CN114142585A - Charging device and charging method - Google Patents
Charging device and charging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114142585A CN114142585A CN202010913220.9A CN202010913220A CN114142585A CN 114142585 A CN114142585 A CN 114142585A CN 202010913220 A CN202010913220 A CN 202010913220A CN 114142585 A CN114142585 A CN 114142585A
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 338
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 7
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0036—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
- H02J7/0045—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
A charging device and a charging method, the device comprises: connecting a photovoltaic interface of a photovoltaic panel; accessing an output interface of the battery pack; the filter is electrically connected with the photovoltaic interface and is used for performing anti-interference processing on the accessed electric energy signal so as to output a filtering signal; the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the filter and outputs the charging voltage of the adaptive battery pack to charge the adaptive battery pack; the first charging circuit is connected with the voltage conversion circuit and enables electric energy to charge the battery pack in a first charging mode; the second charging circuit is connected with the voltage conversion circuit, so that the electric energy charges the battery pack in a second charging mode; the detection module detects the electric parameters related to the battery pack in real time; the controller can acquire the electric parameters of the battery pack; when the electric parameter is larger than or equal to the parameter threshold value, outputting a first control signal to a first charging circuit to charge the battery pack in a first charging mode; and when the electric parameter of the battery pack is smaller than the parameter threshold value, outputting a second control signal to a second charging circuit to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a charging device, in particular to a charging device and a charging method for photovoltaic charging of a battery pack.
Background
With the development of battery technology, the power supply requirements of the electric tool under different application scenes are met. Rechargeable battery packs (e.g., lithium battery packs) provide power for power tools operating outdoors or in other settings where direct ac power is not convenient based on their reserve of electrical energy.
However, when the battery pack is used outdoors or used for traveling, the electric energy stored in the battery pack cannot meet the long-term use requirement, and once the stored electric energy is exhausted, the battery pack cannot continuously provide the electric energy for electricity utilization.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a charging device capable of continuously supplying power.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a charging device, comprising: the photovoltaic interface is used for accessing a photovoltaic panel; the output interface is used for accessing the battery pack; the filter is electrically connected with the photovoltaic interface and used for performing anti-interference processing on the electric energy signal accessed by the photovoltaic interface to output a filtering signal; the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the filter and used for outputting charging voltage matched with the battery pack to charge the battery pack; the first charging circuit is connected with the voltage conversion circuit and used for enabling the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a first charging mode; the second charging circuit is connected with the voltage conversion circuit and used for enabling the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode; the detection module is used for detecting the electric parameters related to the battery pack in real time; a controller configured to: acquiring an electrical parameter of the battery pack; when the electric parameter of the battery pack is larger than or equal to the parameter threshold value, the controller outputs a first control signal to the first charging circuit so that the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface charges the battery pack in a first charging mode; when the electric parameter of the battery pack is smaller than the parameter threshold value, the controller outputs a second control signal to the second charging circuit so that the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface charges the battery pack in a second charging mode.
Further, the electrical parameter related to the battery pack is one or a combination of the quantity of electricity, the voltage, the charging current or the power of the battery pack.
Further, the electrical parameter associated with the battery pack is a charging current of the battery pack.
Further, the first charging mode is a standard charging mode; the second charging mode is a maximum power point tracking charging mode.
Further, the controller is further configured to: acquiring the electric quantity of the battery pack; when the electric quantity of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to the electric quantity threshold value, outputting a third control signal to the second charging circuit to enable the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a pre-charging mode.
Further, the controller is further configured to: acquiring the charging power of the battery pack; when the charging power of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to a power threshold value, outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit to enable the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode; when the charging power of the battery pack is larger than the power threshold, acquiring the charging current of the battery pack; when the charging current of the battery pack is smaller than the current threshold, outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit to enable the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode; when the charging current of the battery pack is larger than or equal to the current threshold value, outputting a first control signal to the first charging circuit to enable the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a first charging mode.
Further, the first charging circuit includes: the first input interface is used for accessing the controller and acquiring the first control signal sent by the controller; the second input interface is used for accessing the detection module and acquiring the charging current of the battery pack sent by the detection module; a first signal processing circuit for generating a first charging signal; a first output interface for outputting the first charging signal; and the first semiconductor switch is used for controlling the on-off state of the first charging circuit according to the state of the first charging signal.
Further, the second charging circuit includes: the third input interface is used for accessing the controller and acquiring the second control signal sent by the controller; the fourth input interface is used for accessing the detection module and acquiring the charging voltage of the battery pack sent by the detection module; a second signal processing circuit for generating a second charging signal; a second output interface for outputting the second charging signal; and the second semiconductor switch is used for controlling the on-off state of the second charging circuit according to the state of the second charging signal.
Further, the detection module is also used for detecting the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel in real time; the controller is further configured to: acquiring the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel; when the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel is smaller than a voltage threshold, acquiring a first moment when the output voltage is reduced to the voltage threshold; taking the first moment as a timing starting point, and acquiring a maintaining time length of the charging voltage which is maintained to be smaller than the voltage threshold; when the maintaining time length is greater than or equal to a time length threshold value, outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit to enable electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode; when the maintaining time length is less than the time length threshold value and the battery pack is in a first charging mode currently, outputting a first control signal to the first charging circuit to enable electric energy released by the electrolytic capacitor to maintain the first charging mode to charge the battery pack; and when the maintaining time length is less than the time length threshold value and the battery pack is in a second charging mode currently, outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit to enable the electric energy released by the electrolytic capacitor to maintain the second charging mode to charge the battery pack.
A charging method suitable for photovoltaic charging of a battery pack, comprising: acquiring the charging current of the battery pack; when the charging current of the battery pack is larger than or equal to a current threshold value, outputting a first control signal to charge the battery pack in a first charging mode; and when the charging current of the battery pack is smaller than the current threshold, outputting a second control signal to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode.
The invention has the advantages that: provided is a charging device capable of continuously supplying electric energy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural view of a charging device as an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a circuit block diagram of a charging device as an embodiment;
fig. 3 is a circuit block diagram of a charging device as an embodiment;
fig. 4 is a hardware circuit diagram of a charging device as an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a graph of PV charging as an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for photovoltaic charging of a battery pack, as an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for photovoltaic charging of a battery pack, according to one embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic flow diagram for a method for photovoltaic charging of a battery pack, as an embodiment;
fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a photovoltaic charging method for a battery pack as an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a charging device 100 is shown. The charging device 100 is a system for charging the battery pack 300 by the electric energy emitted from the photovoltaic panel 200. The charging device 100 includes a photovoltaic interface 10, an output interface 20, a filter 30, a first charging circuit 40, a second charging circuit 50, a controller 60, a detection module 70, and a voltage conversion circuit 80.
The charging device 100 may access the photovoltaic panel 200 through the photovoltaic interface 10 to charge different types of battery packs 300, such as lithium battery packs, lithium-based battery packs, solid-state battery packs, or graphene battery packs. In the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage, capacity, structure, shape, size, and the like of the battery pack charged by the charging device 100 are not limited. For example, the charging device 100 may charge a battery pack rated at 18V, 20V, 24V, 28V, 30V, 56V, greater than 56V, etc. Alternatively, the charging device 100 may charge a battery pack having a rated voltage in the above voltage range. The charging device 100 may be charged with a battery pack having a battery capacity of 1.2Ah, 1.3Ah, 1.4Ah, 2.0Ah, 2.4Ah, 2.5Ah, 2.6Ah, 3.0Ah, 4.0Ah, 5.0Ah, 6.0Ah, 7.5Ah, 10.0Ah, or the like.
And a photovoltaic interface 10 for connecting the solar photovoltaic panel to the charging device 100. In one embodiment, the photovoltaic interface 10 can be connected to one or more photovoltaic panels 200, and the specific number and connection manner (series or variable) of the photovoltaic panels are related to the maximum charging current, power borne by the rechargeable battery pack 300, or related to the input voltage range and the electric energy conversion power of the charging device 100.
And an output interface 20 for accessing the battery pack 300. In one embodiment, the output interface 20 may include a positive terminal BAT + and a negative terminal BAT-, and a battery pack and charger communication signal. The battery pack 300 is detachably connected to the charging device 100 through the output interface 20.
In one embodiment, the charging device 100 further comprises a charging control module (not shown) connected to the voltage conversion circuit 80 for controlling whether to charge the battery pack. In one embodiment, the charging control module may be a relay.
And the filter 30 is connected with the photovoltaic interface 10 and is used for performing anti-interference processing on the electric energy signal accessed by the photovoltaic interface 10 to output a filtered electric signal. In one embodiment, filter 30 is an electromagnetic interference filter, or EMI filter.
In one embodiment, an auxiliary power circuit 90 is connected to the output of the filter 30 for outputting a voltage of 3.3V to power the controller 60.
In one embodiment, the output of the filter 30 is further connected to an electrolytic capacitor C for storing electrical energy to provide temporary charging power.
The detection module 70 is configured to detect an electrical parameter associated with the battery pack 300 in real time. In one embodiment, the electrical parameter is a combination of one or more of a charge, a voltage, a charging current, or a power of the battery pack. In one embodiment, the detection module 70 is coupled to the controller 60, the first charging circuit 40, and the second charging circuit 50. In one embodiment, the electrical quantities transmitted by the detection module 70 to the controller 60, the first charging circuit 40, and the second charging circuit 50 are the same. In one embodiment, the amount of electrical power transmitted by the detection module 70 to the controller 60, the first charging circuit 40, and the second charging circuit 50 is different.
The first charging circuit 40 includes a first input interface 11 connected to the controller 60, a second input interface 12 connected to the detection module 70, a first signal processing circuit 41 connected to the two input interfaces, a first output interface 13, and a first semiconductor switch D1. The first charging circuit 40 receives the first control signal from the controller 60 through the first input interface 11, and receives the electrical parameter from the detection module 70 through the second input interface 12. The first signal processing circuit 41 outputs the first control signal and the analog signal obtained by processing the received electrical parameter as the first charging signal through the first output interface 13. In one embodiment, the first semiconductor switch D1 is an isolation semiconductor. In one embodiment, the isolated semiconductor switch is a switching diode. It is understood that when the first charging signal output by the first output interface 13 is low and the reference quantity is low, the switching diode D1 is turned off, and the first charging circuit 40 does not participate in the charging control; the first charging signal is higher than the reference amount, the switching diode D1 is turned on, and the first charging circuit 40 controls the power accessed by the photovoltaic interface 10 to charge the battery pack 300 in the first charging mode. The reference quantity is the lowest electrical parameter when the diode is conducted.
In one embodiment, the first charging mode is a standard charging mode. In one embodiment, the standard charging mode is a constant current/constant voltage charging mode.
In one example, the electrical parameter input to controller 60 by sensing module 70 is the battery pack charging current. The first control signal input to the first charging circuit 40 by the controller 60 is a current control signal generated based on the charging current. The detection module 70 inputs the electrical parameter of the first charging circuit as the charging current of the battery pack. In one embodiment, the first signal processing circuit 41 is an error amplifier shown in fig. 4, and may output an analog voltage as the first charging signal after error-amplifying the current conversion signal input by the two input interfaces.
The second charging circuit 50 includes a third input interface 21 connected to the controller 60, a fourth input interface 22 connected to the detection module 70, a second signal processing circuit 51 connected to the two input interfaces, a second output interface 23, and a second semiconductor switch D2. The second charging circuit 50 receives the second control signal from the controller 60 through the third input interface 21, and receives the electrical parameter from the detection module 70 through the fourth input interface 22. The second signal processing circuit 51 outputs the second control signal and the analog signal obtained by processing the received electrical parameter as a second charging signal through the second output interface 23. In one embodiment, the second semiconductor switch D2 is an isolation semiconductor. In one embodiment, the isolated semiconductor switch is a switching diode. It is understood that the second charging signal is lower than the reference value, the switching diode D2 is turned off, and the second charging circuit 50 does not participate in the charging control. When the second charging signal is higher than the reference amount, the switching diode D2 is turned on, and the second charging circuit 50 controls the power accessed by the photovoltaic interface 10 to charge the battery pack 300 in the second charging mode. The reference quantity is the lowest electrical parameter when the diode is conducted.
In one embodiment, the second charging mode is a maximum power point tracking charging mode, i.e., the MPPT controller tracks the maximum photovoltaic output power of the photovoltaic panel 200 and always charges the battery pack 300 with the maximum photovoltaic output power. In this embodiment, the second charging mode is referred to as MPPT charging mode for short.
In one example, the electrical parameter input to controller 60 by sensing module 70 is the battery pack charging voltage. The second control signal input to the second charging circuit 50 by the controller 60 is a voltage control signal generated based on the charging voltage. The detection module 70 inputs the electrical parameter of the second charging circuit 50 as the battery pack charging voltage. In one embodiment, the second signal processing circuit 51 is an error amplifier shown in fig. 4, and may output an analog voltage as the second charging signal after error-amplifying the voltage signals input by the two input interfaces.
It is understood that the controller 60 may simultaneously input two control signals to the two charging circuits, only one of the two control signals may turn on the corresponding charging circuit, and the other may turn off the corresponding charging circuit, so as to charge the battery pack 300 in a charging mode.
And the voltage conversion circuit 80 is connected with the filter 30 and is connected with the charging signal input by the first charging circuit 40 or the second charging circuit 50 so as to convert the charging signal into a charging voltage adapted to the battery pack 300 to charge the battery pack.
In one embodiment, the electrical parameter associated with the battery pack is a charging current of the battery pack. The controller 60 may determine the charging mode of the battery pack according to the relationship between the charging current of the battery pack and the current threshold, and further determine the circuits to be turned on and the circuits to be turned off in the first charging circuit 40 and the second charging circuit 50.
In one embodiment, the current threshold is a maximum constant current charging current of the battery pack 300. In a specific implementation, when the charging current of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the current threshold, the first control signal input by the controller 60 turns on the first charging circuit 40, so as to charge the battery pack in the constant current/constant voltage mode. When the charging current of the battery pack is smaller than the current threshold, the second control signal input by the controller 60 turns on the second charging circuit 50, thereby charging the battery pack in the MPPT mode.
In one embodiment, the electrical parameter associated with the battery pack is a charge level of the battery pack. The controller 60 can determine whether the charging mode of the charging device 100 is the pre-charging mode or the non-pre-charging mode according to the relationship between the charge amount of the battery pack and the charge amount threshold. The non-pre-charging mode comprises an MPPT charging mode and a constant current/constant voltage charging mode. In one embodiment, when the controller 60 detects that the power of the battery pack 300 is less than or equal to the power threshold, it outputs a third control signal to the second charging circuit 40 to enable the power accessed by the photovoltaic interface 10 to charge the battery pack 300 in the pre-charging mode. It is understood that the charge threshold is the lowest charge remaining in the battery pack that will not damage the battery pack and can be quickly charged. To accomplish the pre-charging of the battery pack, the controller 60 may output a third control signal for controlling the conduction of the second charging circuit 50, which causes the second charging circuit 50 to output a third charging signal for conducting the diode D2, thereby causing the battery pack 300 to enter the pre-charging mode. It should be noted that the third control signal is a low voltage that keeps the MPPT controller negatively fed back under the current lighting condition, and is a fixed value, and the lowest voltage may be used for limiting the amplitude of the MPPT controller, so as to prevent the PV curve of the MPPT controller from entering the positive feedback stage. The positive feedback phase and the negative feedback can be described with reference to fig. 5 for the PV curve.
In one embodiment, the controller 60 may monitor the charging power of the battery pack 300 in the pre-charge mode, and if the power is less than the pre-charge power of the battery pack 300, it is determined that the current lighting condition is very poor and the photovoltaic charging cannot be used. Under the above conditions, the controller 60 outputs a fourth control signal for controlling the conduction of the second charging circuit 50, and the charging device 100 enters the standby mode. It is understood that the fourth control signal is a fixed value for the minimum voltage value at which the MPPT controller maintains the charging. In the fourth control signal, the battery pack is not charged, and only the charging device 100 is maintained in the standby mode. By making charging device 100 stand by, the MPPT controller is prevented from being shut down, and charging can be responded in time when illumination becomes good.
In one embodiment, the voltage value of the fourth control signal is less than the voltage value of the third control signal.
In one embodiment, the controller 60 may charge the battery pack in the MPPT mode when it is monitored that the amount of power of the battery pack 300 is greater than the power threshold. To realize MPPT charging, the controller 60 outputs a second control signal for controlling the second charging circuit 50 to be turned on, and at the same time, the controller 60 needs to output a first control signal for controlling the first charging circuit 40 to be turned off, so that charging in the MPPT mode is realized. It should be noted that the second control signal in the MPPT charging mode is a disturbance voltage that changes with the change of illumination.
In one embodiment, the controller 60 outputs a first control signal for turning on the first charging circuit 40 when it is detected that the amount of electricity of the battery pack 300 reaches a near full charge threshold, so as to charge the battery pack 300 in a constant current/constant voltage mode. It will be appreciated that the near full charge threshold is less than the full charge of the battery pack, and that the battery pack has some charge space when the threshold is reached.
As can be seen from the PV curve of the MPPT controller shown in fig. 5, in the MPPT mode charging, the maximum photovoltaic output power is related to the illumination intensity received by the photovoltaic panel 200, and the voltage and the current corresponding to the maximum photovoltaic output power are different for different illumination intensities. Curves 1, 2 and 3 in FIG. 5 are 400W/m, respectively2、600W/m2、800W/m2PV curve at illumination intensity. The stage before the maximum photovoltaic output power is defined as a positive feedback stage of the PV curve, and the stage after the maximum photovoltaic output power is defined as a negative feedback stage of the PV curve. For a battery pack with a limited maximum charging voltage or charging current or a small maximum charging current, the method is not suitable for charging in the MPPT mode, and particularly, under very good lighting conditions, that is, under a high photovoltaic output power condition, the photovoltaic output power reaches the maximum constant current charging current that the battery pack can bear before tracking the maximum photovoltaic output power.
In one embodiment, in the MPPT charging mode, the controller 60 may monitor whether the charging current of the battery pack 300 reaches the maximum constant current charging current of the battery pack. If the maximum power point is reached, the controller 60 outputs a second control signal for controlling the second charging circuit 50 to be turned off, and simultaneously, needs to output a first control signal for controlling the first charging circuit 40 to be turned on, so that the MPPT mode charging is converted into the constant current/constant voltage mode charging. In the present embodiment, the constant current/constant voltage charging mode is a charging mode of the battery pack standard, and will not be described in detail herein.
In one embodiment, in the MPPT charging mode, the controller 60 may obtain the current charging power and charging current of the battery pack 300 from the detection module 70. It should be noted that the charging power of the battery pack represents the photovoltaic output power of the photovoltaic panel 200 to some extent or completely, that is, the charging power of the battery pack represents the illumination condition. When the current charging power of the battery pack 300 is greater than the power threshold, i.e., the current lighting condition is very good, the controller 60 compares the relationship between the charging current of the battery pack and the maximum constant current charging current to determine whether to switch to the constant current/constant voltage mode for charging. For example, on the premise that the charging power of the battery pack is greater than the power threshold, if the charging current of the battery pack is less than the current threshold, the controller 60 continues to output the second control signal to charge the battery pack in the MPPT charging mode; if the charging current of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the current threshold, the controller 60 outputs a first control signal to switch the current MPPT charging mode to the constant current/constant voltage charging mode to charge the battery pack. When the current charging power of the battery pack 300 is less than or equal to the power threshold, that is, the current illumination condition is general or very poor, the controller 60 may not monitor the charging current any more, that is, it is not necessary to monitor the charging mode conversion, and continue to output the second control signal, so as to charge the battery pack in the MPPT charging mode. Therefore, the flexibility of the charging mode along with the conversion of the illumination condition is ensured.
In one embodiment, the controller 60 may set the output frequency of the second control signal for controlling the second charging circuit 50 to be turned on according to the charging power of the battery pack and the current charging mode, that is, the controller 60 may control the frequency of the MPPT controller for performing the voltage perturbation. Specifically, when the charging power of the battery pack 300 is greater than or equal to the power threshold, and the charging current of the battery pack 300 reaches the maximum constant current charging current of the battery pack, that is, the illumination is very good and the battery pack 300 is charged in the constant current/constant voltage mode, the MPPT controller does not need to continuously track the maximum photovoltaic power. Under the above conditions, the controller 60 may periodically output the disturbed second control signal, so as to avoid that the MPPT controller is completely turned off, so that the charging mode cannot be timely switched when the lighting condition suddenly changes. When the charging power of the battery pack 300 is less than the first power threshold, that is, the lighting condition is general or very bad, and the battery pack is charged in the MPPT charging mode, the controller 60 outputs a disturbed second control signal in real time to maintain the MPPT charging mode.
In one embodiment, in the MPPT charging mode or the constant current/constant voltage charging mode, the phenomenon of hot spot shielding exists, and when the hot spot is shielded, the photovoltaic is shieldedThe output voltage of the board 200 will decrease. For example, if a cloud or an object blocks the light of the photovoltaic panel 200 and falls into a hot spot, i.e., a shadow, the photovoltaic output power of the photovoltaic panel 200 is reduced, thereby causing a sudden drop in the output voltage. As shown in FIG. 5, the photovoltaic power output is 600W/m at 150W under different illumination conditions2The output voltage V1 is less than 800W/m under the illumination intensity2The output voltage at the illumination intensity V2. Based on this, the controller 60 can determine whether there is a hot spot occlusion by comparing the output voltages of the photovoltaic panels 200. Further, the controller 60 may also time the duration of the hot spot occlusion.
In one embodiment, when the hot spot shielding causes the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 200 to drop below the voltage threshold, the controller 60 may obtain a first time when the output voltage drops to the voltage threshold, and obtain a maintaining time length for which the output voltage is maintained below the voltage threshold with the time as a timing starting point. Further, the controller 60 may switch the charging mode according to the length of the shielding time or temporarily discharge the charging power using the electrolytic capacitor C.
In a specific implementation, if the duration, i.e., the hot spot shielding duration, is greater than or equal to the time threshold, no matter what charging mode the current battery pack 300 is in, the controller 60 outputs the second control signal to the second charging circuit 50 to charge the battery pack in the MPPT charging mode. That is, when the hot spot shielding duration is greater than or equal to the time threshold and the current charging mode is the constant current/constant voltage charging mode, the controller 60 outputs a second control signal to switch to the MPPT charging mode; when the hot spot shielding duration is greater than or equal to the time threshold and the current charging mode is the MPPT charging mode, the controller 60 continues to output the second control signal to maintain the MPPT charging mode. If the hot spot is blocked by less than the time threshold, that is, the blocking time of the photovoltaic panel 200 by the cloud or other blocking objects is short, the controller 60 continues to output the control signal corresponding to the current charging mode, so that the electric energy released by the electrolytic capacitor C maintains the current charging mode to charge the battery pack 300.
In the embodiment of the present application, the sequence of the conversion of the charging modes of the battery pack 300 under different lighting conditions and different amounts of power is not limited.
A schematic flow diagram of a charging method for photovoltaic charging of a battery pack is described below with reference to fig. 6, the method comprising the steps of:
and S102, acquiring the charging current of the battery pack. And S104, judging whether the charging current of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the current threshold, if so, executing the step S106, and otherwise, executing the step S108.
S106, outputting a first control signal to charge the battery pack in a first charging mode.
And S108, outputting a second control signal to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode.
A schematic flow diagram of a charging method for photovoltaic charging of a battery pack is described below with reference to fig. 7, the method comprising the steps of:
and S202, acquiring the electric quantity of the battery pack.
S204, determining whether the power is greater than or equal to the power threshold, if so, performing step S206, otherwise, performing step S212.
And S206, pre-charging the battery pack.
S208, if the charging power reaches the pre-charging power, the process returns to step S206, otherwise, the process proceeds to step S210.
S210, standby mode.
And S212, charging in an MPPT mode.
And S214, judging whether the charging current reaches the maximum constant current charging current, if so, executing the step S216, otherwise, returning to execute the step S212.
And S216, charging in a constant current/constant voltage mode.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, after step S212, the following steps are further included:
s213, if the charging power is greater than the power threshold, step S214 is executed, otherwise, step S212 is executed.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, after step S216, the following steps are further included:
s217, whether the hot spot shielding time exceeds the time length threshold value is judged, if yes, the step S212 is executed, and if not, the step S218 is executed.
And S218, discharging the electrolytic capacitor, and keeping the constant-current/constant-voltage charging mode.
In one embodiment, when the battery pack is in the MPPT charging mode, the relationship between the hot spot shielding time and the duration threshold may also be determined. And when the hot spot shielding time length is less than the time length threshold value, the original MPPT charging mode is maintained unchanged, and when the hot spot shielding time length is more than or equal to the time length threshold value, the MPPT charging mode is still maintained by discharging with an electrolytic capacitor. Namely, under the MPPT charging mode, the hot spot shielding time length does not bring the conversion of the charging mode.
It should be noted that, for the detailed execution process of each step in the above embodiment of the charging method, reference may be made to the description in the embodiment of the charging device, and details are not described herein again.
The above-described manner may be performed by a software program written into the controller.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments illustrated herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A charging device, comprising:
the photovoltaic interface is used for accessing a photovoltaic panel;
the output interface is used for accessing the battery pack;
the filter is electrically connected with the photovoltaic interface and used for performing anti-interference processing on the electric energy signal accessed by the photovoltaic interface to output a filtering signal;
the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the filter and used for outputting charging voltage matched with the battery pack to charge the battery pack;
the first charging circuit is connected with the voltage conversion circuit and used for enabling the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a first charging mode;
the second charging circuit is connected with the voltage conversion circuit and used for enabling the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode;
the detection module is used for detecting the electric parameters related to the battery pack in real time;
a controller configured to:
acquiring an electrical parameter of the battery pack;
when the electric parameter of the battery pack is larger than or equal to the parameter threshold value, the controller outputs a first control signal to the first charging circuit so that the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface charges the battery pack in a first charging mode; when the electric parameter of the battery pack is smaller than the parameter threshold value, the controller outputs a second control signal to the second charging circuit so that the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface charges the battery pack in a second charging mode.
2. The charging device of claim 1,
the electrical parameter associated with the battery pack is one or a combination of an amount of electricity, a voltage, a charging current, or a power of the battery pack.
3. The charging device of claim 1,
the electrical parameter associated with the battery pack is a charging current of the battery pack.
4. The charging device of claim 1,
the first charging mode is a standard charging mode; the second charging mode is a maximum power point tracking charging mode.
5. The charging device of claim 1,
the controller is further configured to:
acquiring the electric quantity of the battery pack;
when the electric quantity of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to the electric quantity threshold value, outputting a third control signal to the second charging circuit to enable the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a pre-charging mode.
6. The charging device of claim 1,
the controller is further configured to:
acquiring the charging power of the battery pack;
when the charging power of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to a power threshold value, outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit to enable the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode;
when the charging power of the battery pack is larger than the power threshold, acquiring the charging current of the battery pack;
when the charging current of the battery pack is smaller than the current threshold, outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit to enable the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode;
when the charging current of the battery pack is larger than or equal to the current threshold value, outputting a first control signal to the first charging circuit to enable the electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a first charging mode.
7. The charging device of claim 1,
the first charging circuit includes:
the first input interface is used for accessing the controller and acquiring the first control signal sent by the controller;
the second input interface is used for accessing the detection module and acquiring the charging current of the battery pack sent by the detection module;
a first signal processing circuit for generating a first charging signal;
a first output interface for outputting the first charging signal;
and the first semiconductor switch is used for controlling the on-off state of the first charging circuit according to the state of the first charging signal.
8. The charging device of claim 1,
the second charging circuit includes:
the third input interface is used for accessing the controller and acquiring the second control signal sent by the controller;
the fourth input interface is used for accessing the detection module and acquiring the charging voltage of the battery pack sent by the detection module;
a second signal processing circuit for generating a second charging signal;
a second output interface for outputting the second charging signal;
and the second semiconductor switch is used for controlling the on-off state of the second charging circuit according to the state of the second charging signal.
9. The charging device of claim 1,
the detection module is also used for detecting the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel in real time;
the controller is further configured to:
acquiring the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel;
when the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel is smaller than a voltage threshold, acquiring a first moment when the output voltage is reduced to the voltage threshold;
taking the first moment as a timing starting point, and acquiring a maintaining time length of the charging voltage which is maintained to be smaller than the voltage threshold;
when the maintaining time length is greater than or equal to a time length threshold value, outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit to enable electric energy accessed by the photovoltaic interface to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode;
when the maintaining time length is less than the time length threshold value and the battery pack is in a first charging mode, outputting a first control signal to the first charging circuit to enable electric energy released by the electrolytic capacitor to maintain the first charging mode to charge the battery pack;
and when the maintaining time length is less than the time length threshold value and the battery pack is in a second charging mode, outputting a second control signal to the second charging circuit to enable the electric energy released by the electrolytic capacitor to maintain the second charging mode to charge the battery pack.
10. A charging method suitable for photovoltaic charging of a battery pack, comprising:
acquiring the charging current of the battery pack;
when the charging current of the battery pack is larger than or equal to a current threshold value, outputting a first control signal to charge the battery pack in a first charging mode; and when the charging current of the battery pack is smaller than the current threshold, outputting a second control signal to charge the battery pack in a second charging mode.
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