CN114140991A - On-line monitoring and early warning method, system and device for galloping of high-voltage power transmission line - Google Patents
On-line monitoring and early warning method, system and device for galloping of high-voltage power transmission line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method, a system and a device for on-line monitoring and early warning of galloping of a high-voltage transmission line, wherein the method comprises the following steps: calculating A, B the length L of the transmission line between two suspension points before galloping according to the curve equation of the deflection of the transmission line before galloping0(ii) a Calculating A, B the length L of the power transmission line between two suspension points when the power transmission line waves according to the line deflection curve equation when the power transmission line waves; mixing L and L0Substituting Hooke's law to calculate the maximum value of the horizontal tension variation when the transmission line waves; calculating the maximum total tension according to the horizontal tension of the lead when the lead is static, the maximum value of the variation of the horizontal tension, the vertical tension component of the high suspension point and the maximum value of the vertical tension component; and finally, judging whether the maximum total tension exceeds the maximum value of the tension born by the overhead transmission line, and alarming if the maximum total tension exceeds the maximum value of the tension born by the overhead transmission line. The method is free from temperature influenceThe influence of other factors further improves the accuracy of monitoring and early warning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of on-line monitoring, in particular to a method, a system and a device for on-line monitoring and early warning of galloping of a high-voltage power transmission line.
Background
In a power transmission line, when the power transmission line is subjected to a lateral velocity wind load, an acceleration motion is generated, and the line is also subjected to an aerodynamic moment to generate a large distortion. Conductor waving occurs when the frequency of the torsional movement is synchronized with the frequency of its vertical movement. At present, the mechanism of conductor galloping is not completely clear, and meanwhile, the technology is not advanced enough, so that the measures for preventing the conductor galloping are not finished yet. However, as can be seen from the repeatability of conductor waving, the waving of the transmission line is mainly performed on a certain period basis. The twisting operation of the wire is the main cause of the waving. When a large amplitude wire is waved, it will develop a twisting motion in the same period. As for the energy absorbed by the wire itself, the proportion of the energy absorbed by the insulator, the terminal, and other hardware is very small, and a waving situation is easily generated. The greater the tension of the wire, the less energy it itself absorbs, and thus the more advantageous the formation and development of a waving condition.
Hazards of waving: (1) mechanical damage: firstly, the bolt is loosened and even falls off: the condition that the transmission line waves causes the loosening, abrasion and even shearing of the main material joint of the tension tower and the cross arm fastening bolt, so that the stress condition of the iron tower is seriously influenced. Secondly, the hardware, the insulator and the jumper wire are damaged in different degrees: due to the mechanical action of conductor galloping, the existing insulator steel feet with internal insulation damage or mechanical damage are broken, and the condition of disconnection and power failure is caused. Thirdly, strand breaking and wire breaking of the conducting wire: the alternating stress of the lead generated by the waving causes the damage of the lead or the abrasion of a lead hardware fitting, and the lead is broken. (2) Electrical failure: the conditions of inter-phase tripping and flashover occur: the conductor galloping causes the gaps of the conductors to become smaller, and then the problem of short circuit between phases is caused to occur. In an electric power system, the biggest harm caused by conductor galloping of a 66kV transmission line is interphase short circuit tripping, and the conductor is easy to cause serious burn. The phase-to-ground tripping condition occurs: the wire waving also causes the gap between the wire and the ground wire to be reduced, and finally causes the damage of phase-to-ground short circuit to occur.
Once the conductor galloping condition is formed, the conductor galloping condition may generally last for several hours, so that the conductor galloping condition can cause very large damage to the high-voltage transmission line, and the conductor galloping condition poses the most direct threat to the operation safety of the transmission line. Therefore, the method plays an important role in the conductor galloping technology based on the sensor technology in the online monitoring process of the high-voltage transmission line. Therefore, before the conductor galloping problem occurs in the power transmission line, the conductor galloping problem needs to be discovered in time and effective early warning measures need to be taken, so that the problem deterioration is avoided.
At present, the power transmission line galloping on-line monitoring system mainly adopts three methods based on an acceleration sensor technology, an optical fiber sensor technology and an image processing technology. The galloping on-line monitoring system based on the acceleration sensor mainly utilizes the acceleration sensor arranged on a line to measure line galloping signals, the measurement results are comprehensively processed by a control center, and corresponding processing results are sent out. The optical fiber sensor has the characteristics of good insulativity, anti-electromagnetic interference capability, high sensitivity, small nonlinear error and the like, and is suitable for being applied to working in environments of high voltage, strong electromagnetic interference, strong corrosion and the like, so that the optical fiber sensor has good development prospect in the online monitoring technology research of the galloping of the power transmission line. Usually, a plurality of optical fiber sensors are uniformly distributed on a transmission conductor to form a quasi-distributed optical fiber sensor network, the load change of the transmission line is transmitted into an optical fiber grating through a metal plate, and the acquired stress and temperature information is transmitted to an upper computer control center to be comprehensively processed by the control center. The problems of temperature interference on measurement, sensor arrangement, signal transmission and the like of the existing optical fiber sensor applied to the power transmission line galloping on-line monitoring system still exist. The on-line monitoring system for the power transmission line galloping adopts an image processing technology, a camera is arranged near a line, image information of the line galloping is obtained in real time or at regular time, the image information is transmitted to an upper computer control center through a wireless network, the control center analyzes and processes the image information of the line galloping, an early warning level is obtained, and the image processing technology is complex to operate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method, a system and a device for monitoring and early warning the galloping of a high-voltage transmission line on line so as to improve the accuracy of monitoring and early warning.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides an on-line monitoring and early warning method for the galloping of a high-voltage transmission line, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: constructing a deflection curve equation of the power transmission line before galloping according to an inclined parabolic method;
step S2: constructing a galloping displacement equation when the power transmission line gallows;
step S3: calculating a line deflection curve equation when the power transmission line waves according to the power transmission line deflection curve equation before waves and the wave displacement equation;
step S4: calculating A, B the length L of the power transmission line between the two suspension points before galloping according to the curve equation of the deflection of the power transmission line before galloping0；
Step S5: calculating A, B the length L of the power transmission line between two suspension points when the power transmission line waves according to the line deflection curve equation when the power transmission line waves;
step S6: mixing L and L0Substituting Hooke's law to calculate maximum value delta T of horizontal tension variation of power transmission line during galloping0_max；
Step S7: calculating the vertical tension component T of the high suspension pointByAnd the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_max；
Step S8: according to static time-guidingHorizontal tension T of wire0Maximum value of horizontal tension variation amount Δ T0_maxVertical tension component T of high suspension pointByAnd the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_maxCalculating the maximum total tension T;
step S9: judging whether the maximum total tension T exceeds the maximum value F of the tension born by the overhead transmission linemax(ii) a If the maximum total tension T exceeds FmaxThen alarming is carried out; if the maximum total tension T does not exceed FmaxThen no alarm is needed.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
calculating the distance D between the two lines;
judging whether the distance D between the two lines is less than the safety distance D between the liness(ii) a If the distance D between the two lines is smaller than the safety distance D between the linessThen alarming is carried out; if the distance D between the two lines is larger than or equal to the safe distance D between the linessAnd no alarm is given.
Optionally, the constructing a galloping displacement equation during galloping of the power transmission line specifically includes:
step S21: acquiring the simulated horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment by adopting an acceleration sensing technology;
step S22: converting the simulated horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment into discrete horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment;
step S23: and fitting the discrete horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment to obtain a galloping displacement equation when the power transmission line gallops.
Optionally, the maximum value Δ T of the horizontal tension variation during the galloping of the power transmission line is calculated0_maxThe concrete formula of (1) is as follows:
wherein A is0Representing the amplitude of the line galloping, n representing the wavenumber of the galloping half waves, W representing the weight per unit length of the line galloping, l representing the span, omega representing the angular frequency of the galloping, beta representing the heightAngle of degree difference, T0Representing the horizontal tension, k, of the wire at restcDenotes the intermediate parameter, kc＝EA/L0E represents the overall modulus of elasticity of the line, A represents the cross-sectional area of the line at rest under normal conditions, and L0And the length of the power transmission line before galloping when the power transmission line is static is shown.
Optionally, the maximum value Δ T of the vertical tension component of the high suspension point is calculatedBy_maxThe concrete formula of (1) is as follows:
wherein A is0Representing the amplitude of the line galloping, n representing the wavenumber of the galloping half waves, W representing the weight per unit length of the line galloping, l representing the span, omega representing the angular frequency of the galloping, beta representing the altitude difference angle, T0Representing the horizontal tension, k, of the wire at restcDenotes the intermediate parameter, kc＝EA/L0E represents the overall modulus of elasticity of the line, A represents the cross-sectional area of the line at rest under normal conditions, and L0And the length of the power transmission line before galloping when the power transmission line is static is shown.
The invention also provides an on-line monitoring and early warning system for the galloping of the high-voltage transmission line, which comprises:
the first deflection curve equation building module is used for building a deflection curve equation of the power transmission line before galloping according to an inclined parabolic method;
the galloping displacement equation building module is used for building a galloping displacement equation when the power transmission line gallows;
the second deflection curve equation building module is used for calculating a line deflection curve equation when the power transmission line waves according to the pre-galloping power transmission line deflection curve equation and the galloping displacement equation;
the pre-galloping length determination module of the power transmission line is used for calculating A, B pre-galloping length L of the power transmission line between two suspension points according to the pre-galloping power transmission line deflection curve equation0；
The length determining module during the galloping of the power transmission line is used for calculating A, B the length L during the galloping of the power transmission line between two suspension points according to the curve equation of the line deflection during the galloping of the power transmission line;
a maximum horizontal tension variation determining module for determining L and L0Substituting Hooke's law to calculate maximum value delta T of horizontal tension variation of power transmission line during galloping0_max；
A maximum vertical tension variation determining module for calculating the vertical tension component T of the high suspension pointByAnd the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_max；
A maximum total tension determining module for determining the horizontal tension T of the conductor at rest0Maximum value of horizontal tension variation amount Δ T0_maxVertical tension component T of high suspension pointByAnd the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_maxCalculating the maximum total tension T;
a first judging module for judging whether the maximum total tension T exceeds the maximum value F of the tension born by the overhead transmission linemax(ii) a If the maximum total tension T exceeds FmaxThen alarming is carried out; if the maximum total tension T does not exceed FmaxThen no alarm is needed.
Optionally, the system further comprises:
the distance calculation module is used for calculating the distance D between the two lines;
a second judging module for judging whether the distance D between the two lines is less than the safety distance D between the liness(ii) a If the distance D between the two lines is smaller than the safety distance D between the linessThen alarming is carried out; if the distance D between the two lines is larger than or equal to the safe distance D between the linessAnd no alarm is given.
Optionally, the galloping displacement equation building module specifically includes:
the simulation displacement determining unit is used for acquiring the simulated horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment by adopting an acceleration sensing technology;
the discrete displacement determining unit is used for converting the simulated horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement at each moment into discrete horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment;
and the galloping displacement equation determining unit is used for fitting the discrete horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment to obtain a galloping displacement equation when the power transmission line gallops.
Optionally, the maximum value Δ T of the horizontal tension variation during the galloping of the power transmission line is calculated0_maxThe concrete formula of (1) is as follows:
wherein A is0Representing the amplitude of the line galloping, n representing the wavenumber of the galloping half waves, W representing the weight per unit length of the line galloping, l representing the span, omega representing the angular frequency of the galloping, beta representing the altitude difference angle, T0Representing the horizontal tension, k, of the wire at restcDenotes the intermediate parameter, kc＝EA/L0E represents the overall modulus of elasticity of the line, A represents the cross-sectional area of the line at rest under normal conditions, and L0And the length of the power transmission line before galloping when the power transmission line is static is shown.
The invention also provides an on-line monitoring and early warning device for the galloping of the high-voltage transmission line, which comprises:
acceleration sensors for measuring the acceleration and angular velocity of the wire in X, Y, Z three directions;
and the singlechip is connected with the acceleration sensor and is used for early warning by adopting the method.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides a method, a system and a device for online monitoring and early warning of galloping of a high-voltage transmission line, wherein in the process of establishing a galloping hazard early warning criterion, a relational expression for calculating the maximum total tension T is deduced according to Hooke's law in consideration of the fact that the main reason of galloping hazard is that the tension of a galloping line is too large, and finally, whether the maximum total tension T exceeds the maximum value of the tension born by an overhead transmission line is judged, and a line tension criterion is established. The method is not influenced by other factors such as temperature and the like, so that the accuracy of monitoring and early warning can be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the on-line monitoring and early warning method for the galloping of the high-voltage transmission line;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a power transmission line lower oblique parabola of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an acceleration sensor installation according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the transmission line waving phase spacing according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of the on-line monitoring and early warning system for the galloping of the high-voltage transmission line;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the structure of the on-line monitoring and early warning device for the galloping of the high-voltage transmission line;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the detection apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a method, a system and a device for monitoring and early warning the galloping of a high-voltage transmission line on line so as to improve the accuracy of monitoring and early warning.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses an on-line monitoring and early warning method for galloping of a high-voltage transmission line, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: and constructing a deflection curve equation of the power transmission line before galloping according to an inclined parabolic method.
Step S2: and constructing a galloping displacement equation when the power transmission line gallows.
Step S3: and calculating a line deflection curve equation when the power transmission line waves according to the pre-galloping power transmission line deflection curve equation and the galloping displacement equation.
Step S4: calculating A, B the length L of the power transmission line between the two suspension points before galloping according to the curve equation of the deflection of the power transmission line before galloping0。
Step S5: and calculating A, B the length L of the power transmission line between the two suspension points when the power transmission line waves according to the line deflection curve equation when the power transmission line waves.
Step S6: mixing L and L0Substituting Hooke's law to calculate maximum value delta T of horizontal tension variation of power transmission line during galloping0_max。
Step S7: calculating the vertical tension component T of the high suspension pointByAnd the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_max。
Step S8: according to the horizontal tension T of the conductor at rest0Maximum value of horizontal tension variation amount Δ T0_maxVertical tension component T of high suspension pointByAnd the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_maxThe maximum total tension T is calculated.
Step S9: judging whether the maximum total tension T exceeds the maximum value F of the tension born by the overhead transmission linemax(ii) a If the maximum total tension T exceeds FmaxThen alarming is carried out; if the maximum total tension T does not exceed FmaxThen no alarm is needed.
The individual steps are discussed in detail below:
according to data statistics of galloping accidents of the power transmission line, galloping often causes disconnection of the overhead power transmission line and hardware damage, and the reason is that the tension of the line caused by galloping exceeds the maximum tension value which can be borne by the line during galloping, so that the establishment of the tension criterion of the galloping of the power transmission line is beneficial to timely discovery of galloping and possible damage accidents caused by the galloping.
Because the frequency of the power transmission line galloping is low (0.1-3 Hz), the elastic deformation of the line is slow in one galloping period, the inertia force of any node of the line moving along the line length direction is neglected, the line tension change generated during the galloping of the power transmission line and the line length change caused by the galloping are within the line elastic range of the material, and therefore the line tension change can be calculated according to the Hooke's law.
As shown in FIG. 2, the length of the power transmission line before galloping is set to be L when the power transmission line is static0M; the line length after galloping is L, m; the comprehensive elastic modulus of the line is E, Pa; the cross section area of the line is A, m when the line is normally static2(ii) a The variation of the line tension before and after the waving is delta T, N. The solid line part AB in fig. 2, the span is set to l, m; the height difference of the suspension points of the circuit is hABM; the height difference angle is beta; line suspension point A, B has a tension TA、TBN; the horizontal tension of the conductor is T at rest0N; the vertical tension component of the suspension point of the wire is TAy、TByN; the static displacement of the transmission line before galloping is y0(x) M; the weight per unit length when the line is waved is W, N/m.
Step S1: the method comprises the following steps of constructing a deflection curve equation of the power transmission line before galloping according to an inclined parabolic method, wherein the concrete formula is as follows:
wherein, y0(x) Representing the static displacement of the transmission line before galloping, beta representing the altitude difference angle, x representing the horizontal length, T0The horizontal tension of the wire at rest is shown, and W is the weight per unit length when the wire is waved.
Step S2: constructing a galloping displacement equation when the power transmission line gallows, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
wherein S (x, t) represents the galloping displacement equation, A0Is the waving amplitude, n is the waving half wave number, ω is the waving angular frequency, and t is the waving time.
In the event of galloping accidents of the power transmission line, the most common harm is that interphase flicker is caused by insufficient interphase air gaps, so the galloping amplitude reflecting the size of the galloping range is used as an important characteristic parameter of galloping. In addition, the maximum value of the line tension during galloping is positively correlated with the galloping amplitude, and the greater the galloping amplitude is, the greater the line tension is.
When the power transmission line is waved by the waving half-wave number, the waving half-wave number has a large influence on the waveform of the line waving. The number of common waving half waves observed at present is mainly less than 4, although more than 5 waving half waves can also appear, the waving amplitude is usually small, and serious harm is difficult to be caused to a power transmission line, so that the waving amplitude is generally not considered.
The galloping frequency of the power transmission line is usually between 0.1 Hz and 3Hz, and the tension of the line is different under different galloping frequencies. Under laboratory conditions, the measurement of the line galloping frequency can be measured by a tension sensor, and the measurement needs to be obtained by analyzing other measurement signals on an actual line or performing corresponding approximate calculation.
The transmission line galloping on-line monitoring adopts an acceleration sensor technology, as shown in fig. 3, considering that the influence of torsional motion on the amplitude of the line galloping is small when the transmission line gallows, and the galloping is mainly represented by motion in the horizontal direction (X) and the vertical direction (Y).
Setting the horizontal initial speed of the transmission line as Vx0The horizontal velocity at the time m/s, t is Vx(t), m/s; horizontal initial displacement of Sx0M; horizontal displacement at time t is Sx(t), m; horizontal acceleration at time t is ax(t)，m/s2。
Step S2: the method for constructing the galloping displacement equation during galloping of the power transmission line specifically comprises the following steps:
step S21: the method comprises the following steps of acquiring simulated horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment by adopting an acceleration sensing technology, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
wherein, Vx0Representing the horizontal initial speed of the transmission line, m/s; vx(t) represents the horizontal velocity at time t, m/s; sx0Represents the horizontal initial displacement, m; sx(t) represents the simulated horizontal displacement at time t, m; a isx(t) represents a horizontal acceleration at time t of m/s2；Vy0Representing the horizontal initial speed of the transmission line, m/s; vy(t) represents the horizontal velocity at time t, m/s; sy0Represents the horizontal initial displacement, m; sy(t) represents the simulated horizontal displacement at time t, m; a isy(t) represents a horizontal acceleration at time t of m/s2。
In actual measurement, a continuous analog signal is converted into a discrete digital signal, and a small time interval Δ t, called a sampling time interval, exists between two measurement signals. Therefore, when calculating the displacement of the measuring point on the line, the continuous integration cannot be performed by the above method, but the successive accumulation operation is performed on the sampling signal in consideration of the characteristics of the discrete signal.
Taking the horizontal direction as an example, setting the sampling time interval to be delta t, s; horizontal initial displacement of Sx0M, horizontal initial velocity is Vx0M/s, horizontal initial acceleration a0，m/s2Acceleration at the k-th time is ax(k)，m/s2(ii) a Velocity at time k is Vx(k) M/s, k isThe displacement of the scale is Sx(k) M, average acceleration from time k-1 to time k
The average velocity from the k-1 th time to the k-th time is
Step S22: converting the simulated horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment into discrete horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment, which specifically comprises the following steps:
discretizing the simulated horizontal speed and horizontal displacement at each moment by the following specific formula:
wherein, Δ t is a sampling time interval, s; vx(k) For the horizontal velocity, m/S, S, discrete at time kx(k) The discrete horizontal displacement at time k, m,
is the discrete average acceleration from the k-1 th moment to the k-th moment, m/s2，
Is the discrete average speed from the k-1 th moment to the k-th moment, m/s.
Considering that in actual measurement, the frequency of the sampling signal is far greater than the frequency of the power transmission line waving, it can be approximately considered that:
wherein S isx0For discrete horizontal initial displacements, m, Sx(k) For discrete horizontal displacement at time k, m, Vx0At discrete horizontal initial velocities, m/s, Vx(k) Horizontal velocity, m/s, a, discrete at time kx0For discrete horizontal initial accelerations, m/s2，ax(k) For discrete horizontal acceleration at time k, m/s2。
Substituting the formula (9) and the formula (10) into the formula (7) and the formula (8), respectively, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
similarly, the discrete vertical speed and vertical displacement at each moment before simplification are obtained, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein S isy0For discrete vertical initial displacements, m, Sy(k) Discrete vertical displacement at time k, m, Vy0Is discrete vertical initial velocity, m/s, Vy(k) Vertical velocity, m/s, a, discrete at time ky0Is discrete vertical initial acceleration, m/s2，ay(k) Vertical acceleration discrete at time k, m/s2And Δ t is the sampling time interval, s.
The characteristics in the actual measurement are combined, and the transmission line is in a normal stripUnder the condition (when the galloping does not occur), the power transmission line galloping on-line monitoring system can be considered to be in a static state, the power transmission line galloping on-line monitoring system in the invention is in a real-time and uninterrupted line monitoring state, so that when the system monitors that the power transmission line is in a process from a normal state to galloping, the initial speed and the initial displacement can be zero, namely Sx0＝0；Vx0＝0；ax0＝0；Sy0＝0；Vy0＝0；ay00. Therefore, the equations (12) and (14) are simplified, and the specific equations for obtaining the discrete horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each time are as follows:
step S23: and fitting the discrete horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment to obtain a galloping displacement equation when the power transmission line gallops, namely a formula (2). When the galloping displacement data is fitted, the galloping amplitude A of the line galloping can be analogized through the formula (2)0A wave number n and a wave angular frequency omega.
Step S3: calculating a line deflection curve equation when the power transmission line waves according to the pre-galloping power transmission line deflection curve equation and the galloping displacement equation, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
wherein y (x, t) represents a curve equation of line deflection when the power transmission line waves, S (x, t) represents a displacement equation of waves, A0For the amplitude of the galloping, n is the wavenumber of the galloping half wave, omega is the frequency of the galloping angle, T is the galloping time, y0(x) represents the static displacement of the transmission line before galloping, beta represents the altitude difference angle, x represents the horizontal length, T0The horizontal tension of the wire at rest is shown, and W is the weight per unit length when the wire is waved.
Step S4: calculating A, B the length L of the power transmission line between the two suspension points before galloping according to the curve equation of the deflection of the power transmission line before galloping0The specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein l represents the span, β represents the altitude difference angle, T0Represents the horizontal tension of the conductor at rest, y0(x) represents the static displacement of the transmission line before galloping, and W represents the weight per unit length of the line when galloping.
Step S5: and (3) calculating A, B the length L of the power transmission line between two suspension points when the power transmission line waves according to the line deflection curve equation when the power transmission line waves, wherein the specific calculation formula is as follows:
and y (x, t) represents a curve equation of the line deflection when the power transmission line waves.
Step S6: mixing L and L0Substituting Hooke's law to calculate maximum value delta T of horizontal tension variation of power transmission line during galloping0_max。
Mixing L and L0Substituting Hooke's law to calculate the variable quantity delta T of the horizontal tension when the transmission line waves0The specific calculation formula of (A) is as follows:
wherein, y0(x) Expressing the static displacement of the transmission line before galloping, y (x, t) expressing the curve equation of the line deflection when the transmission line gallops, A0Representing the amplitude of the line galloping, n representing the wavenumber of the galloping half waves, W representing the weight per unit length of the line galloping, l representing the span, omega representing the angular frequency of the galloping, beta representing the altitude difference angle, T0Representing the horizontal tension, k, of the wire at restcDenotes the intermediate parameter, Δ T0Representing the change of horizontal tension of the transmission line galloping, E representing the comprehensive elastic modulus of the line, Pa, A representing the sectional area of the line when the line is normally static, and m2，L0And the length of the power transmission line before galloping when the power transmission line is static is shown.
When the electric line waves, the maximum value of the tension change is important to the influence of the line, so the maximum value delta T of the horizontal tension change is calculated0_maxComprises the following steps:
wherein A is0Representing the amplitude of the line galloping, n representing the wavenumber of the galloping half waves, W representing the weight per unit length of the line galloping, l representing the span, omega representing the angular frequency of the galloping, beta representing the altitude difference angle, T0Representing the horizontal tension, k, of the wire at restcRepresenting the intermediate parameter.
Step S7: calculating the vertical tension component T of the high suspension pointByAnd the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_max。
Calculating the variation delta T of the vertical tension component of the point B (high suspension point) in the graph according to the relation between the horizontal tension and the vertical tension of the power transmission lineBy。
Vertical tension component T of B point before transmission line galloping occursByComprises the following steps:
wherein W represents the weight per unit length when the line is waved, l represents the span, beta represents the height difference angle, and T0Indicating horizontal wire tension at rest.
When the transmission line gallops, the slope of the point B is as follows:
therefore, according to the formula (23), it can be deduced that the variation of the vertical tension of the point B (high suspension point) when the power transmission line galloping occurs is:
wherein A is0Representing the amplitude of the line galloping, n representing the wavenumber of the galloping half waves, W representing the weight per unit length of the line galloping, l representing the span, omega representing the angular frequency of the galloping, beta representing the altitude difference angle, T0Representing the horizontal tension, k, of the wire at restcDenotes the intermediate parameter, kc＝EA/L0E represents the overall modulus of elasticity of the line, Pa, A represents the cross-sectional area of the line at rest under normal conditions, and m2，L0And the length of the power transmission line before galloping when the power transmission line is static is shown.
Calculating the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_maxComprises the following steps:
step S8: according to the horizontal tension T of the conductor at rest0Maximum value of horizontal tension variation amount Δ T0_maxThe vertical tension component T of the highest suspension pointByAnd the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_maxCalculating the maximum total tension T, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step S81: according to the horizontal tension T of the conductor at rest0And the maximum value DeltaT of the horizontal tension variation0_maxCalculating the maximum horizontal tension T of the highest suspension point0' the concrete calculation formula is:
T0’＝T0+ΔT0_max (26)。
step S82: according to the vertical tension component T of the highest suspension pointByAnd the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_maxCalculating the maximum vertical tension T of the highest suspension pointBy' the concrete calculation formula is:
TBy’＝TBy+ΔTBy_max (27)。
in order to ensure that accidents such as wire breakage and hardware damage do not occur when the power transmission line is waved, the formula (26) and the formula (27) must be satisfied.
Step S83: maximum horizontal tension T according to highest suspension point0' and maximum vertical tension T of highest suspension pointBy' calculate the maximum total tension T.
Specifically, when the reliability coefficient is not considered, the line tension caused by the galloping of the power transmission line is as follows:
wherein, T0' maximum horizontal tension at highest suspension point, TBy' is the maximum vertical tension at the highest suspension point and T is the maximum total tension.
Considering that in actual measurement, the icing of the conductor has certain influence on the tension calculation of the line and is difficult to accurately measure, and meanwhile, the influence of the torsional oscillation on the line is neglected by the derivation of a line tension calculation formula, so that a reliability coefficient K is introduced into the formula (28)2. For K2The research and analysis considers that the value is preferably 0.6 to 0.8, and in the practical system, the conditions such as the measurement error of the system, the torsion factor of the lead, the safety margin and the like are mainly considered and are comprehensively determined. The criterion formula of the line tension hazard when the power transmission line gallows is obtained as follows:
wherein, T0' maximum horizontal tension at highest suspension point, TBy' maximum vertical tension at highest suspension point, T maximum total tension, FmaxMaximum value of tension, K, that overhead transmission lines can withstand2Is a reliability factor.
Considering that in actual measurement, the wire icing has certain influence on the tension calculation of the line and is difficult to accurately measure, and meanwhile, the derivation of the line tension calculation formula ignores the torsional dancingThe influence of the action on the line, and therefore the reliability factor K is introduced in equation (29)2. For K2The research and analysis considers that the value is preferably 0.6 to 0.8, and in the practical system, the conditions such as the measurement error of the system, the torsion factor of the lead, the safety margin and the like are mainly considered and are comprehensively determined.
Step S9: judging whether the maximum total tension T exceeds the maximum value F of the tension born by the overhead transmission linemax(ii) a If the maximum total tension T exceeds FmaxThen alarming is carried out; if the maximum total tension T does not exceed FmaxThen no alarm is needed.
When the power transmission line is waved, the most common harm is that the interphase distance is insufficient, so that interphase flicker and jump alarm are caused, and therefore, when the online monitoring and early warning of the power transmission line waving is established, the line interphase distance during waving needs to be considered firstly.
As shown in fig. 4, a line a and a line b of two adjacent transmission lines are set; the minimum distance between the line a and the line b is D under the static state before the lines a and b are wavedabThe safe distance between the lines of the voltage class is DsWhen the power transmission line waves, the system detects that the wave amplitude of the line a is A0The amplitude of the line B is B0. When the line is waved, the line flickers due to insufficient inter-phase spacing, so the invention discloses the following two methods for judging whether the inter-phase pre-warning is carried out.
The method disclosed by the invention further comprises the following steps: irrespective of the reliability factor K1And then, calculating the distance D between the two lines, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
D＝Dab-(A0+B0) (30)
wherein D isabRepresents the minimum distance between the line a and the line b in a static state before the line a and the line b are waved, A0Representing the amplitude of the waving of the line a, B0Representing the magnitude of the waving of line b.
The reliability coefficient K is introduced into the equation (30) in consideration of a certain error in actual measurement1. For K1The value is considered to be appropriate within the interval of 1.2-1.3, and the method is in practiceIn the system, the measurement error of the system is mainly considered, and conditions such as a certain safety margin and the like are ensured and comprehensively determined according to the conditions.
Taking into account the reliability factor K1And then, calculating the distance D between the two lines, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
judging whether the distance D between the two lines is less than the safety distance D between the liness(ii) a If the distance D between the two lines is smaller than the safety distance D between the linessThen alarming is carried out; if the distance D between the two lines is larger than or equal to the safe distance D between the linessAnd no alarm is given.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 5, the present invention further provides an on-line monitoring and early warning system for the galloping of the high-voltage transmission line, wherein the system comprises:
the first deflection curve equation building module 501 is used for building a deflection curve equation of the power transmission line before galloping according to an inclined parabolic method.
And the galloping displacement equation constructing module 502 is used for constructing a galloping displacement equation when the power transmission line gallows.
And a second deflection curve equation building module 503, configured to calculate a line deflection curve equation when the power transmission line is galloped according to the pre-galloping power transmission line deflection curve equation and the galloping displacement equation.
A pre-galloping length determination module 504 for calculating A, B pre-galloping length L of the electric transmission line between the two suspension points according to the pre-galloping electric transmission line deflection curve equation0。
And the length determining module 505 during the galloping of the power transmission line is used for calculating A, B the length L during the galloping of the power transmission line between two suspension points according to the curve equation of the line deflection during the galloping of the power transmission line.
A maximum horizontal tension change determination module 506 for comparing L and L0Substituting Hooke's law to calculate maximum delta of horizontal tension variation of power transmission line during gallopingT0_max。
A maximum vertical tension variation determining module 507 for calculating a vertical tension component T of the high suspension pointByAnd the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_max。
A maximum total tension determining module 508 for determining the horizontal tension T of the conductor at rest0Maximum value of horizontal tension variation amount Δ T0_maxVertical tension component T of high suspension pointByAnd the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_maxThe maximum total tension T is calculated.
A first determining module 509, configured to determine whether the maximum total tension T exceeds a maximum tension F that can be borne by the overhead transmission linemax(ii) a If the maximum total tension T exceeds FmaxThen alarming is carried out; if the maximum total tension T does not exceed FmaxThen no alarm is needed.
As an optional implementation, the system of the present invention further includes:
and the distance calculation module is used for calculating the distance D between the two lines.
A second judging module for judging whether the distance D between the two lines is less than the safety distance D between the liness(ii) a If the distance D between the two lines is smaller than the safety distance D between the linessThen alarming is carried out; if the distance D between the two lines is larger than or equal to the safe distance D between the linessAnd no alarm is given.
As an optional implementation manner, the galloping displacement equation building module provided by the invention specifically includes:
and the analog displacement determining unit is used for acquiring the analog horizontal displacement and the analog vertical displacement at each moment by adopting an acceleration sensing technology.
And the discrete displacement determining unit is used for converting the simulated horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement at each moment into discrete horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment.
And the galloping displacement equation determining unit is used for fitting the discrete horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment to obtain a galloping displacement equation when the power transmission line gallops.
The same portions as those in example 1 are described in detail in example 1.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 6, the present invention further provides an on-line monitoring and early warning device for the galloping of the high-voltage transmission line, wherein the device comprises:
And the single chip microcomputer 602 is connected with the acceleration sensor 601 and is used for performing early warning by adopting the method in the embodiment 1. The single chip microcomputer is also used for calculating waving data; the galloping data comprises galloping amplitude A during line galloping0A wave number n and a wave angular frequency omega. The SPI1 of the single chip microcomputer is connected with the acceleration sensor, and the single chip microcomputer is STM32L 5.
And the encryption module 603 is connected with the single chip microcomputer 602, and is used for receiving the waving data through an SPI2 port of the single chip microcomputer and carrying out encryption processing so as to ensure the security of data transmission.
The Semtech LoRa chip 604 is connected with a UART2 port of the single chip microcomputer, and is used for receiving the encrypted data through the single chip microcomputer and sending the encrypted data to the data receiving base station, so that the data receiving base station sends the encrypted data to an online monitoring expert system on a background server, the galloping data is analyzed by combining data such as weather, line temperature and vibration, and effective early warning is provided for the occurrence of the galloping phenomenon.
The Semtech LoRa chip is a low-power consumption local area network wireless standard established by Semtech corporation, and has the greatest characteristic that the distance of transmission is longer than that of other wireless modes under the same power consumption condition, the unification of low power consumption and long distance is realized, and the distance of the Semtech LoRa chip is enlarged by 3-5 times than that of the traditional wireless radio frequency communication under the same power consumption condition.
And the power supply module 605 is connected with the singlechip 602 and used for supplying power to the singlechip. In this embodiment, the power module 605 is a high-energy gel battery.
And the chip control module 606 is connected with the GPIO port of the singlechip 602 and is used for controlling the working state of the singlechip.
In order to effectively reduce the system power consumption and prolong the service life of a battery, an RT-Thread Internet of things operating system is transplanted on a low-power STM32L5 chip, the start, the close and the configuration sampling periods of all tasks can be flexibly set, the monitoring instrument is closed when the instrument is waved in non-measuring time, and the instrument enters a low-power sleep state.
The on-line monitoring early warning device is also called as a galloping detector, and 5 devices are in a group and are arranged between span distances of the transmission line iron tower. The transmission conductor is in complex environments of high voltage, high temperature, humidity and the like for a long time, and in order to effectively prevent point discharge and electromagnetic interference, the mechanical design of the galloping detector is shown in figure 7. FIG. 7 (a) shows a dancing detector 1; 2. 3, numbering a line iron tower; 4 is a background server; 101. 102 and 103 are first group galloping detectors, and 201, 202 and 203 are second group galloping detectors; the serial number is convenient for the background server to distinguish data of different galloping detectors. As shown in fig. 7 (b), 701 is a wire, 702 is a galloping detector, and the galloping detector 702 is mounted on the wire 701.
On the basis of comparing and analyzing a plurality of online monitoring technical schemes in detail, the design idea of the online monitoring system based on the acceleration sensor is provided according to the quantitative analysis principle. And deducing the principle of online galloping monitoring according to the relation between the measured value and the galloping characteristic quantity, and providing theoretical support for galloping monitoring. Aiming at the problem that the line galloping characteristic parameters such as galloping amplitude, galloping frequency and galloping half wave number are difficult to directly measure, a calculation equation of the galloping amplitude, the galloping frequency and the galloping half wave number under the actual condition is deduced by combining a discrete component integration principle and a data fitting method, and the galloping characteristic parameters are calculated by the galloping acceleration. Meanwhile, the online monitoring system aims at realizing the hazard early warning of galloping, and the core of the early warning is to establish a proper early warning criterion. In the process of establishing the galloping hazard early warning criterion, considering that the main reason of galloping hazard is that the inter-phase distance of a galloping line is insufficient and the tension is overlarge, an inter-phase distance judgment early warning method is established according to the relation between the galloping amplitude and the inter-phase safety distance; meanwhile, a tension relational expression of the line galloping is deduced according to the Hooke's law, and a line tension early warning method is established.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The on-line monitoring and early warning method for the galloping of the high-voltage transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: constructing a deflection curve equation of the power transmission line before galloping according to an inclined parabolic method;
step S2: constructing a galloping displacement equation when the power transmission line gallows;
step S3: calculating a line deflection curve equation when the power transmission line waves according to the power transmission line deflection curve equation before waves and the wave displacement equation;
step S4: calculating A, B the length L of the power transmission line between the two suspension points before galloping according to the curve equation of the deflection of the power transmission line before galloping0；
Step S5: calculating A, B the length L of the power transmission line between two suspension points when the power transmission line waves according to the line deflection curve equation when the power transmission line waves;
step S6: mixing L and L0Substituting Hooke's law to calculate maximum value delta T of horizontal tension variation of power transmission line during galloping0_max；
Step S7: calculating vertical extension of high suspension pointComponent of force TByAnd the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_max；
Step S8: according to the horizontal tension T of the conductor at rest0Maximum value of horizontal tension variation amount Δ T0_maxVertical tension component T of high suspension pointByAnd the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_maxCalculating the maximum total tension T;
step S9: judging whether the maximum total tension T exceeds the maximum value F of the tension born by the overhead transmission linemax(ii) a If the maximum total tension T exceeds FmaxThen alarming is carried out; if the maximum total tension T does not exceed FmaxThen no alarm is needed.
2. The on-line monitoring and early warning method for the galloping of the high-voltage transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the following steps:
calculating the distance D between the two lines;
judging whether the distance D between the two lines is less than the safety distance D between the liness(ii) a If the distance D between the two lines is smaller than the safety distance D between the linessThen alarming is carried out; if the distance D between the two lines is larger than or equal to the safe distance D between the linessAnd no alarm is given.
3. The on-line monitoring and early warning method for the galloping of the high-voltage transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the construction of the galloping displacement equation during the galloping of the transmission line specifically comprises the following steps:
step S21: acquiring the simulated horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment by adopting an acceleration sensing technology;
step S22: converting the simulated horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment into discrete horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment;
step S23: and fitting the discrete horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment to obtain a galloping displacement equation when the power transmission line gallops.
4. The high voltage power transmission line of claim 1The galloping on-line monitoring and early warning method is characterized in that the maximum value delta T of the horizontal tension variation of the power transmission line during galloping is calculated0_maxThe concrete formula of (1) is as follows:
wherein A is0Representing the amplitude of the line galloping, n representing the wavenumber of the galloping half waves, W representing the weight per unit length of the line galloping, l representing the span, omega representing the angular frequency of the galloping, beta representing the altitude difference angle, T0Representing the horizontal tension, k, of the wire at restcDenotes the intermediate parameter, kc＝EA/L0E represents the overall modulus of elasticity of the line, A represents the cross-sectional area of the line at rest under normal conditions, and L0And the length of the power transmission line before galloping when the power transmission line is static is shown.
5. The on-line monitoring and early warning method for the galloping of the high-tension transmission line as claimed in claim 1, wherein the maximum value delta T of the vertical tension component of the high-suspension point is calculatedBy_maxThe concrete formula of (1) is as follows:
wherein A is0Representing the amplitude of the line galloping, n representing the wavenumber of the galloping half waves, W representing the weight per unit length of the line galloping, l representing the span, omega representing the angular frequency of the galloping, beta representing the altitude difference angle, T0Representing the horizontal tension, k, of the wire at restcDenotes the intermediate parameter, kc＝EA/L0E represents the overall modulus of elasticity of the line, A represents the cross-sectional area of the line at rest under normal conditions, and L0And the length of the power transmission line before galloping when the power transmission line is static is shown.
6. The utility model provides a high tension transmission line gallows on-line monitoring early warning system which characterized in that, the system includes:
the first deflection curve equation building module is used for building a deflection curve equation of the power transmission line before galloping according to an inclined parabolic method;
the galloping displacement equation building module is used for building a galloping displacement equation when the power transmission line gallows;
the second deflection curve equation building module is used for calculating a line deflection curve equation when the power transmission line waves according to the pre-galloping power transmission line deflection curve equation and the galloping displacement equation;
the pre-galloping length determination module of the power transmission line is used for calculating A, B pre-galloping length L of the power transmission line between two suspension points according to the pre-galloping power transmission line deflection curve equation0；
The length determining module during the galloping of the power transmission line is used for calculating A, B the length L during the galloping of the power transmission line between two suspension points according to the curve equation of the line deflection during the galloping of the power transmission line;
a maximum horizontal tension variation determining module for determining L and L0Substituting Hooke's law to calculate maximum value delta T of horizontal tension variation of power transmission line during galloping0_max；
A maximum vertical tension variation determining module for calculating the vertical tension component T of the high suspension pointByAnd the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_max；
A maximum total tension determining module for determining the horizontal tension T of the conductor at rest0Maximum value of horizontal tension variation amount Δ T0_maxVertical tension component T of high suspension pointByAnd the maximum value of the vertical tension component DeltaTBy_maxCalculating the maximum total tension T;
a first judging module for judging whether the maximum total tension T exceeds the maximum value F of the tension born by the overhead transmission linemax(ii) a If the maximum total tension T exceeds FmaxThen alarming is carried out; if the maximum total tension T does not exceed FmaxThen no alarm is needed.
7. The on-line monitoring and early warning system for the galloping of the high-voltage transmission line of claim 6, wherein the system further comprises:
the distance calculation module is used for calculating the distance D between the two lines;
a second judging module for judging whether the distance D between the two lines is less than the safety distance D between the liness(ii) a If the distance D between the two lines is smaller than the safety distance D between the linessThen alarming is carried out; if the distance D between the two lines is larger than or equal to the safe distance D between the linessAnd no alarm is given.
8. The on-line monitoring and early warning system for the galloping of the high-voltage transmission line according to claim 6, wherein the galloping displacement equation building module specifically comprises:
the simulation displacement determining unit is used for acquiring the simulated horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment by adopting an acceleration sensing technology;
the discrete displacement determining unit is used for converting the simulated horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement at each moment into discrete horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment;
and the galloping displacement equation determining unit is used for fitting the discrete horizontal displacement and vertical displacement at each moment to obtain a galloping displacement equation when the power transmission line gallops.
9. The on-line monitoring and early warning system for the galloping of the high-voltage power transmission line according to claim 6, wherein the maximum value delta T of the variation of the horizontal tension of the power transmission line during the galloping is calculated0_maxThe concrete formula of (1) is as follows:
wherein A is0Representing the amplitude of the line galloping, n representing the wavenumber of the galloping half waves, W representing the weight per unit length of the line galloping, l representing the span, omega representing the angular frequency of the galloping, beta representing the altitude difference angle, T0Representing the horizontal tension, k, of the wire at restcDenotes the intermediate parameter, kc＝EA/L0E represents the overall modulus of elasticity of the line, A represents the cross-sectional area of the line at rest under normal conditions, and L0And the length of the power transmission line before galloping when the power transmission line is static is shown.
10. The utility model provides a high tension transmission line gallows on-line monitoring early warning device which characterized in that, the device includes:
acceleration sensors for measuring the acceleration and angular velocity of the wire in X, Y, Z three directions;
and the single chip microcomputer is connected with the acceleration sensor and used for carrying out early warning by adopting the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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| CN115166638A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-11 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司苏州供电分公司 | Wide-area lightning positioning system and method based on distributed optical fiber sound wave sensing |
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