S02, conveying the steel balls into the steel ball cleaning machine:
an electric control valve D on a steel ball outlet B1215 of the screening bin 121 is opened, so that steel balls in the screening bin 121 enter the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 142 through a steel ball inlet D1414 on the outer cylinder 141.
In this step, since the screening bin 121 is located above the steel ball cleaning machine 14, the steel balls can naturally flow by their own gravity.
In this step, the valves on the gas path pipelines not involved are in a closed state, and the valves on the gas path pipelines involved are in an open state.
S03, cleaning steel balls:
a. dry ice pellets are thrown into the dry ice storage chamber of the dry ice supply device 16 through the dry ice dispensing opening 162, and then the following three operations are simultaneously performed:
1. the motor 145 is started, the inner cylinder 142 is driven to rotate circularly relative to the outer cylinder 141, so that the steel balls in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 142 roll fully, on one hand, all surfaces of the steel balls have the opportunity of contacting dry ice particles, on the other hand, a small part of radioactive nuclides on the surfaces of the steel balls are stripped through the mutual collision action among the steel balls, and the scraps generated by collision enter the annular cavity 146 through the hollowed-out hole 1421 and are collected at the lowest part of the annular cavity 146;
2. starting the high-pressure air source 17, so that the dry ice particles in the dry ice storage cavity sequentially pass through the dry ice output port 163 of the dry ice supply device and the dry ice inlet 1412 of the outer cylinder body 141 and enter the inner cavity of the inner cylinder body 142; after entering the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 142, the dry ice particles directly impact the surface of the steel ball, and most of radioactive nuclides on the surface of the steel ball are stripped through sublimation;
3. starting the negative pressure air extraction equipment 18 to enable the upper cavity 1311 of the dust collection bin 131, the lower cavity 1312 of the dust collection bin 131 and the inner cavity of the inner barrel 142 to generate negative pressure in sequence; under the action of negative pressure, the gas containing the radionuclide in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 142 sequentially passes through the waste gas outlet 1413 of the outer cylinder 141, the sand and dust inlet 1313 of the dust collection bin 131, the lower cavity 1312 of the dust collection bin 131, the filter element 132, the upper cavity 1311 of the dust collection bin 131 and the negative pressure air extraction device 18, and is discharged to the outside. In the process, when the gas flows through the filter element 132, the radioactive nuclide is retained in the filter element 132, so that the gas finally discharged to the outside is ensured to be pollution-free gas;
b. after the steel balls are cleaned, the high-pressure air source 17, the negative-pressure air extraction equipment 18 and the motor 145 are closed, and the electronic control valve B on the slag discharge port 1415 of the outer cylinder 141 is opened, so that the debris in the annular cavity 146 is discharged.
In this step, the valves on the gas path pipelines not involved are in a closed state, and the valves on the gas path pipelines involved are in an open state.
In this step, the dry ice particles are cylindrical, with a diameter of 3mm and a length of 5.5 mm.
S04, conveying the steel balls into a recovery bin:
a. the electric push rod X144 acts to enable the outer cylinder body 141 to rotate around the hinged position of the outer cylinder body, when the outer cylinder body 141 rotates until the steel ball outlet D1414 faces to the inclined downward direction, the cover plate 1416 rotates under the self-weight, and the steel balls in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder body 142 are discharged through the steel ball outlet D1414;
b. the steel balls are discharged and then fall freely, and enter the trip-back bin 151 through a steel ball inlet E1511;
c. the electric push rod Y153 is started to drive the re-sending bin 151 to rotate around the hinged position of the re-sending bin 151 in a vertical plane, when the re-sending bin 151 rotates until the steel ball outlet E1521 faces obliquely downwards, the negative pressure air extraction equipment 18 is started to enable the recovery bin 122 and the re-sending bin 151 to generate negative pressure in sequence, and under the action of the negative pressure, steel balls in the re-sending bin 151 sequentially pass through the steel ball outlet E1521 of the re-sending bin 151 and the steel ball re-sending port 1223 of the recovery bin 122 to enter the recovery bin 122.
In this step, the valves on the gas path pipelines not involved are in a closed state, and the valves on the gas path pipelines involved are in an open state.
Claims (12)
1. The decontamination system of the radionuclide scrap metal is characterized in that: it is used for the decontamination of radionuclide scrap metals; the device comprises a shot blasting decontamination device and a metal smelting feeding assembly; the shot blasting decontamination device and the metal smelting feeding assembly are used in sequence in the process of radioactive nuclear waste metal decontamination;
the shot blasting decontamination device comprises a spray gun, a sand-dust separator, a sand-dust collector, a steel ball cleaning machine, a steel ball returning device, a dry ice supply device, a high-pressure air source and negative-pressure air extraction equipment;
a converging cavity, a steel ball injection channel and a steel ball recovery channel are arranged in the spray gun; the front end of the steel ball injection channel and the front end of the steel ball recovery channel are respectively communicated to the rear end of the converging cavity, and the front end of the converging cavity, the rear end of the steel ball injection channel and the rear end of the steel ball recovery channel respectively form a shot blasting operation port, a steel ball inlet A and a steel ball outlet A on the spray gun;
the sand-dust separator comprises a screening bin, a recovery bin and a tee joint which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the two sides of the upper end of the screening bin are respectively provided with a steel ball inlet B and a sand dust outlet, and the lower end of the screening bin is provided with a blast port A, a steel ball falling port and a steel ball outlet B; the steel ball inlet B is communicated with the steel ball outlet A of the spray gun through a gas path pipeline; an electric control valve A is arranged on the steel ball falling port; an electric control valve D is arranged on the steel ball outlet B; the upper end of the recovery bin is provided with an opening which is over against the steel ball falling port A of the screening bin, the lower end of the recovery bin is provided with a steel ball outlet C, and the side wall of the recovery bin is provided with a negative pressure exhaust port and a steel ball returning port; the tee joint is provided with a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port is connected to a steel ball outlet C of the recovery bin, and the second port is communicated with a steel ball inlet A of the spray gun through an air path pipeline;
the sand dust collector comprises a dust collecting bin and a filter element arranged in the inner cavity of the dust collecting bin; the filter element divides the inner cavity of the dust collecting bin into an upper cavity and a lower cavity which are not communicated with each other, and the outer wall of the dust collecting bin is provided with a sand dust inlet communicated with the lower cavity and a filtered air outlet communicated with the upper cavity; the sand dust inlet is communicated with a sand dust outlet of the screening bin through a gas path pipeline;
a cleaning cavity is arranged in the steel ball cleaning machine, and a steel ball outlet D, a dry ice inlet, an exhaust outlet and a steel ball inlet D which are communicated with the cleaning cavity are arranged outside the steel ball cleaning machine;
the steel ball returning device comprises a returning bin, a bracket B and a hydraulic cylinder Y; the upper end of the trip-return bin is provided with a steel ball inlet E, the lower end of the trip-return bin is provided with a steel ball outlet E, and the steel ball inlet E of the trip-return bin is positioned right below the steel ball outlet D of the outer barrel body; the lower end of the bracket B is fixedly arranged on the ground, and the upper end of the bracket B is hinged with the outer wall of the leave-return bin; the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder Y is hinged to the ground, the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder Y is hinged to the outer wall of the re-entry bin and used for driving the re-entry bin to rotate around the hinged position of the re-entry bin in a vertical plane, and the steel ball outlet E faces obliquely upwards or obliquely downwards;
a dry ice storage cavity is arranged in the dry ice supply device, and a high-pressure air inlet, a dry ice feeding port and a dry ice output port which are communicated with the dry ice storage cavity are arranged on the outer wall of the dry ice supply device; the dry ice output port is communicated with a dry ice inlet of the steel ball cleaning machine through an air path pipeline;
the high-pressure air source is used for outputting compressed air and is respectively communicated with a blast orifice A of the screening bin, a third port of the three-way joint and a high-pressure air inlet of the dry ice supply device through an air path pipeline;
the negative pressure air extraction equipment is used for providing negative pressure and is respectively communicated with the filtered air outlet of the dust collection bin and the negative pressure air outlet of the recovery bin through an air passage pipeline;
the metal smelting feeding assembly comprises a main frame, a vertical elevator, a smelting furnace component, a trolley component, a feeding butt joint mechanism, a negative pressure dust removal mechanism and a material conveying mechanism;
the main frame is sequentially provided with a first layer bottom plate and a second layer bottom plate from bottom to top, a first layer space is formed between the first layer bottom plate and the second layer bottom plate, a second layer space is formed at the upper end of the second layer bottom plate, and a communication port for communicating the first layer space with the second layer space is formed in the second layer bottom plate;
the vertical elevator is fixedly arranged on the main frame and is positioned between the first-layer space and the second-layer space; the vertical elevator comprises an elevator shaft, a lifting platform, a traction driving device and a conveyor belt mechanism; the lower end of the elevator shaft is provided with a material inlet communicated to the first-layer space, and the upper end of the elevator shaft is provided with a material outlet communicated to the second-layer space; the lifting platform is arranged in the elevator shaft through a traction driving device and is driven by the traction driving device to do lifting motion in the vertical direction; the conveying belt mechanism is arranged on the lifting platform, is provided with a conveying belt, and synchronously performs lifting movement along with the lifting platform so as to move between an upper butt joint position and a lower butt joint position; when the conveyor belt mechanism is in the upper butt joint position, the conveyor belt is over against the material outlet to output the materials, and when the conveyor belt mechanism is in the lower butt joint position, the conveyor belt is over against the material inlet to receive the materials;
the smelting furnace component comprises a tilting platform, a smelting furnace and a tilting hydraulic cylinder; the tipping platform is hinged at the communication port of the second floor bottom plate and rotates around the hinge position to a vertical plane; a smelting cavity is arranged in the smelting furnace, a feed opening communicated to the smelting cavity and a drainage groove communicated to the feed opening are formed in the upper end of the smelting furnace, the upper end of the outer wall of the smelting furnace is fixedly connected with the tilting platform, and the smelting furnace is positioned at a communication opening of the second floor and between the first floor space and the second floor space; the turnover hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the first floor and the smelting furnace, the lower end of the turnover hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the first floor, the upper end of the turnover hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lower surface of the tipping platform, and the turnover hydraulic cylinder is used for driving the tipping platform to rotate around the hinged position of the tipping platform so as to drive the smelting furnace to rotate and enable the smelting furnace to be switched between a working state and a material pouring state; the smelting furnace is in a vertical posture in a working state, and a feeding port is vertically upward; the smelting furnace is in an inclined posture in a material pouring state, and liquid in the smelting cavity can be poured out through the feeding port and the drainage groove;
the trolley assembly comprises a guide rail and a trolley; the number of the guide rails is two, and the two guide rails are arranged in parallel and fixedly arranged on the second-layer bottom plate and are distributed on two sides of a feed opening of the smelting furnace; the two guide rails are arranged perpendicular to the drainage groove of the smelting furnace, one guide rail is relatively close to the drainage groove, and the other guide rail is relatively far away from the drainage groove; the trolley comprises a trolley body and electric wheels; the vehicle body is provided with a hollow hole A and a hollow hole B; the electric wheel is arranged at the lower end of the vehicle body; the trolley is movably arranged on the two guide rails through electric wheels;
the feeding butt joint mechanism comprises an outer funnel, an inner funnel and a traveling crane; the outer funnel is fixedly arranged in a hollow hole A of the vehicle body and is in a horn mouth shape with a large upper part and a small lower part; the inner funnel is in a horn mouth shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, the inner funnel is matched with the inner hole of the outer funnel in shape, and the upper end of the inner funnel is provided with a hanging lug for butting and hanging; the travelling crane is arranged in the second-layer space and used for controlling the inner funnel to move so as to enable the inner funnel to be butted with or separated from the outer funnel; when the inner funnel is butted with the outer funnel, the lower port of the inner funnel extends into a smelting cavity of a smelting furnace through a feeding port of the smelting furnace;
the negative pressure dust removing mechanism comprises a dust collecting cover and a negative pressure dust remover; the dust hood is arranged on the trolley and is positioned in the hollow hole B of the trolley, the interior of the dust hood is provided with an air passage channel, the air passage channel forms a dust collecting port and a dust discharging port at two ends of the dust hood respectively, and the dust discharging port and the dust collecting port are positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the hollow hole B respectively; the negative pressure dust remover is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, a filter element is arranged in the negative pressure dust remover, and the air inlet of the negative pressure dust remover is connected with a dust discharge port of the dust hood through an air path pipeline;
the material conveying mechanism comprises a support, a belt conveyor A and an upper traction assembly; the support is fixedly arranged in the second-layer space; the belt conveyor A comprises a frame body A and a conveying belt A arranged on the frame body A; the two ends of the belt conveyor A along the conveying direction of the conveying belt A are respectively provided with a feeding end A and a discharging end A; the frame body A is sequentially provided with a first hinge joint, a second hinge joint and a third hinge joint from one end to the other end, the frame body A is hinged and installed on the support through the first hinge joint, and the rotating path of the belt conveyor A around the first hinge joint is positioned in a vertical plane; the upper traction assembly comprises a connecting frame, a steel cable and a winch; the lower end of the connecting frame is hinged on a third hinge joint of the frame body A; the lower end of the steel cable is connected with the upper end of the connecting frame, and the upper end of the steel cable is wound on the winch; the winch is fixedly arranged on the support, the winch drives the belt conveyor A to rotate around the first hinge joint through winding and unwinding a steel cable, so that the belt conveyor A is switched between a conveying state and an avoiding state, the feeding end A of the belt conveyor A is close to and right opposite to a material outlet of the vertical elevator in the conveying state, and the discharging end A is positioned right above a feeding port of the smelting furnace, so that the conveying of materials is realized; the belt conveyor A avoids a lifting moving path of the inner hopper, a turning path of the smelting furnace and a turning path of the tipping platform in an avoiding state;
the trolley is sequentially provided with a first position, a second position and a third position along the moving path of the guide rail; when the trolley is positioned at the first position, the lower port of the outer funnel is vertically opposite to the feed inlet of the smelting furnace in a working state; when the trolley is positioned at the second position, the dust collecting port of the dust collecting cover is vertically opposite to the feed inlet of the smelting furnace in a working state; when the trolley is at the third position, the rotation paths of the trolley and the tipping platform are staggered up and down; the outer funnel and the inner funnel may be docked or undocked only when the cart is in the first position.
2. The system for decontamination of radionuclide scrap metal as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: the steel ball cleaning machine comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a bracket A, a hydraulic cylinder X and a motor; one end of the outer cylinder body is provided with a steel ball outlet D, a dry ice inlet, a waste gas outlet and a steel ball inlet D, the center and the lower edge of the other end are respectively provided with a crankshaft through hole and a slag discharge hole, and the slag discharge hole is provided with an electric control valve B; the outer cylinder body is rotatably connected with a cover plate on the steel ball outlet D, and the cover plate is rotated to open or close the steel ball outlet D; the waste gas outlet of the outer cylinder is communicated with the sand dust inlet of the dust collection bin through a gas path pipeline; the steel ball inlet D of the outer cylinder is connected with the steel ball outlet B of the screening bin through a pipeline; one end of the inner cylinder body is provided with an opening, the other end of the inner cylinder body is provided with an end plate, a cleaning cavity is arranged in the inner cylinder body, and a hollow hole is formed in the outer circular surface; the inner cylinder body is rotatably arranged in the outer cylinder body, a ring-shaped cavity is formed between the inner cylinder body and the outer cylinder body, and the opening of the inner cylinder body is opposite to and closely adjacent to the steel ball outlet D, the dry ice inlet, the waste gas outlet and the steel ball inlet D of the outer cylinder body; the lower end of the bracket A is arranged on the ground, and the upper end of the bracket A is hinged with the outer wall of the outer cylinder; the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder X is hinged to the ground, the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder X is hinged to the outer wall of the outer cylinder body and used for driving the outer cylinder body to rotate around the hinged position of the outer cylinder body in a vertical plane, and the steel ball outlet D faces obliquely upwards or obliquely downwards; when the steel ball outlet D faces to the obliquely upper direction, the cover plate is attached to the steel ball outlet D to close the steel ball outlet D, and when the steel ball outlet D faces to the obliquely lower direction, the cover plate is separated from the steel ball outlet D to open the steel ball outlet D; the motor is fixedly arranged on the end surface of one side of the outer cylinder, a crankshaft of the motor extends into the outer cylinder through a crankshaft through hole and is fixedly connected with an end plate of the inner cylinder, and the crankshaft of the motor rotates to drive the inner cylinder to rotate circumferentially relative to the outer cylinder.
3. The radionuclide scrap metal decontamination system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the device also comprises a metal cutting machine, a metal shredder and a metal compression packer; the metal shredder, the metal compression packer and the metal smelting feeding assembly are used in sequence in the process of radioactive nuclear waste metal decontamination; the shot blasting decontamination device and the metal cutting machine are continuously used in the nuclear waste metal decontamination process; the shot blasting decontamination device and the metal cutting machine are arranged before the metal shredder.
4. The radionuclide scrap metal decontamination system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the device also comprises a belt conveyor B, a belt conveyor C and a belt conveyor D; the belt conveyor B is arranged between the metal cutting machine and the metal shredder and is used for conveying the materials processed by the metal cutting machine to the metal shredder; the belt conveyor C is arranged between the metal shredder and the metal compression packer and is used for conveying the materials processed by the metal shredder to the metal compression packer; the belt conveyor D is arranged between the material inlet and the material outlet of the metal compression packaging machine and the material inlet of the vertical lifting machine and is used for conveying materials processed by the metal compression packaging machine into the vertical lifting machine.
5. The system for decontamination of radionuclide scrap metal as claimed in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the metal compression packer comprises a box body, an X-direction propelling component, a Y-direction propelling component, a top overturning component and a discharging control component;
the box body is in a hollow cuboid shape, a compression cavity is arranged in the box body, the upper end of the box body is provided with a material inlet and a material outlet communicated with the compression cavity, the side walls of the four sides of the box body are clockwise named as a first wall, a second wall, a third wall and a fourth wall respectively, the lower end of the first wall, which is close to the second wall, is provided with a rectangular opening A communicated with the compression cavity, the lower end of the fourth wall is provided with a rectangular opening B communicated with the compression cavity, a corner gap is arranged between the lower end of the third wall and the bottom wall of the box body, the corner gap is formed by communicating a rectangular opening C arranged on the third wall with a rectangular opening D arranged on the bottom wall of the box body, and the rectangular opening C is over against the rectangular opening A;
the X-direction propelling component comprises an X-direction hydraulic cylinder and an X-direction push plate connected to the end of a piston rod of the X-direction hydraulic cylinder; the cylinder body of the X-direction hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the fourth wall of the box body and is positioned outside the compression cavity; the X-direction push plate is driven by the X-direction hydraulic cylinder to do horizontal reciprocating linear movement, and then the X-direction push plate is changed between being flush with the rectangular opening B and extending into the compression cavity, and the moving direction of the X-direction push plate is perpendicular to the second wall;
the Y-direction propelling component comprises a Y-direction hydraulic cylinder and a Y-direction push plate connected to the end of a piston rod of the Y-direction hydraulic cylinder; the cylinder body of the Y-direction hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the first wall of the box body and is positioned outside the compression cavity; the Y-direction push plate is driven by the Y-direction hydraulic cylinder to do horizontal reciprocating linear movement, and then the movement is changed between the position where the Y-direction push plate is flush with the rectangular opening A and the position where the Y-direction push plate extends into the compression cavity, and the movement direction of the Y-direction push plate is parallel to the second wall;
the top overturning assembly comprises a rotating plate and an overturning hydraulic cylinder; one end of the rotating plate is provided with a fourth hinge joint, and the middle part of the rotating plate is provided with a fifth hinge joint; the cylinder body of the turning hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the upper end of the fourth wall, the end of a piston rod of the turning hydraulic cylinder is hinged to a fifth hinge position of the rotating plate, and the piston rod of the turning hydraulic cylinder stretches and retracts to drive the rotating plate to rotate around the fourth hinge position in a vertical plane, so that a feed port and a discharge port of the box body are closed or opened;
the discharging control assembly comprises a rotating shaft, a folded plate and a discharging hydraulic cylinder; the rotating shaft is horizontally arranged and movably mounted at the upper end of the third wall and is arranged in parallel with the third wall, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the upper end of the plate A, and the other end of the rotating shaft is hinged with the end of a piston rod of the discharging hydraulic cylinder; the folded plate is composed of a plate A and a plate B which are perpendicular to each other and connected at the side edges, the folded plate is arranged at the corner gap, and the upper end of the plate A is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; the cylinder body of the discharging hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lower end of the second wall, and a piston rod of the discharging hydraulic cylinder stretches to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the folded plate is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft, and the folded plate is switched between a filling state and a discharging state; when the folded plate is in a vacancy filling state, the surface of the plate A in the compression cavity is flush with the surface of the third wall in the compression cavity, and the surface of the plate B in the compression cavity is flush with the surface of the bottom wall of the box body in the compression cavity; when the folded plate is in a discharging state, the plate A inclines towards the outer side of the compression cavity, and the plate B inclines towards the upper end of the compression cavity.
6. The radionuclide scrap metal decontamination system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the trolley assembly further comprises a universal ball seat and a steel ball, the lower end of the universal ball seat is fixedly arranged on the second floor or the tipping platform and is positioned on the outer side of a guide rail relatively close to the drainage groove, a spherical pit for containing the steel ball is formed in the upper end of the universal ball seat, and the steel ball is movably arranged in the spherical pit of the universal ball seat; the universal ball seats are arranged at intervals and are arranged in a row parallel to the guide rail; when the trolley moves to any position along the guide rail, at least one steel ball on the universal ball seat is contacted with the lower surface of the trolley body; correspondingly, the trolley body is a rectangular frame with four top corners, the electric wheels are only arranged at the three top corners of the lower end of the trolley body, and the electric wheels are not arranged at the lower end of one top corner of the trolley body, which is relatively close to the drainage groove.
7. The radionuclide scrap metal decontamination system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the trolley component also comprises an electric push rod B and a positioning sleeve; the electric push rod B is fixedly connected to one end of the trolley body and does lifting movement in the vertical direction; the positioning sleeve is fixedly arranged on the tilting platform and is positioned at the lower end of the electric push rod B; when the trolley is located at the first position, the electric push rod B is opposite to the positioning sleeve up and down, and the electric push rod B extends into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve to lock the position of the trolley.
8. The radionuclide scrap metal decontamination system according to claim 7, characterized in that: when the inner funnel is butted with the outer funnel, the distance between the lower port of the inner funnel and the bottom surface of a smelting cavity of the smelting furnace is 0-5 cm; a disposable soft cushion is arranged in the lower port of the inner funnel.
9. The radionuclide scrap metal decontamination system according to claim 8, characterized in that: the material conveying mechanism also comprises a lower supporting part; the lower supporting part is arranged between the second-layer bottom plate and the frame body A, the upper end of the lower supporting part is hinged with the second hinge joint of the frame body A, the lower end of the lower supporting part is suspended, and the lower supporting part is always vertical along with the rotation of the belt conveyor A; when the belt conveyor a is in a conveying state, the lower end of the lower support member abuts against the two-layer bottom plate, thereby providing support for the belt conveyor a.
10. The radionuclide scrap metal decontamination system according to claim 9, characterized in that: the vertical elevator comprises an elevator shaft, a lifting platform, a traction driving device and a conveyor belt mechanism; the lower end of the elevator shaft is provided with a material inlet communicated to the first-layer space, and the upper end of the elevator shaft is provided with a material outlet communicated to the second-layer space; the lifting platform is arranged in the elevator shaft through a traction driving device and is driven by the traction driving device to do lifting motion in the vertical direction; the conveying belt mechanism is arranged on the lifting platform, is provided with a conveying belt, and synchronously performs lifting movement along with the lifting platform so as to move between an upper butt joint position and a lower butt joint position; when the conveyor belt mechanism is located at the upper butt joint position, the conveyor belt is over against the material outlet to output the material, and when the conveyor belt mechanism is located at the lower butt joint position, the conveyor belt is over against the material inlet to receive the material.
11. The radionuclide scrap metal decontamination system according to claim 10, characterized in that: a steel ball outlet D of the steel ball cleaning machine is semicircular and is arranged close to the lower end edge of the end surface of the outer cylinder body; correspondingly, the cover plate is in a semicircular shape matched with the shape of the steel ball outlet D; correspondingly, the dry ice inlet, the waste gas outlet and the steel ball inlet D are all positioned at the upper end of the end face of the outer cylinder body.
12. The radionuclide scrap metal decontamination system according to claim 11, characterized in that: it also includes an industrial robot arm for grasping the lance and controlling the lance movement.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111426662.1A CN114155986B (en) | 2021-11-27 | 2021-11-27 | Decontamination system for radioactive nuclear waste metal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111426662.1A CN114155986B (en) | 2021-11-27 | 2021-11-27 | Decontamination system for radioactive nuclear waste metal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114155986A true CN114155986A (en) | 2022-03-08 |
| CN114155986B CN114155986B (en) | 2024-02-06 |
Family
ID=80457925
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111426662.1A Active CN114155986B (en) | 2021-11-27 | 2021-11-27 | Decontamination system for radioactive nuclear waste metal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114155986B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114155987A (en) * | 2021-11-27 | 2022-03-08 | 南华大学 | Method for decontaminating waste metals with radioactive nuclei |
| CN115331861A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-11-11 | 中核环保工程设计研究有限公司 | Decontamination smelting recycling method for radioactive waste metal |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994029879A1 (en) * | 1993-06-08 | 1994-12-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Installation for decontaminating radioactively contaminated surfaces |
| JP2013040841A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2013-02-28 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Radioactive metal waste disposal facility |
| CN103811091A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2014-05-21 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | High-level uranium pollution carbon steel or stainless steel smelting decontamination process |
| CN104552023A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-04-29 | 昆山开信机械制造有限公司 | Numerical-control automatic shot blasting system for pipeline inner wall of thin and long steel pipe |
| RU2579151C1 (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-04-10 | Алексей Тадеушевич Нестер | Method of recycling radionuclide-contaminated metal wastes |
| CN111243775A (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2020-06-05 | 岭东核电有限公司 | Disposal method with radioactive device for nuclear power plant, system and product |
| CN111826526A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-27 | 大冶有色金属有限责任公司 | Method and device for environment-friendly recovery of precious metals in waste circuit board through combined smelting of waste circuit board, copper concentrate and desulfurized gypsum |
| CN112176145A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-05 | 中核四川环保工程有限责任公司 | Method for recovering radioactive waste metal |
| CN113460649A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-01 | 南华大学 | Automatic uranium conversion material feeding assembly with caching function |
-
2021
- 2021-11-27 CN CN202111426662.1A patent/CN114155986B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994029879A1 (en) * | 1993-06-08 | 1994-12-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Installation for decontaminating radioactively contaminated surfaces |
| JP2013040841A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2013-02-28 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Radioactive metal waste disposal facility |
| CN103811091A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2014-05-21 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | High-level uranium pollution carbon steel or stainless steel smelting decontamination process |
| CN104552023A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-04-29 | 昆山开信机械制造有限公司 | Numerical-control automatic shot blasting system for pipeline inner wall of thin and long steel pipe |
| RU2579151C1 (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-04-10 | Алексей Тадеушевич Нестер | Method of recycling radionuclide-contaminated metal wastes |
| CN111243775A (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2020-06-05 | 岭东核电有限公司 | Disposal method with radioactive device for nuclear power plant, system and product |
| CN111826526A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-27 | 大冶有色金属有限责任公司 | Method and device for environment-friendly recovery of precious metals in waste circuit board through combined smelting of waste circuit board, copper concentrate and desulfurized gypsum |
| CN112176145A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-05 | 中核四川环保工程有限责任公司 | Method for recovering radioactive waste metal |
| CN113460649A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-01 | 南华大学 | Automatic uranium conversion material feeding assembly with caching function |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 陈安全;: "铀矿冶放射性污染金属熔炼去污及再生利用", 铀矿冶, pages 41 - 45 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114155987A (en) * | 2021-11-27 | 2022-03-08 | 南华大学 | Method for decontaminating waste metals with radioactive nuclei |
| CN114155987B (en) * | 2021-11-27 | 2024-04-19 | 南华大学 | Method for decontaminating radionuclides waste metals |
| CN115331861A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-11-11 | 中核环保工程设计研究有限公司 | Decontamination smelting recycling method for radioactive waste metal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114155986B (en) | 2024-02-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN114155986B (en) | Decontamination system for radioactive nuclear waste metal | |
| CN114242298A (en) | Preparation method of nuclear waste sealed storage container | |
| CN102001028B (en) | Through-type bar material airless blast cleaner | |
| CN107498055A (en) | A kind of powder cleaning equipment for selective laser fusing part | |
| CN114132765B (en) | Method for smelting and feeding radioactive nuclear waste metal | |
| CN114242297A (en) | Preparation system of nuclear waste sealed storage container | |
| CN114084608A (en) | Radionuclide scrap metal smelting and feeding assembly | |
| CN201815959U (en) | Through type shot blast cleaning machine for bars | |
| CN114131343A (en) | Preparation method of special steel shot for removing nuclear waste metal radioactivity | |
| CN114155987B (en) | Method for decontaminating radionuclides waste metals | |
| CN107932342B (en) | Crawler-type shot blasting machine | |
| CN114131032B (en) | Special steel shot preparation system for removing nuclear waste metal radioactivity | |
| CN218656816U (en) | Charging system of hydrogen crushing furnace | |
| CN111559757A (en) | Ilmenite acidolysis device for chemical industry | |
| CN205734505U (en) | Automatically drum-type abrasive blasting machine | |
| CN115555581A (en) | Residual powder cleaning device | |
| CN114102444A (en) | Shot blasting device with steel ball radioactivity self-cleaning function and shot blasting method | |
| JP4815173B2 (en) | Industrial dust collector | |
| CN114146803A (en) | Waste material throwing, conveying, crushing and recycling system | |
| KR102598113B1 (en) | system and method that compresses radioactive waste filters of nuclear power plant with efficiency | |
| KR101777653B1 (en) | Pure magnesium extracting system | |
| CN220481405U (en) | Scrap recycling structure for shot blasting machine | |
| CN216883406U (en) | Lifting hook sealed type shot blasting machine convenient for shot recovery | |
| CN216104241U (en) | Feeding device for vertical rubber plug cleaning machine | |
| CN216605545U (en) | Waste material throwing-in conveying-smashing recycling system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |