CN114142585B - Charging device and charging method - Google Patents
Charging device and charging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114142585B CN114142585B CN202010913220.9A CN202010913220A CN114142585B CN 114142585 B CN114142585 B CN 114142585B CN 202010913220 A CN202010913220 A CN 202010913220A CN 114142585 B CN114142585 B CN 114142585B
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 330
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0036—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
- H02J7/0045—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
A charging device and a charging method, the device includes: a photovoltaic interface of a photovoltaic panel is accessed; an output interface of the battery pack is accessed; the filter is electrically connected with the photovoltaic interface and is used for carrying out anti-interference processing on the accessed electric energy signal so as to output a filtering signal; the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the filter and outputs the charging voltage of the adaptive battery pack to charge the adaptive battery pack; the first charging circuit is connected with the voltage conversion circuit and charges the battery pack with electric energy in a first charging mode; the second charging circuit is connected with the voltage conversion circuit and charges the battery pack with electric energy in a second charging mode; the detection module detects electric parameters related to the battery pack in real time; the controller can acquire the electric parameters of the battery pack; when the electric parameter is greater than or equal to a parameter threshold, outputting a first control signal to a first charging circuit to charge the battery pack in a first charging mode; and when the electric parameter of the battery pack is smaller than the parameter threshold value, outputting a second control signal to a second charging circuit to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a charging device, in particular to a charging device and a charging method for photovoltaic charging of a battery pack.
Background
With the development of battery technology, the power supply requirements of the electric tool in different application scenes are met. A rechargeable battery pack (e.g., a lithium battery pack) provides power to the power tool when operating outdoors or in other situations where direct ac power is inconvenient, based on the stored power.
However, when working outdoors or traveling, the electric energy stored in the battery pack cannot meet the long-term use requirement, and once the stored electric energy is exhausted, the electric energy cannot be continuously supplied.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a charging device capable of continuously supplying power.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a charging device, comprising: the photovoltaic interface is used for accessing a photovoltaic panel; the output interface is used for accessing the battery pack; the filter is electrically connected with the photovoltaic interface and is used for carrying out anti-interference processing on the electric energy signal accessed by the photovoltaic interface so as to output a filtering signal; the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the filter and used for outputting and adapting the charging voltage of the battery pack to charge the battery pack; the first charging circuit is connected with the voltage conversion circuit and is used for enabling the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a first charging mode; the second charging circuit is connected with the voltage conversion circuit and is used for enabling the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode; the detection module is used for detecting electric parameters related to the battery pack in real time; a controller configured to: acquiring an electrical parameter of the battery pack; when the electric parameter of the battery pack is larger than or equal to a parameter threshold value, the controller outputs a first control signal to the first charging circuit so that the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface charges the battery pack in a first charging mode; and when the electric parameter of the battery pack is smaller than the parameter threshold value, the controller outputs a second control signal to the second charging circuit so that the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface charges the battery pack in a second charging mode.
Further, the electric parameter related to the battery pack is one or a combination of electric quantity, voltage, charging current or power of the battery pack.
Further, the electrical parameter associated with the battery pack is a charging current of the battery pack.
Further, the first charging mode is a standard charging mode; the second charging mode is a maximum power point tracking charging mode.
Further, the controller is further configured to: acquiring the electric quantity of the battery pack; and when the electric quantity of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to an electric quantity threshold value, outputting a third control signal to the second charging circuit so as to enable the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a pre-charging mode.
Further, the controller is further configured to: acquiring the charging power of the battery pack; when the charging power of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to a power threshold value, outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit so as to enable the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode; when the charging power of the battery pack is larger than the power threshold value, acquiring the charging current of the battery pack; when the charging current of the battery pack is smaller than a current threshold value, outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit so that the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface charges the battery pack in a second charging mode; when the charging current of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the current threshold, a first control signal is output to the first charging circuit so that the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface charges the battery pack in a first charging mode.
Further, the first charging circuit includes: the first input interface is used for accessing the controller and acquiring the first control signal sent by the controller; the second input interface is used for accessing the detection module and acquiring the charging current of the battery pack sent by the detection module; a first signal processing circuit for generating a first charging signal; the first output interface is used for outputting the first charging signal; and the first semiconductor switch is used for controlling the on-off state of the first charging circuit according to the state of the first charging signal.
Further, the second charging circuit includes: the third input interface is used for accessing the controller and acquiring the second control signal sent by the controller; a fourth input interface, configured to access the detection module, and obtain a charging voltage of the battery pack sent by the detection module; a second signal processing circuit for generating a second charging signal; the second output interface is used for outputting the second charging signal; and the second semiconductor switch is used for controlling the on-off state of the second charging circuit according to the state of the second charging signal.
Further, the detection module is further used for detecting the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel in real time; the controller is further configured to: obtaining the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel; when the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel is smaller than a voltage threshold value, acquiring a first moment when the output voltage is reduced to the voltage threshold value; taking the first moment as a timing starting point, and acquiring a maintenance duration of the charging voltage which is maintained to be smaller than the voltage threshold; outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit to enable the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode when the maintenance time length is greater than or equal to a time length threshold value; when the maintenance duration is smaller than the duration threshold and the battery pack is in a first charging mode, outputting a first control signal to the first charging circuit so that the electric energy released by the electrolytic capacitor maintains the first charging mode to charge the battery pack; and when the maintaining time is smaller than the time threshold and the battery pack is in the second charging mode, outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit so as to enable the electric energy released by the electrolytic capacitor to maintain the second charging mode to charge the battery pack.
A charging method suitable for photovoltaic charging of a battery pack, comprising: acquiring the charging current of the battery pack; outputting a first control signal to charge the battery pack in a first charging mode when the charging current of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a current threshold; and outputting a second control signal to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode when the charging current of the battery pack is smaller than the current threshold.
The invention has the advantages that: provided is a charging device capable of continuously supplying electric power.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a charging device as an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a circuit block diagram of a charging device as one embodiment;
fig. 3 is a circuit block diagram of a charging device as one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a hardware circuit diagram of a charging device as one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a photovoltaic charged PV graph as one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of a method for battery pack photovoltaic charging, as one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of a method for battery pack photovoltaic charging, as one embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of a method for battery pack photovoltaic charging, as one embodiment;
fig. 9 is a flow diagram of a method for battery pack photovoltaic charging as one embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
Referring to the charging device 100 shown in fig. 1 to 3. The charging device 100 is a system for charging the battery pack 300 by electric power emitted from the photovoltaic panel 200. The charging device 100 includes a photovoltaic interface 10, an output interface 20, a filter 30, a first charging circuit 40, a second charging circuit 50, a controller 60, a detection module 70, and a voltage conversion circuit 80.
The charging device 100 may access the photovoltaic panel 200 through the photovoltaic interface 10 to charge different types of battery packs 300, such as lithium battery packs, lithium-based battery packs, solid state battery packs, or graphene battery packs. In the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage, capacity, structure, shape, size, etc. of the battery pack charged by the charging device 100 are not limited. For example, the charging device 100 may charge a battery pack rated at 18V, 20V, 24V, 28V, 30V, 56V, greater than 56V, etc. Alternatively, the charging device 100 may charge a battery pack having a rated voltage within the above voltage range. The charging device 100 may also charge a battery pack having a battery capacity of 1.2ah,1.3ah,1.4ah,2.0ah,2.4ah,2.5ah,2.6ah,3.0ah,4.0ah,5.0ah,6.0ah,7.5ah,10.0ah, or the like.
The photovoltaic interface 10 is used for connecting a solar photovoltaic panel into the charging device 100. In one embodiment, the photovoltaic interface 10 may be connected to one or more photovoltaic panels 200, and the number and connection of the photovoltaic panels (photovoltaic panels connected in series or in series) is related to the maximum charging current, power, or the input voltage range and power conversion of the charging device 100.
And an output interface 20 for accessing the battery pack 300. In one embodiment, the output interface 20 may include a positive terminal BAT+ and a negative terminal BAT-and a battery pack to communicate signals to a charger. The battery pack 300 is detachably connected to the charging device 100 through the output interface 20.
In one embodiment, the charging device 100 further includes a charging control module (not shown in the figure) connected to the voltage conversion circuit 80 for controlling whether to charge the battery pack. In one embodiment, the charge control module may be a relay.
The filter 30 is connected to the photovoltaic interface 10, and is configured to perform anti-interference processing on the electrical energy signal received by the photovoltaic interface 10 to output a filtered electrical signal. In one embodiment, the filter 30 is an electromagnetic interference filter, or EMI filter.
In one embodiment, an auxiliary power circuit 90 is connected to the output of the filter 30 for outputting a 3.3V voltage to power the controller 60.
In one embodiment, the output of the filter 30 is also coupled to an electrolytic capacitor C for storing electrical energy to provide temporary charging power.
The detection module 70 is used for detecting the electric parameters related to the battery pack 300 in real time. In one embodiment, the electrical parameter is one or more of the charge, voltage, charge current, or power of the battery pack. In one embodiment, the detection module 70 is coupled to the controller 60, the first charging circuit 40, and the second charging circuit 50. In one embodiment, the electrical parameters transmitted by the detection module 70 to the controller 60, the first charging circuit 40, and the second charging circuit 50 are the same. In one embodiment, the electrical parameters transmitted by the detection module 70 to the controller 60, the first charging circuit 40, and the second charging circuit 50 are all different.
The first charging circuit 40 includes a first input interface 11 connected to the controller 60, a second input interface 12 connected to the detection module 70, a first signal processing circuit 41 connected to the two input interfaces, a first output interface 13, and a first semiconductor switch D1. The first charging circuit 40 receives a first control signal from the controller 60 via the first input interface 11 and receives an electrical parameter from the detection module 70 via the second input interface 12. The first signal processing circuit 41 outputs the analog signal obtained by processing the first control signal and the received electric parameter as a first charging signal via the first output interface 13. In one embodiment, the first semiconductor switch D1 is an isolated semiconductor. In one embodiment, the isolated semiconductor switch is a switching diode. It can be understood that when the first charging signal output by the first output interface 13 is low and the reference amount, the switching diode D1 is turned off, and the first charging circuit 40 does not participate in the charging control; the first charging signal is higher than the reference amount, the switch diode D1 is turned on, and the first charging circuit 40 controls the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface 10 to charge the battery pack 300 in the first charging mode. The reference quantity is the lowest electric parameter when the diode is conducted.
In one embodiment, the first charging mode is a standard charging mode. In one embodiment, the standard charging mode is a constant current/constant voltage charging mode.
In one example, the electrical parameter input to the controller 60 by the detection module 70 is the charging current of the battery pack. The first control signal input to the first charging circuit 40 by the controller 60 is a current control signal generated based on the charging current. The electrical parameter input to the first charging circuit by the detection module 70 is the battery pack charging current. In one embodiment, the first signal processing circuit 41 is an error amplifier shown in fig. 4, and may output an analog voltage as the first charging signal after amplifying the current conversion signals input by the two input interfaces through an error.
The second charging circuit 50 includes a third input interface 21 connected to the controller 60, a fourth input interface 22 connected to the detection module 70, a second signal processing circuit 51 connected to the two input interfaces, a second output interface 23, and a second semiconductor switch D2. The second charging circuit 50 receives the second control signal from the controller 60 via the third input interface 21 and the electrical parameter from the detection module 70 via the fourth input interface 22. The second signal processing circuit 51 outputs the second control signal and the received analog signal obtained by processing the electric parameter as a second charging signal through the second output interface 23. In one embodiment, the second semiconductor switch D2 is an isolated semiconductor. In one embodiment, the isolated semiconductor switch is a switching diode. It will be appreciated that the second charge signal is below the reference amount, the switching diode D2 is turned off, and the second charging circuit 50 does not participate in the charge control. The second charging signal is higher than the reference amount, the switching diode D2 is turned on, and the second charging circuit 50 controls the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface 10 to charge the battery pack 300 in the second charging mode. The reference quantity is the lowest electric parameter when the diode is conducted.
In one embodiment, the second charging mode is a maximum power point tracking charging mode, i.e., the maximum photovoltaic output power of the photovoltaic panel 200 is tracked by the MPPT controller and the battery pack 300 is always charged with the maximum photovoltaic output power. In this embodiment of the present application, the second charging mode is referred to as an MPPT charging mode.
In one example, the electrical parameter input to the controller 60 by the detection module 70 is the charging voltage of the battery pack. The controller 60 inputs the second control signal of the second charging circuit 50 as a voltage control signal generated according to the above-described charging voltage. The electrical parameter input to the second charging circuit 50 by the detection module 70 is the battery pack charging voltage. In one embodiment, the second signal processing circuit 51 is an error amplifier shown in fig. 4, and may output an analog voltage as the second charging signal after amplifying the voltage signals input by the two input interfaces through error.
It will be appreciated that the controller 60 will simultaneously input two control signals to the two charging circuits, only one of which will turn on the corresponding charging circuit and the other will turn off the corresponding charging circuit, thereby effecting charging of the battery pack 300 in one charging mode.
The voltage conversion circuit 80 is connected to the filter 30 and is connected to the charging signal input from the first charging circuit 40 or the second charging circuit 50 to convert the charging signal into a charging voltage suitable for the battery pack 300 to charge the battery pack.
In one embodiment, the electrical parameter associated with the battery pack is the charging current of the battery pack. The controller 60 may determine the charging mode of the battery pack according to the magnitude relation between the charging current of the battery pack and the current threshold, and further determine the circuits to be turned on and the circuits to be turned off in the first charging circuit 40 and the second charging circuit 50.
In one embodiment, the current threshold is the maximum constant current charging current of the battery pack 300. In particular, when the charging current of the battery pack is equal to or greater than the current threshold, the first control signal input by the controller 60 turns on the first charging circuit 40, so as to charge the battery pack in the constant current/constant voltage mode. When the charging current of the battery pack is less than the current threshold, the second control signal input by the controller 60 turns on the second charging circuit 50, thereby charging the battery pack in the MPPT mode.
In one embodiment, the electrical parameter associated with the battery pack is the charge of the battery pack. The controller 60 may determine whether the charging mode of the charging device 100 is the pre-charge mode or the non-pre-charge mode according to the relationship between the charge amount of the battery pack and the charge amount threshold. Wherein, the non-pre-charge mode includes an MPPT charge mode and a constant current/constant voltage charge mode. In one embodiment, when the electric quantity of the battery pack 300 is less than or equal to the electric quantity threshold, the controller 60 outputs a third control signal to the second charging circuit 40 to enable the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface 10 to charge the battery pack 300 in the precharge mode. It is understood that the above-mentioned power threshold is the lowest power remaining in the battery pack when the battery pack is not damaged and can be charged rapidly. To implement the precharge of the battery pack, the controller 60 may output a third control signal controlling the second charging circuit 50 to be turned on, which causes the second charging circuit 50 to output a third charging signal causing the diode D2 to be turned on, thereby causing the battery pack 300 to enter the precharge mode. It should be noted that, the third control signal is a low voltage that keeps the MPPT controller negative feedback under the current lighting condition, and is a fixed value, and the minimum voltage can be used for limiting the MPPT controller to prevent the PV curve of the MPPT controller from entering the positive feedback phase. Wherein the positive feedback phase and the negative feedback may refer to the description of the PV curve in fig. 5.
In one embodiment, the controller 60 may monitor the charge power of the battery pack 300 in the precharge mode, and if the power is less than the precharge power of the battery pack 300, consider that the current lighting conditions are very poor and photovoltaic charge cannot be used. Under the above condition, the controller 60 outputs a fourth control signal for controlling the second charging circuit 50 to be turned on, so that the charging device 100 enters the standby mode. It is understood that the fourth control signal is a fixed value for maintaining the MPPT controller at the lowest voltage value that is charged. Under the fourth control signal, the battery pack is not charged, and only the charging device 100 is maintained in the standby mode. By making the charging device 100 stand by, the MPPT controller is prevented from being turned off, and charging can be responded to in time when the illumination becomes good.
In one embodiment, the voltage value of the fourth control signal is smaller than the voltage value of the third control signal.
In one embodiment, controller 60 may charge the battery pack in MPPT mode upon detecting that the charge of battery pack 300 is greater than a charge threshold. To implement MPPT charging, the controller 60 outputs a second control signal for controlling the second charging circuit 50 to be turned on, and at the same time, the controller 60 needs to output a first control signal for controlling the first charging circuit 40 to be turned off, thereby implementing MPPT mode charging. It should be noted that the second control signal in the MPPT charging mode is a disturbance voltage that varies with the illumination.
In one embodiment, the controller 60 outputs a first control signal to turn on the first charging circuit 40 to charge the battery pack 300 in the constant current/constant voltage mode when it is monitored that the charge amount of the battery pack 300 reaches near the full charge threshold. It will be appreciated that the near full power threshold is less than the amount of power that would be available if the battery pack were full, and that the battery pack still has some space to charge when the threshold is reached.
It should be noted that, as shown in the PV curve of the MPPT controller in fig. 5, the maximum photovoltaic output power is related to the illumination intensity received by the photovoltaic panel 200 in the MPPT mode charging, and the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum photovoltaic output power are different in different illumination intensities. Curves 1, 2, 3 in FIG. 5 are 400W/m, respectively 2 、600W/m 2 、800W/m 2 PV curve at light intensity. The phase before the maximum photovoltaic output power is defined as the positive feedback phase of the PV curve, and the phase after the maximum photovoltaic output power is defined as the negative feedback phase of the PV curve. With limited maximum charging voltage or charging currentFor battery packs made or smaller, the method is not suitable for charging in an MPPT mode all the time, and particularly when the illumination condition is very good, namely, the photovoltaic output power is high, the photovoltaic output power reaches the maximum constant current charging current which can be born by the battery pack before tracking the maximum photovoltaic output power occurs.
In one embodiment, in the MPPT charging mode, the controller 60 may monitor whether the charging current of the battery pack 300 reaches the maximum constant current charging current of the battery pack. If so, the controller 60 outputs a second control signal for controlling the second charging circuit 50 to be turned off, and at the same time, needs to output a first control signal for controlling the first charging circuit 40 to be turned on, thereby realizing the conversion from the charging in the MPPT mode to the charging in the constant current/constant voltage mode. In this embodiment, the constant current/constant voltage charging mode is a charging mode of the battery pack standard, and will not be described in detail here.
In one embodiment, in the MPPT charging mode, the controller 60 may obtain the current charging power and charging current of the battery pack 300 from the detection module 70. It should be noted that the charging power of the battery pack represents the photovoltaic output power of the photovoltaic panel 200 to a certain extent or completely, that is, the charging power of the battery pack represents the quality of the illumination condition. When the current charge power of the battery pack 300 is greater than the power threshold, i.e., the current lighting condition is very good, the controller 60 compares the relationship between the charge current of the battery pack and the maximum constant current charge current to determine whether the switching to the constant current/constant voltage mode charge is required. For example, if the charging current of the battery pack is less than the current threshold on the premise that the charging power of the battery pack is greater than the power threshold, the controller 60 continues to output the second control signal to charge the battery pack in the MPPT charging mode; the charging current of the battery pack is equal to or greater than the current threshold, the controller 60 outputs a first control signal to switch from the current MPPT charging mode to the constant current/constant voltage charging mode to charge the battery pack. When the current charging power of the battery pack 300 is less than or equal to the power threshold, that is, the current lighting condition is generally or very bad, the controller 60 may not monitor the charging current, that is, does not need to monitor the conversion of the charging mode, and continues to output the second control signal to charge the battery pack in the MPPT charging mode. Thereby ensuring the flexibility of the conversion of the charging mode along with the illumination condition.
In one embodiment, the controller 60 may set the output frequency of the second control signal for controlling the second charging circuit 50 to be turned on according to the charging power of the battery pack and the current charging mode, that is, the frequency of the voltage disturbance performed by the controller 60 may control the MPPT controller. Specifically, when the charging power of the battery pack 300 is greater than or equal to the power threshold, and the charging current of the battery pack 300 reaches the maximum constant current charging current of the battery pack, that is, the illumination is very good and the battery pack 300 is charged in the constant current/constant voltage mode, the MPPT controller does not need to continuously track the maximum photovoltaic power. Under the above conditions, the controller 60 may periodically output the disturbed second control signal, so as to avoid that the MPPT controller is completely turned off, so that the charging mode cannot be switched in time when the illumination condition is suddenly changed. When the charging power of the battery pack 300 is smaller than the first power threshold, i.e., the illumination condition is generally or very bad, and the battery pack is charged in the MPPT charging mode, the controller 60 outputs the disturbed second control signal in real time, and maintains the MPPT charging mode.
In one embodiment, there is a hot spot blocking phenomenon in either the MPPT charging mode or the constant current/constant voltage charging mode, where the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 200 may be reduced. For example, if a cloud or object obscures the illumination of the photovoltaic panel 200 from hot spots, i.e., shadows, the photovoltaic output power of the photovoltaic panel 200 may decrease, resulting in a sudden drop in output voltage. As shown in FIG. 5, the illumination condition is different, and when the output power of the same photovoltaic is 150W, 600W/m 2 The output voltage V1 is less than 800W/m under the illumination intensity 2 And an output voltage V2 under illumination intensity. Based on this, the controller 60 can determine whether there is hot spot shielding by comparing the output voltages of the photovoltaic panels 200. Further, the controller 60 may also time the duration of the hot spot shielding.
In one embodiment, when the hot spot shielding causes the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 200 to drop below the voltage threshold, the controller 60 may obtain a first time when the output voltage drops below the voltage threshold, and obtain a maintenance duration for which the output voltage is maintained below the voltage threshold with the time as a timing start. Further, the controller 60 may switch the charging mode according to the length of the shielding time or temporarily release the charging power using the electrolytic capacitor C.
In a specific implementation, if the maintenance duration, i.e. the hot spot shielding duration, is greater than or equal to the time threshold, the controller 60 outputs the second control signal to the second charging circuit 50 to charge the battery pack in the MPPT charging mode no matter what charging mode the battery pack 300 is currently in. That is, when the hot spot shielding time period is equal to or greater than the time threshold, and the current charging mode is the constant current/constant voltage charging mode, the controller 60 outputs a second control signal to switch to the MPPT charging mode; when the hot spot shielding time is greater than or equal to the time threshold, and the current charging mode is the MPPT charging mode, the controller 60 continues to output the second control signal to maintain the MPPT charging mode. If the hot spot shielding time is less than the time threshold, that is, the shielding time of the cloud or other shielding object to the photovoltaic panel 200 is short, the controller 60 continues to output the control signal corresponding to the current charging mode, so that the electric energy released by the electrolytic capacitor C maintains the current charging mode to charge the battery pack 300.
In the embodiment of the present application, the order of the conversion of the charging modes of the battery pack 300 under the above-mentioned different lighting conditions and different electric quantities is not limited.
A flow chart of a charging method for photovoltaic charging of a battery pack will be described below with reference to fig. 6, the method comprising the steps of:
s102, acquiring the charging current of the battery pack. S104, judging whether the charging current of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a current threshold, if so, executing the step S106, otherwise, executing the step S108.
And S106, outputting a first control signal to charge the battery pack in a first charging mode.
S108, outputting a second control signal to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode.
A flow chart of a charging method for photovoltaic charging of a battery pack will be described below with reference to fig. 7, the method comprising the steps of:
s202, acquiring the electric quantity of the battery pack.
S204, judging whether the electric quantity is larger than or equal to an electric quantity threshold value, if so, executing the step S206, otherwise, executing the step S212.
S206, the battery pack is precharged.
S208, if the charging power reaches the pre-charging power, the step S206 is executed, otherwise, the step S210 is executed.
S210, standby mode.
S212, charging in an MPPT mode.
S214, if the charging current reaches the maximum constant current charging current, executing step S216, otherwise, returning to execute step S212.
S216, charging in a constant current/constant voltage mode.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, after step S212, the following steps are further included:
s213, if the charging power is greater than the power threshold, executing step S214 if yes, otherwise, returning to execute step S212.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, after step S216, the following steps are further included:
s217, if the hot spot shielding time exceeds the duration threshold, returning to the step S212 if yes, otherwise, executing the step S218.
S218, discharging the electrolytic capacitor, wherein the charging constant current/constant voltage charging mode is unchanged.
In one embodiment, the relationship between the hot spot shielding time and the duration threshold may also be determined when the battery pack is in the MPPT charging mode. And when the hot spot shielding time length is smaller than the time length threshold value, the original MPPT charging mode is maintained unchanged, and when the hot spot shielding time length is larger than or equal to the time length threshold value, the electrolytic capacitor is used for discharging, and the MPPT charging mode is still maintained. In the MPPT charging mode, the hot spot shielding time period does not bring about the conversion of the charging mode.
It should be noted that, the detailed execution process of each step in the foregoing charging method embodiment may be referred to the description in the charging device embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
The above-described manner may be performed by a software program written in the controller.
Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, while the invention has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the invention is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is set forth in the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. A charging device, comprising:
the photovoltaic interface is used for accessing a photovoltaic panel;
the output interface is used for accessing the battery pack;
the filter is electrically connected with the photovoltaic interface and is used for carrying out anti-interference processing on the electric energy signal accessed by the photovoltaic interface so as to output a filtering signal;
the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the filter and used for outputting and adapting the charging voltage of the battery pack to charge the battery pack;
the first charging circuit is connected with the voltage conversion circuit and is used for enabling the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a first charging mode;
the second charging circuit is connected with the voltage conversion circuit and is used for enabling the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode;
the detection module is used for detecting electric parameters related to the battery pack and the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel in real time;
a controller configured to:
acquiring the electric parameters of the battery pack and the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel;
when the electric parameter of the battery pack is larger than or equal to a parameter threshold value, the controller outputs a first control signal to the first charging circuit so that the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface charges the battery pack in a first charging mode; when the electric parameter of the battery pack is smaller than the parameter threshold value, the controller outputs a second control signal to the second charging circuit so that the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface charges the battery pack in a second charging mode;
when the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel is smaller than a voltage threshold value, acquiring a first moment when the output voltage is reduced to the voltage threshold value;
taking the first moment as a timing starting point, and acquiring a maintenance duration of the charging voltage which is maintained to be smaller than the voltage threshold;
outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit to enable the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode when the maintenance time length is greater than or equal to a time length threshold value;
when the maintenance duration is smaller than the duration threshold and the battery pack is in a first charging mode, outputting a first control signal to the first charging circuit so as to enable the electric energy released by the electrolytic capacitor to maintain the first charging mode to charge the battery pack;
when the maintenance duration is smaller than the duration threshold and the battery pack is in a second charging mode, outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit so as to enable the electric energy released by the electrolytic capacitor to maintain the second charging mode to charge the battery pack;
the first charging mode is a standard charging mode; the second charging mode is a maximum power point tracking charging mode.
2. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein,
the electric parameter related to the battery pack is one or a combination of electric quantity, voltage, charging current or power of the battery pack.
3. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein,
the electrical parameter associated with the battery pack is a charging current of the battery pack.
4. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein,
the controller is further configured to:
acquiring the electric quantity of the battery pack;
and when the electric quantity of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to an electric quantity threshold value, outputting a third control signal to the second charging circuit so as to enable the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a pre-charging mode.
5. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein,
the controller is further configured to:
acquiring the charging power of the battery pack;
when the charging power of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to a power threshold value, outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit so as to enable the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode;
when the charging power of the battery pack is larger than the power threshold value, acquiring the charging current of the battery pack;
when the charging current of the battery pack is smaller than a current threshold value, outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit so that the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface charges the battery pack in a second charging mode;
when the charging current of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the current threshold, a first control signal is output to the first charging circuit so that the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface charges the battery pack in a first charging mode.
6. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein,
the first charging circuit includes:
the first input interface is used for accessing the controller and acquiring the first control signal sent by the controller;
the second input interface is used for accessing the detection module and acquiring the charging current of the battery pack sent by the detection module;
a first signal processing circuit for generating a first charging signal;
the first output interface is used for outputting the first charging signal;
and the first semiconductor switch is used for controlling the on-off state of the first charging circuit according to the state of the first charging signal.
7. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein,
the second charging circuit includes:
the third input interface is used for accessing the controller and acquiring the second control signal sent by the controller;
a fourth input interface, configured to access the detection module, and obtain a charging voltage of the battery pack sent by the detection module;
a second signal processing circuit for generating a second charging signal;
the second output interface is used for outputting the second charging signal;
and the second semiconductor switch is used for controlling the on-off state of the second charging circuit according to the state of the second charging signal.
8. A charging method suitable for photovoltaic charging of a battery pack, comprising:
acquiring charging current of the battery pack and output voltage of a photovoltaic panel;
outputting a first control signal to charge the battery pack in a first charging mode when the charging current of the battery pack is greater than or equal to a current threshold; outputting a second control signal to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode when the charging current of the battery pack is smaller than the current threshold; when the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel is smaller than a voltage threshold value, acquiring a first moment when the output voltage is reduced to the voltage threshold value;
taking the first moment as a timing starting point, and acquiring a maintenance duration of the charging voltage of the battery pack, which is smaller than the voltage threshold;
outputting a second control signal to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode when the maintenance time length is greater than or equal to a time length threshold;
when the maintenance duration is smaller than the duration threshold and the battery pack is in a first charging mode, outputting a first control signal to a first charging circuit to enable the electric energy released by the electrolytic capacitor to maintain the first charging mode to charge the battery pack;
when the maintenance duration is smaller than the duration threshold and the battery pack is in a second charging mode, outputting a second control signal to a second charging circuit to enable the electric energy released by the electrolytic capacitor to maintain the second charging mode to charge the battery pack;
wherein the first charging mode is a standard charging mode; the second charging mode is a maximum power point tracking charging mode.
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