CN114137181A - Gas-containing soil shield model experiment system and experiment method - Google Patents
Gas-containing soil shield model experiment system and experiment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114137181A CN114137181A CN202111319976.1A CN202111319976A CN114137181A CN 114137181 A CN114137181 A CN 114137181A CN 202111319976 A CN202111319976 A CN 202111319976A CN 114137181 A CN114137181 A CN 114137181A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental system and an experimental method for a gas-containing soil shield model. The model box body is filled with sandy soil, and is provided with a shield soil loss simulation system, a shield machine, a tunnel model system and a laser ranging monitoring system for carrying out a gas-containing soil model experiment; the shield tunneling machine and the tunnel model system simulate the shield tunneling process in the model box body to regulate and control the tunneling speed and the tunneling depth in real time; the shield soil loss simulation system is connected to the shield machine and the tunnel model system and controls the volume of the water pocket to realize the simulation of the loss of the shield tunneling soil; the laser ranging monitoring system monitors the settlement of the earth surface of a soil layer of the model box body and analyzes and processes the settlement. The invention solves the problems of excavation and sedimentation rules in gas-containing soil, can perform a gas-free soil model experiment, reduces the influence of a measuring tool in the experiment on the experiment by adopting non-contact measurement, realizes more accurate and efficient measurement of sedimentation amount in the experiment, does not damage the surface shape of a soil layer and the like, and is closer to the real working condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a model simulation system and an experimental method in the technical field of gas-containing soil shield model experiments, in particular to a gas-containing soil shield experimental model system and an experimental method.
Background
With the development of urban underground rail transit in China and the increasing demand of people on subway trips, newly-built underground tunnels are a common phenomenon for improving the utilization rate of underground space. In recent years, in engineering construction of coastal areas and middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river in east China, safety accidents of tunnel settlement, foundation pit uplift, methane explosion, sinking and cracking of underground engineering such as open caisson and the like caused by shallow gas are frequently encountered, and cases of economic loss are also frequently reported.
When subway lines are planned in Yangtze river delta and Zhujiang delta areas, shallow gas-containing strata generally exist in the sections, and fine sand serves as main gas-storage sandy soil in the strata, so that great threats are caused to the construction and safe operation of subways. To reduce the loss due to this effect, intensive studies on this phenomenon have been required.
The problems all relate to the problem of shield excavation of the gas-containing soil, and in order to reduce or even avoid the occurrence of similar accidents again, a model experiment device capable of carrying out various shield experiments on the gas-containing soil is necessary to be researched to study the influence caused by shield excavation in the gas-containing soil and the instability of an excavation surface, soil deformation and surface subsidence of the gas-containing soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a gas-containing soil shield excavation experimental model system and an experimental method, so as to at least solve the problems of excavation and settlement rules in gas-containing soil in the related technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a contain gas soil shield structure model experiment system, contain gas soil shield structure model experiment system includes:
the device comprises a model box body, a shield soil mass loss simulation system, a shield machine, a tunnel model system and a laser ranging monitoring system, wherein sandy soil is filled in the model box body, and the model box body is provided with the shield soil mass loss simulation system, the shield machine, the tunnel model system and the laser ranging monitoring system and is used for carrying out a series of gas-containing soil model experiments;
the shield tunneling machine and tunnel model system is used for simulating a shield tunneling process in the model box body and regulating and controlling the tunneling speed and the tunneling depth in real time;
the shield soil loss simulation system is connected to the shield machine and the tunnel model system and realizes the simulation of the soil loss in the shield tunneling process by controlling the volume of the water bag;
and the laser ranging monitoring system is used for monitoring the earth surface settlement of the soil layer of the model box body and analyzing and processing the earth surface settlement monitoring condition.
The shield machine and tunnel model system comprises a shield and tunnel model, a hydraulic winch and a transmission shaft, wherein the shield and tunnel model is fixed at the bottom in a model box body through a shield model fixing base; the shield and tunnel model comprises a piston, a screw and a shield model tunnel, an output shaft of the hydraulic winch is synchronously connected with one end of a transmission shaft, the other end of the transmission shaft extends into the model box body and is coaxially sleeved and connected with one end of the screw through threads, and the other end of the screw is hinged with the piston in the shield model tunnel through a bayonet.
The shield model tunnel is of a semi-cylinder structure, and the piston is of a semi-disc structure.
The shield soil loss simulation system comprises a plurality of water bags, a water pipe, water pumps and a drain pipe, wherein the water bags are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the shield model tunnel, the water pumps are arranged outside the model box body, the water bags are connected with the water inlets of the water pumps through the water pipe, and the water outlets of the water pumps are connected with the drain pipe.
The air bag simulation system comprises an air bag containing air, an air pipe, an air valve, an air pump and an exhaust pipe, wherein the air bag is embedded in the sandy soil of the model box body in advance, the air bag is connected with an air inlet of the air pump outside the model box body after passing through the air pipe and the air valve, and an air outlet of the air pump is connected with the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe;
the gas-containing soil shield model experiment system further comprises a plurality of TDR probes, a TDR data transmission line and a TDR data acquisition instrument, wherein the TDR probes are arranged in the sand of the model box body, and each TDR probe is connected with the data interface of the TDR data acquisition instrument outside the model box body through the TDR data transmission line.
The laser distance measurement monitoring system comprises a plurality of laser displacement sensors, a laser displacement sensor fixing steel frame, a laser displacement sensor data transmission line and a laser displacement sensor data acquisition instrument; the laser displacement sensors are fixed on the laser displacement sensor fixing steel frame, the laser displacement sensor fixing steel frame is arranged at the upper end of the model box body, the laser displacement sensors detect downwards, the laser displacement sensors are connected with a laser displacement sensor data acquisition instrument outside the model box body through laser displacement sensor data transmission lines, and the laser displacement sensor data acquisition instrument is connected with a computer.
One end of the shield model tunnel is close to the inner wall of the model box body, the other end of the shield model tunnel is used as a shield tunnel model excavating surface, a plurality of laser displacement sensors are arranged above an outlet of the shield model tunnel, and at least one laser displacement sensor is arranged above an air bag in the air bag simulation system.
Secondly, an experimental method of the gas-containing soil shield model experimental system comprises the following steps:
1) after placing a shield and tunnel model in a model box body, injecting dry sand to a certain position in the model box body, arranging a plurality of TDR probes and air-containing air bags, and stopping injecting the sand after the dry sand reaches a set height so as to simulate the depth of an original bag-shaped air-containing soil layer; and finally arranging the shield machine, the tunnel model system, the shield soil loss simulation system, the laser ranging monitoring system and the air bag simulation system according to the description.
2) The air pump in the air bag simulation system does not work, the air bag keeps the expansion state, and then:
in the shield tunneling machine and the tunnel model system, the transmission shaft is driven to rotate through the hydraulic winch so as to drive the piston to axially reciprocate in the shield tunneling model tunnel, so that the piston in the shield tunneling model can move forwards or backwards, and the soil in front of the excavation surface of the shield is completely damaged;
meanwhile, in the shield soil loss simulation system, the water pump works to pump water to the water bag, and the water bag discharges water at a fixed speed to realize the simulation of shield tunneling;
from the beginning of piston movement, detecting the change of the water content in real time by a TDR probe of an experimental system of the gas-containing soil shield model, and detecting the change of soil settlement by a laser displacement sensor of a laser ranging monitoring system;
3) the air extractor in the air bag simulation system works to extract air from the air bag, so that the air bag is released after air extraction is finished, and then:
in the shield tunneling machine and the tunnel model system, the transmission shaft is driven to rotate through the hydraulic winch so as to drive the piston to axially reciprocate in the shield tunneling model tunnel, so that the piston in the shield tunneling model can move forwards or backwards, and the soil in front of the excavation surface of the shield is completely damaged;
meanwhile, in the shield soil loss simulation system, the water pump works to pump water to the water bag, and the water bag discharges water at a fixed speed to realize the simulation of shield tunneling;
and (3) from the beginning of piston movement, detecting the change of the water content rate in real time by a TDR probe of the gas-containing soil shield model experiment system, and detecting the change of soil settlement by a laser displacement sensor of the laser ranging monitoring system.
The experimental method comprises the following steps:
step one, detecting the water bag and the air bag. Before the formal experiment, a water pump is used for carrying out water pumping and injecting tests on the water bags, and the water leakage phenomenon of all the water bags is detected. If yes, timely replacing; similarly, the air extractor is used for detecting the air tightness of the air bag, and specifically comprises the following steps: filling nitrogen into the air bag, standing for 48 hours, comparing, and replacing the air bag in time if the air bag leaks air;
and step two, finishing the manufacture of the tunnel and shield machine model according to a similar principle, arranging water bags on the outer wall of the outer pipe in advance according to the design, wiping the water bags with alcohol, air-drying the water bags, dripping a few drops of 502 glue, and then sticking the water bags to the outer wall of the tunnel by using ab glue.
And step three, filling the space below the shield reserved opening in the model box by using a rain falling method to enable the space to reach the preset soil layer density, standing for one day, then installing the tunnel and shield machine model which are completed in advance on the model box, and combining a steel stranded rope of the hydraulic machine with a screw outside the model box.
And fourthly, continuously injecting dry sand according to a preset density by using a rain falling method, and arranging the TDR probe and the air-containing air bag according to the designed direction and the burial depth while injecting the sand until the dry sand overflows the top of the TDR probe and the air-containing air bag.
And fifthly, conveying the dried dry sand to a temporary sand filling box by using a sand pumping machine, and scattering the dry sand into the model box by using a rain dropping method. Repeating until the sand soil height reaches the preset height.
And step six, fixing the laser displacement sensor base on the steel frame corresponding to the measuring point position, and measuring the displacement by controlling the movement of the steel frame after the photographing is finished. All measuring point wires are well arranged and need to be numbered, so that confusion in data analysis is prevented.
And step seven, all measuring point leads need to be connected into the data acquisition instrument and are connected according to the positive and negative of a power supply and the positive and negative of a signal. And when the size of the existing tunnel strain wire is not enough, the wiring terminal is used for lengthening. Compensation is also required. The data acquisition instrument is connected with a power supply, a switch is turned on, a network cable is used for connecting a computer, a DNS is set, DHDAS dynamic signal acquisition and analysis system software is turned on, and parameters such as sensitivity coefficients are adjusted. After the balance is cleared, the data can be ready to be read. And starting a power device to enable the screw to advance, and recording data and taking a picture for recording every time the screw advances by 2 mm. When the motor reaches the designated position, the motor is stopped, the power supply of the motor is turned off, the data read by the software is converted into the automatic data read, and the test is stood for one day.
And step eight, after one experiment is finished, storing and arranging data in the computer in time. And (4) completely removing the dry sand in the model box. And then disconnecting the shield soil loss simulation system, the shield machine, the tunnel model system and the laser ranging monitoring system which are connected with the model box, and starting the vibrating table to restore the sand bed in the model box to the state before the experiment.
According to the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) the large-size model box is adopted to carry out the gas-containing soil shield experiment, the actual working condition is relatively close, and the problem that the traditional model box experiment has no gas-containing soil model experiment is solved;
compared with the traditional model box experiment which adopts contact measurement, the invention adopts non-contact measurement, thereby greatly reducing the influence of a measuring tool on the experiment in the experiment.
(2) The laser ranging monitoring system adopts the soil layer earth surface settlement in the laser monitoring model experiment, can realize more accurate efficient measurement settlement in the experiment, and can not cause the destruction scheduling problem to the soil layer earth surface shape.
(3) The soil loss in the shield tunneling process can be simulated, so that the experiment is closer to the real working condition.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram (front view) of an experimental model box containing gas and soil according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram (front view) of a shield and tunnel model provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view (top view) showing the arrangement of the measuring points of the laser displacement sensor provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a model box body, 2 laser displacement sensor fixing steel frames, 3 laser displacement sensors, 4 water bags, 5 water pipes, 6 water pumps, 7 water discharge pipes, 8 hydraulic windlasses, 9 transmission shafts, 10 shield model fixing bases, 11 shield and tunnel models, 12 air bags, 13 air pipes, 14 air valves, 15 air pumps, 16 exhaust pipes, 17 TDR probes, 18 TDR data transmission lines, 19 TDR data acquisition instruments, 20 laser displacement sensor data transmission lines, 21 laser displacement sensor data acquisition instruments, 4a pistons, 4b bayonets, 4c screws and 4d shield model tunnels.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the concrete implementation of the experimental system for the gas-containing soil shield model includes:
the device comprises a model box body 1, wherein sandy soil is filled in the model box body 1, and a shield soil loss simulation system, a shield machine, a tunnel model system, a laser distance measurement monitoring system and an air bag simulation system are arranged in the model box body 1 and are used for carrying out a series of gas-containing soil model experiments;
the shield tunneling machine and the tunnel model system are used for simulating a shield tunneling process in the model box body 1 and regulating and controlling the tunneling speed and the tunneling depth in real time;
the shield soil loss simulation system is connected to the shield machine and the tunnel model system and realizes the simulation of the soil loss in the shield tunneling process by controlling the volume of the water bag;
and the laser ranging monitoring system is used for monitoring the soil layer surface settlement of the model box body 1 and analyzing and processing the surface settlement monitoring condition.
The shield machine and tunnel model system comprises a shield and tunnel model 11, a hydraulic winch 8 and a transmission shaft 9, wherein the shield and tunnel model 11 is fixed at the bottom in the model box body 1 through a shield model fixing base 10, the hydraulic winch 8 and the transmission shaft 9 are arranged outside the model box body 1, and the shield and tunnel model 11 are both arranged in the model box body 1; the shield and tunnel model 11 comprises a piston 4a, a screw rod 4a and a shield model tunnel 4a, an output shaft of a hydraulic winch 8 is synchronously connected with one end of a transmission shaft 9, the other end of the transmission shaft 9 extends into the model box body 1 and is coaxially sleeved and connected with one end of the screw rod 4a through threads, the other end of the screw rod 4a is hinged with the piston 4a in the shield model tunnel 4a through a bayonet 4a, and the piston 4a can be axially movably sleeved in the shield model tunnel 4 a;
the shield model tunnel 4a is of a semi-cylindrical structure, and the piston 4a is of a semi-disc structure. So that a screw nut pair is formed between the transmission shaft 9 and the screw rod 4a and between the transmission shaft and the piston 4a, and the hydraulic winch 8 works to drive the transmission shaft 9 to rotate, so as to drive the screw rod 4a and the piston 4a to integrally move axially.
The hydraulic winch provides power to drive the screw of the shield and tunnel model to rotate for one circle, and the piston of the shield and tunnel model advances or retreats for 2mm, so that the simulation of the shield tunneling process is realized.
The gas-containing soil shield model experiment system further comprises a plurality of TDR probes 17, a TDR data transmission line 18 and a TDR data acquisition instrument 19, wherein the TDR probes 17 are arranged in the sandy soil of the model box body 1, and each TDR probe 17 is connected with the data interface of the TDR data acquisition instrument 19 outside the model box body 1 through the TDR data transmission line 18. Wherein at least one TDR probe 17 is arranged close to the balloon 12 in the balloon simulation system.
The gas-containing soil shield model experiment system is used for simulating soil loss, deformation and surface subsidence in the gas-containing stratum during shield tunneling and exploring the rule.
The shield soil loss simulation system comprises a plurality of water bags 4, a water pipe 5, water pumps 6 and a water drainage pipe 7, wherein the water bags 4 are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of a shield model tunnel 4a, the water bags 4 are uniformly distributed at intervals along the outer circumferential surface of the shield model tunnel 4a, the water pumps 6 are arranged outside a model box body 1, the water bags 4 are connected with the water inlets of the water pumps 6 through the water pipe 5, and the water outlets of the water pumps 6 are connected with the water drainage pipe 7. The water bag 4 is used for simulating soil loss stratum soil loss caused in the shield tunneling process.
The water bag 4 is one or more and is fixed on the outer wall of the shield and tunnel model 11.
The air bag simulation system comprises an air containing air bag 12, an air pipe 13, an air valve 14, an air pump 15 and an exhaust pipe 16, wherein the air bag 12 is embedded in the sandy soil of the model box body 1 in advance, the air bag 12 is connected with an air inlet of the air pump 15 outside the model box body 1 through the air pipe 13 and the air valve 14, the air valve 14 is arranged on the air pipe 13, and an air outlet of the air pump 15 is connected with the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe 16; the air bag is used for simulating a bag-shaped air-bearing soil layer in the air-bearing stratum.
The gas in the air bag is mainly nitrogen, so that danger is prevented. The air valve 14 is arranged on the air pipe 13, and the escape of air in the air bag can be strictly controlled through the air valve, so that the air leakage of the air bag in non-experimental time is prevented, and the accurate air discharge is realized.
The laser distance measurement monitoring system comprises a plurality of laser displacement sensors 3, a laser displacement sensor fixing steel frame 2, a laser displacement sensor data transmission line 20 and a laser displacement sensor data acquisition instrument 21; a plurality of laser displacement sensor 3 are fixed on the fixed steelframe 2 of laser displacement sensor, the fixed steelframe 2 of laser displacement sensor arranges in 1 upper end of model box, laser displacement sensor 3 is located the sand topmost and keeps the distance about 10mm with the sand, laser displacement sensor 3 is all surveyed down, laser displacement sensor 3 is connected with the outer laser displacement sensor data acquisition instrument 21 of model box 1 through laser displacement sensor data transmission line 20, laser displacement sensor data acquisition instrument 21 links to each other with the computer.
One end of the shield model tunnel 4a is close to the inner wall of the model box body 1, the other end of the shield model tunnel is used as an outlet of the shield model tunnel, a plurality of laser displacement sensors 3 are arranged above the outlet of the shield model tunnel, and at least one laser displacement sensor 3 is arranged above an air bag 12 in the air bag simulation system.
The TDR probe is used for monitoring the water content in the soil body in real time and providing support for later data analysis, so that the reliability of the experimental result is higher, the air bag is used for simulating the air bag block-shaped air-containing soil deflation in the air-containing soil layer, and the method is an important means for simulating the influence of the front and rear air deflation of the shield on the shield tunneling.
The experimental process of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) after placing a shield and tunnel model 11 into the model box 1, injecting dry sand into the model box 1 to a certain position, arranging a plurality of TDR probes 17 and air bags 12, and stopping injecting the sand after the dry sand reaches a set height so as to simulate the depth of a soil layer of in-situ bag-shaped air-containing soil;
2) the air pump 15 in the air bag simulation system is not operated, the air bag 12 is maintained in the inflated state, and then:
in the shield machine and tunnel model system, the transmission shaft 9 is driven to rotate through the hydraulic winch 8 so as to drive the piston 4a to axially reciprocate in the shield model tunnel 4a, so that the piston in the shield model can move forwards or backwards, and the soil in front of the shield excavation surface is completely damaged;
meanwhile, in the shield soil loss simulation system, the water pump 6 works to pump water to the water bag 4, and the water bag 4 discharges water at a fixed speed to realize the simulation of shield tunneling;
detecting the change of the water content in real time by a TDR probe 17 of an experimental system of the gas-containing soil shield model from the movement of a piston 4a, and detecting the settlement change of the soil by a laser displacement sensor 3 of a laser ranging monitoring system;
3) the air pump 15 in the air bag simulation system operates to pump air to the air bag 12 so that the air bag 12 is released after air pumping, and then:
in the shield machine and tunnel model system, the transmission shaft 9 is driven to rotate through the hydraulic winch 8 so as to drive the piston 4a to axially reciprocate in the shield model tunnel 4a, so that the piston in the shield model can move forwards or backwards, and the soil in front of the shield excavation surface is completely damaged;
meanwhile, in the shield soil loss simulation system, the water pump 6 works to pump water to the water bag 4, and the water bag 4 discharges water at a fixed speed to realize the simulation of shield tunneling;
the moisture content change is detected in real time by a TDR probe 17 of the gas-containing soil shield model experiment system from the movement of the piston 4a, and the soil settlement change is detected by a laser displacement sensor 3 of the laser ranging monitoring system.
In the specific implementation:
and detecting the water bag and the air bag. Before the formal experiment, a water pump is used for carrying out water pumping and injecting inspection on the water bags, and the water leakage phenomenon of all the water bags is detected. If yes, timely replacing; similarly, the air extractor is used for detecting the air tightness of the air bag, and specifically comprises the following steps: filling nitrogen into the air bag, standing for 48 hours, comparing, and replacing the air bag in time if the air bag leaks air;
the manufacturing of the tunnel and shield machine model is completed according to a similar principle, water bags are arranged on the outer wall of the outer pipe in advance according to the design, the outer wall of the tunnel and the shield machine model is firstly cleaned by alcohol, air-dried, a few drops of 502 glue are dripped, and then the water bags are adhered to the outer wall of the tunnel by ab glue.
Filling the space below a shield reserved opening in the model box by using a rain falling method to enable the space to reach the preset soil layer density, standing for one day, then installing the tunnel and shield machine model which are completed in advance on the model box, and combining a steel stranded rope of the hydraulic machine with a screw outside the model box.
And continuously injecting dry sand, and arranging the TDR probe and the air bag containing air according to the designed position and the burial depth while injecting the sand until the dry sand overflows the TDR probe and the top of the air bag containing air.
And conveying the dried dry sand to a temporary sand box by using a sand extractor, and scattering the dry sand into the model box by using a rain falling method. Repeating until the sand soil height reaches the preset height.
The laser displacement sensor base is fixed on the steel frame corresponding to the measuring point position, and after the irradiation is combined, the displacement is measured by controlling the movement of the steel frame. All measuring point leads are well arranged and need to be numbered, so that confusion in data analysis is prevented.
All measuring point leads need to be connected into a data acquisition instrument and are connected according to the positive and negative of a power supply and the positive and negative of a signal. And when the size of the existing tunnel strain wire is not enough, the wiring terminal is used for lengthening. Compensation is also required. The data acquisition instrument is connected with a power supply, a switch is turned on, a network cable is used for connecting a computer, a DNS is set, DHDAS dynamic signal acquisition and analysis system software is turned on, and parameters such as sensitivity coefficients are adjusted. After the balance is cleared, the data can be ready to be read. And starting a power device to enable the screw to advance, and recording data and taking a picture for recording every time the screw advances by 5 mm. When the motor reaches the designated position, the motor is stopped, the power supply of the motor is turned off, the software reads data and converts the data into automatic read data, and the test is stood for one day.
After one experiment is finished, the data in the computer is timely stored and collated. And completely removing the dry sand in the model box. And then disconnecting the shield soil loss simulation system, the shield machine, the tunnel model system and the laser ranging monitoring system which are connected with the model box, and starting the vibrating table to restore the sand bed in the model box to the state before the experiment. Reconnect the model box to the respective systems.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a contain gas soil shield structure model experiment system which characterized in that, contain gas soil shield structure model experiment system includes:
the device comprises a model box body (1), wherein sandy soil is filled in the model box body (1), and a shield soil loss simulation system, a shield machine, a tunnel model system and a laser ranging monitoring system are arranged in the model box body (1) and are used for carrying out a gas-containing soil model experiment;
the shield tunneling machine and the tunnel model system are used for simulating a shield tunneling process in the model box body (1) and regulating and controlling the tunneling speed and the tunneling depth in real time;
the shield soil loss simulation system is connected to the shield machine and the tunnel model system and realizes the simulation of the soil loss in the shield tunneling process by controlling the volume of the water bag;
the laser ranging monitoring system is used for monitoring soil layer surface settlement of the model box body (1) and analyzing and processing the surface settlement monitoring condition.
2. The gas-containing soil shield model experiment system of claim 1, wherein:
the shield machine and tunnel model system comprises a shield and tunnel model (11), a hydraulic winch (8) and a transmission shaft (9), wherein the shield and tunnel model (11) is fixed at the bottom in a model box body (1) through a shield model fixing base (10), the hydraulic winch (8) and the transmission shaft (9) are arranged outside the model box body (1), and the shield and tunnel model (11) are both arranged in the model box body (1); the shield and tunnel model (11) comprises a piston (4a), a screw rod (4a) and a shield model tunnel (4a), an output shaft of a hydraulic winch (8) is synchronously connected with one end of a transmission shaft (9), the other end of the transmission shaft (9) extends into the model box body (1) and is coaxially sleeved and connected with one end of the screw rod (4a) through threads, and the other end of the screw rod (4a) is hinged with the piston (4a) in the shield model tunnel (4a) through a bayonet (4 a).
3. The gas-containing soil shield model experiment system of claim 2, wherein:
the shield model tunnel (4a) is of a semi-cylinder structure, and the piston (4a) is of a semi-disc structure.
4. The gas-containing soil shield model experiment system of claim 2, wherein:
the shield constructs soil mass loss analog system and includes a plurality of water bags (4), water pipe (5), water pumper (6), drain pipe (7), has arranged a plurality of water bags (4) on shield structure model tunnel (4a) outer periphery, and water pumper (6) are arranged outside model box (1), and water bag (4) are connected through the water inlet of water pipe (5) and water pumper (6), and drain pipe (7) is connected to the delivery port of water pumper (6).
5. The gas-containing soil shield model experiment system of claim 2, wherein:
the air bag simulation system comprises an air containing air bag (12), an air pipe (13), an air valve (14), an air pump (15) and an exhaust pipe (16), wherein the air bag (12) is embedded in the sand of the model box body (1) in advance, the air bag (12) is connected with an air inlet of the air pump (15) outside the model box body (1) through the air pipe (13) and the air valve (14), and an air outlet of the air pump (15) is connected with the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe (16).
6. The gas-containing soil shield model experiment system of claim 1, wherein:
contain gas-soil shield structure model experimental system still includes a plurality of TDR probes (17), TDR data transmission line (18), TDR data acquisition instrument (19), the sand of model box (1) is arranged in a plurality of TDR probes (17), and every TDR probe (17) is through the data interface connection of TDR data transmission line (18) and the outer TDR data acquisition instrument (19) of model box (1).
7. The gas-containing soil shield model experiment system of claim 1, wherein:
the laser distance measurement monitoring system comprises a plurality of laser displacement sensors (3), a laser displacement sensor fixing steel frame (2), a laser displacement sensor data transmission line (20) and a laser displacement sensor data acquisition instrument (21); a plurality of laser displacement sensors (3) are fixed on the fixed steel frame (2) of laser displacement sensor, the fixed steel frame (2) of laser displacement sensor is arranged at the upper end of the model box body (1), the laser displacement sensors (3) are all detected downwards, the laser displacement sensors (3) are connected with a laser displacement sensor data acquisition instrument (21) outside the model box body (1) through laser displacement sensor data transmission lines (20), and the laser displacement sensor data acquisition instrument (21) is connected with a computer.
8. The gas-containing soil shield model experiment system of claim 7, wherein:
one end of the shield model tunnel (4a) is close to the inner wall of the model box body (1), the other end of the shield model tunnel (4a) is used as a shield tunnel model excavation surface, a plurality of laser displacement sensors (3) are arranged above an outlet of the shield model tunnel, and at least one laser displacement sensor (3) is arranged above an air bag (12) in the air bag simulation system.
9. An experimental method using the experimental system for the gas-containing soil shield model according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
1) after a shield and tunnel model (11) is placed in a model box body (1), dry sand is injected into the model box body (1) to a certain position, a plurality of TDR probes (17) and air bags (12) containing air are arranged, and when the dry sand reaches a set height, sand injection is stopped to simulate the depth of a soil layer of in-situ bag-shaped air-containing soil;
2) the air pump (15) in the air bag simulation system does not work, the air bag (12) keeps the expansion state, and then: in the shield machine and the tunnel model system, a transmission shaft (9) is driven to rotate through a hydraulic winch (8) so as to drive a piston (4a) to axially and repeatedly move in a shield model tunnel (4a), so that the piston in the shield model moves forwards or backwards, and the soil body in front of the shield excavation surface is completely damaged; meanwhile, in the shield soil loss simulation system, a water pump (6) works to pump water to the water bag (4), and the water bag (4) drains water at a fixed speed to realize the simulation of shield tunneling; the method comprises the steps that after a piston (4a) moves, a TDR probe (17) of an experimental system of the gas-containing soil shield model is used for detecting moisture content change in real time, and a laser displacement sensor (3) of a laser ranging monitoring system is used for detecting soil settlement change;
3) an air pump (15) in the air bag simulation system works to pump air to the air bag (12) so that the air bag (12) is exhausted and released, and then: in the shield machine and the tunnel model system, a transmission shaft (9) is driven to rotate through a hydraulic winch (8) so as to drive a piston (4a) to axially and repeatedly move in a shield model tunnel (4a), so that the piston in the shield model moves forwards or backwards, and the soil body in front of the shield excavation surface is completely damaged; meanwhile, in the shield soil loss simulation system, a water pump (6) works to pump water to the water bag (4), and the water bag (4) drains water at a fixed speed to realize the simulation of shield tunneling; the moisture content change is detected in real time by a TDR probe (17) of the gas-containing soil shield model experiment system from the movement of the piston (4a), and the soil settlement change is detected by a laser displacement sensor (3) of the laser ranging monitoring system.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US11733128B1 (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2023-08-22 | Hangzhou City University | Test device and method for studying influence of external load on soil arching effect of shield tunnel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US11733128B1 (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2023-08-22 | Hangzhou City University | Test device and method for studying influence of external load on soil arching effect of shield tunnel |
| US20230288294A1 (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2023-09-14 | Hangzhou City University | Test device and method for studying influence of external load on soil arching effect of shield tunnel |
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