CN114137063A - Rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on weak magnetic detection - Google Patents
Rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on weak magnetic detection Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005358 geomagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
Abstract
A rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on weak magnetic detection relates to a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method, in particular to a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on weak magnetic detection. The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing monitoring method is interfered by severe environments such as high temperature, oil mist and the like, the reliability of a fault signal for identifying a bearing is low, and further the fault diagnosis rate is low. The invention adopts weak magnetic detection technology to diagnose the fault of the aviation bearing, adopts the weak magnetic detection sensor 1 to detect the characteristic information containing the fault of the bearing, and obtains the frequency spectrum containing the fault of the bearing by carrying out envelope demodulation and conversion on weak magnetic detection signals, and can identify the fault state of the bearing by comparing the frequency spectrum with theoretical fault characteristics. The invention belongs to the field of aviation bearing health management.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method, in particular to a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on weak magnetic detection, and belongs to the field of aviation bearing health management.
Background
The aviation bearing is an important element of an aviation engine transmission system and is related to whether the aviation engine can safely operate. Aviation bearings often operate in harsh environments (high temperature, oil mist and heavy load) and when operating, they may experience various degrees of failure, such as fatigue spalling, gluing and plastic deformation, etc., due to the operating environment of the aviation bearing, which may lead to a reduction in the life of the aviation bearing. Therefore, the method has important significance for effectively monitoring the aviation bearing during the operation period, monitoring the bearing fault and ensuring the normal operation of the aviation bearing. In the fault diagnosis of the aviation bearing, the bottom layer sensor is used as the front end input of the fault diagnosis of the bearing, the subsequent fault diagnosis is related, and whether the fault characteristics can be effectively extracted or not can be judged. Due to the particularity of the working environment of the aviation bearing, the traditional measuring method is that the vibration sensor is arranged on the shell of the bearing tester, so that when a bearing vibration signal is transmitted to the sensor, the signal is attenuated to a certain degree, and the vibration of the bearing cannot be sensed effectively. When the sensor is installed in the bearing cavity, the sensing and transmission of vibration signals are influenced to a certain extent due to the interference of high temperature and oil mist in the cavity. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a monitoring method capable of accurately sensing the bearing failure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on weak magnetic detection, which aims to solve the problems that when the existing monitoring method is interfered by severe environments such as high temperature, oil mist and the like, the reliability of a fault signal for identifying a bearing is low, and further the fault diagnosis rate is low.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, setting a load spectrum (F) of the running of the bearing1,F2,F3...) and velocity spectrum (v)1,v2,v3...)；
Acquiring a disturbing magnetic field of the outer ring, the rolling body and the inner ring of the aviation bearing to the geomagnetic field through a weak magnetic detection sensor;
step three, smoothing preprocessing is carried out on the weak magnetic signals obtained in the step two by adopting moving average filtering;
step four, according to the preprocessed signal obtained in the step three, carrying out envelope demodulation transformation to obtain a frequency spectrum component (f)1,f2,f3...)；
Step five, acquiring the pitch circle diameter D, the contact angle alpha, the number Z of the rolling bodies and the diameter D of the rolling bodies of the bearing;
step six, acquiring the frequency conversion f of the bearing in each spectral bandr1＝v1/60、fr2＝v2/60、fr3＝v3/60...；
Seventhly, acquiring theoretical fault frequency f of the outer ring of the rolling bearingoInner circle theoretical failure frequency fiTheoretical failure frequency f of rolling elementRCage theoretical failure frequency fc；
Wherein f is ∈ [ f ∈ [ ]r1,fr2,fr3...]；
Step eight, frequency spectrum component f1,f2,f3.., and the conversion frequency f and the theoretical failure frequency (f)o、fi、fRAnd fc) And comparing and identifying the fault characteristics of the bearing.
Further, in the second step, a weak magnetic detection sensor is adopted to obtain a geomagnetic disturbance signal of the bearing in the operation process, and the geomagnetic disturbance signal is obtained through the second stepPreprocessing the data in the third step, and identifying the healthy device of the bearing after envelope demodulation and transformation in the fourth step, wherein the specific process is as follows: after envelope demodulation conversion, a spectrum component (f) is obtained1,f2,f3...)。
Further, fi＜fres，fresFor the response frequency of the weak magnetic detection sensor, fiThe failure frequency of the bearing inner ring is the maximum value in the theoretical failure of the bearing.
Further, 8fi＜fs；fsIs the sampling frequency of the data acquisition system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: a weak magnetic detection sensor is arranged in the radial direction of an outer ring of the aviation bearing, and the fault of the bearing can be diagnosed by detecting the information of a weak magnetic field. The technology diagnoses the fault of the bearing by detecting the characteristics of the field on the premise of not damaging any structure of the bearing, so the technology is a non-contact diagnosis method and can resist the interference of severe environments such as high temperature, oil mist and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the relationship between the probe of the weak magnetic detection sensor, the aero bearing and the bearing seat.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1, and the specific steps of the rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on weak magnetic detection in the embodiment are as follows:
step one, setting a load spectrum (F) of the running of the bearing1,F2,F3...) and velocity spectrum (v)1,v2,v3...)；
Secondly, acquiring a disturbing magnetic field (2) of the outer ring (4-1), the rolling body (4-3) and the inner ring (4-4) of the aviation bearing to the geomagnetic field through the weak magnetic detection sensor (1);
step three, smoothing preprocessing is carried out on the weak magnetic signals obtained in the step two by adopting moving average filtering;
step four, according to the preprocessed signal obtained in the step three, carrying out envelope demodulation transformation to obtain a frequency spectrum component (f)1,f2,f3...)；
Step five, acquiring the pitch circle diameter D, the contact angle alpha, the number Z of the rolling bodies and the diameter D of the rolling bodies of the bearing;
step six, acquiring the frequency conversion f of the bearing in each spectral bandr1＝v1/60、fr2＝v2/60、fr3＝v3/60...；
Seventhly, acquiring theoretical fault frequency f of the outer ring of the rolling bearingoInner circle theoretical failure frequency fiTheoretical failure frequency f of rolling elementRCage theoretical failure frequency fc；
Wherein f is ∈ [ f ∈ [ ]r1,fr2,fr3...]；
Step eight, frequency spectrum component f1,f2,f3.., and the conversion frequency f and the theoretical failure frequency (f)o、fi、fRAnd fc) Comparing and identifying the fault characteristics of the bearing
In the embodiment, the aviation bearing 4 comprises an outer ring 4-1, a retainer 4-2, a plurality of rolling bodies 4-3 and an inner ring 4-4, wherein the rolling bodies 4-3 are arranged on the retainer 4-2 at equal intervals, and the retainer 4-2 is made of a non-magnetic material and does not generate a weak magnetic field.
According to the embodiment, the fault diagnosis is carried out on the aviation bearing by adopting a weak magnetic detection technology, the characteristic information containing the bearing fault can be detected by adopting the weak magnetic detection sensor 1, the frequency spectrum containing the bearing fault can be obtained by carrying out envelope demodulation and conversion on weak magnetic detection signals, and the fault state of the bearing can be identified by comparing the frequency spectrum with theoretical fault characteristics. The method is an active and non-contact measurement, does not need to damage any structure of the bearing, has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and oil mist interference resistance, and has certain feasibility for fault diagnosis of the bearing.
The second embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, the embodiment is described, in step two of the rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on weak magnetic detection in the embodiment, a weak magnetic detection sensor 1 is used to obtain a geomagnetic disturbance signal 2 of a bearing in an operation process, data in step three is preprocessed, and after envelope demodulation and transformation in step four, a health device of the bearing is identified, which specifically includes the following processes: after envelope demodulation conversion, a spectrum component (f) is obtained1,f2,f3...)。
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1, and the method for diagnosing a rolling bearing failure based on weak magnetic detection according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to fi＜fres，fresFor the response frequency, f, of the weak magnetic detection sensor 2iThe failure frequency of the bearing inner ring 4-4 is the maximum value in the theoretical failure of the bearing.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1, and 8f of the rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on weak magnetic detection according to the present embodimenti＜fs；fsIs the sampling frequency of the data acquisition system.
Principle of operation
The invention is realized on the basis of a probe 1 of a weak magnetic detection sensor, a disturbed geomagnetic field 2, a bearing seat 3 and an aviation bearing 4, wherein the aviation bearing 4 comprises an outer ring 4-1, a retainer 4-2, a rolling body 4-3 and an inner ring 4-4.
The retainer 4-2 is made of a material with magnetic permeability of 0, and the outer ring 4-1, the rolling body 4-3 and the inner ring 4-4 are made of a metal material with magnetic permeability. The aviation bearing 2 is fixed on a bearing seat 3, the bearing 2 is vertical to the horizontal direction, a hole with the same aperture as that of the weak magnetic detection sensor 1 is formed in the bearing seat 3, and the weak magnetic detection sensor 1 is located above the bearing 4 and used for collecting a disturbance magnetic field 2 generated by the bearing 4 to a geomagnetic field in the operation process. In the rotation process of the aviation bearing 4, the outer ring 4-1 is in a static state, and the retainer 4-2, the rolling body 4-3 and the inner ring 4-4 rotate simultaneously.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on weak magnetic detection is characterized in that: the rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on weak magnetic detection comprises the following specific steps:
step one, setting a load spectrum (F) of the running of the bearing1,F2,F3...) and velocity spectrum (v)1,v2,v3...)；
Secondly, acquiring a disturbing magnetic field (2) of the outer ring (4-1), the rolling body (4-3) and the inner ring (4-4) of the aviation bearing to the geomagnetic field through the weak magnetic detection sensor (1);
step three, smoothing preprocessing is carried out on the weak magnetic signals obtained in the step two by adopting moving average filtering;
step four, according to the preprocessed signal obtained in the step three, carrying out envelope demodulation transformation to obtain a frequency spectrum component (f)1,f2,f3...)；
Step five, acquiring the pitch circle diameter D, the contact angle alpha, the number Z of the rolling bodies and the diameter D of the rolling bodies of the bearing;
step six, acquiring the frequency conversion f of the bearing in each spectral bandr1＝v1/60、fr2＝v2/60、fr3＝v3/60...；
Seventhly, acquiring theoretical fault frequency f of the outer ring of the rolling bearingoInner circle theoretical failure frequency fiTheoretical failure frequency f of rolling elementRCage theoretical failure frequency fc；
Wherein f is ∈ [ f ∈ [ ]r1,fr2,fr3...]；
Step eight, frequency spectrum component f1,f2,f3.., and the conversion frequency f and the theoretical failure frequency (f)o、fi、fRAnd fc) And comparing and identifying the fault characteristics of the bearing.
2. The rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on weak magnetic detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the second step, a weak magnetic detection sensor (1) is adopted to acquire a geomagnetic disturbance signal (2) of the bearing in the operation process, data in the third step are preprocessed, and after envelope demodulation and transformation in the fourth step, a health device of the bearing is identified, wherein the specific process is as follows: performing envelope demodulation transformationsThereafter, the spectral components (f) are obtained1,f2,f3...)。
3. The rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on weak magnetic detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein: f. ofi＜fres，fresFor the response frequency, f, of the weak magnetic detection sensor (2)iThe failure frequency of the bearing inner ring (4-4) is the maximum value in the theoretical failure of the bearing.
4. The rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on weak magnetic detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein: 8fi＜fs；fsIs the sampling frequency of the data acquisition system.
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| CN202111433912.4A CN114137063A (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on weak magnetic detection |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117851873A (en) * | 2024-03-07 | 2024-04-09 | 唐智科技湖南发展有限公司 | Bearing running state evaluation method and system based on dynamic contact angle |
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| CN101819092A (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2010-09-01 | 重庆大学 | Coupling type intelligent bearing monitoring device arranged on bearing |
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2021
- 2021-11-29 CN CN202111433912.4A patent/CN114137063A/en active Pending
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117851873A (en) * | 2024-03-07 | 2024-04-09 | 唐智科技湖南发展有限公司 | Bearing running state evaluation method and system based on dynamic contact angle |
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