CN114148057A - 一种抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种抗菌水刺无纺布，包括疏水无纺布层和亲水无纺布层，疏水无纺布层与亲水无纺布层之间具有抗菌微珠，抗菌微珠由硅胶球在制备时混合抗菌剂经干燥后制得，疏水无纺布层上具有用于固定抗菌微珠的粘胶网层，制备方法是先成型亲水无纺布层和疏水无纺布层，随后用热熔胶短纤在热熔之后将抗菌微珠预固定，并最终采用水刺工艺连接亲水无纺布层和疏水无纺布层，本发明通过在亲水无纺布层与疏水无纺布层之间增加抗菌微珠，利用硅胶的吸水性，能够达到液体吸附储水的效果，同时依靠抗菌剂对液体进行杀菌，由此使得无纺布具备吸水杀菌性能，而且吸湿保湿效果显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明公开一种抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法，属于无纺布技术领域。
背景技术
无纺布又称不织布，具有防潮、透气、柔韧、质轻、不助燃、容易分解、价格低廉、可再生利用的特点，被广泛地应用于壁纸、手提袋、医疗卫生、建筑装饰、服装、汽车内部装饰等领域。无纺布由于其加工特点及产品成本等方面的原因，长期以来多采用合成纤维为原料，造成产品一般都具有较高的拒水性，亲水性能差，可通过物理或化学的方法对无纺布的亲水性能进行改善，主要有原丝改性、表面接枝改性、亲水整理等。其中亲水整理由于其具有方法简便、成本低廉和经济效益显著等特点，而成为应用最为普遍的一种方法。
现有的无纺布为了具备吸水抗菌性能，通常采用亲水纤维浸渍抗菌液，然后干燥使得抗菌剂粘附在亲水纤维上，当液体污染物被亲水纤维吸收之后从而达到抗菌效果，但由于亲水纤维的吸水量十分有限，尤其是在无纺布具有高低差时，例如制作纸尿裤，亲水纤维吸水后在重力的作用下会集聚在最低点，一旦底部吸水量饱和之后，其余位置吸水受到限制而导致液体流出，从而发生侧漏的情况。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了解决现有技术中的问题，而提供一种抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法。
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现上述目的，一种抗菌水刺无纺布，包括疏水无纺布层和亲水无纺布层，所述疏水无纺布层与亲水无纺布层之间具有抗菌微珠，所述抗菌微珠由硅胶球在制备时混合抗菌剂经干燥后制得，所述疏水无纺布层上具有用于固定抗菌微珠的粘胶网层。
优选的，所述疏水无纺布层由60-70％的丙纶纤维和30-40％的乙纶纤维制成，所述亲水无纺布层由棉纤维制成。
优选的，所述硅胶球由微粉硅胶、羟基含氢硅油、乙烯基铂络合物混合发泡制得。
一种抗菌水刺无纺布制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：以棉纤维经平铺成网制得亲水无纺布层，以丙纶纤维和乙纶纤维的原料通过熔融挤出纺丝混合成网制得疏水无纺布层；
S2：将微粉硅胶加入至羟基含氢硅油中，利用超声分散均匀得到硅胶混合液，将乙烯基铂络合物加入硅胶混合液中进行发泡，并同时滴加抗菌剂，随后滤出固体产物置于真空的环境中干燥制得抗菌微珠；
S3：将亲水无纺布层和疏水无纺布层通过两个放卷辊进行水平放卷，利用两个热压辊与两个引导辊配合使亲水无纺布层和疏水无纺布层在进入两个热压辊之前呈V字形，同时在疏水无纺布层面向亲水无纺布层的一面上均匀铺洒热熔胶短纤，并经热熔装置热熔处理使热熔胶短纤在进入两个热压辊之前熔化形成熔胶网层；
S4：通过辊轴将料斗中的抗菌微珠依次导出，并依靠垂直下落掉至熔胶网层上，随后利用两个热压辊将亲水无纺布层和疏水无纺布层热压而使抗菌微珠进行预固定，熔胶网层冷却后形成粘胶网层；
S5：待热压冷却后利用水刺工艺对亲水无纺布层和疏水无纺布层同时进行水刺工艺处理，两者中的纤维相互缠结再经干燥制得抗菌水刺无纺布。
优选的，在步骤S2中，抗菌剂是由淀粉-丙烯腈接技共聚物与硝酸银溶液混合制成。
优选的，所述热熔装置距离热熔胶短纤3-5cm，对其热熔的温度为90-100℃。
优选的，在步骤S4中两个热压辊的热压温度为110-120℃，并且热压后保持疏水无纺布层紧贴其中一个热压辊、疏水无纺布层在上而亲水无纺布层在下的方式输送。
优选的，所述疏水无纺布层紧贴其中一个热压辊的长度大于热压辊四分之一弧长。
优选的，所述辊轴与热压辊的表面均密布有波点槽，且热压辊的内侧导入有热油。
优选的，所述水刺工艺中水柱直径为0.4-0.6um，水压为35-45Mpa，温度为30-35℃。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
其一，通过在亲水无纺布层与疏水无纺布层之间增加抗菌微珠，利用硅胶的吸水性，能够达到液体吸附储水的效果，同时依靠抗菌剂对液体进行杀菌，由此使得无纺布具备吸水杀菌性能，并且抗菌微珠均匀分布，其被粘胶网层限制不会移动，单个抗菌微珠的吸湿效果互不影响，共同作用使得液体从无纺布的一端流动到另一端会被依次吸附，从而不会形成液体聚集以及无纺布结团的情况，适合制作卫生用品的辅料。
其二，微粉硅胶的孔容大，其粉末颗粒在发泡形成硅胶之后，颗粒之间会形成更大的间隙，并且淀粉-丙烯腈接技共聚物先吸附银离子之后填充至间隙当中，不会发生银离子稀释的情况，使得抗菌微球具有超强的吸湿能力和抗菌效果，而且其在受压的过程中不会出现渗出的情况，能够大大增强无纺布吸湿保湿能力。
其三，无纺布在制备过程中，利用热熔胶短纤在升温熔化之后形成熔胶网层，抗菌微珠经辊轴连续送料而掉落至熔胶网层上实现预固定，不会发生飞溅或错位的情况，避免出现分布不均匀，熔胶网层冷却之后不会对亲水无纺布和抗菌微珠的吸湿产生阻碍作用，并且由此保证无纺布吸湿的一致性，同时两个热压辊对亲水无纺布层和疏水无纺布层热压，两者不相熔而热熔胶短纤在高温熔化并进入两者的内部，尤其是熔胶网层在热熔之后以平面向下的方式覆盖抗菌微珠，从而使亲水无纺布层与疏水无纺布层很好的交熔在一起，并将抗菌微珠锁住，再经水刺工艺进行夯实增强，整个工艺可以实现连续生产，实用简单。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种抗菌水刺无纺布的结构示意图；
图2为本发明一种抗菌水刺无纺布制备方法的局部工艺结构图；
附图标记：1、粘胶网层；2、疏水无纺布层；3、抗菌微珠；4、亲水无纺布层；5、放卷辊；6、引导辊；7、热熔装置；8、料斗；9、辊轴；10、热压辊。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例对技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
如图1所示，一种抗菌水刺无纺布，包括疏水无纺布层2和亲水无纺布层4，其中疏水无纺布层2由60％的丙纶纤维和40％的乙纶纤维制成，而亲水无纺布层4由棉纤维制成，同时疏水无纺布层2与亲水无纺布层4之间具有抗菌微珠3，抗菌微珠3由硅胶球在制备时混合抗菌剂经干燥后制得，疏水无纺布层2上具有用于固定抗菌微珠3的粘胶网层1。
如图2所示，一种抗菌水刺无纺布制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：以棉纤维经平铺成网制得亲水无纺布层4，以丙纶纤维和乙纶纤维的原料通过熔融挤出纺丝混合成网制得疏水无纺布层2；
S2：将微粉硅胶加入至羟基含氢硅油中，利用超声分散均匀得到硅胶混合液，将乙烯基铂络合物加入硅胶混合液中进行发泡，并同时滴加由淀粉-丙烯腈接技共聚物与硝酸银溶液混合制成的抗菌剂，随后滤出固体产物置于真空的环境中干燥制得抗菌微珠3；
S3：将亲水无纺布层4和疏水无纺布层2通过两个放卷辊5进行水平放卷，利用两个热压辊10与两个引导辊6配合使亲水无纺布层4和疏水无纺布层2在进入两个热压辊10之前呈V字形，同时在疏水无纺布层2面向亲水无纺布层4的一面上均匀铺洒热熔胶短纤，控制热熔装置7距离热熔胶短纤5cm，对其热熔的温度为100℃，使得热熔胶短纤在进入两个热压辊10之前熔化形成熔胶网层；
S4：通过辊轴9上的波点槽将料斗8中的抗菌微珠3依次导出，并依靠垂直下落掉至熔胶网层上，随后利用两个通入热油之后温度在120℃的热压辊10将亲水无纺布层4和疏水无纺布层2热压而使抗菌微珠3进行预固定，熔胶网层冷却后形成粘胶网层1；
S5：待热压冷却后利用水刺工艺对亲水无纺布层4和疏水无纺布层2同时进行水刺工艺处理，水刺工艺中水柱直径为0.6um，水压为40Mpa，温度为30℃，两者中的纤维相互缠结再经干燥制得抗菌水刺无纺布。
实施例2
如图1所示，一种抗菌水刺无纺布，包括疏水无纺布层2和亲水无纺布层4，其中疏水无纺布层2由70％的丙纶纤维和30％的乙纶纤维制成，而亲水无纺布层4由棉纤维制成，同时疏水无纺布层2与亲水无纺布层4之间具有抗菌微珠3，抗菌微珠3由硅胶球在制备时混合抗菌剂经干燥后制得，疏水无纺布层2上具有用于固定抗菌微珠3的粘胶网层1。
如图2所示，一种抗菌水刺无纺布制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：以棉纤维经平铺成网制得亲水无纺布层4，以丙纶纤维和乙纶纤维的原料通过熔融挤出纺丝混合成网制得疏水无纺布层2；
S2：将微粉硅胶加入至羟基含氢硅油中，利用超声分散均匀得到硅胶混合液，将乙烯基铂络合物加入硅胶混合液中进行发泡，并同时滴加由淀粉-丙烯腈接技共聚物与硝酸银溶液混合制成的抗菌剂，随后滤出固体产物置于真空的环境中干燥制得抗菌微珠3；
S3：将亲水无纺布层4和疏水无纺布层2通过两个放卷辊5进行水平放卷，利用两个热压辊10与两个引导辊6配合使亲水无纺布层4和疏水无纺布层2在进入两个热压辊10之前呈V字形，同时在疏水无纺布层2面向亲水无纺布层4的一面上均匀铺洒热熔胶短纤，控制热熔装置7距离热熔胶短纤3cm，对其热熔的温度为95℃，使得热熔胶短纤在进入两个热压辊10之前熔化形成熔胶网层；
S4：通过辊轴9上的波点槽将料斗8中的抗菌微珠3依次导出，并依靠垂直下落掉至熔胶网层上，随后利用两个通入热油之后温度在110℃的热压辊10将亲水无纺布层4和疏水无纺布层2热压而使抗菌微珠3进行预固定，热压后保持疏水无纺布层2紧贴其中一个热压辊10、疏水无纺布层2在上而亲水无纺布层4在下的方式输送，疏水无纺布层2紧贴其中一个热压辊10的长度大于热压辊10四分之一弧长，熔胶网层冷却后形成粘胶网层1；
S5：待热压冷却后利用水刺工艺对亲水无纺布层4和疏水无纺布层2同时进行水刺工艺处理，水刺工艺中水柱直径为0.4um，水压为45Mpa，温度为35℃，两者中的纤维相互缠结再经干燥制得抗菌水刺无纺布。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (10)
1.一种抗菌水刺无纺布，包括疏水无纺布层(2)和亲水无纺布层(4)，其特征在于，所述疏水无纺布层(2)与亲水无纺布层(4)之间具有抗菌微珠(3)，所述抗菌微珠(3)由硅胶球在制备时混合抗菌剂经干燥后制得，所述疏水无纺布层(2)上具有用于固定抗菌微珠(3)的粘胶网层(1)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌水刺无纺布，其特征在于，所述疏水无纺布层(2)由60-70％的丙纶纤维和30-40％的乙纶纤维制成，所述亲水无纺布层(4)由棉纤维制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌水刺无纺布，其特征在于,所述硅胶球由微粉硅胶、羟基含氢硅油、乙烯基铂络合物混合发泡制得。
4.一种抗菌水刺无纺布制备方法，其特征在于,包括以下步骤：
S1：以棉纤维经平铺成网制得亲水无纺布层(4)，以丙纶纤维和乙纶纤维的原料通过熔融挤出纺丝混合成网制得疏水无纺布层(2)；
S2：将微粉硅胶加入至羟基含氢硅油中，利用超声分散均匀得到硅胶混合液，将乙烯基铂络合物加入硅胶混合液中进行发泡，并同时滴加抗菌剂，随后滤出固体产物置于真空的环境中干燥制得抗菌微珠(3)；
S3：将亲水无纺布层(4)和疏水无纺布层(2)通过两个放卷辊(5)进行水平放卷，利用两个热压辊(10)与两个引导辊(6)配合使亲水无纺布层(4)和疏水无纺布层(2)在进入两个热压辊(10)之前呈V字形，同时在疏水无纺布层(2)面向亲水无纺布层(4)的一面上均匀铺洒热熔胶短纤，并经热熔装置(7)热熔处理使热熔胶短纤在进入两个热压辊(10)之前熔化形成熔胶网层；
S4：通过辊轴(9)将料斗(8)中的抗菌微珠(3)依次导出，并依靠垂直下落掉至熔胶网层上，随后利用两个热压辊(10)将亲水无纺布层(4)和疏水无纺布层(2)热压而使抗菌微珠(3)进行预固定，熔胶网层冷却后形成粘胶网层(1)；
S5：待热压冷却后利用水刺工艺对亲水无纺布层(4)和疏水无纺布层(2)同时进行水刺工艺处理，两者中的纤维相互缠结再经干燥制得抗菌水刺无纺布。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种抗菌水刺无纺布制备方法，其特征在于，在步骤S2中，抗菌剂是由淀粉-丙烯腈接技共聚物与硝酸银溶液混合制成。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种抗菌水刺无纺布制备方法，其特征在于，所述热熔装置(7)距离热熔胶短纤3-5cm，对其热熔的温度为90-100℃。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种抗菌水刺无纺布制备方法，其特征在于，在步骤S4中两个热压辊(10)的热压温度为110-120℃，并且热压后保持疏水无纺布层(2)紧贴其中一个热压辊(10)、疏水无纺布层(2)在上而亲水无纺布层(4)在下的方式输送。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种抗菌水刺无纺布制备方法，其特征在于，所述疏水无纺布层(2)紧贴其中一个热压辊(10)的长度大于热压辊(10)四分之一弧长。
9.根据权利要求4所述的一种抗菌水刺无纺布制备方法，其特征在于，所述辊轴(9)与热压辊(10)的表面均密布有波点槽，且热压辊(10)的内侧导入有热油。
10.根据权利要求4所述的一种抗菌水刺无纺布制备方法，其特征在于，所述水刺工艺中水柱直径为0.4-0.6um，水压为35-45Mpa，温度为30-35℃。
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