CN114142231A - Low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
A low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna comprises an upper-layer dielectric slab, wherein a coupling antenna array and first, second and third open-ended resonant ring arrays are arranged on the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric slab, and fourth, fifth and sixth open-ended resonant ring arrays which are respectively symmetrical to the first, second and third open-ended resonant ring arrays are arranged on the lower surface of the upper-layer dielectric slab; the lower dielectric plate is positioned below the upper dielectric plate, the upper surface of the lower dielectric plate is provided with a feed antenna array, a seventh open resonant ring array, an eighth open resonant ring array and a ninth open resonant ring array, the lower surface of the lower dielectric plate is provided with a floor, the size and the shape of a feed patch unit in the feed antenna array are the same as those of a coupling patch unit in the coupling antenna array, and the feed patch unit feeds through a coaxial probe; the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate are separated by an air layer, and the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth open-ended resonant ring arrays on the upper dielectric plate and the seventh, eighth and ninth open-ended resonant ring arrays on the lower dielectric plate form a super-structured surface. The broadband antenna has the characteristics of low coupling and low profile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna based on a super-structure surface.
Background
In a broadband antenna having a plurality of array elements, coupling between the array elements is generally regarded as a main factor for deteriorating the performance of the antenna array, and particularly when the spacing between the array elements is small, the coupling between the array elements affects impedance matching, radiation patterns, side lobe levels, scanning characteristics, and the like of the antenna. Therefore, decoupling structures are usually loaded between the array elements to weaken the influence of coupling on the antenna performance, and thus coupling suppression is realized. The single negative characteristic of the super-structure surface is an effective means for coupling suppression, but most of the super-structure surfaces for coupling suppression are placed above the antenna array at present, which increases the profile height of the antenna, and the super-structure surface is rarely applied to the coupling suppression of the broadband antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna based on a super-structured surface.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna, comprising: the antenna comprises an upper-layer dielectric slab, wherein a coupling antenna array, a first open resonant ring array, a second open resonant ring array and a third open resonant ring array are arranged on the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric slab, and a fourth open resonant ring array, a fifth open resonant ring array and a sixth open resonant ring array which are respectively symmetrical to the first open resonant ring array, the second open resonant ring array and the third open resonant ring array are arranged on the lower surface of the upper-layer dielectric slab; the lower dielectric plate is positioned below the upper dielectric plate, the upper surface of the lower dielectric plate is provided with a feed antenna array, a seventh open resonant ring array, an eighth open resonant ring array and a ninth open resonant ring array, the lower surface of the lower dielectric plate is provided with a floor, the size and the shape of a feed patch unit in the feed antenna array are the same as the size and the shape of a coupling patch unit in the coupling antenna array, and the feed patch unit feeds power through a coaxial probe; the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate are separated by an air layer, and a first open resonant ring array, a second open resonant ring array, a third open resonant ring array, a fourth open resonant ring array, a fifth open resonant ring array and a sixth open resonant ring array on the upper dielectric plate and a seventh open resonant ring array, an eighth open resonant ring array and a ninth open resonant ring array on the lower dielectric plate form a super-structure surface.
Further, the coupling antenna array comprises a first coupling patch unit, a second coupling patch unit, a third coupling patch unit and a fourth coupling patch unit which are sequentially arranged on the upper-layer dielectric plate in a2 × 2 axisymmetric array form in a clockwise direction, and the first open-ended resonant ring array is arranged along the center line of the upper-layer dielectric plate in the width direction and is positioned between the adjacent coupling patch units in the length direction of the upper-layer dielectric plate; the second open-ended resonant ring array and the third open-ended resonant ring array are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first open-ended resonant ring array in the length direction of the upper-layer dielectric slab and between adjacent coupling patch units in the width direction of the upper-layer dielectric slab.
Furthermore, the first coupling patch unit, the second coupling patch unit, the third coupling patch unit and the fourth coupling patch unit are rectangular.
Furthermore, the feed antenna array comprises a first feed patch unit, a second feed patch unit, a third feed patch unit and a fourth feed patch unit which are sequentially arranged on the lower dielectric plate in a2 × 2 axisymmetric array form in a clockwise direction, and the seventh open-ended resonant ring array is arranged along the center line of the lower dielectric plate in the width direction and is positioned between the adjacent coupling patch units in the length direction of the lower dielectric plate; the eighth open-ended resonant ring array and the ninth open-ended resonant ring array are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the seventh open-ended resonant ring array in the length direction of the lower dielectric slab and between adjacent coupling patch units in the width direction of the lower dielectric slab.
Furthermore, the feeding points on the first feeding patch unit, the second feeding patch unit, the third feeding patch unit and the fourth feeding patch unit are respectively located on the central line of the length direction of each feeding patch unit and located at the lower part of each feeding patch unit.
Furthermore, each split ring array comprises a plurality of split ring pairs, each split ring pair is composed of two split rings symmetrically arranged, the split rings are arranged back to back, and the split rings have their openings facing the outer sides of the split ring pairs.
Furthermore, the size of the resonance ring of the first resonance ring array is different from the size of the resonance ring of the second resonance ring array and the resonance ring of the third resonance ring array; and the openings of the split resonance rings in the first split resonance ring array are arranged in the length direction of the upper-layer dielectric slab, and the openings of the split resonance rings in the second split resonance ring array and the third split resonance ring array are arranged in the width direction of the upper-layer dielectric slab.
Furthermore, the size of the open-ended resonant ring in the seventh open-ended resonant ring array is different from the size of the open-ended resonant ring in the eighth open-ended resonant ring array and the ninth open-ended resonant ring array; and the openings of the open-ended resonant rings in the seventh open-ended resonant ring array are arranged in the length direction of the lower-layer dielectric slab, and the openings of the open-ended resonant rings in the eighth open-ended resonant ring array and the ninth open-ended resonant ring array are arranged in the width direction of the lower-layer dielectric slab.
Furthermore, the open resonant ring is a square open resonant ring, and the arm of the open resonant ring opposite to the opening is shared by the two open resonant rings.
Further, the interval between the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate is 0.06 lambda0，λ0Is a sum of broadbandThe center frequency of the antenna corresponds to the wavelength.
According to the technical scheme, the broadband antenna is loaded with the super-structure surface for coupling suppression on the basis of the broadband double-layer coupling antenna array, the super-structure surface is formed by the three-layer open resonant ring array, all coupling among units can be reduced to be lower than minus 20dB within 24.5% of bandwidth through the loaded super-structure surface, the directional diagram is improved, the gain is improved, and the coupling suppression in the broadband is realized. Moreover, the super-structure surface and the antenna array are coplanar, the profile of the antenna is not increased, and the antenna has low profile characteristics.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic layout view of the upper surface of an upper dielectric plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a nanostructured surface unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a split ring pair according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic layout view of the top surface of a lower dielectric plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6a is a diagram of S parameter simulation results of a broadband antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6b is a diagram showing simulation results of relative permittivity and permeability of the broadband antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 7a to 7d are S of the antenna of the present embodiment and the comparative example antenna, respectively11、S21、S31And S41A graph of (a);
fig. 8 is a graph of gain versus gain for the first coupled patch element and coupled antenna array of the example and comparative example antennas;
FIGS. 9a and 9b are graphs comparing normalized radiation patterns at 4.6GHz and 5.4GHz for first coupled patch elements of an example antenna and a comparative antenna, respectively;
fig. 9c and 9d are graphs comparing normalized radiation patterns at 4.6GHz and 5.4GHz for fully fed antennas of the example and comparative examples, respectively.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustrating embodiments of the invention, the drawings showing the structure of the device are not to scale but are partly enlarged, and the schematic drawings are only examples, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It is to be noted, however, that the drawings are designed in a simplified form and are not to scale, but rather are to be construed in an attempt to more clearly and concisely illustrate embodiments of the present invention. Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated; the terms "front," "back," "bottom," "upper," "lower," and the like refer to an orientation or positional relationship relative to an orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is for convenience and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna of the present embodiment includes an upper dielectric plate 1 and a lower dielectric plate 2, where the upper dielectric plate 1 and the lower dielectric plate 2 are spaced from each other up and down, and the two dielectric plates are separated from each other by an air layer. As shown in fig. 2, a coupling antenna array, a first open resonator loop array a1, a second open resonator loop array a2, and a third open resonator loop array A3 are disposed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric plate 1, and a fourth open resonator loop array (not shown), a fifth open resonator loop array (not shown), and a sixth open resonator loop array (not shown) are disposed on the lower surface of the upper dielectric plate 1 and are respectively symmetric to the first open resonator loop array a1, the second open resonator loop array a2, and the third open resonator loop array A3. As shown in fig. 5, a feed antenna array, a seventh open resonator loop array B1, an eighth open resonator loop array B2, and a ninth open resonator loop array B3 are provided on the upper surface of the lower dielectric plate 2, and a floor (not shown) is provided on the lower surface of the lower dielectric plate 2, the size of the floor and the lower dielectric are the sameThe plates 2 are identical. In the present embodiment, the upper dielectric sheet 1 and the lower dielectric sheet 2 are each made of FR4 sheet having a dielectric constant of 4.3, a loss tangent of 0.002 and a thickness of 2mm, and the upper dielectric sheet 1 and the lower dielectric sheet 2 are separated from each other by an air layer of 4 mm. The interval between the two dielectric plates is used for controlling the coupling between the feed antenna and the coupling antenna so as to adjust the impedance matching of the antenna, and the interval between the two dielectric plates can be 0.06 lambda0，λ0The center frequency of the antenna of this embodiment is 5GHz for a wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna.
As shown in fig. 2, the coupled antenna array on the upper dielectric plate 1 includes 4 coupled patch units with the same size: the first coupling patch unit 3-1, the second coupling patch unit 3-2, the third coupling patch unit 3-3 and the fourth coupling patch unit 3-4 are sequentially arranged on the upper dielectric plate 1 in a2 x 2 axisymmetric array form in a clockwise direction, wherein the first coupling patch unit 3-1, the second coupling patch unit 3-2, the third coupling patch unit 3-3 and the fourth coupling patch unit 3-4 are sequentially arranged on the upper dielectric plate 1. The length and width of the coupling patch units of this embodiment are 14.2mm × 11mm (in fig. 2, the dimension in the x-axis direction is the width dimension, and the dimension in the y-axis direction is the length dimension), the distance between adjacent coupling patch units in the x-axis direction is 11mm, the distance between adjacent coupling patch units in the y-axis direction is 15mm, that is, the distance between the first coupling patch unit 3-1 and the second coupling patch unit 3-2 and the distance between the third coupling patch unit 3-3 and the fourth coupling patch unit 3-4 are 11mm, the distance between the first coupling patch unit 3-1 and the fourth coupling patch unit 3-4 and the distance between the second coupling patch unit 3-2 and the third coupling patch unit 3-3 are 15mm, and thus, the edge distance is only 0.25 λ0And 0.18 λ0. The first open resonator ring array a1 is disposed along a center line L1 in the width direction (direction parallel to the x-axis) of the upper dielectric board 1 and located between the coupling patch elements adjacent to each other in the y-axis direction, the first coupling patch element 3-1 and the second coupling patch element 3-2 are located on the same side of the first open resonator ring array a1, and the third coupling patch element 3-3 and the fourth coupling patch element 3-4 are located on the other side of the first open resonator ring array a 1. Second split resonant Ring array A2 and third splitThe resonant ring arrays A3 have the same structure, and are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the first split resonant ring array a1 along the length direction of the upper dielectric slab 1 and located between the adjacent coupling patch units in the x-axis direction, that is, taking the direction shown in fig. 2 as an example, the second split resonant ring array a2 and the third split resonant ring array A3 are symmetrically disposed on the upper and lower sides of the first split resonant ring array a1, the second split resonant ring array a2 is located between the first coupling patch unit 3-1 and the second coupling patch unit 3-2, and the third split resonant ring array A3 is located between the third coupling patch unit 3-3 and the fourth coupling patch unit 3-4. The split resonant ring array on the upper surface of the upper dielectric slab 1 and the split resonant ring array on the lower surface thereof are symmetrically arranged, that is, the fourth split resonant ring array and the first split resonant ring array a1 are symmetrically arranged, the fifth split resonant ring array and the second split resonant ring array a2 are symmetrically arranged, and the sixth split resonant ring array and the third split resonant ring array A3 are symmetrically arranged.
Each split resonant ring array comprises a plurality of split resonant ring pairs. Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, each split resonant ring pair is composed of two symmetrically arranged split resonant rings, the two split resonant rings are arranged back to back, and the split q of the split resonant ring faces to the outer side of the split resonant ring pair. The split ring of this embodiment is a square split ring, and the arm of the split ring opposite to the split q is shared by two split rings, but in other embodiments, split rings of other shapes such as triangle, circle, ellipse, etc. may also be used. The size of the resonance ring of the first split resonance ring array A1 is different from the size of the resonance ring of the split resonance rings of the second split resonance ring array A2 and the third split resonance ring array A3. The openings of the split resonant rings in the first split resonant ring array a1 are arranged in the length direction of the upper-layer dielectric slab 1, and the openings of the split resonant rings in the second split resonant ring array a2 and the third split resonant ring array A3 are arranged in the width direction of the upper-layer dielectric slab 1.
Taking the dimensions of the respective parts of the split ring resonator shown in fig. 4 as an example, the dimensions of the split ring pairs in the first split ring array (fourth split ring array) of the present embodiment are respectively: a is 2mm, b is 0.1mm, c is 1.8mm, g is 0.4mm, and w is 0.2 mm; the sizes of the open-ended resonant ring pairs in the second and third open-ended resonant ring arrays (fifth and sixth open-ended resonant ring arrays) are respectively as follows: a is 2.5mm, b is 0.15mm, c is 0.4mm, g is 0.8mm, and w is 0.2 mm. The first split resonant ring array a1 has 11 × 3 split resonant ring pairs, and the second split resonant ring array a2 and the third split resonant ring array A3 each have 5 × 2 split resonant ring pairs.
As shown in fig. 5, the feed antenna array on the lower dielectric plate 2 includes 4 feed patch elements with the same size: the first feed patch unit 4-1, the second feed patch unit 4-2, the third feed patch unit 4-3 and the fourth feed patch unit 4-4, the first feed patch unit 4-1, the second feed patch unit 4-2, the third feed patch unit 4-3 and the fourth feed patch unit 4-4 correspond to the first coupling patch unit 3-1, the second coupling patch unit 3-2, the third coupling patch unit 3-3 and the fourth coupling patch unit 3-4 in position respectively, and are sequentially arranged on the lower dielectric plate 2 in a2 x 2 axisymmetric array form in the clockwise direction. The size and shape of the feed patch unit are the same as those of the coupling patch unit. The feeding patch units are fed by coaxial probes, a feeding point a is positioned on a central line of each feeding patch unit in the length direction and positioned at the lower part of each feeding patch unit, and the distance between the feeding point a and the bottom edge of each feeding patch unit is 2.2 mm. The seventh open resonator loop array B1 is disposed along the center line L2 in the width direction of the lower dielectric plate 2 and located between the adjacent feed patch elements in the y-axis direction, that is, the first feed patch element 4-1 and the second feed patch element 4-2 are located on the same side of the seventh open resonator loop array B1, and the third feed patch element 4-3 and the fourth feed patch element 4-4 are located on the other side of the seventh open resonator loop array B1. The eighth split resonant ring array B2 and the ninth split resonant ring array B3 have the same structure, and are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the seventh split resonant ring array B1 along the length direction of the lower dielectric plate 2 and located between the adjacent feeding patch units in the x-axis direction, that is, taking the direction shown in fig. 5 as an example, the eighth split resonant ring array B2 and the ninth split resonant ring array B3 are symmetrically disposed on the upper and lower sides of the seventh split resonant ring array B1, the eighth split resonant ring array B2 is located between the first feeding patch unit 4-1 and the second feeding patch unit 4-2, and the ninth split resonant ring array B3 is located between the third feeding patch unit 4-3 and the fourth feeding patch unit 4-4. The array of open-ended resonant rings on the upper and lower dielectric slabs forms a super-structured surface of the wideband antenna, and on the super-structured surface, two open-ended resonant ring pairs corresponding to the surfaces on both sides of the upper dielectric slab 1 and a corresponding open-ended resonant ring pair on the lower dielectric slab 2 form a super-structured surface unit (see fig. 3). The opening direction of the pair of open-ended resonance rings in the array of open-ended resonance rings on the lower dielectric plate 2 is the same as the opening direction of the pair of open-ended resonance rings in the array of open-ended resonance rings on the upper dielectric plate 1. The seventh split resonant ring array B1 has 11 × 3 split resonant ring pairs, and the eighth split resonant ring array B2 and the ninth split resonant ring array B3 each have 5 × 2 split resonant ring pairs.
For a binary array arranged along the y-axis, when one of the array elements is excited and the other array element is connected to a 50 Ω matched load, for the non-excited array element, the coupling mainly originates from the y-component of the electric field along the y-axis
To reduce coupling between the elements, the electromagnetic wave propagating along the y-axis should be evanescent. Thus, the relative permittivity and permeability should be one negative and the other positive, i.e.. epsilon.r<0，μr>0 or epsilonr>0，μr<0. Therefore, it is desirable to design a metamaterial surface with a single negative characteristic.
In this embodiment, the size of the open-ended resonant ring in the open-ended resonant ring array on the lower dielectric plate 2 is set to be larger than the size of the open-ended resonant ring in the open-ended resonant ring array on the upper dielectric plate 1, so that the open-ended resonant ring arrays on the upper and lower dielectric plates form a super-structured surface with a single negative characteristic. The sizes of the open resonant rings in the seventh open resonant ring array of this embodiment are respectively: a is 4.5mm, b is 0.1mm, c is 1.8mm, g is 0mm, and w is 0.2 mm; the sizes of the eighth and ninth open-ended resonant rings are respectively: a is 4.5mm, b is 0.1mm, c is 0.8mm, g is 0.2mm, and w is 0.2 mm.
In order to verify the effect of the antenna of the present inventionThe electromagnetic simulation software HFSS is used to simulate the super-structure surface unit of the broadband antenna in this embodiment, and the simulation parameters are as follows: the simulation was performed by using a waveguide transmission method, in which ideal electric walls (PEC) were disposed along the left and right sides of the x-axis, ideal magnetic walls (PMC) were disposed along the upper and lower sides of the z-axis, and waveguide ports were disposed along the two ends of the y-axis for excitation, and S-parameters obtained by simulating the periodic structure were shown in FIG. 6a as relative dielectric constant (. epsilon.) (S-parameter)r) And magnetic permeability (mu)r) As shown in FIG. 6b, the S parameter is a scattering parameter, including the reflection coefficient S11And a transmission coefficient S12Re (. epsilon.) in FIG. 6br) And Im (. epsilon.)r) Respectively representing the real and imaginary parts of the relative dielectric constant, Re (. mu.)r) And Im (μ)r) Respectively representing the real part and the imaginary part of the magnetic permeability, and determining the single negative characteristic of the unit by judging the positive and negative of the real parts of the magnetic permeability and the imaginary part of the magnetic permeability. As can be seen from FIGS. 6a and 6b, the metamaterial surface unit of the present embodiment excites a dual-frequency response, and the relative permittivity is positive and the permeability is negative in the frequency bands of 4.64 to 4.76GHz and 5.16 to 5.76GHz, indicating that the metamaterial surface unit is single negative. Meanwhile, the two frequency bands are close to each other, so that the broadband antenna array can be decoupled.
Coupling suppression can be realized by loading the open resonant ring array (the super-structure surface) between the radiation patch unit and the feed patch unit, and the size of the open resonant ring pair is adjusted to obtain the optimal decoupling effect. The super-structure surface formed by the open resonant ring array is coplanar with the radiation patch unit and the feed patch unit, so that the section height of the antenna is not increased, and compared with the situation that the section is increased by arranging most of the super-structure surface for coupling suppression above the antenna array, the broadband antenna has the characteristic of low section and the height of only 0.13 lambda0。
In order to verify the decoupling capacity of the metamaterial surface, a pair of proportional broadband antennas are arranged for comparison, and the broadband antennas of the comparative examples are identical to the broadband antennas of the embodiment except that the metamaterial surface consisting of the array of the split resonant rings is not arranged. Since the array of coupling patches is an axisymmetric structure, the first coupling patch unit is used for analysis. FIGS. 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d show the antenna of the present embodiment, respectivelyAnd S of the comparative example antenna11、S21、S31And S41Curve w.o. of the comparative example antenna, curve w.of the example antenna, S11Is the reflection coefficient, S21、S31、S41Is the transmission coefficient (also referred to as the coupling coefficient). As can be seen from FIG. 7a, the working bandwidth of the antenna of the embodiment is expanded from 22.0% (4.46-5.56 GHz) to 24.5% (4.36-5.58 GHz) by loading the metamaterial surface. And as can be seen from the coupling coefficients associated with the first coupled patch element (fig. 7b, 7c and 7d), the coupling coefficients (S) between adjacent array elements in the coupled patch array are within the operating frequency band21And S41) Coupling coefficient (S) between non-adjacent array elements31) All the antenna elements are reduced to be below-20 dB, and compared with the comparative antenna, the isolation is greatly improved, and the antenna is more obvious at low frequency.
Fig. 8 is a graph showing a gain comparison between the first coupled patch element and the coupled antenna array of the example antenna and the comparative example antenna (curve w.o. in the figure is a curve of the comparative example antenna, and curve w. is a curve of the example antenna). As can be seen from fig. 8, by loading the metamaterial surface, whether the gain of the coupled patch element or the gain of the coupled antenna array, the example antenna is increased relative to the comparative example antenna.
Fig. 9a and 9b are comparison diagrams of normalized radiation patterns of the first coupling patch element of the present embodiment and the reference antenna array at 4.6GHz and 5.4GHz, respectively, and it can be seen from fig. 9a and 9b that before decoupling, both patterns of the first coupling patch element of the comparison example deviate from the main radiation direction, but by decoupling, the pattern of the first coupling patch element of the embodiment is corrected to the main radiation direction. Fig. 9c and 9d are comparative plots of normalized radiation patterns at 4.6GHz and 5.4GHz for full feed of the example and comparative antennas, respectively, with the patterns of the example antenna maintaining a better shape.
From the simulation results, the invention has the advantages that the bandwidth of the antenna array is improved, the coupling is inhibited, the gain is improved, the directional diagram is corrected, the antenna has the characteristics of broadband, low coupling and low section, and the super-structure surface formed by the open resonant ring array can be effectively decoupled for the two-dimensional antenna array.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna, comprising:
the antenna comprises an upper-layer dielectric slab, wherein a coupling antenna array, a first open resonant ring array, a second open resonant ring array and a third open resonant ring array are arranged on the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric slab, and a fourth open resonant ring array, a fifth open resonant ring array and a sixth open resonant ring array which are respectively symmetrical to the first open resonant ring array, the second open resonant ring array and the third open resonant ring array are arranged on the lower surface of the upper-layer dielectric slab;
the lower dielectric plate is positioned below the upper dielectric plate, the upper surface of the lower dielectric plate is provided with a feed antenna array, a seventh open resonant ring array, an eighth open resonant ring array and a ninth open resonant ring array, the lower surface of the lower dielectric plate is provided with a floor, the size and the shape of a feed patch unit in the feed antenna array are the same as the size and the shape of a coupling patch unit in the coupling antenna array, and the feed patch unit feeds power through a coaxial probe;
the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate are separated by an air layer, and a first open resonant ring array, a second open resonant ring array, a third open resonant ring array, a fourth open resonant ring array, a fifth open resonant ring array and a sixth open resonant ring array on the upper dielectric plate and a seventh open resonant ring array, an eighth open resonant ring array and a ninth open resonant ring array on the lower dielectric plate form a super-structure surface.
2. The low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna of claim 1, wherein: the coupling antenna array comprises a first coupling patch unit, a second coupling patch unit, a third coupling patch unit and a fourth coupling patch unit which are sequentially arranged on the upper-layer dielectric slab in a2 x 2 axisymmetric array form in a clockwise direction, and the first open-ended resonant ring array is arranged along the center line of the upper-layer dielectric slab in the width direction and is positioned between the adjacent coupling patch units in the length direction of the upper-layer dielectric slab; the second open-ended resonant ring array and the third open-ended resonant ring array are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first open-ended resonant ring array in the length direction of the upper-layer dielectric slab and between adjacent coupling patch units in the width direction of the upper-layer dielectric slab.
3. The low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna of claim 2, wherein: the first coupling patch unit, the second coupling patch unit, the third coupling patch unit and the fourth coupling patch unit are rectangular.
4. The low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna of claim 1, wherein: the feed antenna array comprises a first feed patch unit, a second feed patch unit, a third feed patch unit and a fourth feed patch unit which are sequentially arranged on the lower dielectric plate in a2 x 2 axisymmetric array form in a clockwise direction, and the seventh open-ended resonant ring array is arranged along the center line of the lower dielectric plate in the width direction and is positioned between the adjacent coupling patch units in the length direction of the lower dielectric plate; the eighth open-ended resonant ring array and the ninth open-ended resonant ring array are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the seventh open-ended resonant ring array in the length direction of the lower dielectric slab and between adjacent coupling patch units in the width direction of the lower dielectric slab.
5. The low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna of claim 4, wherein: and feeding points on the first feeding patch unit, the second feeding patch unit, the third feeding patch unit and the fourth feeding patch unit are respectively positioned on the central line of the length direction of each feeding patch unit and positioned at the lower part of each feeding patch unit.
6. The low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: each split ring array comprises a plurality of split ring pairs, each split ring pair is composed of two split rings which are symmetrically arranged, the split rings are arranged back to back, and the openings of the split rings face the outer sides of the split ring pairs.
7. The low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna of claim 6, wherein: the size of the open-ended resonant ring in the first open-ended resonant ring array is different from the size of the open-ended resonant ring in the second open-ended resonant ring array and the third open-ended resonant ring array; and the openings of the split resonance rings in the first split resonance ring array are arranged in the length direction of the upper-layer dielectric slab, and the openings of the split resonance rings in the second split resonance ring array and the third split resonance ring array are arranged in the width direction of the upper-layer dielectric slab.
8. The low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna of claim 6, wherein: the size of the open-ended resonant ring in the seventh open-ended resonant ring array is different from the size of the open-ended resonant ring in the eighth open-ended resonant ring array and the ninth open-ended resonant ring array; and the openings of the open-ended resonant rings in the seventh open-ended resonant ring array are arranged in the length direction of the lower-layer dielectric slab, and the openings of the open-ended resonant rings in the eighth open-ended resonant ring array and the ninth open-ended resonant ring array are arranged in the width direction of the lower-layer dielectric slab.
9. The low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna of claim 6, wherein: the opening resonant ring is a square opening resonant ring, and the arm of the opening resonant ring opposite to the opening is shared by the two opening resonant rings.
10. The low-coupling low-profile broadband antenna of claim 1, wherein: the interval between the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate is 0.06 lambda0，λ0At a wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the broadband antenna.
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