CN106053871A - Method for rotation speed extraction through peeling off fault corresponding impact by employing rolling ball track - Google Patents
Method for rotation speed extraction through peeling off fault corresponding impact by employing rolling ball track Download PDFInfo
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- CN106053871A CN106053871A CN201610588941.0A CN201610588941A CN106053871A CN 106053871 A CN106053871 A CN 106053871A CN 201610588941 A CN201610588941 A CN 201610588941A CN 106053871 A CN106053871 A CN 106053871A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
- G01M13/045—Acoustic or vibration analysis
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for rotation speed extraction through peeling off fault corresponding impact by employing a rolling ball track, belonging to the field of the fault diagnosis technology and the signal processing analysis technology. A charge amplifier is employed to perform amplification process of the original vibration signals, collected by an accelerometer, of a fault rolling bearing; the original vibration signals after the amplification process are subjected to the AR pre-whitening processing, an MED filtering method with the combination of a spectrum kurtosis is employed to enhance the fault impact feature in the pre-whitening signals, and the obvious vibration signals of the fault impact feature are obtained; the obvious vibration signals of the fault impact feature are subjected to Hillbert transformation, and enveloping signals are constructed; the impact feature position information in the enveloping signals of larger than a threshold is extracted; the rotation speed of a maintenance support is calculated; and the rotation speed of a rotating shaft is calculated according to the rotation speed of the maintenance support. The method provided by the invention is much simpler and better effective than other rotation speed extraction methods, can avoid the inhibition of the work condition for the installation of a collection device, and can save the rotation speed extraction cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method extracting rotating speed by antifriction-bearing raceway spalling failure correspondence shock characteristic, belong to
Fault diagnosis technology and signal processing analysis technical field.
Background technology
Being affected by the factor such as voltage pulsation and load change, operating rotating machinery there will be rotation speed change, accurately
The status monitoring of effective tachometric survey, beneficially rotating machinery and follow-up Analysis on Fault Diagnosis.
Order ratio analysis is a kind of important means processing the unstable signal of rotating machinery.Order sampling is as in order ratio analysis
An important step, need to be tracked filtering to the characteristic of rotating machines vibration signal in ascending, descending speed stage.At present, conventional with
Track filtering method has hardware based filtering method and filtering method based on software (method as converted) based on Garbor.Before
Person not only needs special tachometer to complete the monitoring of rotating speed, and needs corresponding data acquisition unit, but actual condition bar
Under part, many equipment are difficult to install tachometer, it is impossible to directly obtain tach signal, and the application to the method causes the most not
Just；The latter overcomes hardware inconvenience and installs this deficiency, uses the instantaneous frequency of time-frequency distributions to obtain the rotating speed letter of required axle
Breath, has the highest precision in the case of frequency resolution is higher, but in the case of frequency resolution is low, analysis precision is subject to
Limit, and the process of analysis is complicated, is easily disturbed.
Method proposed by the invention extracts rotating speed by rolling bearing fault shock characteristic, in rolling bearing fault state
Under, provide a kind of simple and effective rotational speed extraction method for the tracking filter in order ratio analysis, be also rotating machinery event
Rotation speed monitoring under barrier state provides a good selection.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method extracting rotating speed by antifriction-bearing raceway spalling failure correspondence shock characteristic,
Under rolling bearing fault state, it is not necessary to obtain rotary speed information by tachometer, it is not required that use complicated time frequency analysis side
Method, only can effectively extract rotary speed information by the positional information of fault shock characteristic.
The technical scheme is that and a kind of extract rotating speed by antifriction-bearing raceway spalling failure correspondence shock characteristic
Method, specifically comprising the following steps that of described method
The faulty bearing original vibration signal of acceleration transducer collection is carried out by Step1, use charge amplifier
Processing and amplifying；
Step2, the original vibration signal after processing and amplifying is carried out AR pre-whitening processing, then recycling bind profile kurtosis
MED filtering method the fault shock characteristic in prewhitening signal is strengthened, obtain fault shock characteristic significantly vibrate
Signal；
Step3, step Step2 gained signal is carried out Hillbert conversion, build envelope signal；
Step4, the shock characteristic positional information extracted in the envelope signal being more than threshold value；
Step5, first determine rolling bearing rotation turn around produce shock characteristic number be N, the most arbitrarily choose wherein
Arbitrary shock characteristic i, and record its shock characteristic positional information Ti, next find out i-th+n times shock characteristic positional information
Ti+N, finally use below equation to calculate retainer rotating speed fc:
fc=fs/(Ti+N-Ti)
In formula, fsFor sample frequency；
Step6, according to retainer rotating speed, calculate the rotating speed f of rotating shaftr:
In formula, d is rolling element diameter, and D is rolling bearing pitch diameter, and α is contact angle.
In described step Step1, original vibration signal is time-domain signal.
In described step Step4, shock characteristic positional information refers to that the sampling number that shock characteristic is corresponding (is adopted corresponding
On the sample time, the sampling number determined in conjunction with sample frequency).
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, under rolling bearing fault state, rotational speed extraction method proposed by the invention is than other rotational speed extraction methods more
Simply, effectively.
2, present invention extracting directly rotary speed information from faulty bearing vibration signal, for the field that the fluctuation of speed is bigger
Close, can operate with Computed order tracking filtering, completed the extraction of fault signature by coherent signal analysis.
3, rotational speed extraction method of the present invention, it is not necessary to install the rotating speed collecting devices such as tachometer, both avoided operating mode
The restriction that rotating speed collecting device is installed by condition, has saved again rotational speed extraction cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the inventive method flow chart of steps；
Fig. 2 is the housing washer fault original vibration signal after amplifying in the embodiment of the present invention 3；
Fig. 3 is the de-noising signal intercepted after Fig. 2 noise reduction of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the envelope signal that Fig. 3 of the present invention extracts after envelope converts.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: as Figure 1-4, a kind of by antifriction-bearing raceway spalling failure correspondence shock characteristic extraction rotating speed
Method, specifically comprising the following steps that of described method
The faulty bearing original vibration signal of acceleration transducer collection is carried out by Step1, use charge amplifier
Processing and amplifying；
Step2, the original vibration signal after processing and amplifying is carried out AR pre-whitening processing, then recycling bind profile kurtosis
MED filtering method the fault shock characteristic in prewhitening signal is strengthened, obtain fault shock characteristic significantly vibrate
Signal；
Step3, step Step2 gained signal is carried out Hillbert conversion, build envelope signal；
Step4, the shock characteristic positional information extracted in the envelope signal being more than threshold value；
Step5, first determine rolling bearing rotation turn around produce shock characteristic number be N, the most arbitrarily choose wherein
Arbitrary shock characteristic i, and record its shock characteristic positional information Ti, next find out i-th+n times shock characteristic positional information
Ti+N, finally use below equation to calculate retainer rotating speed fc:
fc=fs/(Ti+N-Ti)
In formula, fsFor sample frequency；
Step6, according to retainer rotating speed, calculate the rotating speed f of rotating shaftr:
In formula, d is rolling element diameter, and D is rolling bearing pitch diameter, and α is contact angle.
In described step Step1, original vibration signal is time-domain signal.
In described step Step4, shock characteristic positional information refers to the sampling number that shock characteristic is corresponding.
Embodiment 2: as Figure 1-4, a kind of by antifriction-bearing raceway spalling failure correspondence shock characteristic extraction rotating speed
Method, specifically comprising the following steps that of described method
The faulty bearing original vibration signal of acceleration transducer collection is carried out by Step1, use charge amplifier
Processing and amplifying；
Step2, the original vibration signal after processing and amplifying is carried out AR pre-whitening processing, then recycling bind profile kurtosis
MED filtering method the fault shock characteristic in prewhitening signal is strengthened, obtain fault shock characteristic significantly vibrate
Signal；
Step3, step Step2 gained signal is carried out Hillbert conversion, build envelope signal；
Step4, the shock characteristic positional information extracted in the envelope signal being more than threshold value；
Step5, first determine rolling bearing rotation turn around produce shock characteristic number be N, the most arbitrarily choose wherein
Arbitrary shock characteristic i, and record its shock characteristic positional information Ti, next find out i-th+n times shock characteristic positional information
Ti+N, finally use below equation to calculate retainer rotating speed fc:
fc=fs/(Ti+N-Ti)
In formula, fsFor sample frequency；
Step6, according to retainer rotating speed, calculate the rotating speed f of rotating shaftr:
In formula, d is rolling element diameter, and D is rolling bearing pitch diameter, and α is contact angle.
Embodiment 3: as Figure 1-4, a kind of by antifriction-bearing raceway spalling failure correspondence shock characteristic extraction rotating speed
Method, specifically comprising the following steps that of described method
Design parameter is as follows: 1) select 6205 type rolling ball bearings, and pitch diameter size is 38.5mm, and rolling element is a diameter of
7.938mm, rolling element number is 9, and contact angle is 0 °；2) fault type is outer ring spalling failure；3) NI USB9215 is used
Data collecting card and DH-5853 charge amplifier carry out high frequency sampling, and setting speed is 9.77Hz；4) selection in embodiment is gathered
Sensor be piezoelectric acceleration transducer.
The time domain that Step1, use acceleration transducer and charge amplifier gather outer ring spalling failure rolling bearing is original
Vibration signal, as shown in Figure 2；
Step2, original vibration signal is carried out noise reduction process: first the present invention carries out AR prewhitening to original vibration signal
Processing, then the fault shock characteristic in prewhitening signal is strengthened by the MED filtering method of recycling bind profile kurtosis, obtains
Take the obvious vibration signal of fault shock characteristic, as shown in Figure 3；
Step3, step Step2 gained signal is carried out Hillbert conversion, build envelope signal, in gained envelope signal
Fault shock characteristic is fairly obvious, as shown in Figure 4；
Fault shock characteristic information in envelope signal is extracted by Step4, selected threshold 0.1.Rolling bearing is appointed
Meaning rolling element rolls across between the first time shock characteristic that the time is its correspondence of a circle and second time shock characteristic along outer raceway
Time interval.Because used here as the rolling bearing arrived, rolling element number is 9, outer ring spalling failure and transfixion, therefore rolling
When dynamic bearing turns around with rotating shaft rotation, also can between first time shock characteristic and second time shock characteristic that same rolling element produces
The shock characteristic that other 8 rolling elements produce occurs, the most arbitrarily chooses 10 shock characteristics and just can calculate the axis of rolling
Hold rotation to turn around the time used.10 fault shock characteristics are arbitrarily selected from 23 the fault shock characteristics extracting gained
Obtain the rotating speed of rolling bearing retainer.Here choose the 1st, 2,10 fault shock characteristic to be shown, as shown in table 1.
1 pair of shock characteristic information retrieval of table
Step5, the time interval asked between the 1st Secondary Shocks feature and the 10th Secondary Shocks feature, result of calculation is
26206.63 points, by calculating the retainer speed of rolling bearing interval time, calculate process as follows:
fc=fs/(Ti+N-Ti)=102433/26206.63=3.909 (Hz)
Step6, can be obtained by step Step5, retainer rotating speed fcFor 3.909Hz, can obtain according to known conditions again, contact angle
(angle between rolling element and raceway) α is 0 °, and rolling element diameter d is 7.938mm, and rolling bearing pitch diameter D is 38.5mm, calculates
Obtain rotating shaft rotary speed frFor 9.84Hz, having error compared with setting speed 9.77Hz, this is owing to setting speed is average speed
Degree, and change loaded when rotating shaft rotates, the factor such as change in voltage can cause local spin to fluctuate, therefore this result is reliable.
It is as follows that this step calculates procedural representation.
Under antifriction-bearing raceway spalling failure state, rotational speed extraction method proposed by the invention is than other rotational speed extraction sides
Method is simpler, effective.The present invention is extracting directly rotary speed information from faulty bearing vibration signal, for the fluctuation of speed relatively
Big occasion, be can operate with Computed order tracking filtering, is completed the extraction of fault signature by coherent signal analysis.Of the present invention turn
Speed extracting method, it is not necessary to install the rotating speed collecting devices such as tachometer, had both avoided working condition and had installed rotating speed collecting device
Restriction, saved again rotational speed extraction cost.
Above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is explained in detail, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Embodiment, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art are possessed, it is also possible to before without departing from present inventive concept
Put that various changes can be made.
Claims (3)
1. the method extracting rotating speed by antifriction-bearing raceway spalling failure correspondence shock characteristic, it is characterised in that: described
Specifically comprising the following steps that of method
The faulty bearing original vibration signal of acceleration transducer collection is amplified by Step1, use charge amplifier
Process；
Step2, the original vibration signal after processing and amplifying is carried out AR pre-whitening processing, then recycling bind profile kurtosis
Fault shock characteristic in prewhitening signal is strengthened by MED filtering method, obtains fault shock characteristic and significantly vibrates letter
Number；
Step3, step Step2 gained signal is carried out Hillbert conversion, build envelope signal；
Step4, the shock characteristic positional information extracted in the envelope signal being more than threshold value；
Step5, first determine rolling bearing rotation turn around produce shock characteristic number be N, the most arbitrarily choose any of which
Shock characteristic i, and record its shock characteristic positional information Ti, next find out i-th+n times shock characteristic positional information Ti+N,
Rear utilization below equation calculates retainer rotating speed fc:
fc=fs/(Ti+N-Ti)
In formula, fsFor sample frequency；
Step6, according to retainer rotating speed, calculate the rotating speed f of rotating shaftr:
In formula, d is rolling element diameter, and D is rolling bearing pitch diameter, and α is contact angle.
The method extracting rotating speed by antifriction-bearing raceway spalling failure correspondence shock characteristic the most according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: in described step Step1, original vibration signal is time-domain signal.
The method extracting rotating speed by antifriction-bearing raceway spalling failure correspondence shock characteristic the most according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: in described step Step4, shock characteristic positional information refers to the sampling number that shock characteristic is corresponding.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107665337A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-02-06 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Bearing rolling element fault enhancement diagnosis method |
| CN108801638A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-13 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of rolling bearing peels off the method for estimation of size |
| CN109238717A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-18 | 福州大学 | A kind of gear-box combined failure diagnostic method based on VMD-OMEDA |
| CN109612730A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-12 | 北京航天测控技术有限公司 | A kind of rolling bearing fault localization method based on prewhitening analysis |
| CN110108467A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Active sounding speed-measuring method based on portable mobile apparatus |
| CN110987438A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-10 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | Method for detecting periodical vibration impact signals of hydraulic generator in variable rotating speed process |
| CN113702046A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-11-26 | 长沙理工大学 | Bearing fault diagnosis method based on mobile equipment under variable rotating speed working condition |
| CN113702046B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2024-06-11 | 长沙理工大学 | Bearing fault diagnosis method under variable rotation speed working condition based on mobile equipment |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107665337A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-02-06 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Bearing rolling element fault enhancement diagnosis method |
| CN108801638A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-13 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of rolling bearing peels off the method for estimation of size |
| CN109238717A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-18 | 福州大学 | A kind of gear-box combined failure diagnostic method based on VMD-OMEDA |
| CN109612730A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-12 | 北京航天测控技术有限公司 | A kind of rolling bearing fault localization method based on prewhitening analysis |
| CN110108467A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Active sounding speed-measuring method based on portable mobile apparatus |
| CN110108467B (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2020-10-20 | 长沙理工大学 | Active sounding speed measurement method based on portable mobile equipment |
| CN110987438A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-10 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | Method for detecting periodical vibration impact signals of hydraulic generator in variable rotating speed process |
| CN110987438B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-12-28 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | Method for detecting periodical vibration impact signals of hydraulic generator in variable rotating speed process |
| CN113702046A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-11-26 | 长沙理工大学 | Bearing fault diagnosis method based on mobile equipment under variable rotating speed working condition |
| CN113702046B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2024-06-11 | 长沙理工大学 | Bearing fault diagnosis method under variable rotation speed working condition based on mobile equipment |
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Application publication date: 20161026 |