CN114152729B - Dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device and method based on rock mass rotation - Google Patents
Dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device and method based on rock mass rotation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114152729B CN114152729B CN202111416462.8A CN202111416462A CN114152729B CN 114152729 B CN114152729 B CN 114152729B CN 202111416462 A CN202111416462 A CN 202111416462A CN 114152729 B CN114152729 B CN 114152729B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rock
- simulation
- layer
- overburden
- similarity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
- G01N2203/0066—Propagation of crack
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic overlying strata movement simulation device and method based on rock rotation, which belong to the technical field of mining engineering analogue simulation tests, wherein the device comprises a visual frame system, a rock rotation simulation system, a rock-soil body contact surface simulation system, a loose stratum analogue simulation system and a real-time monitoring system, and can simulate the inoculation and self-repairing rules of dynamic cracks under the conditions of different thickness of a loose stratum, mechanical properties of the loose stratum, roughness of a rock-soil body contact surface, subsidence height of overlying strata steps, overlying strata rotation angle and the like, thereby truly reflecting the influence factors and driving mechanisms of dynamic crack self-repairing aiming at a coal mining subsidence area and improving the accuracy and reliability of simulation results.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering analogue simulation tests, in particular to a dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device and method based on rock mass rotation.
Background
Currently, in a device for simulating loose bed damage and ground surface crack evolution law caused by coal exploitation, loose soil for test is enabled to generate mobile deformation and cracks under the driving of translation, settlement or lifting of a ground surface mobile deformation simulation test platform.
In the scheme, in the device for simulating the damage of the loose layer and the evolution rule of the ground surface cracks caused by coal exploitation, the loose soil body of the ground surface can be driven to be damaged only by the simple translation, settlement or lifting of the platform, and the rotation subsidence and rotation movement rule of the key layer of the overlying strata of the working surface cannot be truly simulated, so that the real change rule of the ground surface cracks cannot be truly reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device and method based on rock rotation, which are used for solving the technical problems that in a device for simulating loose bed damage and earth surface fracture evolution law caused by coal mining in the prior art, influencing factors and driving mechanisms for dynamic fracture self-repairing of a coal mining subsidence area cannot be truly reflected, so that simulation results are low in accuracy.
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides a dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation, which comprises the following components:
the visual frame system comprises a similar simulation test platform and a model box body arranged on the periphery of the similar simulation test platform, wherein the model box body is provided with a transparent plate;
the rock mass rotation simulation system is arranged on the similar simulation test platform and comprises a plurality of rock mass units and a force application unit connected between the bottom of the similar simulation test platform and each rock mass unit;
The rock-soil body contact surface simulation system is arranged on the rock block unit;
The loose layer similarity simulation system is arranged on the rock-soil body contact surface simulation system and is in contact with the rock-soil body contact surface simulation system;
The real-time monitoring system is used for monitoring the loose layer similarity simulation system, the rock-soil body contact surface simulation system and the similarity simulation test platform; after the force application unit is started, applying pressure in different directions to the rock block units, rotating and dislocating between adjacent rock block units under the action of the pressure, and simulating the scene of overlying broken rock blocks in the on-site coal exploitation; the real-time monitoring system acquires monitoring results in real time, and obtains analysis results of internal stress of the loose layer, analysis results of different result states and displacement paths before and after the rotary movement of the overburden and analysis results of surface crack width, depth and opening and closing rules according to the monitoring results.
In some embodiments, the dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation:
The real-time monitoring system comprises a stress sensor pre-buried in the loose layer similarity simulation system, a three-dimensional laser scanner arranged above the similarity simulation test platform, and a camera arranged right in front of the similarity simulation test platform; the real-time monitoring system acquires detection data of the stress sensor, the three-dimensional laser scanner and the camera in real time, obtains an analysis result of internal stress of the loose layer in the stoping process according to the detection data of the stress sensor, obtains analysis results of different result states and displacement paths of the loose layer before and after the overlying strata rotary motion according to the detection data of the camera, and obtains analysis results of surface crack width, depth and opening and closing rules according to the detection result of the three-dimensional laser scanner.
In some embodiments, the dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation, the force application unit includes a telescopic component:
The telescopic component comprises an upper rotating shaft, a telescopic rod, a lower rotating shaft, a servo motor and a support; the upper rotating shaft is fixed on the rock block unit and hinged with the rock block unit; the two ends of the telescopic rod are respectively connected with the upper rotating shaft and the upper part of the servo motor, and the lower part of the servo motor is connected with the lower rotating shaft; the lower rotating shaft is hinged to the support, and the support is arranged at the bottom of the similar simulation test platform.
In some embodiments, the dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation:
each rock block unit is provided with two telescopic parts, and the installation positions of the two telescopic parts are symmetrically distributed along the central line of the rock block unit.
In some embodiments, the dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation, the force application unit further includes a rotation shaft locking part:
The two ends of the lower rotating shaft are provided with first gears; a second gear is arranged in the rotating shaft locking component; after the rotation shaft locking member is mounted, the first gear and the second gear are engaged with each other to prevent the rotation of the telescopic member.
In some embodiments, the dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation:
The rock-soil body contact surface simulation system comprises a sand cloth material, and the sand cloth material is paved on the surface of the rock block unit.
In some embodiments, the dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation:
The loose layer similarity simulation system is formed by mixing organic glass particles with different particle sizes with a weak binder.
In some embodiments, the dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation:
the rock mass unit is of a cuboid structure, and the edge of the cuboid structure is formed into a round corner structure.
In some embodiments, the dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation:
The simulation test platform is made of rigid alloy materials, the model box body is of a cuboid structure, the baffles in the first direction of the model box body are transparent organic glass plates, and the baffles in the second direction of the model box body are rigid alloy plates.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a dynamic overburden rock movement simulation method based on rock mass rotation, which comprises the following steps:
a. Acquiring rock-soil layer mechanical parameters and actual occurrence information of the rock-soil layer, calculating load values of each overburden layer in the rock-soil layer by layer based on a combined beam principle and a key layer theory, calculating limit spans of the overburden layer under the load, and acquiring limit spans, movement modes and sinking values of an upper key layer; determining each similarity constant of the simulation device by combining the similarity three theorem;
b. loose layer similarity simulation parameters determination: according to the mechanical test measurement result of the field loose layer soil, combining the geometric similarity constant and the physical similarity constant, and determining the proportion of the organic glass particles, water and the binder;
c. and (3) determining the roughness parameters of the contact surface of the rock and soil body: determining the roughness of the abrasive cloth of the rock-soil body contact surface according to the lithology of the rock-soil body contact surface base rock stratum and the loose layer;
d. and (3) building a similarity simulation system: arranging abrasive cloth with certain roughness on the surface of a rock unit of a rock rotary simulation system of a similar simulation test platform, paving loose layers of similar simulation materials layer by layer on the upper part of the abrasive cloth, and dip-dyeing different colors on each layer of materials;
e. Installing a real-time monitoring system: d, installing a stress sensor at a preset position when the similarity simulation system is built in the step; installing a camera right in front of the similarity simulation test platform; installing a three-dimensional laser scanner right above the simulation test platform;
f. rock mass rotation simulation: sequentially controlling the telescopic device to control the rock block units to rotate, sink and rotate so as to simulate the overburden rock movement caused by coal exploitation; after the rock mass unit moves to a fixed position, a rotating shaft locking device is adopted to fix the telescopic device so as to fix the movement mode of the overlying strata;
g. And (3) monitoring result acquisition: monitoring the migration and crushing process of similar materials of a loose layer in the rock rotation process, collecting data obtained by a real-time monitoring system, and analyzing internal stress of the loose layer in the stoping process according to stress sensor data obtained by a test; according to image data of a camera arranged right in front of a simulation test platform, analyzing different result states and displacement paths of a loose layer before and after the rotary movement of a overburden by using an image graying processing method; and analyzing the width, depth and opening and closing rules of the cracks on the model surface according to the image data of the three-dimensional laser scanner arranged right above the simulation test platform.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following technical effects:
The dynamic overlying strata movement simulation device and method based on the rock revolution provided by the invention comprise a visual frame system, a rock revolution simulation system, a rock-soil body contact surface simulation system, a loose stratum similarity simulation system and a real-time monitoring system, and can simulate the inoculation and self-repairing rules of dynamic cracks under the conditions of different loose stratum thicknesses, loose stratum mechanical properties, rock-soil body contact surface roughness, overlying strata step sinking height, overlying strata revolution angles and the like, thereby truly reflecting the influence factors and driving mechanisms of dynamic crack self-repairing aiming at a coal mining subsidence area and improving the accuracy and reliability of simulation results.
Drawings
The objects and advantages of the present invention will be better understood by describing in detail preferred embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic overburden movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 2a and 2b are block diagram illustrating the assembly of a rock gyratory simulation system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a rock mass rotation simulation system according to one embodiment of the invention
FIG. 4 is a front view of a rock mass rotation simulation system according to one embodiment of the invention
FIGS. 5a and 5b are assembly views of a rotation shaft locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method of overburden movement simulation based on rock mass revolution in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, the reference numerals are respectively as follows:
The system comprises a 1-visual frame system, a 2-loose layer similar simulation system, a 3-real-time monitoring system, a 4-rock-soil body contact surface simulation system, a 5-rock rotation simulation system, a 6-platform base, a 7-rotation locking device, an 8-support, a 9-lower rotating shaft, a 10-servo motor, an 11-telescopic part, a 12-rock unit, a 13-upper rotating shaft and a 14-abrasive cloth material.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The embodiment provides a dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation, which comprises a visual frame system 1, a rock mass rotation simulation system 5, a rock-soil body contact surface simulation system 4, a loose layer similarity simulation system 2 and a real-time monitoring system 3 as shown in fig. 1. The visual frame system 1 comprises a similar simulation test platform and a model box body arranged on the periphery of the similar simulation test platform, wherein the model box body is provided with a transparent plate. The rock mass rotation simulation system 5 is disposed on the simulation test platform, and in combination with fig. 2a and fig. 2b to fig. 5, the rock mass rotation simulation system 5 includes a plurality of rock mass units 12, and a force application unit connected between the bottom of the simulation test platform and each of the rock mass units 12. The rock-soil body contact surface simulation system 4 is arranged on the rock block unit 12; the loose layer similarity simulation system 2 is arranged on the rock-soil body contact surface simulation system 4 and is in contact with the rock-soil body contact surface simulation system 4. The real-time monitoring system 3 monitors the loose layer similarity simulation system 2, the rock-soil body contact surface simulation system 4 and the similarity simulation test platform; after the force application unit is started, applying pressure in different directions to the rock block units 12, rotating and dislocating between adjacent rock block units 12 under the action of the pressure, and simulating the scene of overlying broken rock blocks in on-site coal mining; the real-time monitoring system 3 acquires monitoring results in real time, and obtains analysis results of internal stress of the loose layer, analysis results of different result states and displacement paths before and after the rotary movement of the overburden, and analysis results of surface crack width, depth and opening and closing rules according to the monitoring results.
According to the scheme provided by the embodiment, the inoculation and self-repairing rules of dynamic cracks under the conditions of different loose layer thicknesses, loose layer mechanical properties, rock-soil body contact surface roughness, overlying rock step sinking height, overlying rock rotation angles and the like can be simulated, so that the influence factors and driving mechanisms of dynamic crack self-repairing aiming at a coal mining subsidence area are truly reflected, and the accuracy and reliability of simulation results are improved.
In some embodiments, the simulation test platform is a rigid alloy material, the baffles in the first direction of the model box are all transparent plexiglass plates, and the baffles in the second direction of the model box are rigid alloy plates. The rigid alloy material can ensure the safety and stability of the whole platform in the simulated overlying strata rotary motion of the device, the front and back directions of the box body are transparent plates, and video acquisition components such as a camera and the like can be conveniently arranged outside to shoot and record the actual conditions in the box body.
In some embodiments, the real-time monitoring system 3 includes a stress sensor pre-embedded in the loose layer simulation system 2, a three-dimensional laser scanner installed above the simulation test platform, and a camera 32 (in the case of a transparent plate in front of the simulation test platform); the real-time monitoring system collects detection data of the stress sensor, the three-dimensional laser scanner 31 and the camera 32 in real time, obtains an analysis result of internal stress of the loose layer in the stoping process according to the detection data of the stress sensor, obtains analysis results of different result states and displacement paths of the loose layer before and after the overlying strata rotary motion according to the detection data of the camera 32, and obtains analysis results of surface crack width, depth and opening and closing rules according to the detection result of the three-dimensional laser scanner 31. In specific implementation, the loose layer simulation system 2 comprises organic glass particles with different particle sizes and a weak binder. The stress sensor is buried in loose layer particles in the laying process of the loose layer similar simulation system 2, and can monitor the internal stress change of the loose layer similar simulation system 2 in real time and serve as a simulation result of the internal stress of the loose layer. Image data collected by a camera 32 (a high-definition digital camera can be adopted) arranged right in front of the simulation test platform is used for analyzing different result states and displacement paths of the loose layer simulation system 2 before and after the rotary motion of the rock mass unit 12 by using an image gray-scale processing method, and the result is used as a result of analyzing the different result states and displacement paths of the loose layer before and after the rotary motion of the overburden. And analyzing the width, depth and opening and closing rules of the cracks on the surface of the model as crack inoculation analysis results of the loose layer in the overburden rotary motion according to the image data acquired by the three-dimensional laser scanner 31 arranged right above the simulation test platform.
In some embodiments, as shown, the force application unit comprises a telescopic member comprising a support 8, a lower rotation shaft 9, a servo motor 10, a telescopic rod 11 and an upper rotation shaft 13; the upper rotating shaft 13 is fixed on the rock mass unit 12 and hinged with the rock mass unit 12; the two ends of the telescopic rod 11 are respectively connected with the upper rotating shaft 13 and the upper part of the servo motor 10, and the lower part of the servo motor 10 is connected with the lower rotating shaft 9; the lower rotating shaft 9 is hinged on the support 8, and the support 8 is arranged at the bottom 6 of the similar simulation test platform. In a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 2a, two telescopic members are mounted on each rock mass unit 12, and the mounting positions of the two telescopic members are symmetrically distributed along the center line of the rock mass unit 12. When the device is realized, the lower rotating shaft 9 can rotate around the support 8, the telescopic rods 11 can push the rock block units 12 up and down along the direction vertical to the bottom 6 of the similar simulation test bed, and when different telescopic rods 11 apply different forces, on the basis, the edge line of the rock block units 12 is of a round corner structure, so that the rotary dislocation between the adjacent rock block units 12 is convenient, the overlying rock movement in the coal mining process is simulated in a manner of sinking and rotating a key layer block, and further the overlying broken rock block in the field coal mining is simulated.
Preferably, in the dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation in some embodiments, the force applying unit further includes a rotation shaft locking part 7, and both ends of the lower rotation shaft 9 are equipped with first gears; a second gear is arranged inside the rotation shaft locking part 7; after the rotation shaft locking member 7 is mounted, the first gear and the second gear are engaged with each other to prevent the rotation of the telescopic member. That is, after the rock mass unit 12 moves to the fixed position, the telescopic device is fixed by adopting the rotating shaft locking part 7 to fix the cover rock movement mode, at this time, only the rotating shaft locking part 7 is required to be installed, the inner gear and the outer gear are meshed with each other, and the telescopic part cannot rotate; when the rotation shaft locking member 7 is not mounted, the telescopic member is rotatably movable along the lower rotation shaft 9.
In some embodiments, the rock-to-soil body contact surface simulation system 4 includes a abrasive cloth material 14, the abrasive cloth material 14 being laid down on the surface of the rock mass unit 12. The abrasive cloth material 14 has certain roughness and high ductility, is used for simulating the roughness degree and the horizontal acting force of the contact surface of the rock-soil body, and can effectively prevent loose layer sand from leaking down.
In the above scheme, the loose layer simulation system 2 is formed by mixing organic glass particles with different particle sizes and weak binders, and the specific mixing proportion can be set according to the actual situation of the site to be simulated.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a dynamic overlying strata movement simulation method based on rock mass rotation, which is shown in fig. 6 and comprises the following steps:
a. Acquiring rock-soil layer mechanical parameters and actual occurrence information of the rock-soil layer, calculating load values of each overburden layer in the rock-soil layer by layer based on a combined beam principle and a key layer theory, calculating limit spans of the overburden layer under the load, and acquiring limit spans, movement modes and sinking values of an upper key layer; and combining the similarity three theorem to determine each similarity constant of the simulation device. In this step, the limit span can be calculated by the following formula:
Wherein h is the thickness of the rock stratum, R T is the tensile strength of the rock stratum, q is the load born by the rock stratum, and the limit span, the movement mode and the sinking value of the upper key layer are obtained according to the calculation process; and determining each similarity constant by combining the similarity three theorem, wherein each similarity constant comprises a geometric similarity constant alpha and a physical similarity constant, alpha=L Z/LM, wherein L Z is the limit span of an upper key layer, and L M is the rock block unit width of a similarity simulation platform.
B. loose layer similarity simulation parameters determination: and determining the proportion of the organic glass particles, the water and the binder according to the mechanical test measurement result of the field loose layer soil and combining the geometric similarity constant and the physical similarity constant.
C. and (3) determining the roughness parameters of the contact surface of the rock and soil body: and determining the roughness of the abrasive cloth of the rock-soil body contact surface according to the lithology of the rock-soil body contact surface base rock stratum and the loose layer.
D. And (3) building a similarity simulation system: and arranging abrasive cloth with certain roughness on the surface of a rock unit of the rock rotary simulation system of the similar simulation test platform, paving loose layers of similar simulation materials layer by layer on the upper part of the abrasive cloth, and dip-dyeing different colors on each layer of materials. Different layers of materials have different colors, so that the motion condition of each layer of material can be observed conveniently.
E. Installing a real-time monitoring system: d, installing a stress sensor at a preset position when the similarity simulation system is built in the step; installing a camera right in front of the similarity simulation test platform; and installing a three-dimensional laser scanner right above the simulation test platform.
F. Rock mass rotation simulation: sequentially controlling the telescopic device to control the rock block units to rotate, sink and rotate so as to simulate the overburden rock movement caused by coal exploitation; after the rock mass unit moves to a fixed position, the telescopic device is fixed by adopting the rotating shaft locking device so as to fix the overlying strata movement mode.
G. And (3) monitoring result acquisition: monitoring the migration and crushing process of similar materials of a loose layer in the rock rotation process, collecting data obtained by a real-time monitoring system, and analyzing internal stress of the loose layer in the stoping process according to stress sensor data obtained by a test; according to image data of a camera arranged right in front of a simulation test platform, analyzing different result states and displacement paths of a loose layer before and after the rotary movement of a overburden by using an image graying processing method; and analyzing the width, depth and opening and closing rules of the cracks on the model surface according to the image data of the three-dimensional laser scanner arranged right above the simulation test platform.
The scheme can simulate the influence law of overburden movement (sinking and turning of key layer blocks) on loose layer damage and earth surface crack evolution characteristics to the greatest extent in the coal mining process through laboratory reduction, is easy to carry out real-time visual monitoring on migration damage conditions of the loose layer and earth surface cracks under the influence of overburden movement, is convenient to study inoculation and self-repairing law of dynamic cracks under the conditions of different loose layer thicknesses, loose layer mechanical properties, rock-soil body contact surface roughness, overburden step sinking height, overburden turning angles and the like, reveals a coal mining subsidence area dynamic crack self-repairing mechanism, and provides scientific basis for ecological restoration and treatment of a sand deposit mining area.
The scheme provided by the invention is applied to similar simulation research, and the research mode is a very important means in the research of the field of modern mining engineering. The method is an important scientific research means for simulating a substitution engineering field prototype according to a certain geometrical and physical relationship based on the law of similarity three. At present, the coal exploitation similar simulation has a plurality of defects, the traditional similar simulation researches the migration rule of the overburden rock by simulating the coal seam excavation, the hinging action and the rotation movement between the overburden rock bodies cannot be well simulated, the traditional similar simulation generally simplifies the loose layer into uniform load, and few people pay attention to the loose layer damage and the earth surface fracture evolution rule caused by the movement of the bedrock layer. The simulation device and the test method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise a visual frame system, a rock rotation simulation system, a rock-soil body contact surface simulation system, a loose layer similarity simulation system and a real-time monitoring system. A rock block rotation simulation system is arranged at the bottom of the model frame, each rock block is controlled by two telescopic rods, and the actions of the different telescopic rods in the vertical direction or the rotation direction can be controlled by controlling the actions of the servo motors on the different telescopic rods, so that the rock blocks are driven to realize rotation sinking, step sinking, rotation movement and the like; the rotation shaft locking device locks the movement state of the rock mass by fixing the rotation angle of the telescopic rod. After the position of the rock mass changes, the loose layer paved above the rock mass can possibly move, cracks and the like finally appear, the relation between the change of the loose layer and the movement of the rock mass can be determined by monitoring the change process, and the movement mode of the rock mass can correspond to the movement of the rock stratum in the coal mining process, so that the corresponding relation between the movement of the overlying strata and the surface cracks in the actual coal mining process can be obtained through the movement relation between the loose layer and the rock mass obtained in the simulation test. The loose layer materials, rock mass materials and the like can be correspondingly adjusted with the detected site conditions in the actual mining environment. In the test method, the roughness degree of a rock-soil contact surface is simulated by paving an abrasive cloth material on the upper surface of a rock block; and impregnating similar simulation materials with different colors, laying simulated loose layers in layers, and realizing visual monitoring of the movement of the medium of the loose layers. The device and the test method can simulate the inoculation and self-repairing rules of dynamic cracks under the conditions of different loose layer thicknesses, loose layer mechanical properties, rock-soil body contact surface roughness, overlying rock step sinking height, overlying rock rotation angles and the like.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While obvious variations or modifications are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation, comprising:
the visual frame system comprises a similar simulation test platform and a model box body arranged on the periphery of the similar simulation test platform, wherein the model box body is provided with a transparent plate;
the rock mass rotation simulation system is arranged on the similar simulation test platform and comprises a plurality of rock mass units and a force application unit connected between the bottom of the similar simulation test platform and each rock mass unit;
The rock-soil body contact surface simulation system is arranged on the rock block unit;
The loose layer similarity simulation system is arranged on the rock-soil body contact surface simulation system and is in contact with the rock-soil body contact surface simulation system;
The real-time monitoring system is used for monitoring the loose layer similarity simulation system, the rock-soil body contact surface simulation system and the similarity simulation test platform; after the force application unit is started, applying pressure in different directions to the rock block units, rotating and dislocating between adjacent rock block units under the action of the pressure, and simulating the scene of overlying broken rock blocks in the on-site coal exploitation; the real-time monitoring system acquires monitoring results in real time, and obtains analysis results of internal stress of a loose layer, analysis results of different result states and displacement paths before and after the rotary movement of the overburden and analysis results of surface crack width, depth and opening and closing rules according to the monitoring results;
the force application unit comprises a telescopic component: the telescopic component comprises an upper rotating shaft, a telescopic rod, a lower rotating shaft, a servo motor and a support; the upper rotating shaft is fixed on the rock block unit and hinged with the rock block unit; the two ends of the telescopic rod are respectively connected with the upper rotating shaft and the upper part of the servo motor, and the lower part of the servo motor is connected with the lower rotating shaft; the lower rotating shaft is hinged to the support, and the support is arranged at the bottom of the similar simulation test platform;
each rock block unit is provided with two telescopic parts, and the installation positions of the two telescopic parts are symmetrically distributed along the central line of the rock block unit.
2. The dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation according to claim 1, wherein:
The real-time monitoring system comprises a stress sensor pre-buried in the loose layer similarity simulation system, a three-dimensional laser scanner arranged above the similarity simulation test platform, and a camera arranged right in front of the similarity simulation test platform; the real-time monitoring system acquires detection data of the stress sensor, the three-dimensional laser scanner and the camera in real time, obtains an analysis result of internal stress of the loose layer in the stoping process according to the detection data of the stress sensor, obtains analysis results of different result states and displacement paths of the loose layer before and after the overlying strata rotary motion according to the detection data of the camera, and obtains analysis results of surface crack width, depth and opening and closing rules according to the detection result of the three-dimensional laser scanner.
3. The dynamic cover rock movement simulation device based on rock mass revolution according to claim 1, wherein the force application unit further comprises a rotation shaft locking part:
The two ends of the lower rotating shaft are provided with first gears; a second gear is arranged in the rotating shaft locking component; after the rotation shaft locking member is mounted, the first gear and the second gear are engaged with each other to prevent the rotation of the telescopic member.
4. The dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation according to claim 1, wherein:
The rock-soil body contact surface simulation system comprises a sand cloth material, and the sand cloth material is paved on the surface of the rock block unit.
5. The dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation according to claim 1, wherein:
The loose layer similarity simulation system is formed by mixing organic glass particles with different particle sizes with a weak binder.
6. The dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation according to claim 1, wherein:
the rock mass unit is of a cuboid structure, and the edge of the cuboid structure is formed into a round corner structure.
7. The dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation according to claim 1, wherein:
The simulation test platform is made of rigid alloy materials, the model box body is of a cuboid structure, the baffles in the first direction of the model box body are transparent organic glass plates, and the baffles in the second direction of the model box body are rigid alloy plates.
8. A method for a dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device based on rock mass rotation according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
a. Acquiring rock-soil layer mechanical parameters and actual occurrence information of the rock-soil layer, calculating load values of each overburden layer in the rock-soil layer by layer based on a combined beam principle and a key layer theory, calculating limit spans of the overburden layer under the load, and acquiring limit spans, movement modes and sinking values of an upper key layer; determining each similarity constant of the simulation device by combining the similarity three theorem;
b. loose layer similarity simulation parameters determination: according to the mechanical test measurement result of the field loose layer soil, combining the geometric similarity constant and the physical similarity constant, and determining the proportion of the organic glass particles, water and the binder;
c. and (3) determining the roughness parameters of the contact surface of the rock and soil body: determining the roughness of the abrasive cloth of the rock-soil body contact surface according to the lithology of the rock-soil body contact surface base rock stratum and the loose layer;
d. and (3) building a similarity simulation system: arranging abrasive cloth with certain roughness on the surface of a rock unit of a rock rotary simulation system of a similar simulation test platform, paving loose layers of similar simulation materials layer by layer on the upper part of the abrasive cloth, and dip-dyeing different colors on each layer of materials;
e. Installing a real-time monitoring system: d, installing a stress sensor at a preset position when the similarity simulation system is built in the step; installing a camera right in front of the similarity simulation test platform; installing a three-dimensional laser scanner right above the simulation test platform;
f. rock mass rotation simulation: sequentially controlling the telescopic device to control the rock block units to rotate, sink and rotate so as to simulate the overburden rock movement caused by coal exploitation; after the rock mass unit moves to a fixed position, a rotating shaft locking device is adopted to fix the telescopic device so as to fix the movement mode of the overlying strata;
g. And (3) monitoring result acquisition: monitoring the migration and crushing process of similar materials of a loose layer in the rock rotation process, collecting data obtained by a real-time monitoring system, and analyzing internal stress of the loose layer in the stoping process according to stress sensor data obtained by a test; according to image data of a camera arranged right in front of a simulation test platform, analyzing different result states and displacement paths of a loose layer before and after the rotary movement of a overburden by using an image graying processing method; and analyzing the width, depth and opening and closing rules of the cracks on the model surface according to the image data of the three-dimensional laser scanner arranged right above the simulation test platform.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111416462.8A CN114152729B (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device and method based on rock mass rotation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111416462.8A CN114152729B (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device and method based on rock mass rotation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114152729A CN114152729A (en) | 2022-03-08 |
| CN114152729B true CN114152729B (en) | 2024-04-23 |
Family
ID=80457768
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111416462.8A Active CN114152729B (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device and method based on rock mass rotation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114152729B (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109917108A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-21 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of three-dimensional similar material model experiment device and method for simulating seam mining |
| WO2019148921A1 (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-08 | 山东科技大学 | Three-dimensional simulation testing device and testing method for surface movement resulting from underground coal mining |
| CN110596342A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-12-20 | 太原理工大学 | Similar simulation test device and method for modular caving coal mining |
| CN111208010A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-05-29 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Test method for simulating top plate rock stratum rotary fracture |
| CN111208009A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-29 | 太原理工大学 | Method for testing stress distribution form of contact surface of key block of masonry beam |
| CN111239369A (en) * | 2020-02-16 | 2020-06-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Tunnel surrounding rock response device and method under dynamic load of hinged rock beam |
| CN113008683A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-22 | 山东科技大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating mining non-uniform loading |
-
2021
- 2021-11-25 CN CN202111416462.8A patent/CN114152729B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019148921A1 (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-08 | 山东科技大学 | Three-dimensional simulation testing device and testing method for surface movement resulting from underground coal mining |
| CN109917108A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-21 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of three-dimensional similar material model experiment device and method for simulating seam mining |
| CN110596342A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-12-20 | 太原理工大学 | Similar simulation test device and method for modular caving coal mining |
| CN111208009A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-29 | 太原理工大学 | Method for testing stress distribution form of contact surface of key block of masonry beam |
| CN111239369A (en) * | 2020-02-16 | 2020-06-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Tunnel surrounding rock response device and method under dynamic load of hinged rock beam |
| CN111208010A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-05-29 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Test method for simulating top plate rock stratum rotary fracture |
| CN113008683A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-22 | 山东科技大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating mining non-uniform loading |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 厚松散层薄基岩开采覆岩移动变形及离层裂隙演化规律研究;郭龙辉;中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技I辑(第7期);B021-87，正文第11-62页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114152729A (en) | 2022-03-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110954676B (en) | Visual test device for simulating shield tunneling existing tunnel construction | |
| Brown et al. | ICE Manual of Geotechnical Engineering, Volume II: Geotechnical design, construction and verification | |
| Zornberg et al. | Strain distribution within geosynthetic-reinforced slopes | |
| Lam | Ground movements due to excavation in clay: physical and analytical models | |
| Viswanadham et al. | Centrifuge modeling of geotextile-reinforced slopes subjected to differential settlements | |
| CN107179396A (en) | Multifunctional built-up formula Geotechnical Engineering physics similar test system | |
| CN114386290B (en) | Method for five-dimensional space effect test system for earth surface subsidence caused by double-mode shield construction | |
| Grant | Movements around a tunnel in two-layer ground | |
| CN116296191A (en) | Test device for simulating whole process movement of collapse rock under earthquake action | |
| CN108593880A (en) | Automatic test device and method for the test of mining surface movement | |
| CN114152729B (en) | Dynamic overburden rock movement simulation device and method based on rock mass rotation | |
| Janabi et al. | Strain influence diagrams for settlement estimation of square footings on layered sand | |
| Greif et al. | Failure mechanism in an extremely slow rock slide at Bitchu-Matsuyama castle site (Japan) | |
| CN109680735A (en) | The outer soil body model test apparatus that deformation rule is probed under excavation of foundation pit of stake and hole | |
| Aguilar et al. | Structural damage assessment of Huaca de la Luna, Perú: preliminary results from ongoing multidisciplinary study | |
| Viswanadham et al. | Influence of geogrid layer on the integrity of compacted clay liners of landfills | |
| Chouhan et al. | A Review on Digital Image Correlation in Experimental Geotechnics | |
| CN116296190A (en) | Test method for simulating full-process movement of collapse rock under earthquake action by same device | |
| CN116892992A (en) | Investigation method for accurately measuring and calculating mine landslide volume | |
| Shibuya et al. | Recent developments in deformation and strength testing of geomaterials | |
| Shafikani et al. | Performance evaluation of a bridge infrastructure using terrestrial laser scanning technology | |
| CN220064047U (en) | Tunnel and slope stability analysis physical model system | |
| Ozkahriman | Physical and numerical dynamic response modeling of slopes and embankments | |
| Sopacı | Geotechnical characterization and rock mass classification of the Antalya karstic rock masses | |
| Haack et al. | Report to ITA working group on maintenance and repair of underground structures: State-of-the-art of non-destructive testing methods for determining the state of a tunnel lining |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |